EP0215251A2 - Use in detergents of neutralised and/or amidised polymers containing carboxyl groups - Google Patents
Use in detergents of neutralised and/or amidised polymers containing carboxyl groups Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0215251A2 EP0215251A2 EP86110543A EP86110543A EP0215251A2 EP 0215251 A2 EP0215251 A2 EP 0215251A2 EP 86110543 A EP86110543 A EP 86110543A EP 86110543 A EP86110543 A EP 86110543A EP 0215251 A2 EP0215251 A2 EP 0215251A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- alkyl
- weight
- copolymers
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims description 33
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title description 13
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 hydroxyethyl acylate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims 2
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 14
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 11
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical group [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFZOPKFMKMAWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(methyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCOP(C)(O)=O UFZOPKFMKMAWLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHAOJIKQSKXINR-WAYWQWQTSA-N (Z)-N'-(3-butoxypropyl)but-2-enediamide Chemical compound CCCCOCCCNC(=O)\C=C/C(N)=O HHAOJIKQSKXINR-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SPGNWPBNKQKCNO-PFONDFGASA-N (Z)-N'-(3-tridecoxypropyl)but-2-enediamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCNC(=O)\C=C/C(N)=O SPGNWPBNKQKCNO-PFONDFGASA-N 0.000 description 2
- IYYXMPPRZMHXNQ-PLNGDYQASA-N (Z)-N'-[3-(3-methylbutoxy)propyl]but-2-enediamide Chemical compound CC(C)CCOCCCNC(=O)\C=C/C(N)=O IYYXMPPRZMHXNQ-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-2-[(1-oxo-2-propenyl)amino]-1-propanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C XHZPRMZZQOIPDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C(O)=O PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHILQXWVTQQLSS-PLNGDYQASA-N (Z)-N'-(3-propan-2-yloxypropyl)but-2-enediamide Chemical compound CC(C)OCCCNC(=O)\C=C/C(N)=O UHILQXWVTQQLSS-PLNGDYQASA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOFPVMWVLDSWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyl-n-(11-methyldodecyl)dodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C YOFPVMWVLDSWKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHVBLSNVXDSMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C=C QHVBLSNVXDSMEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000536 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OQADVBLQZQTGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-n,n-dimethylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(C)C OQADVBLQZQTGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHNHFOGQMKPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN LTHNHFOGQMKPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(O)COC(=O)C=C GWZMWHWAWHPNHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IBZKBSXREAQDTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-n-(2-methoxyethyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COCCNCCOC IBZKBSXREAQDTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVFGEIYOLIFSRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-ethylhexoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCCCN DVFGEIYOLIFSRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZMUWHNIWFMBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-methylbutoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCOCCCN NZMUWHNIWFMBNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYEOYFUOERFWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(7-methyloctoxy)propan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOCCCN HYEOYFUOERFWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOYBEXQHNURCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethoxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCOCCCN SOYBEXQHNURCGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAXDZWQIWUSWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound COCCCN FAXDZWQIWUSWJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWOUPOJUVSKJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octadecoxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCN GWOUPOJUVSKJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPNCZSADMGXVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tridecoxypropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCN JPNCZSADMGXVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCOC(=O)C=C NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCIFJWVZZUDMRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-hydroxyhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C OCIFJWVZZUDMRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKGBNAGNNUEZQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-n,n-bis(6-methylheptyl)heptan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCN(CCCCCC(C)C)CCCCCC(C)C YKGBNAGNNUEZQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHFRJOPGKUBZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyl-n-(7-methyloctyl)octan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCNCCCCCCC(C)C KHFRJOPGKUBZLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLFKJPZBBCZWOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methyl-n,n-bis(8-methylnonyl)nonan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC(C)C)CCCCCCCC(C)C DLFKJPZBBCZWOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- SAIKULLUBZKPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(2-ethylhexyl) amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CNCC(CC)CCCC SAIKULLUBZKPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- LAWOZCWGWDVVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCC LAWOZCWGWDVVSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ADXNPXDFKKWVGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C ADXNPXDFKKWVGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMRPIOZXPHTSCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCNC XMRPIOZXPHTSCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- FJDUDHYHRVPMJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCN FJDUDHYHRVPMJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNIVIMYXGGFTAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octodrine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)N QNIVIMYXGGFTAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZKYDQNMAUSEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CC=C RZKYDQNMAUSEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
Definitions
- phosphate-free detergents which contain a detergent as main constituent and alkali metal or ammonium polyacrylate as builder in an amount of about 10 to 40%, based on the total mixture, as builder.
- the ammonium salts of the homopolymers are derived, for example, from methylamine and triethylamine.
- Such scaffolding substances give the detergents a high sequestering capacity, but they have no graying-inhibiting effect.
- EP-PS 25 551 discloses the use of copolymers which contain 40 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 60 to 10% by weight of copolymerized maleic acid as a phosphate substitute in detergents.
- the copolymers are preferably used as the sodium or ammonium salt.
- the salts of these copolymers make a contribution to the primary washing action of a detergent and are very effective incrustation inhibitors, but make no contribution to the graying inhibition.
- the present invention is based on the object of providing an additive to detergents and cleaning agents which can completely or partially replace the polyphosphates in detergents or which supports the primary washing action of conventional detergents and also has a sufficient incrustation-inhibiting and graying-inhibiting action.
- Homopolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are known. They are produced, for example, by polymerizing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in aqueous solution in the presence of polymerization initiators and, if appropriate, polymerization regulators at from 50 to 150 ° C. At temperatures above 100 ° C it is necessary to carry out the polymerization in pressure equipment.
- the molecular weights of the polyacrylic acids and polymethacrylic acids to be used according to the invention are 5,000 to 500,000 and are preferably in the range from 10,000 to 300,000. Copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, which can contain the two monomers in any ratio, can also be used according to the invention .
- the molecular weight range of the copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid corresponds to that of the homopolymers.
- the copolymers contain as component b) at least one monomer from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and / or a hydroxy-C2- to -C6-alkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated C3- to C5-carboxylic acid.
- Suitable hydroxyalkyl esters are obtained by reacting ethylenically unsaturated C3 to C5 carboxylic acids with C2 to C6 alkanediols.
- Suitable alkane diols are glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol and mixtures of propanediols, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 2,3-butanediol and mixtures of the isomeric butanediols, 1-pentanediol, 5 and hexanediol-1,6.
- Suitable hydroxyalkyl esters are, for example, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate and hydroxyhexyl acrylate.
- acrylic acid as monomer of group b) and of mixtures of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate or hydroxypropyl acrylate is particularly preferred. These monomers can be copolymerized in any ratio with the monomers of components a) be settled. If at least 2 monomers of group b) are used in the copolymerization, these mixtures advantageously contain 5 to 70% acrylic acid and 95 to 30% by weight of a hydroxyalkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated C3- to C5-carboxylic acid.
- the hydroxyalkyl half-esters and esters of maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid are also suitable as group b) monomers.
- the monomers of group b) make up 90 to 30, preferably 80 to 40% by weight of the copolymers.
- the copolymers can optionally be modified by polymerizing up to 15% by weight, based on the monomers a) and b), of monomers of group c), for example acrylamide, methacrylamide, 2-acrylamido 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphonic acid, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and styrene. From this group of monomers, 2-acrylamino-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate are preferably used.
- the weight average molecular weight of the copolymers of monomers a) and b) and optionally c) is 5,000 to 500,000 and is preferably in the range from 10,000 to 200,000.
- Suitable amines of the formula I are, for example, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, 6-methyl-2-heptylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, tridecylamine, mono- (C12 / C14) amine, palmitylamine, stearylamine, tridecyloxypropylamine, isopentyloxypropylamine, n-butyloxypropoxyamine, n , N-methyl-N-tridecylamine, dimethyltridecylamine, stearyloxypropylamine, di-2-ethylhexylamine, N, N-dimethyl-2-ethylhexylamine, di-2-methoxyethylamine, 3-methoxypropylamine, 3-ethoxypropylamine, 3- (2-ethylhexoxy) propylamine, di-n-octylamine, di-isononylamine, di-
- Those amines of the formula I are preferably used in which the substituent R is a C10- to C16-alkyl group and the substituents R2 and R3 are hydrogen or a C1- to C4-alkyl group.
- the homo- and copolymers containing carboxyl groups described above are each partially or completely neutralized with amines of the formula I. If the copolymers are in the form of aqueous solutions, an amine of the formula I is added either directly or in solution in water. If the polymers containing carboxyl groups are in powder form, they are introduced into water and the amines of the formula I are then added. However, the procedure can also be such that a pulverulent polymer containing carboxyl groups and an amine of the formula I are simultaneously introduced into water, in which case the neutralization takes place.
- an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion of a polymer containing carboxyl groups to an amine of the formula I or an aqueous solution of the amine of the formula 1.
- the amount of amine of the formula I is chosen so that the carboxyl groups of the polymers are completely or partially neutralized therewith.
- the degree of neutralization of the carboxyl groups of the polymers is 1 to 100%, preferably 20 to 100%.
- the carboxyl group-containing polymers are neutralized with the amines of the formula I, either clear solutions, cloudy solutions or aqueous dispersions are obtained.
- the different solubility of the neutralized or partially neutralized carboxyl-containing polymers has practically no influence on the effectiveness of these products in detergents.
- the amides of the homopolymers and copolymers described above are obtained by reacting them with the exclusion of water with primary or secondary amines of the formula I, the amount of amine of the formula I being chosen so that 5 to 50, preferably 10 to 35 % of the carboxyl groups of the homopolymers and copolymers are converted into the corresponding amide.
- the amidation can be carried out, for example, in inert solvents such as xylene, toluene or tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or methyl tert-butyl ether at temperatures from 20 to 140, preferably 40 to 80 ° C.
- inert solvents such as xylene, toluene or tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or methyl tert-butyl ether at temperatures from 20 to 140, preferably 40 to 80 ° C.
- primary and secondary amines are suitable as amines of the formula I for the amidation.
- the radical R2 is preferably C1- to C4-alkyl, while the substituent R3 is hydrogen.
- copolymers containing amide groups are preferably prepared from copolymers of maleic anhydride as component a) and the compounds b) because maleic anhydride forms the acid amide in a smooth reaction with the primary or secondary amines of the formula I.
- Acid amides to be used according to the invention can, however, also be obtained by subjecting amides of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and primary or secondary amines of the formula I to copolymerization with the monomers b) and optionally c).
- Suitable monomaleamides are, for example, N- (isopentyloxypropyl) monomaleamide, N- (tridecyloxypropyl) monomaleamide, N- (n-butyloxypropyl) monomaleamide and N- (isopropyloxypropyl) monomaleamide.
- the homopolymers and copolymers described above which have been converted into the neutralized or amidated form by reaction with the amines of the formula I, are used as an additive to graying-inhibiting and promoting the primary washing action to detergents and cleaning agents in an amount, in each case based on the solids, from 0.5 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 wt .-% used.
- the salts or amides to be used according to the invention can be incorporated in the form of the aqueous solution, as an aqueous dispersion or as a powder in washing and cleaning agents. They support the primary washing action and secondary washing action of common detergents and cleaning agents and can also be used as a partial or complete replacement of polyphosphates in detergents.
- the homopolymers and copolymers neutralized or amidated with amines of the formula I to be used according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of detergents based on surfactants, builders (polyphosphates, zeolites, nitrilotriacetic acid, soda and silicates) as well as bleaching agents (perborates) and, if appropriate, customary additives (e.g. defoamers, perfumes, optical brighteners, enzymes) and fillers such as sodium sulfate.
- Such detergents are either phosphate-free or contain up to a maximum of 25% by weight of polyphosphate, calculated as sodium tripolyphosphate, based on the total detergent formulation.
- the polymers to be used with the amines of the formula I neutralized or containing amidated carboxyl groups are present in the detergents in an amount of 0.5 to 10, preferably 1 to 5% by weight and, in addition to supporting the primary washing action, inhibit incrustation and at the same time inhibition of graying of the textile goods.
- These detergents have a special white washing effect and also protect the washed white material before graying.
- the substances to be used according to the invention thus have the effect that they improve the detachment of dirt from the soiled textile materials, but nevertheless largely prevent the dirt from being deposited again on the textile material even when there is a higher level of dirt in the washing liquor. It is of particular technical importance that the graying-inhibiting effect occurs not only with respect to pure cotton, but also to a considerable extent with the widespread cotton-polyester blends.
- K k ⁇ 103.
- the molecular weights (weight average) of the polymers containing carboxyl groups were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with aqueous eluents.
- the separation columns were calibrated using polystyrene sulfonates which had a narrowly distributed molecular weight and were manufactured by Pressure Chem. Comp. were obtained.
- the values thus obtained were based on the molecular weights of polysodium acrylate according to the universal calibration principle of BENOIT (J. Chim. Phys. 63 (1966) 1507) using the measurement data from SPATORICO and BEYER (J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 19 (1975) 2933) converted.
- a solution of 300 parts of maleic anhydride in 300 parts of xylene was added within 2 hours and at the same time 825 parts of acrylic acid were added over a period of 3 hours, and a solution of 12 parts of tert-butyl perethylhexanoate in 300 was metered in over a period of 4 hours Allocate xylene.
- the reactor contents are heated to boiling (133 ° C.). As soon as the boiling temperature is reached, a solution of 12 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide in 150 parts of xylene is added over the course of an hour, the reaction mixture is then heated to boiling for a further hour and then allowed to cool.
- a copolymer of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid is obtained in the form of a slightly viscous, fine granular suspension.
- the K value of the copolymer is 42.
- the suspension has a solids content of 49.9% and is reacted with the amines given in Table 1 to prepare additives 1 to 9.
- the copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 45,000.
- additives 1 to 9 For the preparation of additives 1 to 9, 200 parts of the suspension described above are placed in a 500 ml flask equipped with a stirrer and a nitrogen inlet and outlet. The suspension is stirred and heated to a temperature of 70 ° C. As soon as this temperature is reached, the amines given in Table 1 are added. The reaction mixture is then stirred for a further 2 hours at a temperature of 70 ° C. and then the amount of water likewise given in Table 1 is added. The suspension media (xylene and toluene) are then removed at 110 ° C. by introducing steam. After cooling, an aqueous dispersion of additives 1 to 9 is obtained, the solids contents of which are also given in table 1.
- the reactor contents are then heated to boiling, a solution of 12 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide in 150 parts of xylene is added within one hour, and the mixture is then heated to boiling and cooled for a further hour.
- the weight average molecular weight is 75,000.
- the suspension has a solids content of 49.9%.
- Additives 9 to 11 are obtained by heating in each case 200 parts of the suspension described above in a 500 ml flask with stirring in a nitrogen atmosphere of 70 ° C. and within one hour with the amines given in Table 2 in the amount likewise given there transferred. After the amines have been added, the reaction mixture is heated at 70 ° C. for a further 2 hours and then, after the amount of water given in Table 2 has been added, the suspension medium is removed by introducing steam. A dispersion is obtained in each case, the solids content of which is also given in Table 2. The additives 10 and 11 were additionally neutralized with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, cf. Table 2.
- the K value of the copolymer is 17.4, the molecular weight by weight average 10,000.
- the detergent formulations 1 to VI shown in Table 3 are produced, which are phosphate-reduced or, in the case of formulation III, a phosphate-free detergent formulation.
- the effects which are achieved with these detergent formulations are given in the tables below for comparison with formulations according to the invention.
- the known formulations are additionally combined with 2 to 3% by weight of the additives to be used according to the invention, for example additives 1 to 14, and then washing tests are carried out with the detergent formulations I to VI modified in this way, for example, an increase of up to 7 points for the whiteness of WFK dirty fabric is measured for the primary washing effect, which documents the considerable increase in the primary washing effect.
- the detergent formulations I to VI are given in Table 3. The following test conditions were observed to test the effectiveness of the detergents:
- the EMPA dirty fabric 101 from the Swiss Federal Laboratory for Materials Testing in St. Gallen / Switzerland or the WFK dirty fabric 10 D can also be used.
- the dirt cloth rags were measured after each wash and replaced with fresh ones.
- the graying of the three test fabrics was determined after the 5th wash by measuring the reflectance.
- the whiteness of the unwashed WFK fabric 10 C was 40
- the whiteness of the unwashed WFK fabric 10 D was 42.5
- the whiteness of the unwashed pigment dirt fabric was 30, the whiteness of the unwashed EMPA fabric 101 was 17.5.
- Table 4 shows the different effects of the additives to be used according to the invention when using the detergent formulation IV and various soiling fabrics.
- Table 5 shows the effect of additive 3 in the detergent formulations I-III, V and VI using the WFK 1O C / pigment soiled fabric combination.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Aus der US-PS 3,706,672 sind im wesentlichen phosphatfreie Waschmittel bekannt, die als Hauptbestandteile ein Detergens und als Gerüststoff Alkali- oder Ammoniumpolyacrylat in einer Menge von etwa 10 bis 40 %, bezogen auf die Gesamtmischung, als Gerüststoff enthalten. Die Ammoniumsalze der Homopolymerisate leiten sich beispielsweise von Methylamin und Triethylamin ab. Derartige Gerüstsubstanzen verleihen den Waschmitteln zwar ein hohes Sequestrierungsvermögen, besitzen jedoch keine vergrauungsinhibierende Wirkung.From US Pat. No. 3,706,672, essentially phosphate-free detergents are known which contain a detergent as main constituent and alkali metal or ammonium polyacrylate as builder in an amount of about 10 to 40%, based on the total mixture, as builder. The ammonium salts of the homopolymers are derived, for example, from methylamine and triethylamine. Such scaffolding substances give the detergents a high sequestering capacity, but they have no graying-inhibiting effect.
Aus der EP-PS 25 551 ist die Verwendung von Copolymerisaten, die 40 bis 90 Gew.-% Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure und 60 bis 10 Gew.-% Maleinsäure einpolymerisiert enthalten, als Phosphatersatzstoff in Waschmitteln bekannt. Die Copolymerisate werden vorzugsweise als Natrium- oder Ammoniumsalz eingesetzt. Die Salze dieser Copolymerisate leisten zwar einen Beitrag zur Primärwaschwirkung eines Waschmittels und stellen sehr wirksame Inkrustierungsinhibitoren dar, leisten jedoch keinen Beitrag zur Vergrauungsinhibierung.EP-PS 25 551 discloses the use of copolymers which contain 40 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and 60 to 10% by weight of copolymerized maleic acid as a phosphate substitute in detergents. The copolymers are preferably used as the sodium or ammonium salt. The salts of these copolymers make a contribution to the primary washing action of a detergent and are very effective incrustation inhibitors, but make no contribution to the graying inhibition.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Zusatz zu Waschmitteln und Reinigungsmitteln zur Verfügung zu stellen, der die Polyphosphate in Waschmitteln ganz oder teilweise zu ersetzen vermag bzw. die Primärwaschwirkung üblicher Waschmittel unterstützt und außerdem über eine ausreichenden inkrustierungsinhibierende und vergrauungsinhibierende Wirkung verfügt.The present invention is based on the object of providing an additive to detergents and cleaning agents which can completely or partially replace the polyphosphates in detergents or which supports the primary washing action of conventional detergents and also has a sufficient incrustation-inhibiting and graying-inhibiting action.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch Verwendung von Homopolymerisaten der Acrylsäure und der Methacrylsäure, Copolymerisaten aus Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure sowie von Copolymerisaten, die als wesentliche Bestandteile
- (a) 10 bis 70 Gew.-% einer ethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäure mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und
- (b) 90 bis 30 Gew.-% Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure und/oder eines Hydroxy-C₂- bis C₆-alkylesters einer ethylenisch ungesättigten C₃- bis C₅-Carbonsäure einpolymerisiert enthalten,
R = C₈- bis C₁₈-Alkyl oder R¹-O-CH₂-(CH₂)n-
n = 1 bis 3,
R¹ = C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl,
R², R³ = H, C₁-bis C₁₈-Alkyl und
m = 1 bis 3
bedeuten,
neutralisiert sind und/oder zu 5 bis 50 % als Amide vorliegen, die sich von primären und sekundären Aminen der Formel I ableiten, als vergrauungsinhibierender und die Primärwaschwirkung fördernder Zusatz zu Waschmitteln und Reinigungsmitteln in einer Menge, jeweils bezogen auf die Feststoffe, von 0,5 bis 10 Gew,-%.The object is achieved according to the invention by using homopolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid and copolymers which are essential components
- (a) 10 to 70% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and
- (b) contain 90 to 30% by weight of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and / or a hydroxy-C₂- to C₆-alkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated C₃- to C₅-carboxylic acid in copolymerized form,
R = C₈ to C₁₈ alkyl or R¹-O-CH₂- (CH₂) n -
n = 1 to 3,
R¹ = C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl,
R², R³ = H, C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl and
m = 1 to 3
mean,
are neutralized and / or 5 to 50% are present as amides which are derived from primary and secondary amines of the formula I, as a graying-inhibiting additive to detergents and cleaning agents which promotes the primary washing action, in an amount, in each case based on the solids, of 0, 5 to 10% by weight.
Homopolymerisate der Acrylsäure und der Methacrylsäure sind bekannt. Sie werden beispielsweise durch Polymerisieren von Acrylsäure bzw. Methacrylsäure in wäßriger Lösung in Gegenwart von Polymerisationsinitiatoren sowie gegebenenfalls Polymerisationsreglern bei Temperaturen von 50 bis 150°C hergestellt. Bei Temperaturen oberhalb 100°C ist es erforderlich, die Polymerisation in Druckapparaturen durchzuführen. Die Molekulargewichte der gemäß Erfindung zu verwendenden Polyacrylsäuren und Polymethacrylsäuren betragen 5 000 bis 500 000 und liegen vorzugsweise in dem Bereich von 10 000 bis 300 000. Ebenso kann man Copolymerisate aus Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure, die die beiden Monomeren in beliebigem Verhältnis enthalten können, erfindungsgemäß einsetzen. Der Molekulargewichtsbereich der Copolymerisate aus Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure entspricht demjenigen der Homopolymerisate.Homopolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid are known. They are produced, for example, by polymerizing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid in aqueous solution in the presence of polymerization initiators and, if appropriate, polymerization regulators at from 50 to 150 ° C. At temperatures above 100 ° C it is necessary to carry out the polymerization in pressure equipment. The molecular weights of the polyacrylic acids and polymethacrylic acids to be used according to the invention are 5,000 to 500,000 and are preferably in the range from 10,000 to 300,000. Copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, which can contain the two monomers in any ratio, can also be used according to the invention . The molecular weight range of the copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid corresponds to that of the homopolymers.
Zur Lösung der obengestellten Aufgabe sind insbesondere Copolymerisate geeignet, die als wesentliche Bestandteile
- a) 10 bis 70 Gew. -% einer ethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäure mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und
- b) 90 bis 30 Gew. -% Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure und/oder enes Hydroxy-C₂- bis -C₆-alkylesters einer ethylenisch ungesättigten C₃- bis C₅-Carbonsäure.
- a) 10 to 70% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acid with 4 to 6 carbon atoms and
- b) 90 to 30 wt .-% acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and / or enes hydroxy-C₂- to -C₆-alkyl esters of an ethylenically unsaturated C₃- to C₅-carboxylic acid.
Die Copolymerisate enthalten als Komponente b) mindestens ein Monomer aus der Gruppe Acrylsäure, Methacrylsäure und/oder eines Hydroxy-C₂- bis -C₆-alkylesters einer ethylenisch ungesättigten C₃- bis C₅-Carbonsäure einpolymerisiert. Geeignete Hydroxyalkylester erhält man, indem man ethylenisch ungesättigte C₃- bis C₅-Carbonsäuren mit C₂- bis C₆-Alkandiolen umsetzt. Als Alkandiole kommen in Betracht Glykol, Propandiol-1,3, Propandiol-1,2 sowie Gemische der Propandiole, Butandiol-1,4, Butandiol-1,3 und Butandiol-2,3 sowie Gemische der isomeren Butandiole, Pentandiol-1,5 sowie Hexandiol-1,6. Geeignete Hydroxyalkylester sind beispielsweise Hydroxyethylacrylat, 2-Hydroxypropylacrylat, 3-Hydroxypropylacrylat, 4-Hydroxybutylacrylat und Hydroxyhexylacrylate. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung von Acrylsäure als Monomer der Gruppe b) sowie von Mischungen aus Acrylsäure oder Methacrylsäure und Hydroxyethylacrylat bzw. Hydroxypropylacrylate. Diese Monomeren können in jedem beliebigen Verhältnis mit den Monomeren der Komponenten a) copolymeri siert werden. Sofern man mindestens 2 Monomere der Gruppe b) bei der Copolymerisation einsetzt, so enthalten diese Mischungen vorteilhaft 5 bis 70 % Acrylsäure und 95 bis 30 Gew.-% eines Hydroxyalkylesters einer ethylenisch ungesättigten C₃- bis C₅-Carbonsäure einpolymerisiert. Außer den Hydroxyalkylestern der Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure eignen sich als Monomer der Gruppe b) auch die Hydroxyalkylhalbester und Ester der Maleinsäure, Fumarsäure und Itaconsäure. Die Monomeren der Gruppe b) sind zu 90 bis 30, vorzugsweise 80 bis 40 Gew.-% am Aufbau der Copolymerisate beteiligt.The copolymers contain as component b) at least one monomer from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and / or a hydroxy-C₂- to -C₆-alkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated C₃- to C₅-carboxylic acid. Suitable hydroxyalkyl esters are obtained by reacting ethylenically unsaturated C₃ to C₅ carboxylic acids with C₂ to C₆ alkanediols. Suitable alkane diols are glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol and mixtures of propanediols, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol and 2,3-butanediol and mixtures of the isomeric butanediols, 1-pentanediol, 5 and hexanediol-1,6. Suitable hydroxyalkyl esters are, for example, hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate and hydroxyhexyl acrylate. The use of acrylic acid as monomer of group b) and of mixtures of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate or hydroxypropyl acrylate is particularly preferred. These monomers can be copolymerized in any ratio with the monomers of components a) be settled. If at least 2 monomers of group b) are used in the copolymerization, these mixtures advantageously contain 5 to 70% acrylic acid and 95 to 30% by weight of a hydroxyalkyl ester of an ethylenically unsaturated C₃- to C₅-carboxylic acid. In addition to the hydroxyalkyl esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, the hydroxyalkyl half-esters and esters of maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid are also suitable as group b) monomers. The monomers of group b) make up 90 to 30, preferably 80 to 40% by weight of the copolymers.
Die Copolymerisate können gegebenenfalls dadurch modifiziert werden, daß man bei der Polymerisation bis zu 15 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Monomeren a) und b), an Monomeren der Gruppe c) einpolymerisiert, zu denen beispielsweise Acrylamid, Methacrylamid, 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropansulfonsäure, Vinylsulfonsäure, Allylsulfonsäure, Vinylphosphonsäure, Allylphosphonsäure, Vinylacetat, Vinylpropionat, Methylacrylat, Methylmethacrylat, Ethylacrylat, Ethylmethacrylat, Dimethylaminoethylacrylat, Diethylaminoethylacrylat, Dimethylaminoethylmethacrylat und Styrol gehören. Aus dieser Gruppe von Monomeren werden vorzugsweise 2-Acrylamino-2-methylpropansulfonsäure, Vinylphosphonsäure, Vinylacetat und Vinylpropionat eingesetzt.The copolymers can optionally be modified by polymerizing up to 15% by weight, based on the monomers a) and b), of monomers of group c), for example acrylamide, methacrylamide, 2-acrylamido 2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylsulfonic acid, allylsulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphonic acid, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and styrene. From this group of monomers, 2-acrylamino-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, vinylphosphonic acid, vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate are preferably used.
Das Molekulargewicht der Copolymerisate aus den Monomeren a) und b) und gegebenenfalls c) beträgt nach dem Gewichtsmittel 5 000 bis 500 0000 und liegt vorzugsweise in dem Bereich von 10 000 bis 200 000.The weight average molecular weight of the copolymers of monomers a) and b) and optionally c) is 5,000 to 500,000 and is preferably in the range from 10,000 to 200,000.
Die oben beschriebenen Homo- und Copolymerisate werden mit Aminen der Formel I
R = C₈- bis C₁₈-Alkyl oder R¹-0-CH₂-(CH₂)n -,
n = 1 bis 3, vorzugsweise 1,
R¹ = C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl
R², R³ = H, C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl und
m = 1 bis 3, vorzugsweise 1,
bedeuten, partiell oder vollständig neutralisiert oder partiell durch Umsetzung mit den primären und sekundären Aminen der allgemeinen Formel I in die Amide umgewandelt. Geeignete Amine der Formel I sind beispielsweise Octylamin, Nonylamin, Decylamin, 6-Methyl-2-heptylamin, 2-Ethylhexylamin, Tridecylamin, Mono-(C₁₂/C₁₄)-amin, Palmitylamin, Stearylamin, Tridecyloxypropylamin, Isopentyloxypropylamin, n-Butyloxypropylamin, Stearyloxyethylamin, N-Methyl-N-tridecylamin, Dimethyltridecylamin, Stearyloxypropylamin, Di-2-ethylhexylamin, N,N-Dimethyl-2-ethylhexylamin, Di-2-methoxyethylamin, 3-Methoxypropylamin, 3-Ethoxypropylamin, 3-(2-Ethylhexoxy)propylamin, Di-n-octylamin, Di-isononylamin, Di-isotridecylamin, Tri-n-octylamin, Triisooctylamin, Triisodecylamin, 3-Isononyloxypropylamin.The homopolymers and copolymers described above are mixed with amines of the formula I.
R = C₈ to C₁₈ alkyl or R¹-0-CH₂- (CH₂) n -,
n = 1 to 3, preferably 1,
R¹ = C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl
R², R³ = H, C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl and
m = 1 to 3, preferably 1,
mean, partially or completely neutralized or partially converted into the amides by reaction with the primary and secondary amines of the general formula I. Suitable amines of the formula I are, for example, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, 6-methyl-2-heptylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, tridecylamine, mono- (C₁₂ / C₁₄) amine, palmitylamine, stearylamine, tridecyloxypropylamine, isopentyloxypropylamine, n-butyloxypropoxyamine, n , N-methyl-N-tridecylamine, dimethyltridecylamine, stearyloxypropylamine, di-2-ethylhexylamine, N, N-dimethyl-2-ethylhexylamine, di-2-methoxyethylamine, 3-methoxypropylamine, 3-ethoxypropylamine, 3- (2-ethylhexoxy) propylamine, di-n-octylamine, di-isononylamine, di-isotridecylamine, tri-n-octylamine, triisooctylamine, triisodecylamine, 3-isononyloxypropylamine.
Vorzugsweise verwendet man diejenigen Amine der Formel I, in denen der Substituent R eine C₁₀- bis C₁₆-Alkylgruppe bedeutet und die Substituenten R² und R³ für Wasserstoff oder eine C₁- bis C₄-Alkylgruppe stehen.Those amines of the formula I are preferably used in which the substituent R is a C₁₀- to C₁₆-alkyl group and the substituents R² and R³ are hydrogen or a C₁- to C₄-alkyl group.
Die oben beschriebenen Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Homo- und Copolymerisate werden jeweils partiell oder vollständig mit Aminen der Formel I neutralisiert. Sofern die Copolymerisate in Form wäßriger Lösungen vorliegen, fügt man ein Amin der Formel I entweder direkt oder gelöst in Wasser hinzu. Falls die Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Polymerisate als Pulver vorliegen, trägt man sie in Wasser ein und fügt anschließend die Amine der Formel I zu. Man kann jedoch auch so verfahren, daß man ein pulverförmiges carboxylgruppenhaltiges Polymerisat und ein Amin der Formel I gleichzeitig in Wasser einträgt, wobei dann die Neutralisation erfolgt. Umgekehrt ist es auch möglich, eine wäßrige Lösung bzw. eine wäßrige Dispersion eines Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Polymerisats zu einem Amin der Formel I oder einer wäßrigen Lösung des Amins der Formel 1 zuzusetzen. Die Menge an Amin der Formel I wird so gewählt, daß die Carboxylgruppen der Polymerisate vollständig oder teilweise damit neutralisiert sind. Der Neutralisationsgrad der Carboxylgruppen der Polymerisate beträgt 1 bis 100 %, vorzugsweise 20 bis 100 %. Bei der Neutralisation der Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Polymerisate mit den Aminen der Formel I erhält man entweder klare Lösungen, trübe Lösungen oder wäßrige Dispersionen. Die unterschiedliche Löslichkeit der neutralisierten bzw. partiell neutralisierten Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Polymerisate hat dabei praktisch keinen Einfluß auf die Wirksamkeit dieser Produkte in Waschmitteln. Wenn man die Polymerisate nur teilweise mit den Aminen der Formel I neutralisiert, kann man - sofern es zur Verbesserung der Löslichkeit der Produkte gewünscht ist - außerdem noch Natronlauge, Kalilauge, Ammoniak oder C₁- bis C₄-Alkylamine, Ethanolamin oder Triethanolamin bis zu einer vollständigen Neutralisierung der Copolymerisate verwenden. Die Lösungen bzw. Dispersionen der mit den Aminen der Formel I partiell oder vollständig neutralisierten Homo- oder Copolymerisate können direkt in Waschmittel eingearbeitet bzw. auch aus den wäßrigen Lösungen isoliert werden, indem man das Wasser verdampft und den Rückstand in Form eines Pulvers Waschmittelformulierungen zusetzt.The homo- and copolymers containing carboxyl groups described above are each partially or completely neutralized with amines of the formula I. If the copolymers are in the form of aqueous solutions, an amine of the formula I is added either directly or in solution in water. If the polymers containing carboxyl groups are in powder form, they are introduced into water and the amines of the formula I are then added. However, the procedure can also be such that a pulverulent polymer containing carboxyl groups and an amine of the formula I are simultaneously introduced into water, in which case the neutralization takes place. Conversely, it is also possible to add an aqueous solution or an aqueous dispersion of a polymer containing carboxyl groups to an amine of the formula I or an aqueous solution of the amine of the formula 1. The amount of amine of the formula I is chosen so that the carboxyl groups of the polymers are completely or partially neutralized therewith. The degree of neutralization of the carboxyl groups of the polymers is 1 to 100%, preferably 20 to 100%. When the carboxyl group-containing polymers are neutralized with the amines of the formula I, either clear solutions, cloudy solutions or aqueous dispersions are obtained. The different solubility of the neutralized or partially neutralized carboxyl-containing polymers has practically no influence on the effectiveness of these products in detergents. If you only partially neutralize the polymers with the amines of formula I, you can - if it is desired to improve the solubility of the products - also sodium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, ammonia or C₁- to C₄-alkylamines, ethanolamine or triethanolamine to a complete Use neutralization of the copolymers. The solutions or dispersions of the amines of the formula I partially or fully neutralized homopolymers or copolymers can be incorporated directly into detergents or isolated from the aqueous solutions by evaporating the water and adding the residue in the form of a powder detergent formulations.
Die Amide der oben beschriebenen Homo- und Copolymerisate erhält man, indem man sie unter Ausschluß von Wasser mit primären oder sekundären Aminen der Formel I umsetzt, wobei man die Menge an Amin der Formel I so wählt, daß 5 bis 50, vorzugsweise 10 bis 35 % der Carboxylgruppen der Homo- und Copolymerisate in das entsprechende Amid umgewandelt werden. Die Amidierung kann beispielsweise in inerten Lösemitteln, wie Xylol, Toluol oder Tetrahydrofuran, Dioxan oder Methyl-tert.-butylether bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 140, vorzugsweise 40 bis 80°C vorgenommen werden. Als Amine der Formel I kommen für die Amidierung jedoch nur primäre und sekundäre Amine in Betracht. Für die Amidierung bedeutet in der allgemeinen Formel I der Rest R² vorzugsweise C₁- bis C₄-Alkyl, während der Substituent R³ für Wasserstoff steht. Vorzugsweise verwendet man für die Amidierung primäre Amine in der R = C₁₀- bis C₁₆- und R², R³ = H bedeuten bzw. sekundäre Amine der Formel I, in denen R = C₁₀- bis C₁₆- und R² eine C₁- bis C₄-Alkylgruppe darstellt.The amides of the homopolymers and copolymers described above are obtained by reacting them with the exclusion of water with primary or secondary amines of the formula I, the amount of amine of the formula I being chosen so that 5 to 50, preferably 10 to 35 % of the carboxyl groups of the homopolymers and copolymers are converted into the corresponding amide. The amidation can be carried out, for example, in inert solvents such as xylene, toluene or tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or methyl tert-butyl ether at temperatures from 20 to 140, preferably 40 to 80 ° C. However, only primary and secondary amines are suitable as amines of the formula I for the amidation. For the amidation in the general formula I, the radical R² is preferably C₁- to C₄-alkyl, while the substituent R³ is hydrogen. Preferably used for the amidation are primary amines in which R = C₁₀- to C₁₆- and R², R³ = H or secondary amines of the formula I in which R = C₁₀- to C₁₆- and R² is a C₁- to C₄-alkyl group represents.
Die Amidgruppen enthaltenden Copolymerisate werden vorzugsweise aus Copolymerisaten aus Maleinsäureanhydrid als Komponente a) und den Verbindungen b) hergestellt, weil Maleinsäureanhydrid mit den primären bzw. sekundären Aminen der Formel I in glatter Reaktion das Säureamid bildet.The copolymers containing amide groups are preferably prepared from copolymers of maleic anhydride as component a) and the compounds b) because maleic anhydride forms the acid amide in a smooth reaction with the primary or secondary amines of the formula I.
Bei der Amidierung von Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Homo- und Copolymerisaten der oben beschriebenen Art mit den Aminen der Formel I erhält man in Abhängigkeit von der Arbeitsweise Amide bzw. Mischungen aus den entsprechenden Amiden und den neutralisierten carboxylgruppenhaltigen Polymerisaten. Aus den tertiären Aminen der Formel I bilden sich selbstverständlich nur die Salze der hydrolisierten carboxylgruppenhaltigen Polymerisate.In the amidation of carboxyl-containing homopolymers and copolymers of the type described above with the amines of the formula I, depending on the procedure, amides or mixtures of the corresponding amides and the neutralized carboxyl-containing polymers are obtained. Of course, only the salts of the hydrolyzed carboxyl-containing polymers are formed from the tertiary amines of the formula I.
Erfindungsgemäß zu verwendende Säureamide können jedoch auch dadurch erhalten werden, daß man Amide aus ethylenisch ungesättigten Dicarbonsäuren mit 4 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und primären oder sekundären Aminen der Formel I der Copolymerisation mit den Monomeren b) und gegebenenfalls c) unterwirft. Vorzugsweise verwendet man zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Amide von Copolymerisaten aus den Komponenten a) und b) Monomaleinamide, die sich von Aminen der Formel II ableiten,
R = C₈- bis C₁₈-Alkyl oder R¹-O=CH₂-(CH₂)n-
n = 1 bis 3,
R¹ = C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl,
R₂ = H, C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl und
R³ = H
bedeuten.Acid amides to be used according to the invention can, however, also be obtained by subjecting amides of ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 6 carbon atoms and primary or secondary amines of the formula I to copolymerization with the monomers b) and optionally c). Monomaleeinamides derived from amines of the formula II are preferably used to prepare the amides of copolymers from components a) and b) to be used according to the invention,
R = C₈ to C₁₈ alkyl or R¹-O = CH₂- (CH₂) n -
n = 1 to 3,
R¹ = C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl,
R₂ = H, C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl and
R³ = H
mean.
Geeignete Monomaleinamide sind beispielsweise N-(Isopentyloxypropyl)-monomaleinamid, N-(Tridecyloxypropyl)-monomaleinamid, N-(n-Butyloxypropyl)-monomaleinamid und N-(Isopropyloxypropyl)-monomaleinamid.Suitable monomaleamides are, for example, N- (isopentyloxypropyl) monomaleamide, N- (tridecyloxypropyl) monomaleamide, N- (n-butyloxypropyl) monomaleamide and N- (isopropyloxypropyl) monomaleamide.
Die oben beschriebenen Homo- und Copolymerisate, die durch Umsetzung mit den Aminen der Formel I in die neutralisierte bzw. amidierte Form umgewandelt worden sind, werden als vergrauungsinhibierender und die Primärwaschwirkung fördernder Zusatz zu Waschmitteln und Reinigungsmitteln in einer Menge, jeweils bezogen auf die Feststoffe, von 0,5 bis 10, vorzugsweise 1 bis 5 Gew.-% verwendet. Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Salze bzw. Amide können in Form der wäßrigen Lösung, als wäßrige Dispersion oder auch als Pulver in Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel eingearbeitet werden. Sie unterstützen die Primärwaschwirkung und Sekundärwaschwirkung von üblichen Waschmitteln und Reinigungsmitteln und können außerdem als teilweiser oder vollständiger Ersatz von Polyphosphaten in Waschmitteln verwendet werden. Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden mit Aminen der Formel I neutralisierten bzw. amidierten Homo- und Copolymerisate eignen sich besonders zur Herstellung von Waschmitteln auf Basis von Tensiden, Gerüststoffen (Polyphosphaten, Zeolithen, Nitrilotriessigsäure, Soda und Silikaten) sowie Bleichmitteln (Perboraten) und gegebenenfalls üblichen Zusätzen (z.B. Entschäumern, Parfum, optischen Aufhellern, Enzymen) und Füllstoffen wie Natriumsulfat. Derartige Waschmittel sind entweder phosphatfrei oder enthalten bis höchstens 25 Gew.-% Polyphosphat, gerechnet als Natriumtripolyphosphat, bezogen auf die gesamte Waschmittelformulierung. Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden mit den Aminen der Formel I neutralisierten bzw. amidierten Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Polymerisate sind in den Waschmitteln in einer Menge von 0,5 bis 10, vorzugsweise 1 bis 5 Gew.-%, vorhanden und bewirken neben einer Unterstützung der Primärwaschwirkung eine Inkrustierungsinhibierung und gleichzeitig Vergrauungsinhibierung des Textilguts. Diese Waschmittel haben eine besondere Weißwaschwirkung und schützen außerdem das gewaschene weiße Material vor einer Vergrauung. Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Substanzen haben somit die Wirkung, daß sie das Schmutzablösen von den verschmutzten Textilmaterialien verbessern, dennoch aber selbst bei höherer Schmutzbelastug in der Waschflotte das Wiederablagern des Schmutzes auf das textile Material weitgehend verhindern. Von besonderer technischer Bedeutung ist dabei, daß die vergrauungsinhibierende Wirkung nicht nur gegenüber reiner Baumwolle, sondern in beachtlichem Ausmaß auch bei den weitverbreiteten Baumwoll-Polyester-Mischungen eintritt.The homopolymers and copolymers described above, which have been converted into the neutralized or amidated form by reaction with the amines of the formula I, are used as an additive to graying-inhibiting and promoting the primary washing action to detergents and cleaning agents in an amount, in each case based on the solids, from 0.5 to 10, preferably 1 to 5 wt .-% used. The salts or amides to be used according to the invention can be incorporated in the form of the aqueous solution, as an aqueous dispersion or as a powder in washing and cleaning agents. They support the primary washing action and secondary washing action of common detergents and cleaning agents and can also be used as a partial or complete replacement of polyphosphates in detergents. The homopolymers and copolymers neutralized or amidated with amines of the formula I to be used according to the invention are particularly suitable for the production of detergents based on surfactants, builders (polyphosphates, zeolites, nitrilotriacetic acid, soda and silicates) as well as bleaching agents (perborates) and, if appropriate, customary additives (e.g. defoamers, perfumes, optical brighteners, enzymes) and fillers such as sodium sulfate. Such detergents are either phosphate-free or contain up to a maximum of 25% by weight of polyphosphate, calculated as sodium tripolyphosphate, based on the total detergent formulation. The polymers to be used with the amines of the formula I neutralized or containing amidated carboxyl groups are present in the detergents in an amount of 0.5 to 10, preferably 1 to 5% by weight and, in addition to supporting the primary washing action, inhibit incrustation and at the same time inhibition of graying of the textile goods. These detergents have a special white washing effect and also protect the washed white material before graying. The substances to be used according to the invention thus have the effect that they improve the detachment of dirt from the soiled textile materials, but nevertheless largely prevent the dirt from being deposited again on the textile material even when there is a higher level of dirt in the washing liquor. It is of particular technical importance that the graying-inhibiting effect occurs not only with respect to pure cotton, but also to a considerable extent with the widespread cotton-polyester blends.
Die in den Beispielen angegebenen Teile sind Gewichtsteile, die Prozentangaben beziehen sich auf das Gewicht der Stoffe. Die K-Werte wurden nach H. Fikentscher, Cellulose-Chemie 13, 58-64 und 71-74 (1932) in 1 %iger wäßriger Lösung bei einer Temperatur von 25°C und einem pH-Wert von 7 gemessen, sofern nicht ein anderes Lösungsmittel angegeben ist. In allen Fällen bedeutet K = k · 10³.The parts given in the examples are parts by weight, the percentages relate to the weight of the substances. The K values were measured according to H. Fikentscher, Cellulose-Chemie 13 , 58-64 and 71-74 (1932) in 1% aqueous solution at a temperature of 25 ° C and a pH of 7, unless one other solvent is specified. In all cases, K = k · 10³.
Die Bestimmung der Molekulargewichte (Gewichtsmittel) der Carboxylgruppen enthaltenden Polymerisate erfolgte durch Gel-Permeations-Chromatographie (GPC) mit wäßrigen Elutionsmitteln. Die Eichung der Trennsäulen wurde mit Polystyrolsulfonaten vorgenommen, die ein engverteiltes Molekulargewicht hatten und von der Firma Pressure Chem. Comp. bezogen wurden. Die so erhaltenen Werte wurden auf die Molekulargewichte von Polynatriumacrylat nach dem universellen Eichprinzip von BENOIT (J. Chim. Phys. 63 (1966) 1507) unter Verwendung der Meßdaten von SPATORICO und BEYER (J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 19 (1975) 2933) umgerechnet.The molecular weights (weight average) of the polymers containing carboxyl groups were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with aqueous eluents. The separation columns were calibrated using polystyrene sulfonates which had a narrowly distributed molecular weight and were manufactured by Pressure Chem. Comp. were obtained. The values thus obtained were based on the molecular weights of polysodium acrylate according to the universal calibration principle of BENOIT (J. Chim. Phys. 63 (1966) 1507) using the measurement data from SPATORICO and BEYER (J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 19 (1975) 2933) converted.
In einem 4 l fassenden Reaktor aus Glas, der mit einem Rückflußkühler, Rührer und Stickstoffeinleitung versehen war, wurden 750 Teile Xylol, 4,29 Teile Polyethylvinylether von K-Wert 50 (bestimmt in Cyclohexanon bei 25°C) als 70 %ige Lösung in Toluol und 375 Teile Maleinsäureanhydrid in einem schwachen Stickstoffstrom auf eine Temperatur von 80 bis 85°C erhitzt. Innerhalb von 2 Stunden gab man eine Lösung von 300 Teilen Maleinsäureanhydrid in 300 Teilen Xylol und gleichzeitig damit aber innerhalb eines Zeitraums von 3 Stunden 825 Teile Acrylsäure zu und dosierte über einen Zeitraum von insgesamt 4 Stunden eine Lösung von 12 Teilen tert.-Butylperethylhexanoat in 300 Teilen Xylol zu. Nach Beendigung der Initiatorzugabe wird der Reaktorinhalt zum Sieden erhitzt (133°C). Sobald die Siedetemperatur erreicht ist, fügt man im Verlaufe einer Stunde eine Lösung von 12 Teilen Ditertiärbutylperoxid in 150 Teilen Xylol zu, erhitzt das Reaktionsgemisch anschließend noch 1 Stunde zum Sieden und läßt es dann abkühlen. Man erhält ein Copolymerisat aus Maleinsäureanhydrid und Acrylsäure in Form einer schwachviskosen, fein körnigen Suspension. Der K-Wert des Copolymeren beträgt 42. Die Suspension besitzt einen Feststoffgehalt von 49,9 % und wird zur Herstellung der Additive 1 bis 9 mit den in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Aminen umgesetzt. Das Copolymerisat hat ein Molekulargewicht nach dem Gewichtsmittel von 45 000.In a 4 liter glass reactor equipped with a reflux condenser, stirrer and nitrogen inlet, 750 parts of xylene, 4.29 parts of polyethylene vinyl ether with a K value of 50 (determined in cyclohexanone at 25 ° C.) were dissolved in as a 70% solution Heated toluene and 375 parts of maleic anhydride in a gentle stream of nitrogen to a temperature of 80 to 85 ° C. A solution of 300 parts of maleic anhydride in 300 parts of xylene was added within 2 hours and at the same time 825 parts of acrylic acid were added over a period of 3 hours, and a solution of 12 parts of tert-butyl perethylhexanoate in 300 was metered in over a period of 4 hours Allocate xylene. After the initiator addition has ended, the reactor contents are heated to boiling (133 ° C.). As soon as the boiling temperature is reached, a solution of 12 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide in 150 parts of xylene is added over the course of an hour, the reaction mixture is then heated to boiling for a further hour and then allowed to cool. A copolymer of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid is obtained in the form of a slightly viscous, fine granular suspension. The K value of the copolymer is 42. The suspension has a solids content of 49.9% and is reacted with the amines given in Table 1 to prepare additives 1 to 9. The copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 45,000.
Für die Herstellung der Additive 1 bis 9 legt man jeweils 200 Teile der oben beschriebenen Suspension in einem 500 ml Kolben vor, der mit einem Rührer und einem Stickstoffein- und -auslaß versehen ist. Die Suspension wird gerührt und auf eine Temperatur von 70°C erhitzt. Sobald diese Temperatur erreicht ist, gibt man jeweils die in der Tabelle 1 angegebenen Amine zu. Danach wird das Reaktionsgemisch noch 2 Stunden bei einer Temperatur von 70°C gerührt und anschließend mit der ebenfalls in Tabelle 1 angegebenen Menge an Wasser versetzt. Danach entfernt man die Suspensionsmittel (Xylol und Toluol) bei 110°C durch Einleiten von Wasserdampf. Nach dem Abkühlen erhält man eine wäßrige Dispersion der Additive 1 bis 9, deren Feststoffgehalte ebenfalls in der Tabelle 1 angegeben sind.
In dem oben beschriebenen Polymerisationsreaktor werden 750 Teile Xylol. 4,29 Teile des oben angegebenen Polyethylvinylethers und 250 Teile Maleinsäureanhydrid vorgelegt und im schwachen Stickstoffstrom auf eine Temperatur von 85°C erhitzt. Innerhalb von 2 Stunden gibt man dann bei dieser Temperatur 200 Teile Maleinsäureanhydrid und gleichzeitig damit jedoch über einen Zeitraum von 3 Stunden 1 050 Teile Acrylsäure und innerhalb eines Zeitraums von 4 Stunden kontinuierlich eine Lösung von 12 Teilen tert.-Butylperethylhexanoat in 300 Teilen Xylol zu. Der Reaktorinhalt wird dann zum Sieden erhitzt, innerhalb einer Stunde mit einer Lösung von 12 Teilen Ditertiärbutylperoxid in 150 Teilen Xylol versetzt und danach noch 1 Stunde zum Sieden erhitzt und abgekühlt. Man erhält eine feinkörnige Suspension eines Copolymerisates aus Maleinsäureanhydrid und Acrylsäure von K-Wert 52. Das Molekulargewicht nach dem Gewichtsmittel beträgt 75 000. Die Suspension hat einen Feststoffgehalt von 49,9 %.In the polymerization reactor described above, 750 parts of xylene. 4.29 parts of the above-mentioned polyethyl vinyl ether and 250 parts of maleic anhydride are introduced and heated to a temperature of 85 ° C. in a slow stream of nitrogen. 200 parts of maleic anhydride are then added within 2 hours at this temperature and at the same time, however, 1,050 parts of acrylic acid are added over a period of 3 hours and a solution of 12 parts of tert-butyl perethylhexanoate in 300 parts of xylene is continuously added over a period of 4 hours. The reactor contents are then heated to boiling, a solution of 12 parts of di-tert-butyl peroxide in 150 parts of xylene is added within one hour, and the mixture is then heated to boiling and cooled for a further hour. You get a fine-grained suspension of a copolymer of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid with a K value of 52. The weight average molecular weight is 75,000. The suspension has a solids content of 49.9%.
Die Additive 9 bis 11 werden erhalten, indem man jeweils 200 Teile der oben beschriebenen Suspension in einem 500 ml-Kolben unter Rühren in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre von 70°C erhitzt und innerhalb einer Stunde mit den in Tabelle 2 angegebenen Aminen in der dort ebenfalls angegebenen Menge versetzt. Nach Zugabe der Amine wird das Reaktionsgemisch noch 2 Stunden auf 70°C erhitzt und dann nach Zugabe der in der Tabelle 2 angegebenen Wassermenge durch Einleiten von Wasserdampf vom Suspensionsmittel befreit. Man erhält jeweils eine Dispersion, deren Feststoffgehalt in der Tabelle 2 ebenfalls angegeben ist. Die Additive 10 und 11 wurden zusätzlich noch mit 50 %iger wäßriger Natronlauge neutralisiert, vgl. Tabelle 2.
In einem Glaskolben, der mit Rührer, Rückflußkühler und Stickstoffeinleitung versehen ist, werden 60 Teile Wasser, 12 Teile Maleinsäureanhydrid, 10 Teile Natriumhydroxid und 116 Teile N-(Isopentoxypropyl)-monomaleinamid vorgelegt, zum Sieden erhitzt und dann innerhalb von 5 Stunden mit einer Lösung von 72 Teilen Acrylsäure und 72 Teilen Wasser versetzt. Zusammen mit der Zugabe der Acrylsäure dosiert man zum Reaktionsgemisch über einen Zeitraum von insgesamt 6 Stunden eine Lösung von 6,7 Teilen 30 %igem Wasserstoffperoxid und 2 Teilen Natriumpersulfat in 70 Teilen Wasser zu und erhitzt das Reaktionsgemisch nach Abschluß der Initiatorzugabe noch 1 Stunde zum Sieden. Danach neutralisiert man mit 50 %iger wäßriger Natronlauge und läßt das Reaktionsgemisch abkühlen. Man erhält eine klare, rötlichbraune viskose Lösung eines Feststoffgehalts von 44,3 %. Der K-Wert des Copolymerisats beträgt 17,4, das Molekulargewicht nach dem Gewichtsmittel 10 000.60 parts of water, 12 parts of maleic anhydride, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide and 116 parts of N- (isopentoxypropyl) monomaleamide are placed in a glass flask equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser and nitrogen inlet, heated to boiling and then boiled within 5 hours with a solution 72 parts of acrylic acid and 72 parts of water are added. Together with the addition of acrylic acid, a solution of 6.7 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide and 2 parts of sodium persulfate in 70 parts of water is metered into the reaction mixture over a total of 6 hours, and the reaction mixture is heated to boiling for a further 1 hour after the addition of the initiator has ended . Then neutralized with 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and allowed to cool the reaction mixture. A clear, reddish-brown viscous solution with a solids content of 44.3% is obtained. The K value of the copolymer is 17.4, the molecular weight by weight average 10,000.
In einem Polymerisationsgefäß, das mit Rührer, Rückflußkühler und Stickstoffeinleitung ausgestattet ist, werden 60 Teile Wasser, 10 Teile Maleinsäureanhydrid, 9 Teile Natriumhydroxid und 134 Teile N-(Tridecyloxypropyl)-monomaleinamid vorgelegt und zum Sieden erhitzt. Sobald die Mischung zu sieden beginnt, gibt man innerhalb von 5 Stunden eine Lösung von 56 Teilen Acrylsäure in 72 Teilen Wasser zu und getrennt davon innerhalb eines Zeitraums von 6 Stunden eine Lösung von 6,7 Teilen 30 %igem Wasserstoffperoxid und 2 Teilen Natriumpersulfat in 70 Teilen Wasser. Das Reaktionsgemisch wird dann noch 1 Stunde zum Sieden erhitzt und dann mit 70 Teilen 50 %iger wäßriger Natronlauge neutralisiert und mit 150 Teilen Wasser verdünnt. Die so erhaltene gelbe, schwachtrübe Lösung hat einen Feststoffgehalt von 31,8 %. Das Copolymerisat hat einen K-Wert von 44,8 und ein Molekulargewicht nach dem Gewichtsmittel von 50 000.60 parts of water, 10 parts of maleic anhydride, 9 parts of sodium hydroxide and 134 parts of N- (tridecyloxypropyl) monomaleamide are placed in a polymerization vessel equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser and nitrogen inlet and heated to boiling. As soon as the mixture begins to boil, a solution of 56 parts of acrylic acid in 72 parts of water is added within 5 hours and a solution of 6.7 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide and 2 parts of sodium persulfate in 70 is separated over a period of 6 hours Share water. The reaction mixture is then heated to boiling for a further hour and then neutralized with 70 parts of 50% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and diluted with 150 parts of water. The yellow, slightly cloudy solution thus obtained has a solids content of 31.8%. The copolymer has a K value of 44.8 and a weight average molecular weight of 50,000.
In einem Kolben, der mit Rückflußkühler, Rührer, Stickstoffeinlaß sowie Dosiervorrichtungen versehen ist, werden 60 Teile Wasser, 20 Teile Maleinsäureanhydrid, 14,7 Teile Natriumhydroxid und 100 Teile N-(n-Butyloxypropyl)-monomaleinamid vorgelegt, darin zum Sieden erhitzt und innerhalb von 5 Stunden mit einer Lösung von 123,7 Teilen Acrylsäure in 72 Teilen Wasser und separat davon innerhalb von 6 Stunden mit einer Lösung von 7,6 Teilen 30 %igem Wasserstoffperoxid und 2 Teilen Natriumpersulfat in 70 Teilen Wasser versetzt. Nach beendeter Initiatorzugabe wird das Reaktionsgemisch noch 1 Stunde zum Sieden erhitzt, anschließend durch Zugabe von 100 Teilen 50 %iger wäßriger Natronlauge neutralisiert. Man erhält eine rötlichbraune, trübe Lösung mit einem Feststoffgehalt von 44,4 %. Das Copolymerisat aus Maleinsäure und Acrylsäure hat einen K-Wert von 20,2 und ein Molekulargewicht (Gewichtsmittel) von 11 000.60 parts of water, 20 parts of maleic anhydride, 14.7 parts of sodium hydroxide and 100 parts of N- (n-butyloxypropyl) monomaleamide are placed in a flask equipped with a reflux condenser, stirrer, nitrogen inlet and metering devices, heated to boiling therein and within 5 hours with a solution of 123.7 parts of acrylic acid in 72 parts of water and separately within 6 hours with a solution of 7.6 parts of 30% hydrogen peroxide and 2 parts of sodium persulfate in 70 parts of water. After the addition of initiator has ended, the reaction mixture is heated to boiling for a further hour, then neutralized by adding 100 parts of 50% strength aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. A reddish-brown, cloudy solution with a solids content of 44.4% is obtained. The copolymer of maleic acid and acrylic acid has a K value of 20.2 and a molecular weight (weight average) of 11,000.
Es werden die aus der Tabelle 3 ersichtlichen Waschmittelformulierungen 1 bis VI hergestellt, bei denen es sich um phosphatreduzierte bzw. im Fall der Formulierung III um eine phosphatfreie Waschmittelformulierung handelt. Die Effekte, die mit diesen Waschmittelformulierungen erzielt werden, sind in den nachfolgenden Tabellen zum Vergleich mit erfindungsgemäßen Formulierungen angegeben. Kombiniert man jedoch die bekannten Formulierungen zusätzlich mit 2 bis 3 Gew.-% der erfindungsgemäß einzusetzenden Additive, z.B. der Additive 1 bis 14, und führt dann Waschversuche mit den so modifizierten Waschmittelformulierungen I bis VI durch, so wird bei der Primärwaschwirkung eine Erhöhung bis zu 7 Punkten für den Weißgrad auf WFK-Schmutzgewebe gemessen, womit die beträchtliche Steigerung der primären Waschwirkung dokumentiert wird. Die gute sekundäre Waschwirkung der modifizierten Waschmittelformulierungen I bis VI wird mit Hilfe der gleichen Versuche belegt, bei denen nämlich nicht angeschmutzte Baumwolle, Baumwolle-Polyester-Gewebe und Polyester-Gewebe nach 5 Wäschen zusammen mit WFK- und EMPA-Gewebe weit weniger angeschmutzt werden, wenn die erfindungsgemäßen Additive in den Waschmittelformulierungen I bis VI enthalten sind.The detergent formulations 1 to VI shown in Table 3 are produced, which are phosphate-reduced or, in the case of formulation III, a phosphate-free detergent formulation. The effects which are achieved with these detergent formulations are given in the tables below for comparison with formulations according to the invention. However, if the known formulations are additionally combined with 2 to 3% by weight of the additives to be used according to the invention, for example additives 1 to 14, and then washing tests are carried out with the detergent formulations I to VI modified in this way, for example, an increase of up to 7 points for the whiteness of WFK dirty fabric is measured for the primary washing effect, which documents the considerable increase in the primary washing effect. The good secondary washing action of the modified detergent formulations I to VI is demonstrated with the help of the same tests, in which cotton, cotton-polyester fabric and polyester fabric which are not soiled are soiled after 5 washes together with WFK and EMPA fabrics, if the additives according to the invention are contained in the detergent formulations I to VI.
Die Waschmittelformulierungen I bis VI sind in Tabelle 3 angegeben.
Prüfgewebe:
Anstelle der beiden Schmutzgewebe kann auch das EMPA-Schmutzgewebe 101 der Eidgenössischen Materialprüfungsanstalt in St. Gallen/Schweiz oder das WFK-Schmutzgewebe 10 D verwendet werden.Instead of the two dirty fabrics, the EMPA dirty fabric 101 from the Swiss Federal Laboratory for Materials Testing in St. Gallen / Switzerland or the WFK dirty fabric 10 D can also be used.
Die Schmutzgewebelappen wurden nach jeder Wäsche gemessen und durch frische ersetzt. Die Vergrauung der drei Testgewebe wurde nach der 5. Wäsche durch Messung der Remission bestimmt. Der Weißgrad des ungewaschenen WFK-Gewebes 10 C betrug 40, der Weißgrad des ungewaschenen WFK-Gewebe 10 D betrug 42,5, der Weißgrad des ungewaschen en Pigmentschmutzgewebes betrug 30, der Weißgrad des ungewaschenen EMPA-Gewebes 101 betrug 17,5.The dirt cloth rags were measured after each wash and replaced with fresh ones. The graying of the three test fabrics was determined after the 5th wash by measuring the reflectance. The whiteness of the unwashed WFK fabric 10 C was 40, the whiteness of the unwashed WFK fabric 10 D was 42.5, the whiteness of the unwashed pigment dirt fabric was 30, the whiteness of the unwashed EMPA fabric 101 was 17.5.
Tabelle 4 zeigt die verschiedene Wirkung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Additive bei Anwendung der Waschmittelformulierung IV und verschiedener Schmutzgewebe.Table 4 shows the different effects of the additives to be used according to the invention when using the detergent formulation IV and various soiling fabrics.
Tabelle 5 zeigt die Wirkung des Additivs 3 bei den Waschmittelformulierungen I-III, V und VI unter Verwendung der Schmutzgewebekombination WFK 1O C/Pigmentschmutzgewebe.
Claims (14)
R = C₈- bis C₁₈-Alkyl oder R₁-O-CH₂-(CH₂)n-
n = 1 bis 3,
R¹ = C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl,
R², R³ = H, C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl und
m = 1 bis 3
bedeuten,
neutralisiert sind und/oder zu 5 bis 50 % als Amide vorliegen, die sich von primären und sekundären Aminen der Formel I ableiten, als vergrauungsinhibierender und die Primärwaschwirkung fördernder Zusatz zu Waschmitteln und Reinigungsmitteln in einer Menge, jeweils bezogen auf die Feststoffe, von 0,5 bis 10 Gew.-%.with a molecular weight (weight average) of the homopolymers and copolymers for the free acids from 5,000 to 500,000, in neutralized or amidated form, the carboxyl groups of the homopolymers and copolymers in each case partially or completely with amines of the formula
R = C₈ to C₁₈ alkyl or R₁-O-CH₂- (CH₂) n -
n = 1 to 3,
R¹ = C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl,
R², R³ = H, C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl and
m = 1 to 3
mean,
are neutralized and / or 5 to 50% are present as amides derived from primary and secondary amines of the formula I, as a graying-inhibiting additive to detergents and cleaning agents which promotes the primary washing action, in an amount, based in each case on the solids, of 0, 5 to 10% by weight.
R = C₈- bis C₁₈-Alkyl oder R¹-O-CH₂-(CH₂)n-
n = 1 bis 3,
R¹ = C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl,
R², R³ = H, C₁- bis C₁₈-Alkyl und
m = 1 bis 3
bedeuten,
neutralisiert sind und/oder zu 5 bis 50 % als Amide vorliegen, die sich von primären und sekundären Aminen der Formel I ableiten.with a molecular weight (weight average) of the homopolymers and copolymers for the free acids from 5,000 to 500,000, in neutralized or amidated form, the carboxyl groups of the homopolymers and copolymers in each case partially or completely with amines of the formula
R = C₈ to C₁₈ alkyl or R¹-O-CH₂- (CH₂) n -
n = 1 to 3,
R¹ = C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl,
R², R³ = H, C₁ to C₁₈ alkyl and
m = 1 to 3
mean,
are neutralized and / or 5 to 50% are present as amides which are derived from primary and secondary amines of the formula I.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86110543T ATE46716T1 (en) | 1985-08-08 | 1986-07-30 | USE OF POLYMERISATS CONTAINING NEUTRALIZED AND/OR AMIDATED CARBOXYL GROUPS IN DETERGENTS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853528460 DE3528460A1 (en) | 1985-08-08 | 1985-08-08 | USE OF NEUTRALIZED AND AMIDATED CARBOXYL GROUPS OF POLYMERISATES AS ADDITION TO DETERGENTS AND CLEANING AGENTS |
DE3528460 | 1985-08-08 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0215251A2 true EP0215251A2 (en) | 1987-03-25 |
EP0215251A3 EP0215251A3 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
EP0215251B1 EP0215251B1 (en) | 1989-09-27 |
Family
ID=6278021
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP86110543A Expired EP0215251B1 (en) | 1985-08-08 | 1986-07-30 | Use in detergents of neutralised and/or amidised polymers containing carboxyl groups |
Country Status (7)
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US (1) | US4702858A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0215251B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS6234996A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE46716T1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1265019A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3528460A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2001072A6 (en) |
Cited By (2)
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EP0368214A2 (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-05-16 | BASF Aktiengesellschaft | Use of partially esterified copolymers in liquid detergent compositions |
EP0442191A1 (en) * | 1990-02-16 | 1991-08-21 | Rohm And Haas Company | Liquid cleaning compositions containing water-soluble polymer |
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US4746455A (en) * | 1986-06-27 | 1988-05-24 | Kao Corporation | Liquid detergent composition for clothing articles |
DE3708451A1 (en) * | 1987-03-16 | 1988-10-06 | Henkel Kgaa | ZWITTERIONIC POLYMERS AND THEIR USE IN HAIR TREATMENT AGENTS |
GB8708312D0 (en) * | 1987-04-07 | 1987-05-13 | Unilever Plc | Detergent powder composition |
DE3715051A1 (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1988-11-17 | Degussa | PHOSPHATE-FREE DETERGENT BUILDER |
DE3716543A1 (en) * | 1987-05-16 | 1988-11-24 | Basf Ag | USE OF WATER-SOLUBLE COPOLYMERS, WHICH CONTAIN MONOMERS WITH AT LEAST TWO ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED DOUBLE BINDINGS IN DETERGENT AND CLEANING AGENTS |
DE3716544A1 (en) * | 1987-05-16 | 1988-11-24 | Basf Ag | USE OF WATER-SOLUBLE COPOLYMERS, WHICH CONTAIN MONOMERS WITH AT LEAST TWO ETHYLENICALLY UNSATURATED DOUBLE BINDINGS IN DETERGENT AND CLEANING AGENTS |
GB8918575D0 (en) * | 1989-08-15 | 1989-09-27 | Unilever Plc | Liquid detergent composition |
US5409629A (en) * | 1991-07-19 | 1995-04-25 | Rohm And Haas Company | Use of acrylic acid/ethyl acrylate copolymers for enhanced clay soil removal in liquid laundry detergents |
FR2693127B1 (en) * | 1992-07-01 | 1994-08-26 | Coatex Sas | Stable aqueous suspensions of zeolites, processes for obtaining them and their uses. |
WO1994005769A1 (en) * | 1992-09-01 | 1994-03-17 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid or gel dishwashing detergent containing alkyl ethoxy carboxylate, divalent ions and alkylpolyethoxypolycarboxylate |
DE4313908A1 (en) * | 1993-04-28 | 1994-11-03 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Water-softening formulations |
DE4326129A1 (en) * | 1993-08-04 | 1995-02-09 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | detergent formulations |
DE19534847A1 (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-03-27 | Basf Ag | Use of polycarboxylic acid halamides as an additive to detergents and cleaning agents |
US6126757A (en) * | 1998-03-16 | 2000-10-03 | Chemtek, Inc. | Method of releasing asphalt from equipment using surfactant solutions |
US9221967B2 (en) * | 2009-12-02 | 2015-12-29 | Huntsman Petrochemical Llc | Preparation and use of polymeric dispersant compositions |
US9279097B1 (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2016-03-08 | Ecolab USA, Inc. | Polymers for industrial laundry detergents |
EP3196284B1 (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2018-06-13 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA | Removal of anti-transpirant contamination |
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-
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- 1985-08-08 DE DE19853528460 patent/DE3528460A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-07-24 CA CA000514584A patent/CA1265019A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-07-24 US US06/888,957 patent/US4702858A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-07-30 AT AT86110543T patent/ATE46716T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-07-30 EP EP86110543A patent/EP0215251B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-07-30 DE DE8686110543T patent/DE3665883D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-08-04 JP JP61182066A patent/JPS6234996A/en active Pending
- 1986-08-07 ES ES8600935A patent/ES2001072A6/en not_active Expired
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EP0368214A3 (en) * | 1988-11-10 | 1990-11-07 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Use of partially esterified copolymers in liquid detergent compositions |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0215251B1 (en) | 1989-09-27 |
EP0215251A3 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
CA1265019A (en) | 1990-01-30 |
JPS6234996A (en) | 1987-02-14 |
ATE46716T1 (en) | 1989-10-15 |
DE3528460A1 (en) | 1987-02-19 |
DE3665883D1 (en) | 1989-11-02 |
ES2001072A6 (en) | 1988-04-16 |
US4702858A (en) | 1987-10-27 |
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