EP0214524B1 - Brick or paving stone of concrete or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

Brick or paving stone (10) of concrete or the like, with a plurality of mutually spaced sound-absorbing recesses (12) formed on at least one side, and an arrangement of such bricks or stones on at least one surface (21) of a plane or curved, preferably reinforced concrete or such like slab (22), to form a unitary wall element (23). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like (stone) according to the preamble of claim 1, and an arrangement of such stones to form a surface covering, a wall or a wall.

From DE-U-85 11 785 a wall element of a noise barrier is known, the surface of which has on one side several rows with successive ridges and valleys. Between two such rows of depressions and elevations, continuous ribs are arranged perpendicular to the entire band element. Because of these ribs, approximately half the surface of the known wall element is relatively uniform. As is known, with increasing "fissuring" of the top of a surface cladding, wall or wall whose soundproofing capacity increases, the soundproofing property of the wall element known from DE-U-85 11 785 is severely limited due to the continuous ribs between the individual rows of depressions and elevations.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a stone which, due to the special design of at least one surface, has good sound-absorbing properties. Furthermore, it is a question of creating a sound-absorbing wall element formed from stones designed according to the invention or a corresponding masonry.

A stone for solving this problem is characterized in that ridges which are distributed in a grid-like manner and which protrude beyond the reference surface are also arranged between adjacent recesses in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Due to the grid-like arrangement of both the depressions and the elevations, the stone according to the invention has a checkerboard-like surface which ensures particularly good introduction of the sound energy into the stone, in particular the depressions. The sound is converted into heat and broken down.

Also of importance for sound absorption is the wounding of a fine-pored, in particular open-pored material, for example light-weight concrete with high pores, for the production of the stone. As a result, the sound, after it has been introduced into the depressions, is passed on to the pores and is particularly effectively absorbed therein.

Advantageous arrangements of the stones designed according to the invention can be found in claims 9 to 15. These relate to the formation of a wall element and self-supporting or non-load-bearing masonry.

• Fig. 1 einen Mauerwerk- oder Pflasterstein aus Beton oder dergleichen in einer Draufsicht;
• Fig. 2 den Stein gemäß Fig. 1 im Schnitt längs der Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 den Stein gemäß Fig. 1 im Schnitt, jedoch längs der Linie 111-111 in Fig. 1;
• Fig. 4 ein Wandelement, bestehend aus einer Anordnung von Steinen gemäß der Fig. 1;
• Fig. 5 das Wandelement gemäß Fig. 4 im Querschnitt;
• Fig. 6 ein Wandelement entsprechend Fig. 4 im Schnitt, jedoch in gewölbter Ausführung;
• Fig. 7 ein selbsttragendes Mauerwerk aus einer Anordnung von Steinen gemäß Fig. 1;
• Fig. 8 ein gegenüber der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 7 abgewandeltes Mauerwerk aus einer Anordnung von Steinen gemäß Fig. 1.

Various embodiments of the stone according to the invention and an arrangement of stones to form a wall element or masonry are explained in more detail below with reference to the attached drawing. In these goats:

• Figure 1 shows a masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like in a plan view.
• Figure 2 shows the stone of Figure 1 in section along the line 11-11 in Fig. 1.
• 3 shows the stone according to FIG. 1 in section, but along the line 111-111 in FIG. 1;
• 4 shows a wall element consisting of an arrangement of stones according to FIG. 1;
• 5 shows the wall element according to FIG. 4 in cross section;
• 6 shows a wall element corresponding to FIG. 4 in section, but in a curved design;
• 7 shows a self-supporting masonry made of an arrangement of stones according to FIG. 1;
• 8 a masonry modified from the embodiment according to FIG. 7 from an arrangement of stones according to FIG. 1.

A masonry or paving stone made of concrete or the like (stone 10) is designed according to FIGS. 1 to 3 in the manner of a stone slab with a square outline in plan view. A plurality of sound-absorbing depressions 12 are arranged on a flat side 11 of the stone 10 thus formed. The recesses 12 are arranged according to a predetermined pattern or grid, namely in the longitudinal and transverse directions at equal distances from one another. As an alternative to this chessboard-like grid, other shapes are of course also possible, for example rows of depressions offset from one another or depressions 12 arranged concentrically or spirally.

The depressions 12 themselves are each conical, with a square cross section in plan view. The side surfaces 13 delimiting the depression are designed to diverge outwards in the interior of the stone. This simplifies the manufacture of the stone 10 as a concrete molding, since there are no undercuts and the stone can be easily removed from a two-part form of a conventional structure. The cross section of the depressions 12 can also be round, triangular, star-shaped, rectangular or any polygon in plan view.

The depressions 12 are surrounded by a peripheral edge 14 which extends at the level of a reference surface 15.

An elevation 16 projecting beyond the reference surface 15 is formed between each two adjacent depressions 12. Furthermore, between adjacent rows A, B, C, D and E, F, G, H of longitudinally and transversely extending rows of alternately formed depressions 12 and elevations 16 is a row 100, 102, 104 and 106, respectively. 108, 110 of alternately formed elevations 16 and reference surface areas 17. The reference surface regions 17 are surface regions which extend in the reference surface 15 and are delimited laterally in each case by the elevations 16. In a corresponding manner, the depressions 12 are laterally through each Elevations 16 limited, with the exception of the recesses arranged on the edge. The elevations 16 and the reference surface areas 17 also each have a square cross section in plan view. The side surfaces 13 of the depressions 12 are simultaneously the side surfaces of the elevations 16 which extend beyond the reference surface 15.

The top 18 of the elevations 16 and the bottom 19 of the recesses 12 are each formed as flat square surfaces. However, they can also be spherical, conical or the like. The ratio of the thickness of the stone 10: the distance from the top 18 to the bottom 19 is 3: 2 and the ratio of the edge length of the stone 10: the inside width of the depression 12 (measured at the top edge, between two top sides 18) is 7: 1. The taper of the depressions is the ratio of the inside width of the recess 12 (measured at the top edge, between two top sides 18): the width of the recess 12 (measured at the bottom 19) and is 2.6: 1.

The stone 10 is made of a fine-pore, in particular open-pore material, such as light-weight concrete with a high number of pores. The open-pore lightweight concrete in conjunction with the depressions 12 has a particularly good sound-absorbing and sound-absorbing effect, as already explained at the beginning.

4, 5 and 6 show an arrangement 20 of stones 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 on the surface 21 of a flat or curved (FIG. 6), preferably reinforced, concrete slab 22. The wall element 23 thus formed is a finished part versatile and inexpensive to use. To produce the wall element 23, the stones 10 are laid and bound in fresh concrete on the surface 21 of the concrete slab 22. The stones 10 are preferably arranged sunk in the concrete slab 22 with respect to an outer peripheral edge 24. The upper part of the peripheral edge 24 in the upright position of the wall element 23 can be formed as a cornice 25 and the opposite lower part of the peripheral edge as a support 26, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The peripheral edge 24 has a strength-increasing function for the wall element 23 and has an advantageous effect in production, since the stones 10 can be laid directly against the inner edge 27 of the peripheral edge 24. The cornice 25 also serves as weather protection for the stones 10. It specifically drains the rainwater. The support 26 is preferably of reinforced design since it bears the total weight of the wall element 23. The peripheral edge 24 has an approximately rectangular cross section. It can thus be positively inserted between two supports, in particular double-T beams, so that any number of wall elements 23 can be set up simply and quickly using as many double-T beams with the formation of a sound-absorbing boundary wall or the like. The wall element 23 can also be designed to be sound-absorbing on two sides, specifically by arranging stones 10 not only on one surface 21 but also on the opposite surface. For this purpose, the peripheral edge 24, in particular, however, the support 26 and the cornice 25, are correspondingly widened. When inserting the wall elements 23 into double-T beams, double-T beams with a correspondingly larger cross-sectional profile must then also be used.

The plate 22 can be made of a material other than concrete, for example plastic or the like.

7 and 8, an arrangement of stones 10 can also be carried out as a self-supporting, essentially upright, masonry 28, which is preferably erected on a foundation 29 made of concrete, plastic, wood, steel or the like. The stones 10 are arranged within the masonry 28 to form vertical rows 30, the stones 10 of adjacent rows 30 each being offset from one another. However, an embodiment of the masonry 28 is also conceivable, in which the stones 10 are arranged, for example, in mutually offset horizontal rows or in the transverse and longitudinal directions without being offset from one another. The upper edge of the masonry is formed by an end strip 31 made of concrete or the like. If the masonry is erected on a slope, the foundation 29 and the end strip 31 are linear in accordance with the slope (FIG. 7), or else the foundation and the lower boundary 32 of the end strip 31 are stepped. Conversely, the upper limit of the end strip can of course also be stepped and the lower limit of the foundation can be straight.

In a further embodiment, not shown here, the stones 10 can be laid as a supplement to any other masonry, in particular as a formwork, for example inner wall formwork, preferably with the formation of a double-layer masonry.

• Frosttausalzbeständig durch Einsatz von LP und niedrigen W/Z unter 0,4
• Feuerfest, nicht brennbar, witterungs- und alterungsbeständig.

The stone 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and the wall element 23 according to FIGS. 4 to 6 have the following technical data:

• Resistant to de-icing salt thanks to the use of LP and low W / Z below 0.4
• Fireproof, non-flammable, weather and aging resistant.

Claims (15)

1. Masonary or paving block of concrete or the like (block 10), a plurality of recesses (12) being provided in at least one surface, which forms a reference surface (15), of the block (10), which recesses (12) are arranged in each case at equal distances from one another in the longitudinal and transverse direction according to a predetermined grid, act in a sound-absorbing manner and are designed in such a way so as to divert from inside to outside, characterized in that prominences (16) which are likewise arranged in grid shape and project beyond the surface are arranged between recesses (12) adjacent in each case in the longitudinal and transverse direction.

2. Block (10) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the recesses (12) have a square cross-section in plan view.

3. Block (10) according to Cluims 1 and 2, characterized in that the recesses (12) are designed to be of different depth, in particular in such a way that the depth, starting from the margin of the block, increases or decreases to the inside.

4. Block (10) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by a peripheral margin (14) which surrounds the recesses (12) and prominences (16) and which extends above or below, preferably approximately at the level of the reference surface (15).

5. Block (10) according to Claim 4, characterized in that in each case a row of prominences (16) and reference surface areas (17) formed in an alternating manner is arranged between adjacent rows, extending in the longitudinal and transverse direction, of alternating recesses (12) and prominences (16).

6. Block (10) according to Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the lateral surfaces (13) defining the recesses (12) are continued into the area of the adjoining prominences (16).

7. Block (10) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is made of fine-pored, in particular open-pored material such as lightweight porous-aggregate concrete.

8. Block (10) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that its outer peripheral margin (14) in plan view defines a square, rectangle, triangle, a circle or the like.

9. Arrangement (20) of blocks (10) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, at least one surface (21) of a flat or arched, preferably reinforced panel (22) of concrete or the like with a uniform flow element (23) being formed.

10. Arrangement (20) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the blocks (10) are arranged, preferably bonded in place, in the concrete or such like panel (22) in such a way as to be sunk relative to an outer peripheral margin (24), one margin being facultatively designed as a cornice (25) and the opposite margin as a support (26).

11. Arrangement (20) according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that it can be inserted in a positive- locking manner between two columns, in particular H-beams.

12. Arrangement (20) of blocks (10) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the blocks (10) are arranged on a foundation (29) of concrete or the like with self-supporting, essentially upright masonry (28) being formed, the upper margin of the masonry facultatively being formed by a cover strip (31) of concrete or the like.

13. Arrangement (20) according to Claim 12, characterized in that the blocks (10) are arranged inside the masonry (28) with perpendicular rows (30) being formed, the blocks (10) of adjacent rows (30) in each case lying offset relative to one another.

14. Arrangement (20) according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the foundation (29) of the masonry (28) is of a stepped design in the longitudinal direction of the same, and in that the lower boundary (32) of the upper cover strip (31) runs in a correspondingly stepped manner.

15. Arrangement (20) of blocks (10) according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it can be laid as cladding, in particular inner-wall cladding, preferably with two-leaf masonry being formed.

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