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EP0210960A2 - Rotationsbrennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Rotationsbrennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0210960A2
EP0210960A2 EP86830194A EP86830194A EP0210960A2 EP 0210960 A2 EP0210960 A2 EP 0210960A2 EP 86830194 A EP86830194 A EP 86830194A EP 86830194 A EP86830194 A EP 86830194A EP 0210960 A2 EP0210960 A2 EP 0210960A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
piston
engine
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86830194A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0210960A3 (de
Inventor
Roberto Saligeri Zucchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0210960A2 publication Critical patent/EP0210960A2/de
Publication of EP0210960A3 publication Critical patent/EP0210960A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B57/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary engines in which the combusted gases displace one or more reciprocating pistons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary internal combustion engine.
  • Conventional internal combustion engines comprise at least one cylinder in which a piston is linearly movable with reciprocating motion, which piston is connected, by means of a connecting rod, to a crank shaft of conventional crank shape.
  • This configuration whilst being universally adopted, has the disadvantage of generating unbalanced reciprocating forces and has a large numer of moving parts.
  • the present invention seeks to overcome the above indicated disadvantages by providing a rotary internal combustion engine which benefits from the absence of unbalanced forces, has relatively few moving parts, and is of very small dimensions and low weight, without having any need for components the shape of which is difficult to manufacture.
  • the invention also seeks to provide a rotary internal combustion engine in which the mechanism is charact­erised by having a stationary overall centre of gravity.
  • a rotary internal combustion engine made in accordance with the principles of the present invention has particular constructional characteristics which enable it to offer the widest guarantees of reliability and security in use.
  • a rotary internal combustion engine is characterised by the fact that it comprises at least one double piston sealingly movable within the interior of a cylinder, the said double piston being reciprocable in the said cylinder and connected via an eccentric to a drive shaft such that the drive shaft rotates twice for each complete stroke of the said double piston.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing a rotary internal combustion engine which can be made easily using component parts and working operations which are common in the motor industry, such as cylinders, pistons, piston rings, cylinder heads which, of course, is advantageous from an economic point of view.
  • a first gear is keyed onto the engine drive shaft, the first gear meshing with a second gear, having inwardly directed teeth, rigidly connected to the cylinder, the first gear having a diameter equal to the radius of the second gear, and the said gears having respective axes separated by a distance equal to one quarter of the total stroke of the piston.
  • the said cylinder is rotatable coaxially with respect to a fixed casing of the engine.
  • the engine illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 is constituted, from a theoretical point of view, as an internal combustion or heat engine, having a construction in which a double piston performs the working cycle within a cylinder which rotates about an axis transversely of its length within a fixed outer body or casing, and the volume variations are obtainable from the reciprocating motion of the piston within the cylinder.
  • the linear movement of the piston is converted into rotary motion of the engines output shaft by an eccentric gear arrangement which will be described in more detail below.
  • the engine shaft is driven to rotate at twice the speed of the cylinder as will be described in more detail below.
  • the piston performs the various phases of the working cycle and its kinetic characteristics, with respect to the cylinder, are similar to those of a conventional reciprocating piston heat engine.
  • the engine of the invention can easily be designed to run with an Otto cycle or with a Diesel cycle and may be formed as a four stroke or a two stroke engine to burn any type of fuel delivered by any type of fuel supply system (carburettor, fuel injection etc.) and may have any number of cylinders as required.
  • the engine of the invention may easily be used as a volumetric pump by applying drive to the output shaft and operating the valves appropriately: this is true of most positive-displacement engines.
  • the double piston of the engine of the present invention must move within the cylinder along the longitudinal axis thereof, and to restrict the forces of friction of the piston against the cylinder walls, the arrangement must be such that the two bodies (piston and cylinder) one within the other, both rotate in the same direction about fixed axes parallel to one another and at a distance equal to one quarter of the total piston stroke, whilst the angular velocity of one must be twice that of the other; the "throw" of the crank of the crank shaft or eccentric must, also, be of a length equal to one quarter of the stroke of the double piston in the cylinder.
  • Trochoids are the curves followed by each point on a circle rolling, without slip on a fixed line or circle. Any point in the plane of the rolling circle describes a curve called a trochoid. If the point considered is located on the rolling circle and this circle rolls on the inside of a circle the curve described is called a hypocycloid.
  • the operating principle of the engine of the present invention is that the transformation of the recipro­cating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the engine shaft can be based on the fact that if the rolling circle rolls internally of a fixed circle and has a diameter equal to the radius of the fixed outer circle, the hypocycloid described coincides with a diameter of the outer circle. This diameter represents the locus of the successive positions of the piston over the entire stroke, and the radius of the rolling circle thus represents the length of the effective crank arm of the engine itself.
  • the engine of the invention in a manner similar to conventional reciprocating piston engines, transforms the rectilinear reciprocating motion of the piston into rotary motion of the engine shaft but, differently from conventional engines, does not transmit the thrust of the expanding gas from the piston to the engine shaft via a connecting rod, but directly from the piston to the engine shaft itself in a manner which will be described in more detail hereinbelow.
  • the fixed point on the smaller, rolling circle represents the axis of rotation of the piston
  • the smaller, rolling circle itself represents the primitive circle of a gear positioned on the engine shaft
  • the larger, fixed circle represents the primitive circle of a gear rigidly connected to the cylinder.
  • the engine constituting the subject of the present invention can be made in various different practical arrangements (which are, however, conceptually analogous) with a simple kinetic transformation relating to the development of the motion, that is to say by holding the centres of the two circles fixed and making the circles rotate, or by holding fixed the circumference of the larger circle and making the smaller circle rotate.
  • Figures from 7 to 12 illustrate a practical embodiment of the first arrangement, that is to say an arrangement in which the cylinder and piston both rotate.
  • the embodiment shown is designed to operate with a two stroke Otto cycle although, obviously, the basic considerations of engine design apply equally to a four stroke engine or to one in which the second arrangement with a fixed cylinder is utilised.
  • the engine constituting the subject of the invention substantially comprises an outer fixed casing indicated 1, which rotatably supports a cylinder body 2 which has an interior cavity with a cylindrical wall 3. At each end of the cylinder there are provided respective spark plugs 4. Within the cylinder 3 there is a movable double piston capable of reciprocating motion.
  • the double piston is composed of two oppositely facing piston crowns 5, which are provided with piston rings in the normal way in a sealing zone 6, and by a piston body 7 which connects the piston crowns 5.
  • a crank pin 10 In the median portion of the piston body 7 engages a crank pin 10 which is eccentrically supported by a crank shaft 11.
  • crank shaft 11 Keyed on the crank shaft 11 there is an externally toothed pinion 12 which meshes with an inner toothing 13 defined on the body of the cylinder 2.
  • the body of the cylinder 2 defines induction ports 20 and exhaust ports 21.
  • Figure 11 represents the same engine slightly later in the cycle. Now the upper chamber 41 has moved to become the right hand chamber in the right hand part of the cylinder, and here the expansion phase continues whilst the pre-compression phase continues on the other side of this end of the piston in the chamber 42. In the left part of the cylinder the induction and compression phases continue respectively in the chambers 43 and 44.
  • Figure 12 illustrates the position when the engine has come almost to the end of the working cycle.
  • the upper chamber 44 has reached the end of compression and is ready for ignition whilst on the other side of this end of the double piston, in the lower chamber 43, the induction phase is complete.
  • the pre-compression phase has come to an end and, in the lower chamber 41, the expansion phase has finished and exhausting has commenced.
  • the double piston is substantially constituted by two counterposed piston crowns of a reciprocating engine, connected by a central body in the centre of which rotates the crank pin of the crankshaft.
  • the piston has been designed with the pumping zone also in the region of the piston body so that the induction of active gases and the subsequent washing are obtained in this region.
  • the piston body slides within the cylinder and rotates at the same time as performing its rectilinear motion, so that the compound motion is a planetary one.
  • those operating phases take place which in a two stroke engine of conventional form take place in the crank case chamber.
  • the planetary movement of the piston results from the composition of the relative movement of rotation about its axis and the "tied" movement which this latter performs about the axis of the cylinder.
  • the displacement of the piston with respect to the cylinder is equal to that of a reciprocating engine having a connecting rod of infinite length with all the positive results deriving from such a linkage, in particular an avoidance of the tendency in a conven­tional reciprocating piston engine for the connecting rod to apply lateral forces tending to rock the piston and increase the frictional forces between the piston and cylinder.
  • an aspect which distinguishes the engine forming the subject of the invention is the absence of such reciprocating inertia forces of the second order; for this reason, in the engine forming the subject of the invention, there is only the problem of balancing the inertia forces of the first order and these are resolved at the level of the static and dynamic balancing of a crank shaft of a reciprocating engine.
  • the problems tied to the reciprocating forces of the second order, and the component of force exerted thereby on the piston laterally against the walls of the cylinder permit an optimum realisation of the stroke/diameter ratio, as well as the possibility of a high speed of rotation.
  • the cylinder turns axially, with respect to the outer casing 1, and carries the gears for transmission of the rotary motion from a crank shaft gear.
  • the cylinder gear has a primitive circle with a diameter twice that of the crank shaft gear.
  • At the end of the cylinder there are formed two cylinder heads which can be similar to those used in conventional engines.
  • the supply of fuel and exhaust of combustion products takes place by means of openings formed in the cylinder in the zone of contact with the casing. These openings are covered and uncovered by the angular displacement of the cylinder with respect to the casing, which supports both the carburettor and the exhaust manifold.
  • a distribution of rotary type obtaining in a simple manner the most appropriate diagram of distribution.
  • the induction duct is provided in the central part of the engine in order to exploit the centrifugal effect on the fuel charge caused by the outward motion of the piston, and to emphasise the direct current towards the discharge openings created by the departing combustion gases, thus obtaining an improved filling of the cylinder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
EP86830194A 1985-07-26 1986-07-08 Rotationsbrennkraftmaschine Withdrawn EP0210960A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT2172785 1985-07-26
IT21727/85A IT1185311B (it) 1985-07-26 1985-07-26 Motore rotativo a combustione interna

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0210960A2 true EP0210960A2 (de) 1987-02-04
EP0210960A3 EP0210960A3 (de) 1987-09-30

Family

ID=11186012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86830194A Withdrawn EP0210960A3 (de) 1985-07-26 1986-07-08 Rotationsbrennkraftmaschine

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0210960A3 (de)
IT (1) IT1185311B (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2706532A1 (fr) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-23 Coulmeau Roger Moteur à explosion turbine rotative quatre temps à piston pendulaire et mouvements inversés.
WO1998023850A1 (es) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-04 Sanchez, Santiago Un motor rotativo a combustion interna
WO1998030792A1 (en) * 1997-01-06 1998-07-16 Farrington Michael C R Orbital internal combustion engine
CN1053259C (zh) * 1994-11-08 2000-06-07 缪东云 对旋式气缸发动机
US6148775A (en) * 1995-09-15 2000-11-21 Farrington; Michael C. R. Orbital internal combustion engine
CN109667664A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-23 张子生 直体主轴连体活塞内燃机

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT31482B (de) * 1907-03-07 1908-01-25 Max Bucherer Kraftmaschine mit kreisenden Zylindern.
AT58760B (de) * 1912-03-28 1913-04-25 G A Braeuer & Co Werkzeugmasch Zweitaktexplosionskraftmaschine mit steuerndem Kolben und mit vier oder mehreren in gerader Anzahl radial zur Welle angeordneten Zylindern.
FR955226A (de) * 1950-01-11
FR1434275A (fr) * 1965-02-22 1966-04-08 Mécanisme de transformation de mouvement, adaptable aux machines à pistons
DE2128066A1 (de) * 1971-03-03 1972-12-14 Visconti, Luigi, Nizza Monferrato, Asti (Italien) Gegenkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE3001094A1 (de) * 1980-01-14 1981-07-16 Walter 7000 Stuttgart Schulz Hubkolbenstangenantrieb mit gekoppelter teilkreisachse am planetenzahnrad

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR955226A (de) * 1950-01-11
AT31482B (de) * 1907-03-07 1908-01-25 Max Bucherer Kraftmaschine mit kreisenden Zylindern.
AT58760B (de) * 1912-03-28 1913-04-25 G A Braeuer & Co Werkzeugmasch Zweitaktexplosionskraftmaschine mit steuerndem Kolben und mit vier oder mehreren in gerader Anzahl radial zur Welle angeordneten Zylindern.
FR1434275A (fr) * 1965-02-22 1966-04-08 Mécanisme de transformation de mouvement, adaptable aux machines à pistons
DE2128066A1 (de) * 1971-03-03 1972-12-14 Visconti, Luigi, Nizza Monferrato, Asti (Italien) Gegenkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
DE3001094A1 (de) * 1980-01-14 1981-07-16 Walter 7000 Stuttgart Schulz Hubkolbenstangenantrieb mit gekoppelter teilkreisachse am planetenzahnrad

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2706532A1 (fr) * 1993-06-17 1994-12-23 Coulmeau Roger Moteur à explosion turbine rotative quatre temps à piston pendulaire et mouvements inversés.
CN1053259C (zh) * 1994-11-08 2000-06-07 缪东云 对旋式气缸发动机
US6148775A (en) * 1995-09-15 2000-11-21 Farrington; Michael C. R. Orbital internal combustion engine
WO1998023850A1 (es) * 1996-11-25 1998-06-04 Sanchez, Santiago Un motor rotativo a combustion interna
WO1998030792A1 (en) * 1997-01-06 1998-07-16 Farrington Michael C R Orbital internal combustion engine
CN109667664A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-04-23 张子生 直体主轴连体活塞内燃机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1185311B (it) 1987-11-12
IT8521727A0 (it) 1985-07-26
EP0210960A3 (de) 1987-09-30

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