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EP0206032B1 - Electrolyser with a diaphragm electrode sandwich assembly, and assembling apparatus suited therefor - Google Patents

Electrolyser with a diaphragm electrode sandwich assembly, and assembling apparatus suited therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0206032B1
EP0206032B1 EP86107650A EP86107650A EP0206032B1 EP 0206032 B1 EP0206032 B1 EP 0206032B1 EP 86107650 A EP86107650 A EP 86107650A EP 86107650 A EP86107650 A EP 86107650A EP 0206032 B1 EP0206032 B1 EP 0206032B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
diaphragm
rollers
bar
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP86107650A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0206032A1 (en
Inventor
Jiri Dr. Divisek
Peter Dr. Malinowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Original Assignee
Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH
Kernforschungsanlage Juelich GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B13/00—Diaphragms; Spacing elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolyzer with a diaphragm-electrode sandwich arrangement with a dimensionally stable, electrically insulating diaphragm and electrolyte- and gas-permeable electrodes, and to a suitable mounting device.
  • Electrolysers consist of one or more electrolytic cells combined to form a cell block.
  • the individual cell is formed by boundary plates or (bipolar) separating plates which delimit an electrolysis chamber which is separated by a diaphragm in the anode and cathode chambers.
  • Anode and cathode can be sandwiched on the diaphragm, provided that it is not itself electrically conductive. Usually, however, there is a distance of about 1 to 3 mm from the diaphragm.
  • Electrolysers for alkaline electrolysis, in particular water electrolysis, are currently of particular technical interest and are therefore referred to particularly in the present description.
  • the applicant has developed a sandwich arrangement made of a porous, electrically non-conductive oxide diaphragm and active electrodes lying on both sides (DE-OSen 2927566, 30 31 064 and 3318 758), which is intended to serve as a special example to explain the invention.
  • Such nickel oxide-based diaphragms have excellent chemical resistance in hot lye, excellent separating properties with regard to product gases (0 2 and H 2 in water electrolysis) and electrically insulating properties that allow direct contact of the electrodes with the diaphragm ("zero distance").
  • the entire cell system including its periphery must therefore be very corrosion-resistant: Otherwise, corrosion products would either deposit cathodically as metals or anodically as oxide hydrates and pass from the electrodes into the diaphragm and clog it, or even lead to short circuits. In practice, however, it is very difficult or at least very expensive to maintain a corrosion-free state.
  • the plastic threads must of course be stable under electrolysis conditions and consist in particular of polytetrafluoroethylene or other suitable resistant plastic materials, such as. B. Polysulfone.
  • the course in the direction of gas discharge can prevent the formation of permanently blocking gas cushions between the diaphragm and the electrodes, which can impair the economical operation of the electrolyzer.
  • the way of attaching the threads, which run in the gas discharge direction can in principle be achieved in any way, since the contact with the adjacent elements (diaphragm and electrodes) ensures that the arrangement which has been achieved once remains.
  • the thread ends can be clamped in such a groove by means of a thin wire or wire ring.
  • the threads 4 run in the direction of gas discharge, so that the gas formed on the front side of the electrode can escape unhindered to the gas manifold of the electrolyzer without gas cushions being formed.
  • Such plastic threads 4 are expediently, as indicated in FIG. 2, by means of offset guide rollers 7, 7 ', over which the thread 4 runs back and forth in a meandering manner, stretched over the electrodes 6 and in a groove 8 (see FIG. 3) clamped with a wire or wire ring 9 placed over the threads and pressed into the groove (e.g. hammered).
  • the protruding thread ends (beyond the groove 8) are expediently cut away before the cell is finally assembled by applying the diaphragm 1 by tightening the cell frame 10, which comprises the bipolar plate 11.
  • FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of cell frame 10, electrode 6, thread 4 and diaphragm 1 with cell and diaphragm seal 12 in a cutout in an enlarged form.
  • FIGS. 5-7 A device which is particularly suitable for the assembly of the thread 4 provided according to the invention is indicated in FIGS. 5-7:
  • the device evident therefrom comprises a frame 13 with a fixed roller bar 14 and a movable roller bar 15 with mutually offset sliding rollers 7, 7 ', over which the thread 4 runs.
  • the movable bar 15 is held parallel to the bar 14 by guides 16, 16 '.
  • the movable bar 15 can be moved over the fixed bar 14 (see in particular Fig. 7), and its rollers 7 'are offset from the rollers 7 of the fixed bar, so that the rollers 7, 7' practically in one level.
  • the thread which is initially only guided over the rollers 7 of the fixed bar 14, is taken along by the comb-like rollers 7 'when the movable bar is displaced and harp-like over the surface of the electrode underneath (or possibly the underneath the diaphragm).
  • the thread should still have a small distance to the element underneath (electrode or possibly diaphragm), and it will then, after the movable bar 15 stops (at 17) or its fixing at the desired distance from the fixed bar, for. B. with clamping screws (whereby an adaptation of the device to different cell sizes is achieved) by lowering the frame on one or both sides with the underlying electrode (or possibly the diaphragm) in contact.
  • z. B serve the mounting bolts of a cell block.
  • the thread 4 which is stretched out like a harp from one another by means of spreading (or distance from one another) by roller strips 14, 15, runs in particular from a supply roll (21) which can be held by the frame 13.
  • the free end of the thread is fixed at 18, for example clamped with the aid of a clamp, and the thread runs over a tension roller 19 to the supply roller (21).
  • corresponding fitting elements can be provided, as indicated in FIG. 20, which grip around the mounting bolts of the cell block and thus enable the mounting frame 13 to be easily aligned.
  • the thread 4 (which is connected during assembly) can of course be divided into a series of threads that run from a plurality of supply rolls, so that from a single supply roll only one around z. B. 10 rolls of thread is withdrawn. A corresponding number of tensioning rollers are then assigned to this plurality of supply rolls, and the respective thread ends of the thread pieces are likewise fixed by a plurality of fixing elements 18.
  • the upper tension of larger areas can be carried out step by step by successive (partial) tensioning of only one by z. B. 10 rolls of running thread.
  • the thread 4 ensuring a minimum distance between the electrode and the diaphragm is provided in particular on the anode side, since a certain minimum distance between the anode and the diaphragm is particularly important. Usually, however, the thread will also be unclamped on both sides of the diaphragm, i.e. both on the cathode and on the anode side.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Elektrolyseur mit einer Diaphragma-Elektroden-Sandwichanordnung mit einem formstabilen, elektrisch isolierenden Diaphragma und elektrolyt- und gasdurchlässigen Elektroden sowie auf eine dafür geeignete Montageeinrichtung.The invention relates to an electrolyzer with a diaphragm-electrode sandwich arrangement with a dimensionally stable, electrically insulating diaphragm and electrolyte- and gas-permeable electrodes, and to a suitable mounting device.

Elektrolyseure bestehen aus einer oder insbesondere mehreren zu einem Zellenblock zusammengefaßten Elektrolysezellen. Die einzelne Zelle wird durch Begrenzungsplatten oder (bipolare) Trennplatten gebildet, die eine Elektrolysekammer begrenzen, welche von einem Diaphragma in Anoden- und Kathodenkammer getrennt wird. Anode und Kathode können sandwichartig am Diaphragma anliegen, soweit dieses nicht selbst elektrisch leitend ist. Üblicherweise besteht jedoch ein Abstand von etwa 1 bis 3 mm zum Diaphragma.Electrolysers consist of one or more electrolytic cells combined to form a cell block. The individual cell is formed by boundary plates or (bipolar) separating plates which delimit an electrolysis chamber which is separated by a diaphragm in the anode and cathode chambers. Anode and cathode can be sandwiched on the diaphragm, provided that it is not itself electrically conductive. Usually, however, there is a distance of about 1 to 3 mm from the diaphragm.

Von besonderem technischen Interesse sind derzeit Elektrolyseure für die alkalische Elektrolyse, insbesondere Wasserelektrolyse, auf die somit in der vorliegenden Beschreibung besonders Bezug genommen wird.Electrolysers for alkaline electrolysis, in particular water electrolysis, are currently of particular technical interest and are therefore referred to particularly in the present description.

Für die alkalische Wasserelektrolyse wurde von der Anmelderin eine Sandwichanordnung aus einem porösen, elektrisch nichtleitenden Oxiddiaphragma und beidseits anliegenden aktiven Elektroden entwickelt (DE-OSen 2927566, 30 31 064 und 3318 758), das hier als besonderes Beispiel zur Erläuterung der Erfindung dienen soll.For the alkaline water electrolysis, the applicant has developed a sandwich arrangement made of a porous, electrically non-conductive oxide diaphragm and active electrodes lying on both sides (DE-OSen 2927566, 30 31 064 and 3318 758), which is intended to serve as a special example to explain the invention.

Solche Diaphragmen auf Nickeloxidbasis besitzen eine ausgezeichnete chemische Beständigkeit in heißer Lauge, hervorragende Trenneigenschaften hinsichtlich der Produktgase (02 und H2 bei der Wasserelektrolyse) sowie elektrisch isolierende Eigenschaften, die einen unmittelbaren Kontakt der Elektroden mit dem Diaphragma (« Nullabstand ») gestatten.Such nickel oxide-based diaphragms have excellent chemical resistance in hot lye, excellent separating properties with regard to product gases (0 2 and H 2 in water electrolysis) and electrically insulating properties that allow direct contact of the electrodes with the diaphragm ("zero distance").

Mit solchen Elektroden mit Nullabstand zum Diaphragma wird eine bestmögliche Wirtschaftlichkeit der Elektrolyse in Anbetracht geringst möglicher Zellspannungen erreicht.With such electrodes with zero distance to the diaphragm, the best possible economy of the electrolysis is achieved in view of the lowest possible cell voltages.

Ein solches Diaphragma-Elektroden-Sandwich hat allerdings einen Nachteil: Das Diaphragma bleibt nur dann funktionsfähig, wenn sich an den Elektroden keine Ablagerungen bilden, die sich dann weiter in das in unmittelbarer Nähe (Nullabstand) befindliche Diaphragma fortpflanzen können.However, such a diaphragm-electrode sandwich has one disadvantage: the diaphragm only remains functional if no deposits form on the electrodes, which can then propagate further into the diaphragm located in the immediate vicinity (zero distance).

Das gesamte Zellsystem samt Peripherie muß also sehr korrosionsbeständig sein : Anderenfalls würden sich Korrosionsprodukte entweder kathodisch als Metalle oder anodisch als Oxidhydrate abscheiden und von den Elektroden in das Diaphragma hinein übertreten und dieses zusetzen oder sogar zu Kurzschlüssen führen. In der Praxis ist es nun jedoch sehr schwer oder doch zumindest sehr kostspielig, einen korrosionsfreien Zustand aufrechtzuerhalten.The entire cell system including its periphery must therefore be very corrosion-resistant: Otherwise, corrosion products would either deposit cathodically as metals or anodically as oxide hydrates and pass from the electrodes into the diaphragm and clog it, or even lead to short circuits. In practice, however, it is very difficult or at least very expensive to maintain a corrosion-free state.

D. h., die einerseits energetisch günstige und damit wirtschaftliche Verminderung der Elektrodenabstände ist mit dem Zwang zu kostspieligen Anlagen verbunden, während die konstruktiv billigere mit merklichem Abstand Diaphragma-Elektroden arbeitende Lösung energetisch nachteilig ist.In other words, the reduction in the electrode spacing, which is energetically favorable and therefore economical, is associated with the need for expensive systems, while the structurally cheaper solution working with a noticeable distance between diaphragm electrodes is energetically disadvantageous.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, hier Abhilfe zu schaffen, d. h. eine konstruktive Lösung zu finden, bei der die Energieverluste aufgrund des Abstandes Diaphragma-Elektroden gering sind, aber trotzdem für Zelle und Peripherie Konstruktionsmaterialien verwendet werden könt nen, die bei tragbarem Preis einigermaßen korrosionsbeständig sind, ohne jedoch jede Korrosion ausschließen zu müssen.It is therefore the object of the invention to remedy this, d. H. to find a constructive solution in which the energy losses due to the distance between the diaphragm electrodes are small, but nevertheless construction materials can be used for the cell and periphery, which are reasonably corrosion-resistant at a reasonable price, but without having to rule out any corrosion.

Dieses Ziel wird gemäß der Erfindung erreicht durch dünne, sich in Gasabgaberichtung erstreckende Kunststoff-Fäden mit 5 bis 50 mm Fadenzwischenraum und einer Fadenstärke von 50 bis 500 µm zwischen Diaphragma und Elektrode. Bevorzugte Fadenzwischenräume liegen zwischen 10 und 20 mm, und Fadenstärken um etwa 200 Am sind besonders zweckmäßig.This goal is achieved according to the invention by thin plastic threads extending in the gas discharge direction with 5 to 50 mm thread space and a thread thickness of 50 to 500 μm between the diaphragm and the electrode. Preferred spaces between threads are between 10 and 20 mm, and thread thicknesses of around 200 am are particularly expedient.

Die Kunststoffäden müssen selbstverständlich unter Elektrolysebedingungen beständig sein und bestehen insbesondere aus Polytetrafluoräthylen oder auch aus anderen geeigneten beständigen Kunststoffmaterialien, wie z. B. Polysulfon.The plastic threads must of course be stable under electrolysis conditions and consist in particular of polytetrafluoroethylene or other suitable resistant plastic materials, such as. B. Polysulfone.

Durch den Verlauf in Gasabgaberichtung kann vermieden werden, daß sich beständig sperrende Gaspolster zwischen dem Diaphragma und den Elektroden ausbilden, die den wirtschaftlichen Betrieb des Elektrolyseurs beeinträchtigen können.The course in the direction of gas discharge can prevent the formation of permanently blocking gas cushions between the diaphragm and the electrodes, which can impair the economical operation of the electrolyzer.

Die Art der Anbringung der Fäden, die in (bei Zellbetrieb) Gasabgaberichtung verlaufen, kann grundsätzlich auf beliebige Weise erreicht werden, da der Kontakt mit den angrenzenden Elementen (Diaphragma und Elektroden) für ein Weiterbestehen der einmal erreichten Anordnung sorgt. Besonders zweckmäßig ist jedoch eine Festlegung der Fäden am Zellrahmen, insbesondere in einer Nut desselben, die speziell möglichst unmittelbar benachbart zur Elektrolytkammer vorgesehen ist.The way of attaching the threads, which run in the gas discharge direction (in the case of cell operation), can in principle be achieved in any way, since the contact with the adjacent elements (diaphragm and electrodes) ensures that the arrangement which has been achieved once remains. However, it is particularly expedient to fix the threads on the cell frame, in particular in a groove thereof, which is specifically provided as directly as possible adjacent to the electrolyte chamber.

In einer solchen Nut können die Fadenenden mittels eines dünnen Drahtes oder Drahtringes festgeklemmt werden.The thread ends can be clamped in such a groove by means of a thin wire or wire ring.

Als besonders zweckmäßig erweist sich eine Montagevorrichtung für die Fäden, gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 und wie sie aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen hervorgeht, die auf die angefügten Zeichnungen Bezug nimmt; es zeigen schematisch :

  • Figur 1 den Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Diaphragma-Elektroden-Sandwich's im Schnitt quer zur Gasabgaberichtung ;
  • Figur 2 in Gasabgaberichtung gespannte Fäden während der Montage ;
  • Figur 3 den mit Nuten versehenen Zellrahmen vor der Fadenmontage (im Schnitt) ;
  • Figur 4 einen in der Rahmennut festgelegten Faden zwischen Diaphragma und Elektrode vor dem Zusammenschluß der Zelle (vergrößerter Ausschnitt) und
  • Figuren 5 bis 7 unterschiedliche Phasen der Fadenmontage.
A mounting device for the threads has proven to be particularly expedient, in accordance with the features of claim 2 and as is apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments, which makes reference to the attached drawings; it shows schematically:
  • Figure 1 shows the structure of a diaphragm-electrode sandwich according to the invention in section transverse to the gas discharge direction;
  • Figure 2 threads tensioned in the gas discharge direction during assembly;
  • Figure 3 shows the grooved cell frame before thread assembly (in section);
  • 4 shows a thread fixed in the frame groove between the diaphragm and the electrode before the cell is joined (enlarged section) and
  • Figures 5 to 7 different phases of thread assembly.

Gemäß Figur 1 wird ein elektrisch isolierendes formstabiles Diaphragma 1, das insbesondere aus porösem Nickeloxid 2 auf einen gerüstgebenden Träger 3 besteht, durch Fäden 4 aus einem unter Elektrolysebedingungen beständigen Kunststoff unter Bildung eines Abstandes 5 von einer durchlässigen Elektrode 6 getrennt, die insbesondere durch eine aktivierte Lochblechelektrode gebildet wird, aber auch eine Streckmetallelektrode, Jalousieelektrode oder auch eine poröse aktivierte Elektrode sein kann.According to FIG. 1, an electrically insulating, dimensionally stable diaphragm 1, which consists in particular of porous nickel oxide 2 on a framework 3, is separated by threads 4 from a plastic that is resistant to electrolysis conditions, forming a distance 5 from a permeable electrode 6, which is activated in particular by an activated one Perforated plate electrode is formed, but can also be an expanded metal electrode, blind electrode or a porous activated electrode.

Die Fäden 4 verlaufen in Gasabgaberichtung, so daß das an der Elektrodenvorderseite gebildete Gas ungehindert zur Gassammelleitung des Elektrolyseurs hin entweichen kann, ohne daß Gaspolster entstehen können.The threads 4 run in the direction of gas discharge, so that the gas formed on the front side of the electrode can escape unhindered to the gas manifold of the electrolyzer without gas cushions being formed.

Solche Kunststoffäden 4 werden zweckmäßigerweise, wie in Fig. 2 angedeutet ist, mit Hilfe von versetzten Leitrollen 7, 7', über die der Faden 4 mäanderförmig hin- und herläuft, über den Elektroden 6 ausgespannt und in einer Nut 8 (s. Fig. 3) mit einem über die Fäden gelegten und in die Nut gepreßten (z. B. gehämmerten) Draht oder Drahtring 9 festgeklemmt. Die überstehenden Fadenenden (jenseits der Nut 8) werden zweckmäßigerweise weggeschnitten, bevor unter Aufbringung des Diaphragmas 1 die Zelle durch Zusammenspannen des Zellrahmens 10, der die bipolare Platte 11 umfaßt, fertigmontiert wird.Such plastic threads 4 are expediently, as indicated in FIG. 2, by means of offset guide rollers 7, 7 ', over which the thread 4 runs back and forth in a meandering manner, stretched over the electrodes 6 and in a groove 8 (see FIG. 3) clamped with a wire or wire ring 9 placed over the threads and pressed into the groove (e.g. hammered). The protruding thread ends (beyond the groove 8) are expediently cut away before the cell is finally assembled by applying the diaphragm 1 by tightening the cell frame 10, which comprises the bipolar plate 11.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Anordnung von Zellrahmen 10, Elektrode 6, Faden 4 und Diaphragma 1 mit Zell-und Diaphragmadichtung 12 in einem Ausschnitt in vergrößerter Form.4 shows the arrangement of cell frame 10, electrode 6, thread 4 and diaphragm 1 with cell and diaphragm seal 12 in a cutout in an enlarged form.

Eine für die Montage des erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Fadens 4 besonders geeignete Vorrichtung ist in den Fig. 5-7 angedeutet :A device which is particularly suitable for the assembly of the thread 4 provided according to the invention is indicated in FIGS. 5-7:

Die daraus ersichtliche Vorrichtung umfaßt einen Rahmen 13 mit einer festen Rollenleiste 14 und einer beweglichen Rollenleiste 15 mit zueinander versetzten Gleitrollen 7, 7', über die der Faden 4 läuft. Die bewegliche Leiste 15 wird durch Führungen 16, 16' parallel zur Leiste 14 gehalten.The device evident therefrom comprises a frame 13 with a fixed roller bar 14 and a movable roller bar 15 with mutually offset sliding rollers 7, 7 ', over which the thread 4 runs. The movable bar 15 is held parallel to the bar 14 by guides 16, 16 '.

Die bewegliche Leiste 15 kann über die feste Leiste 14 hinweg bewegt werden (s. insbesondere Fig. 7), und ihre Rollen 7' sind versetzt zu den Rollen 7 der festen Leiste hängend angeordnet, so daß sich die Rollen 7, 7' praktisch in einer Ebene befinden.The movable bar 15 can be moved over the fixed bar 14 (see in particular Fig. 7), and its rollers 7 'are offset from the rollers 7 of the fixed bar, so that the rollers 7, 7' practically in one level.

Wie in Fig. 5 angedeutet ist, wird der zunächst nur über die Rollen 7 der festen Leiste 14 geführte Faden bei Verschiebung der beweglichen Leiste von den kammartig dazwischen greifenden Rollen 7' mitgenommen und harfenartig über die Fläche der darunter befindlichen Elektrode (oder ggf. des darunter befindlichen Diaphragmas) ausgezogen. Während dieses Vorganges soll der Faden noch einen geringen Abstand zu dem darunter befindlichen Element (Elektrode oder auch evtl. Diaphragma) haben, und er wird dann nach Anschlag der beweglichen Leiste 15 (bei 17) oder deren Festlegung in gewünschter Entfernung zur festen Leiste z. B. mit Klemmschrauben (wodurch eine Anpassung der Vorrichtung an unterschiedliche Zellengrößen erreicht wird) durch ein- oder beidseitige Absenkung des Rahmens mit der darunter befindlichen Elektrode (oder auch evtl. dem Diaphragma) in Kontakt gebracht.As indicated in Fig. 5, the thread, which is initially only guided over the rollers 7 of the fixed bar 14, is taken along by the comb-like rollers 7 'when the movable bar is displaced and harp-like over the surface of the electrode underneath (or possibly the underneath the diaphragm). During this process, the thread should still have a small distance to the element underneath (electrode or possibly diaphragm), and it will then, after the movable bar 15 stops (at 17) or its fixing at the desired distance from the fixed bar, for. B. with clamping screws (whereby an adaptation of the device to different cell sizes is achieved) by lowering the frame on one or both sides with the underlying electrode (or possibly the diaphragm) in contact.

Die Anordnung entspricht dann der Fig. 2 - allerdings noch ohne Klemmdraht oder Klemmring, der dann aufgesetzt und durch Anhämmern o. dgl. angepreßt wird, woraufhin die über die Nut nach außen hinausragenden Fadenteile abgeschnitten werden sollten.The arrangement then corresponds to FIG. 2 - but still without a clamping wire or clamping ring, which is then placed on and pressed on by hammering or the like, whereupon the thread parts projecting beyond the groove should be cut off.

Als Führung für den Rahmen 13 relativ zur Elektrode, über die der Faden gespannt wird, können z. B. die Montagebolzen eines Zellenblocks dienen.As a guide for the frame 13 relative to the electrode over which the thread is stretched, z. B. serve the mounting bolts of a cell block.

Die durch Spreizung (bzw. Voneinanderentfernung) durch Rollenleisten 14, 15 voneinander harfenartig ausgespannte Faden 4 läuft insbesondere von einer Vorratsrolle (21) ab, die vom Rahmen 13 gehalten werden kann.The thread 4, which is stretched out like a harp from one another by means of spreading (or distance from one another) by roller strips 14, 15, runs in particular from a supply roll (21) which can be held by the frame 13.

Das freie Ende des Fadens wird bei 18 festgelegt, beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Klemme festgeklemmt, und der Faden läuft über eine Spannrolle 19 zur Vorratsrolle (21).The free end of the thread is fixed at 18, for example clamped with the aid of a clamp, and the thread runs over a tension roller 19 to the supply roller (21).

Für die Passung des Montagerahmens 13 auf den Zellrahmen 10 können entsprechende Paßelemente, wie in 20 angedeutet, vorgesehen sein, die etwa um die Montagebolzen des Zellenblocks greifen und somit eine einfache Ausrichtung des Montagerahmens 13 ermöglichen.For fitting the mounting frame 13 to the cell frame 10, corresponding fitting elements can be provided, as indicated in FIG. 20, which grip around the mounting bolts of the cell block and thus enable the mounting frame 13 to be easily aligned.

Für das Ausspannen des Fadens 4 über sehr großflächigen Elektroden kann der (bei der Montage zusammenhängende) Faden 4 selbstverständlich in eine Serie von Fäden unterteilt werden, die von einer Mehrzahl von Vorratsrollen ablaufen, so daß von einer einzelnen Vorratsrolle jeweils nur ein um z. B. 10 Rollen laufendes Fadenstück abgezogen wird. Dieser Mehrzahl von Vorratsrollen sind dann eine entsprechende Anzahl von Spannrollen zugeordnet, und die jeweiligen Fadenenden der Fadenstücke werden ebenso durch eine Mehrzahl von Festlegungselementen 18 festgelegt. Alternativ kann die Oberspannung größerer Flächen schrittweise erfolgen durch zeitlich aufeinanderfolgende (Teil) Ausspannung von jeweils nur eines um z. B. 10 Rollen laufenden Fadenstücks.For unclamping the thread 4 over very large electrodes, the thread 4 (which is connected during assembly) can of course be divided into a series of threads that run from a plurality of supply rolls, so that from a single supply roll only one around z. B. 10 rolls of thread is withdrawn. A corresponding number of tensioning rollers are then assigned to this plurality of supply rolls, and the respective thread ends of the thread pieces are likewise fixed by a plurality of fixing elements 18. Alternatively, the upper tension of larger areas can be carried out step by step by successive (partial) tensioning of only one by z. B. 10 rolls of running thread.

Der einen Minimalabstand zwischen Elektrode und Diaphragma gewährleistende Faden 4 wird insbesondere anodenseitig vorgesehen, da ein gewisser Minimalabstand zwischen Anode und Diaphragma besonders wichtig ist. Üblicherweise wird man jedoch den Faden auch beidseits des Diaphragmas, also sowohl kathoden- als auch anodenseitig ausspannen.The thread 4 ensuring a minimum distance between the electrode and the diaphragm is provided in particular on the anode side, since a certain minimum distance between the anode and the diaphragm is particularly important. Usually, however, the thread will also be unclamped on both sides of the diaphragm, i.e. both on the cathode and on the anode side.

Claims (4)

1. Electrolyser with a diaphragm-electrode sandwich arrangement, with an electrically insulating diaphragm of stable shape and with electrodes which are pervious to electrolyte and gas, characterised by thin synthetic plastic material threads (4) which extend in the gas discharge direction, with an inter-thread spacing of 5 to 50 mm and a thread thickness of 50 to 500 µm, between diaphragm (1) and electrode (6).
2. Apparatus for assembling the threads in a sandwich arrangement of an electrolyser according to claim 1, characterised by an assembling frame (13) fitting on to the cell frame (10) and with a fixed roller bar (14) at one side of the cell frame, and side guides (16, 16'), which extend parallel to the gas discharge direction of the assembled cell, for a roller bar (15) which is displaceable over the cell frame area and which has rollers (7') offset relatively to the rollers (7) of the fixed bar, and with at least one means (18) for securing at least one thread end, and an appropriate number of tensioning rollers (19) for the respective other end of the thread (4) guided in meander fashion over the rollers, the movable roller bar (15) being movable to extend over the fixed roller bar (14), through between whose rollers (7) the rollers (7') of the movable bar (15) which are situated in the same plane can be conducted.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised by at least one supply roller from which the thread secured at one end runs off.
4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the fitted-on assembling frame (13) projects beyond the cell frame (10) in the gas discharge direction.
EP86107650A 1985-06-12 1986-06-05 Electrolyser with a diaphragm electrode sandwich assembly, and assembling apparatus suited therefor Expired EP0206032B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8517106U DE8517106U1 (en) 1985-06-12 1985-06-12 Diaphragm for alkaline electrolysis
DE8517106U 1985-06-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0206032A1 EP0206032A1 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0206032B1 true EP0206032B1 (en) 1989-12-13

Family

ID=6782044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86107650A Expired EP0206032B1 (en) 1985-06-12 1986-06-05 Electrolyser with a diaphragm electrode sandwich assembly, and assembling apparatus suited therefor

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4773982A (en)
EP (1) EP0206032B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6244587A (en)
BR (1) BR8602715A (en)
CA (1) CA1327773C (en)
DE (2) DE8517106U1 (en)
NO (1) NO165600C (en)
ZA (1) ZA864358B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2240988B (en) * 1986-12-19 1991-12-18 Olin Corp Electrolytic cell
DE3815266A1 (en) * 1988-05-05 1989-11-16 Metallgesellschaft Ag ELECTROLYSIS
US6027620A (en) * 1995-11-03 2000-02-22 Huron Tech Corp Filter press electrolyzer
EP2300641A4 (en) * 2008-06-16 2015-08-26 Richards William R Alkaline electrolyzer
US8808512B2 (en) 2013-01-22 2014-08-19 GTA, Inc. Electrolyzer apparatus and method of making it
US9222178B2 (en) 2013-01-22 2015-12-29 GTA, Inc. Electrolyzer

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3674767A (en) * 1967-07-14 1972-07-04 Nat Res Dev Novel polymeric materials containing triazinyl groups
US4174259A (en) * 1976-09-24 1979-11-13 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corp. Electrolytic cell structure and method of assembly
JPS5365275A (en) * 1976-11-24 1978-06-10 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Structure of electrode chamber
FR2460341A1 (en) * 1979-07-04 1981-01-23 Creusot Loire Electrolysis cell for mfg. gas, esp. hydrogen and oxygen from water - where nickel fabric diaphragm is supported by grid of insulating beads
DE2927566C2 (en) * 1979-07-07 1986-08-21 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Diaphragm for alkaline electrolysis, process for producing the same and its use
FR2475066A1 (en) * 1980-02-06 1981-08-07 Cem Comp Electro Mec Expanded spacer used between two parallel surfaces - esp. expanded polymer foil used between electrodes in electrolyser mfg. hydrogen in high yield
DE3031064C2 (en) * 1980-08-16 1986-09-04 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Porous oxide diaphragm for alkaline electrolysis and its use
US4377462A (en) * 1981-01-12 1983-03-22 The Dow Chemical Company Tuning fork shaped anodes for electrolysis cells
DE3318758C2 (en) * 1983-05-24 1985-06-13 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Nickel oxide based diaphragm and method of making the same
US4568439A (en) * 1984-06-05 1986-02-04 J. A. Webb, Inc. Electrolytic cell having improved inter-electrode spacing means
DE3424203A1 (en) * 1984-06-30 1986-01-16 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich DIAPHRAGMA FOR ALKALINE ELECTROLYSIS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3667502D1 (en) 1990-01-18
DE8517106U1 (en) 1985-08-01
NO862343L (en) 1986-12-15
NO862343D0 (en) 1986-06-11
ZA864358B (en) 1987-02-25
NO165600B (en) 1990-11-26
EP0206032A1 (en) 1986-12-30
US4773982A (en) 1988-09-27
BR8602715A (en) 1987-02-10
CA1327773C (en) 1994-03-15
NO165600C (en) 1991-03-06
JPS6244587A (en) 1987-02-26

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