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EP0205992B1 - Method of bending metal strip, in particular for can bodies - Google Patents

Method of bending metal strip, in particular for can bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0205992B1
EP0205992B1 EP86107402A EP86107402A EP0205992B1 EP 0205992 B1 EP0205992 B1 EP 0205992B1 EP 86107402 A EP86107402 A EP 86107402A EP 86107402 A EP86107402 A EP 86107402A EP 0205992 B1 EP0205992 B1 EP 0205992B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bending roll
sheet
rolls
bending
front edge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86107402A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0205992A3 (en
EP0205992A2 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Weil
Josef Locher
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Elpatronic AG
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Elpatronic AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0205992A2 publication Critical patent/EP0205992A2/en
Publication of EP0205992A3 publication Critical patent/EP0205992A3/en
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Publication of EP0205992B1 publication Critical patent/EP0205992B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/14—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers
    • B21D5/143—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by passing between rollers making use of a mandrel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/26—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner
    • B21D51/2676—Cans or tins having longitudinal or helical seams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for rounding sheets, in particular for can bodies, each with a leading and trailing edge, which are then connected to one another, in particular welded, in which each sheet, with its leading edge leading, runs between a driven bending roller and a plurality of support rollers and , assisted by at least one additional shaping element arranged behind the bending roller, around which the bending roller is bent, the approximately completely rounded sheet being bent up elastically in order to keep the leading edge away from the bending roller or the support rollers while the trailing edge runs between them.
  • the invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.
  • a conveyor station consisting of two rollers and two sliding pieces, between which the sheets are fed, is followed by a pre-bending station, which has a pair of rollers and a wedge-shaped one in front and one behind Bending body has. Behind it are two also wedge-shaped, converging shaped pieces, which individually guide the sheets into a nip between an upper and a lower bending roll. A further wedge-shaped shaped piece is arranged behind the roll nip, which deflects the sheet emerging from the nip downward, so that it lies around the lower bending roll.
  • the lower of the two fittings located in front of the nip is hook-shaped so that it catches the leading edge of the sheet and so that it catches and holds the leading edge of the sheet while the rear portion of the sheet still passes between the bending rolls. This prevents the front edge of the sheet from running into the nip again; the resulting cylindrical sheet metal body is bent up until the rear edge of the sheet has passed between the two bending rollers and then comes to a standstill against the shaped piece arranged behind the nip.
  • Conveyor pawls are arranged below the shaped pieces, which finally push the cylindrical sheet metal body axially away from the bending rollers into a guide with two grooves, in which the front and rear edges of the sheet are guided in such a way that they can be welded behind one another in an overlapping manner.
  • This known device and the method which can be carried out with it generally have useful results if the diameter of the rounded sheet metal body or frame is very large in relation to the sheet thickness and the demands on the precise rounding of the sheet metal body, particularly in the area of its leading edge, are not too high be put.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method of the type described at the outset and a device suitable for carrying out the method in such a way that the radius of curvature of the rounded sheet metal bodies in the region of the front and rear edges corresponds more precisely to the intended radius of curvature, and this also then, if can bodies with a relatively small diameter are produced from relatively thick sheet metal.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that when the driven bending roller continues to rotate, the elastically bent sheet metal relaxes again and the leading edge then runs again between the bending roller and the support rollers to the rear edge.
  • the front edge of the already largely rounded sheet metal body is not finally caught in front of the nip formed between the bending roller and the backup rollers, which it has already passed, but is held back until it no longer fits into the rear one Edge area of the sheet can overlap position.
  • the front area of the sheet is released again so that it runs again, with its front edge more or less closely behind the rear edge, between the bending roller and the support rollers and thereby obtains a radius of curvature that is better adapted to the diameter of the finished sheet metal body.
  • the front edge of the finished rounded sheet metal which has run between the bending roller and the support rollers for the second time, can be caught and that Sheet metal are pushed axially away from the bending roller into a guide in which the front and rear edges are brought into a position in which they are connected to one another, in particular welded.
  • These - apart from the second pass through the front edge of the sheet - method features can be further developed according to the invention in such a way that the front edge is caught only after it has been connected to the second pass between the bending roll and the support rolls and also between at least one additional shaping element and the bending roll has run through it twice. This further improves the shape accuracy of the rounded sheet in the area adjoining its front edge.
  • the procedure described last can be perfected in that the sheet, starting with the first pass of its leading edge between the bending roll and the support rolls, under the action of the at least one additional shaping element, a path of approximately 420 ° to 480 ° , preferably 440 ° to 460 ° to run the bending roller.
  • the sheet is freed from the action of any additional shaping element after it has completed its rotation around the bending roll, it is moved from the rounding station into the positioning station, rotated further and its front edge is only caught after approximately two full rotations.
  • the rounded sheet can be brought particularly precisely into a defined position, in which it can then be prepared for further processing, in particular for butt welding its front and rear edges.
  • a sheet metal round device is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, which corresponds to a device known from US Pat. No. 3,117,214 in that it has several with a feed section for feeding flat sheets, a bending roll arranged on one side of the feed section support rollers arranged on the other side of the feed path and at least one additional shaping element arranged in the feed direction behind the support rollers for bending the metal sheets around the circumference of the bending roller, a deflection body being provided which can be moved at least approximately radially away from the bending roller.
  • such a device is further developed in that the deflecting body has a crescent-shaped cross section, its concave side is adapted to the bending roller and, at least approximately, rests against it when it is in its rest position.
  • the sheet can be smoothly moved away during rounding until its front edge has again approached the nip between the bending roll and the support rolls to such an extent that the front area of the sheet must be deflected away from the roll by the intended movement of the deflecting body.
  • the at least one additional shaping element arranged behind the bending roller or the supporting rollers is resiliently supported at least approximately radially with respect to the bending roller and has a pressure roller. This makes it possible to exert considerable, radial forces with respect to the bending roller on the sheet metal without the movement of the latter around the bending roller being opposed to any appreciable resistance.
  • a plurality of pressure rollers in different directions are arranged resiliently on a common support, which as a whole is adjustable towards and away from the bending roller.
  • the device shown serves the purpose of rounding flat, rectangular sheets 10 of tinplate, for example 0.3 mm thick, to form can bodies, for example 40 mm in diameter.
  • the sheets 10 each have a leading edge 10a and a trailing edge 10b, which after rounding should be arranged parallel to one another at a short distance; the curve should extend as evenly as possible up to these two edges 10a and 10b.
  • the device shown has a feed section 12 with an insertion station 14, into which the sheets 10 are individually inserted.
  • the upper strand of a conveyor chain 16 extends below the insertion station 14 and can be driven step by step by a drive shaft 18 and has drivers 20 at intervals corresponding to the length of the sheets.
  • Parallel guide rails 22, which guide the sheets 10 to both sides and up and down, extend from the insertion station 14 to a nip between two horizontal transport rollers 24 and 26 arranged vertically one above the other.
  • the upper transport roller 26 is adjustable on a vertically adjustable one , elastically preloaded downward transport roller carrier 28 stored. Both transport rollers 24 and 26 can be driven by a motor, not shown, via a gear 30, to which the drive shaft 18 is also connected.
  • a bending roller 32 and a plurality of support rollers 34 are arranged behind the transport rollers 24 and 26, the axes of rotation of which are likewise arranged horizontally and parallel to one another, but in such a way that the plane defined by them converges upwards with the vertical plane in which the axes of rotation of the two transport rollers 24 and 26 lie.
  • the bending roller 32 is referred to as a bending roller because the sheet 10 is rolled around it; this bending roller 32, like the lower transport roller 24, is mounted in a stationary manner and rotates in the same direction as this from the gear 30 drivable.
  • the outer support rollers 34 have a considerably smaller diameter than the bending roller 32 and are mounted on a roller carrier 36 which can be adjusted radially to the bending roller 32 in accordance with the properties of the sheet 10, in particular the sheet thickness.
  • a carrier 38 is guided on a stationary guide 40 which extends horizontally and transversely to the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34.
  • the carrier 38 is biased by a spring 42 which tends to pull it away from the inner bending roll 32;
  • This spring 42 is opposed by eccentrics 44 which are fastened to a shaft 46 which can be driven by the gear 30 and which can be rolled on a roller 48 mounted on the carrier 38.
  • a shaping element 50 is pivotally mounted on the carrier 38, on which a pressure roller 52 is supported coaxially.
  • the shaping element 50 is adjustable and elastically pretensioned in such a way that the pressure roller 52 strives to roll on the bending roller 32.
  • Two further shaping elements 54 are displaceably guided on the carrier 38 approximately radially to the inner bending roller 32, on which pressure rollers 56 are mounted, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to that of the support rollers 34 and is considerably smaller than the diameter of the pressure roller 52.
  • the shaping elements 54 can also be adjusted in this way biased that the pressure rollers 56 strive to roll on the bending roller 32.
  • a cam disk 58 which controls an angle lever 60, is fastened on the drive shaft 18.
  • an elongated deflecting body 62 which is arranged parallel to the bending roller 32 and has a crescent-shaped cross section, is fastened.
  • the deflecting body 62 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 in a rest position in which it bears at least approximately on the lateral surface of the bending roller 32; 3, the deflecting body 62 can be moved essentially radially away from the bending roller 32 in the direction of the lower transport roller 24.
  • a pivotable bearing block 64 is also controlled by the cam disk 58, on which a support roller 66 is supported to support the bending roller 32.
  • a group of hook-shaped catch levers 68 is mounted so as to be pivotable about a stationary axis 70, approximately opposite the support roller 66 with respect to the bending roller 32.
  • the catch levers are controlled by cams 72 which are fastened on the shaft 46.
  • a path 74 is formed parallel to the axis of the bending roller 32 and below it, on which pivotable pawls 76 can be moved back and forth. Also parallel to the axis of the bending roller 34 and in an axial continuation, in FIG. 1 facing the viewer, a guide 78 is arranged which has a groove 80 and 82 on each of its two sides and thereby has an approximately Z-shaped profile.
  • the device described works as follows: During each working cycle of the device, a sheet 10 is conveyed from the insertion station 14 to the transport rollers 24, 26 and is grasped by them. In the next working cycle, the sheet 10 is transported by the transport rollers 24, 26 to the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34, gripped by the pressure roller 52 and bent around the bending roller 32.
  • the deflecting body 62 initially assumes the rest position shown in FIG. 2, in which the sheet 10 runs onto the deflecting body 62 during rounding. Immediately thereafter, the deflection body 62 is moved from its rest position according to FIG. 2 into its position according to FIG. 3, which is distant from the bending roller 32.
  • the front edge 10a of the sheet 10 is prevented from bumping against the rear area of the sheet and, together with the latter, entering the gap between the bending roll 32 and the support rolls 34.
  • the deflecting body 62 is moved back into its rest position, so that the front edge 10a of the sheet 10 now again in the gap between the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34 and passes through this and the gap between the bending roller 32 and the first pressure roller 52.
  • the rounding operation is considered complete and the carrier 38 is moved away from the bending roller 32, so that all pressure rollers 52 and 56 lose contact with the sheet 10 as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the sheet 10 is then pushed from a round station 31 with a pawl 76 into a positioning station 69.
  • the sheet metal 10 is then rotated further by continuing to drive the bending roller 32 until the hook-shaped catch levers 68 engage in the gap which has remained open between the front edge 10a and the rear edge 10b of the sheet metal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Runden von Blechen, insbesondere für Dosenkörper, mit je einer Vorder- und Hinterkante, die anschliessend miteinander verbunden, insbesondere verschweisst werden, bei dem jedes Blech, mit seiner Vorderkante voran, zwischen einer angetriebenen Biegewalze und mehreren Stützwalzen hindurchläuft und, unterstützt durch mindestens ein hinter der Biegewalze angeordnetes zusätzliches Formgebungselement, um die Biegewalze herumgebogen wird, wobei das annähernd vollständig gerundete Blech elastisch aufgebogen wird, um die Vorderkante von der Biegewalze bzw. den Stützwalzen fernzuhalten, während die Hinterkante zwischen ihnen hindurchläuft. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for rounding sheets, in particular for can bodies, each with a leading and trailing edge, which are then connected to one another, in particular welded, in which each sheet, with its leading edge leading, runs between a driven bending roller and a plurality of support rollers and , assisted by at least one additional shaping element arranged behind the bending roller, around which the bending roller is bent, the approximately completely rounded sheet being bent up elastically in order to keep the leading edge away from the bending roller or the support rollers while the trailing edge runs between them. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing this method.

Bei einer bekannten Vorrichtung (DE-A 3 330 171) zum Durchführen eines solchen Verfahrens schliesst sich an eine Förderstation aus zwei Walzen und zwei Gleitstücken, zwischen denen die Bleche zugeführt werden, eine Vorbiegestation an, die ein Walzenpaar und davor sowie dahinter je einen keilförmigen Biegekörper aufweist. Dahinter sind zwei ebenfalls keilförmige, konvergierende Formstücke angeordnet, welche die Bleche einzeln in einen Walzenspalt zwischen einer oberen und einer unteren Biegewalze führen. Hinter dem Walzenspalt ist ein weiteres keilförmiges Formstück angeordnet, das jeweils das aus dem Walzenspalt austretende Blech nach unten ablenkt, so dass es sich um die untere Biegewalze herumlegt. Das untere der beiden vor dem Walzenspalt angeordneten Formstücke ist hakenförmig gestaltet, so dass es die Vorderkante des Blechs fängt und so dass es die Vorderkante des Blechs fängt und festhält, während der hintere Abschnitt des Blechs noch zwischen den Biegewalzen hindurchläuft. Dadurch wird die Vorderkante des Blechs daran gehindert, erneut in den Walzenspalt einzulaufen; der entstehende zylindrische Blechkörper wird dabei aufgebogen, bis die hintere Kante des Blechs zwischen den beiden Biegewalzen hindurchgelaufen ist und dann an dem hinter dem Walzenspalt angeordneten Formstück anliegend zum Stillstand kommt. Unterhalb der Formstücke sind Förderklinken angeordnet, die den zylindrischen Blechkörper schliesslich axial von den Biegewalzen weg in eine Führung mit zwei Nuten schieben, in denen Vorder- und Hinterkanten des Blechs derart geführt werden, dass sie dahinter einander überlappend miteinander verschweisst werden können.In a known device (DE-A 3 330 171) for carrying out such a method, a conveyor station consisting of two rollers and two sliding pieces, between which the sheets are fed, is followed by a pre-bending station, which has a pair of rollers and a wedge-shaped one in front and one behind Bending body has. Behind it are two also wedge-shaped, converging shaped pieces, which individually guide the sheets into a nip between an upper and a lower bending roll. A further wedge-shaped shaped piece is arranged behind the roll nip, which deflects the sheet emerging from the nip downward, so that it lies around the lower bending roll. The lower of the two fittings located in front of the nip is hook-shaped so that it catches the leading edge of the sheet and so that it catches and holds the leading edge of the sheet while the rear portion of the sheet still passes between the bending rolls. This prevents the front edge of the sheet from running into the nip again; the resulting cylindrical sheet metal body is bent up until the rear edge of the sheet has passed between the two bending rollers and then comes to a standstill against the shaped piece arranged behind the nip. Conveyor pawls are arranged below the shaped pieces, which finally push the cylindrical sheet metal body axially away from the bending rollers into a guide with two grooves, in which the front and rear edges of the sheet are guided in such a way that they can be welded behind one another in an overlapping manner.

Diese bekannte Vorrichtung und das mit ihr durchführbare Verfahren haben im allgemeinen brauchbare Ergebnisse, wenn der Durchmesser der fertig gerundeten Blechkörper oder -zargen im Verhältnis zur Blechdicke sehr gross ist und an die genaue Rundung der Blechkörper, insbesondere im Bereich ihrer Vorderkante, nicht allzu hohe Anforderungen gestellt werden.This known device and the method which can be carried out with it generally have useful results if the diameter of the rounded sheet metal body or frame is very large in relation to the sheet thickness and the demands on the precise rounding of the sheet metal body, particularly in the area of its leading edge, are not too high be put.

Bei grösserer Blechdicke und/oder kleinerem Durchmesser der Blechkörper fällt aber zunehmend auf, dass die fertig gerundeten Blechkörper in dem an ihre Vorderkante angrenzenden Bereich, bis zu einem gewissen Grad auch in dem an ihre Hinterkante angrenzenden Bereich, nahezu eben bleiben, zumindest aber dort einen Krümmungsradius haben, der erheblich grösser ist als der Radius des Blechkörpers insgesamt. Diese unzulänglich gerundeten Randbereiche können in manchen Fällen noch hingenommen werden, wenn sie anschliessend überlappend miteinander verschweisst werden, doch treten gelegentlich dabei schon Schwierigkeiten auf. Als besonders störend haben sich jedoch solche unzulänglich gerundeten Randbereiche bei Blechkörpern erwiesen, deren Vorder- und Hinterkante stumpf, beispielsweise mittels Strahlschweissung miteinander verbunden werden.With a larger sheet thickness and / or smaller diameter of the sheet metal bodies, however, it is increasingly noticeable that the finished, rounded sheet metal bodies remain almost flat in the area adjacent to their front edge, to a certain extent also in the area adjacent to their rear edge, but at least there one Have a radius of curvature that is considerably larger than the radius of the sheet metal body as a whole. In some cases, these inadequately rounded edge areas can still be tolerated if they are then welded to overlap with one another, but occasionally difficulties arise. However, such inadequately rounded edge areas in sheet metal bodies have proven to be particularly disruptive, the front and rear edges of which are butt-joined, for example by means of beam welding.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung sowie eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung derart weiterzubilden, dass der Krümmungsradius der gerundeten Blechkörper im Bereich der Vorder- und Hinterkante genauer mit dem vorgesehenen Krümmungsradius übereinstimmt, und dies auch dann, wenn aus verhältnismässig dicken Blechen Dosenkörper mit verhältnismässig geringem Durchmesser hergestellt werden.The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method of the type described at the outset and a device suitable for carrying out the method in such a way that the radius of curvature of the rounded sheet metal bodies in the region of the front and rear edges corresponds more precisely to the intended radius of curvature, and this also then, if can bodies with a relatively small diameter are produced from relatively thick sheet metal.

Die Aufgabe ist, soweit sie das Verfahren betrifft, erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass man bei fortgesetzter Drehung der angetriebenen Biegewalze das elastisch aufgebogene Blech sich wieder entspannen und die Vorderkante anschliessend an die Hinterkante erneut zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen hindurchlaufen lässt.As far as the method is concerned, the object is achieved according to the invention in that when the driven bending roller continues to rotate, the elastically bent sheet metal relaxes again and the leading edge then runs again between the bending roller and the support rollers to the rear edge.

Im Gegensatz zum vorausgesetzten Stand der Technik wird also die Vorderkante des schon weitgehend gerundeten Blechkörpers vor dem zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen gebildeten Walzenspalt, den sie schon durchlaufen hat, nicht endgültig gefangen, sondern solange zurückgehalten, bis sie nicht mehr in eine mit dem hinteren Randbereich des Blechs überlappende Stellung gelangen kann. Sobald die Hinterkante des Blechs zumindest annähernd zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen hindurchgelaufen ist, gibt man das Blech in seinem vorderen Bereich wieder frei, so dass es, mit seiner Vorderkante mehr oder weniger dicht hinter der Hinterkante, erneut zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen hindurchläuft und dabei einen Krümmungsradius erhält, der dem Durchmesser des fertigen Blechkörpers besser angepasst ist.In contrast to the presupposed prior art, the front edge of the already largely rounded sheet metal body is not finally caught in front of the nip formed between the bending roller and the backup rollers, which it has already passed, but is held back until it no longer fits into the rear one Edge area of the sheet can overlap position. As soon as the rear edge of the sheet has run at least approximately between the bending roller and the support rollers, the front area of the sheet is released again so that it runs again, with its front edge more or less closely behind the rear edge, between the bending roller and the support rollers and thereby obtains a radius of curvature that is better adapted to the diameter of the finished sheet metal body.

Bei einer bevorzugten Durchführungsweise des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird zum elastischen Aufbiegen des Blechs dessen an die Vorderkante anschliessender Abschnitt mindestens annähemd entgegen der Einlaufrichtung von der Biegewalze wegbewegt. Es wäre aber auch möglich, die Vorderkante des Blechs z.B. in der bekannten Weise mit einem hakenförmigen Formkörper einzufangen, sofern dieser so gestaltet und beweglich ist, dass er die Vorderkante des Blechs rechtzeitig für den zweiten Durchlauf zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen freigibt.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, for the elastic bending of the sheet, its section adjoining the front edge is moved away from the bending roll at least approximately counter to the direction of entry. But it would also be possible to e.g. capture in the known manner with a hook-shaped body, provided that it is designed and movable so that it releases the front edge of the sheet in time for the second pass between the bending roller and the support rollers.

Bei dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren kann die - zum zweitenmal zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen hindurchgelaufene - Vorderkante des fertig gerundeten Blechs gefangen und das Blech axial von der Biegewalze weg in eine Führung eingeschoben werden, in der die Vorder- und Hinterkanten in eine Stellung gebracht werden, in der sie miteinander verbunden, insbesondere verschweisst werden. Diese - abgesehen von dem zweiten Durchlaufen der Vorderkante des Blechs bekannten - Verfahrensmerkmale können erfindungsgemäss derart weitergebildet werden, dass die Vorderkante erst gefangen wird, nachdem sie anschliessend an den zweiten Durchlauf zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen auch zwischen mindestens einem zusätzlichen Formgebungselement und der Biegewalze zum zweitenmal hindurchgelaufen ist. Dadurch wird die Formgenauigkeit des gerundeten Blechs in dem an seine Vorderkante anschliessenden Bereich noch weiter verbessert.In the method according to the invention, the front edge of the finished rounded sheet metal, which has run between the bending roller and the support rollers for the second time, can be caught and that Sheet metal are pushed axially away from the bending roller into a guide in which the front and rear edges are brought into a position in which they are connected to one another, in particular welded. These - apart from the second pass through the front edge of the sheet - method features can be further developed according to the invention in such a way that the front edge is caught only after it has been connected to the second pass between the bending roll and the support rolls and also between at least one additional shaping element and the bending roll has run through it twice. This further improves the shape accuracy of the rounded sheet in the area adjoining its front edge.

Die zuletzt beschriebene Verfahrensweise lässt sich dadurch vervollkommnen, dass man das Blech, beginnend mit dem ersten Durchlauf seiner Vorderkante zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen, unter der Einwirkung des mindestens einen zusätzlichen Formgebungselements einen Weg von etwa 420° bis 480°, vorzugsweise 440° bis 460°, um die Biegewalze ausführen lässt.The procedure described last can be perfected in that the sheet, starting with the first pass of its leading edge between the bending roll and the support rolls, under the action of the at least one additional shaping element, a path of approximately 420 ° to 480 ° , preferably 440 ° to 460 ° to run the bending roller.

Schliesslich ist es vorteilhaft, wenn man das Blech nach Vollendung seines Umlaufs um die Biegewalze von der Einwirkung jedes zusätzlichen Formgebungselements befreit, es von der Rundestation in die Positionierstation bewegt, weiterdreht und seine Vorderkante erst nach ungefähr zwei vollen Umläufen fängt. Auf diese Weise lässt sich das gerundete Blech besonders genau in eine definierte Stellung bringen, in der es dann zur Weiterverarbeitung, insbesondere zum Stumpfschweissen seiner Vorder- und Hinterkanten, vorbereitet werden kann.Finally, it is advantageous if the sheet is freed from the action of any additional shaping element after it has completed its rotation around the bending roll, it is moved from the rounding station into the positioning station, rotated further and its front edge is only caught after approximately two full rotations. In this way, the rounded sheet can be brought particularly precisely into a defined position, in which it can then be prepared for further processing, in particular for butt welding its front and rear edges.

Zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens eignet sich besonders eine Blechrunde-Vorrichtung, die mit einer aus der US-A 3 117 214 bekannten Vorrichtung darin übereinstimmt, dass sie mit einer Zuführstrecke zum Zuführen ebener Bleche, einer auf der einen Seite der Zuführstrecke angeordneten Biegewalze, mehreren auf der anderen Seite der Zuführstrecke angeordneten Stützwalzen und mindestens einem in der Zuführrichtung hinter den Stützwalzen angeordneten zusätzlichen Formgebungselement zum Biegen der Bleche um den Umfang der Biegewalze herum ausgestattet ist, wobei ein Ablenkkörper vorgesehen ist, der mindestens annähernd radial von der Biegewalze wegbewegbar ist.A sheet metal round device is particularly suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, which corresponds to a device known from US Pat. No. 3,117,214 in that it has several with a feed section for feeding flat sheets, a bending roll arranged on one side of the feed section support rollers arranged on the other side of the feed path and at least one additional shaping element arranged in the feed direction behind the support rollers for bending the metal sheets around the circumference of the bending roller, a deflection body being provided which can be moved at least approximately radially away from the bending roller.

Erfindungsgemäss ist eine solche Vorrichtung dadurch weitergebildet, dass der Ablenkkörper einen sichelförmigen Querschnitt hat, mit seiner konkaven Seite an die Biegewalze angepasst ist und mindestens annähernd an ihr anliegt, wenn er seine Ruhestellung einnimmt. Ueber einen solchen Ablenkkörper lässt sich das Blech beim Runden störungsfrei hinwegbewegen, bis seine Vorderkante sich dem Walzenspalt zwischen der Biegewalze und den Stützwalzen wieder soweit genähert hat, dass der vordere Bereich des Blechs durch die vorgesehene Bewegung des Ablenkkörpers von der Walze weg abgelenkt werden muss.According to the invention, such a device is further developed in that the deflecting body has a crescent-shaped cross section, its concave side is adapted to the bending roller and, at least approximately, rests against it when it is in its rest position. With such a deflector, the sheet can be smoothly moved away during rounding until its front edge has again approached the nip between the bending roll and the support rolls to such an extent that the front area of the sheet must be deflected away from the roll by the intended movement of the deflecting body.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung einer solchen Vorrichtung besteht darin, dass das mindestens eine hinter der Biegewalze bzw. den Stützwalzen angeordnete zusätzliche Formgebungselement mindestens annähernd radial zur Biegewalze federnd abgestützt ist und eine Andrückwalze aufweist. Dadurch ist es möglich, erhebliche, in Bezug zur Biegewalze radiale Kräfte auf das Blech auszuüben, ohne dass dessen Bewegung um die Biegewalze herum ein nennenswerter Widerstand entgegengesetzt wird.An advantageous development of such a device is that the at least one additional shaping element arranged behind the bending roller or the supporting rollers is resiliently supported at least approximately radially with respect to the bending roller and has a pressure roller. This makes it possible to exert considerable, radial forces with respect to the bending roller on the sheet metal without the movement of the latter around the bending roller being opposed to any appreciable resistance.

Vorzugsweise sind hinter der Biegewalze bzw. den Stützwalzen mehrere Andrückwalzen in verschiedenen zur Biegewalze mindestens annähernd radialen Richtungen federnd an einem gemeinsamen Träger angeordnet, der als Ganzes zur Biegewalze hin und von ihr weg verstellbar ist.Preferably, behind the bending roller or the support rollers, a plurality of pressure rollers in different directions, at least approximately radial to the bending roller, are arranged resiliently on a common support, which as a whole is adjustable towards and away from the bending roller.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen mit weiteren Einzelheiten erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Schrägansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung zum Runden von Dosenblech und
  • Fig. 2 bis 4 einen senkrechten Schnitt der Vorrichtung in drei verschiedenen Arbeitsstellungen.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic drawings. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 is an oblique view of an inventive device for rounding can and
  • Fig. 2 to 4 is a vertical section of the device in three different working positions.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung dient dem Zweck, ebene, rechteckige Bleche 10 aus Weissblech von beispielsweise 0,3 mm Dicke zu Dosenkörpem von beispielsweise 40 mm Durchmesser zu runden. Die Bleche 10 haben je eine Vorderkante 10a und eine Hinterkante 10b, die nach dem Runden in einem geringen Abstand parallel zueinander angeordnet sein sollen; die Rundung soll sich möglichst gleichmässig bis zu diesen beiden Kanten 10a und 10b erstrecken.The device shown serves the purpose of rounding flat, rectangular sheets 10 of tinplate, for example 0.3 mm thick, to form can bodies, for example 40 mm in diameter. The sheets 10 each have a leading edge 10a and a trailing edge 10b, which after rounding should be arranged parallel to one another at a short distance; the curve should extend as evenly as possible up to these two edges 10a and 10b.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung hat eine Zuführstrecke 12 mit einer Einlegestation 14, in welche die Bleche 10 einzeln eingelegt werden. Unter der Einlegestation 14 erstreckt sich der obere Strang einer Förderkette 16, die von einer Antriebswelle 18 schrittweise antreibbar ist und in Abständen entsprechend der Länge der Bleche 10 Mitnehmer 20 aufweist. Von der Einlegestation 14 erstrecken sich parallele Führungsschienen 22, welche die Bleche 10 nach beiden Seiten, sowie nach oben und unten führen, bis zu einem Walzenspalt zwischen zwei senkrecht übereinander angeordneten, waagerechten Transportwalzen 24 und 26. Die obere Transportwalze 26 ist an einem senkrecht einstellbaren, nach unten hin elastisch vorgespannen Transportwalzenträger 28 gelagert. Beide Transportwalzen 24 und 26 sind von einem nicht dargestellten Motor über ein Getriebe 30 antreibbar, mit dem auch die Antriebswelle 18 verbunden ist.The device shown has a feed section 12 with an insertion station 14, into which the sheets 10 are individually inserted. The upper strand of a conveyor chain 16 extends below the insertion station 14 and can be driven step by step by a drive shaft 18 and has drivers 20 at intervals corresponding to the length of the sheets. Parallel guide rails 22, which guide the sheets 10 to both sides and up and down, extend from the insertion station 14 to a nip between two horizontal transport rollers 24 and 26 arranged vertically one above the other. The upper transport roller 26 is adjustable on a vertically adjustable one , elastically preloaded downward transport roller carrier 28 stored. Both transport rollers 24 and 26 can be driven by a motor, not shown, via a gear 30, to which the drive shaft 18 is also connected.

Hinter den Transportwalzen 24 und 26 sind eine Biegewalze 32 und mehrere Stützwalzen 34 angeordnet, deren Drehachsen ebenfalls waagerecht und parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, jedoch derart dass die durch sie definierte Ebene nach oben hin mit der senkrechten Ebene konvergiert, in der die Drehachsen der beiden Transportwalzen 24 und 26 liegen. Die Biegewalze 32 wird als Biegewalze bezeichnet, weil das Blech 10 um sie herumgerollt wird; diese Biegewalze 32 ist ebenso wie die untere Transportwalze 24 ortsfest gelagert und in gleicher Richtung wie diese vom Getriebe 30 aus drehantreibbar. Die äusseren Stützwalzen 34 haben einen erheblich kleineren Durchmesser als die Biegewalze 32 und sind an einem Walzenträger 36 gelagert, der radial zur Biegewalze 32 entsprechend den Eigenschaften des Blechs 10, insbesondere der Blechdicke, einstellbar ist.A bending roller 32 and a plurality of support rollers 34 are arranged behind the transport rollers 24 and 26, the axes of rotation of which are likewise arranged horizontally and parallel to one another, but in such a way that the plane defined by them converges upwards with the vertical plane in which the axes of rotation of the two transport rollers 24 and 26 lie. The bending roller 32 is referred to as a bending roller because the sheet 10 is rolled around it; this bending roller 32, like the lower transport roller 24, is mounted in a stationary manner and rotates in the same direction as this from the gear 30 drivable. The outer support rollers 34 have a considerably smaller diameter than the bending roller 32 and are mounted on a roller carrier 36 which can be adjusted radially to the bending roller 32 in accordance with the properties of the sheet 10, in particular the sheet thickness.

Hinter der Biegewalze 32 und den Stützwalzen 34 ist ein Träger 38 auf einer ortsfesten Führung 40 geführt, die sich waagerecht und quer zu der Biegewalze 32 und den Stützwalzen 34 erstreckt. Der Träger 38 ist durch eine Feder 42 vorgespannt, die bestrebt ist, ihn von der inneren Biegewalze 32 wegzuziehen; dieser Feder 42 arbeiten Exzenter 44 entgegen, die auf einer vom Getriebe 30 antreibbaren Welle 46 befestigt und auf je einer am Träger 38 gelagerten Rolle 48 abwälzbar sind. Am Träger 38 ist ein Formgebungselement 50 schwenkbar gelagert, an dem eine Andrückwalze 52 gleichachsig gelagert ist. Das Formgebungselement 50 ist einstellbar und derart elastisch vorgespannt, dass die Andrückwalze 52 bestrebt ist, sich an der Biegewalze 32 abzuwälzen.Behind the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34, a carrier 38 is guided on a stationary guide 40 which extends horizontally and transversely to the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34. The carrier 38 is biased by a spring 42 which tends to pull it away from the inner bending roll 32; This spring 42 is opposed by eccentrics 44 which are fastened to a shaft 46 which can be driven by the gear 30 and which can be rolled on a roller 48 mounted on the carrier 38. A shaping element 50 is pivotally mounted on the carrier 38, on which a pressure roller 52 is supported coaxially. The shaping element 50 is adjustable and elastically pretensioned in such a way that the pressure roller 52 strives to roll on the bending roller 32.

Am Träger 38 sind zwei weitere Formgebungselemente 54 ungefähr radial zur inneren Biegewalze 32 verschiebbar geführt, an denen Andrückwalzen 56 gelagert sind, deren Durchmesser etwa demjenigen der Stützwalzen 34 entspricht und erheblich kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der Andrückwalze 52. Die Formgebungselemente 54 sind ebenfalls einstellbar derart vorgespannt, dass die Andrückwalzen 56 bestrebt sind, sich an der Biegewalze 32 abzuwälzen.Two further shaping elements 54 are displaceably guided on the carrier 38 approximately radially to the inner bending roller 32, on which pressure rollers 56 are mounted, the diameter of which corresponds approximately to that of the support rollers 34 and is considerably smaller than the diameter of the pressure roller 52. The shaping elements 54 can also be adjusted in this way biased that the pressure rollers 56 strive to roll on the bending roller 32.

Auf der Antriebswelle 18 ist eine Kurvenscheibe 58 befestigt, die einen Winkelhebel 60 steuert. Am Winkelhebel 60 ist das eine Ende eines parallel zur Biegewalze 32 angeordneten, langgestreckten Ablenkkörpers 62 von sicheiförmigem Querschnitt befestigt. Der Ablenkkörper 62 ist in Fig. 2 und 4 in einer Ruhestellung abgebildet, in der er mindestens annähernd an der Mantelfläche der Biegewalze 32 anliegt; aus dieser Ruhestellung ist der Ablenkkörper 62 gemäss Fig. 3 im wesentlichen radial von der Biegewalze 32 weg in Richtung zur unteren Transportwalze 24 hin bewegbar.A cam disk 58, which controls an angle lever 60, is fastened on the drive shaft 18. On the angle lever 60, one end of an elongated deflecting body 62, which is arranged parallel to the bending roller 32 and has a crescent-shaped cross section, is fastened. The deflecting body 62 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 in a rest position in which it bears at least approximately on the lateral surface of the bending roller 32; 3, the deflecting body 62 can be moved essentially radially away from the bending roller 32 in the direction of the lower transport roller 24.

Von der Kurvenscheibe 58 wird gemäss Fig. 1 auch ein schwenkbarer Lagerblock 64 gesteuert, auf dem eine Stützrolle 66 zur Unterstützung der Biegewalze 32 gelagert ist.1, a pivotable bearing block 64 is also controlled by the cam disk 58, on which a support roller 66 is supported to support the bending roller 32.

Der Stützrolle 66 in Bezug auf die Biegewalze 32 ungefähr gegenüber ist gemäss Fig. 1 eine Gruppe hakenförmiger Fanghebel 68 um eine ortsfeste Achse 70 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Fanghebel sind von Kurvenscheiben 72 gesteuert, die auf der Welle 46 befestigt sind.1, a group of hook-shaped catch levers 68 is mounted so as to be pivotable about a stationary axis 70, approximately opposite the support roller 66 with respect to the bending roller 32. The catch levers are controlled by cams 72 which are fastened on the shaft 46.

Parallel zur Achse der Biegewalze 32 und unterhalb davon ist eine Wegführstrecke 74 ausgebildet, auf der schwenkbare Klinken 76 hin- und herbewegbar sind. Ebenfalls parallel zur Achse der Biegewalze 34 und in axialer Fortsetzung ist, in Fig. 1 dem Betrachter zugewandt, eine Führung 78 angeordnet, die an ihren beiden Seiten je ein Nut 80 bzw. 82 hat und dadurch ein ungefähr Z-förmiges Profil aufweist.A path 74 is formed parallel to the axis of the bending roller 32 and below it, on which pivotable pawls 76 can be moved back and forth. Also parallel to the axis of the bending roller 34 and in an axial continuation, in FIG. 1 facing the viewer, a guide 78 is arranged which has a groove 80 and 82 on each of its two sides and thereby has an approximately Z-shaped profile.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung arbeitet folgendermassen:
Bei jedem Arbeitszyklus der Vorrichtung wird ein Blech 10 von der Einlegestation 14 zu den Transportwalzen 24, 26 gefördert und von diesen erfasst. Beim nächsten Arbeitszyklus wird das Blech 10 von den Transportwalzen 24, 26 zur Biegewalze 32 und den Stützwalzen 34 transportiert, von der Andrückwalze 52 erfasst und um die Biegewalze 32 herumgebogen. Dabei nimmt der Ablenkkörper 62 zunächst die in Fig. 2 abgebildete Ruhestellung ein, in der das Blech 10 beim Runden auf den Ablenkkörper 62 aufläuft. Unmittelbar darauf wird der Ablenkkörper 62 aus seiner Ruhestellung gemäss Fig. 2 in seine von der Biegewalze 32 entfernte Stellung gemäss Fig.3 bewegt. Dadurch wird die Vorderkante 10a des Blechs 10 daran gehindert, gegen den hinteren Bereich des Blechs zu stossen und zusammen mit diesem in den Spalt zwischen der Biegewalze 32 und den Stützwalzen 34 zu gelangen. Sobald aber bei fortgesetzter Drehung der Biegewalze 32 die Hinterkante 10b des Blechs 10 den Spalt zwischen der Biegewalze 32 und den Stützwalzen 34 durchwandert hat, wird der Ablenkkörper 62 wieder in seine Ruhestellung zurückbewegt, sodass nun die Vorderkante 10a des Blechs 10 erneut in den Spalt zwischen der Biegewalze 32 und den Stützwalzen 34 gelangt und diesen sowie den Spalt zwischen der Biegewalze 32 und der ersten Andrückwalze 52 durchwandert.The device described works as follows:
During each working cycle of the device, a sheet 10 is conveyed from the insertion station 14 to the transport rollers 24, 26 and is grasped by them. In the next working cycle, the sheet 10 is transported by the transport rollers 24, 26 to the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34, gripped by the pressure roller 52 and bent around the bending roller 32. The deflecting body 62 initially assumes the rest position shown in FIG. 2, in which the sheet 10 runs onto the deflecting body 62 during rounding. Immediately thereafter, the deflection body 62 is moved from its rest position according to FIG. 2 into its position according to FIG. 3, which is distant from the bending roller 32. As a result, the front edge 10a of the sheet 10 is prevented from bumping against the rear area of the sheet and, together with the latter, entering the gap between the bending roll 32 and the support rolls 34. However, as soon as the rear edge 10b of the sheet 10 has moved through the gap between the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34 with continued rotation of the bending roller 32, the deflecting body 62 is moved back into its rest position, so that the front edge 10a of the sheet 10 now again in the gap between the bending roller 32 and the support rollers 34 and passes through this and the gap between the bending roller 32 and the first pressure roller 52.

Wenn die Vorderkante 10a den Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Andrückwalzen 56 erreicht hat, wird der Arbeitsgang des Rundens als abgeschlossen betrachtet und der Träger 38 von der Biegewalze 32 wegbewegt, so dass sämtliche Andrückwalzen 52 und 56 gemäss Fig. 4 den Kontakt mit dem Blech 10 verlieren. Anschliessend wird das Blech 10 von einer Rundestation 31 mit einer Klinke 76 in eine Positionierstation 69 geschoben. Das Blech 10 wird dann durch fortgesetzten Antrieb der Biegewalze 32 solange weitergedreht, bis die hakenförmigen Fanghebel 68 in den Spalt einrasten, der zwischen Vorderkante 10a und Hinterkante 10b des Blechs offengeblieben ist. Dadurch wird die Drehung des Blechs beendet und gleichzeitig wird die Stützrolle 66 von der Biegewalze 32 wegbewegt, so dass das Blech nun von einer der Klinken 76 axial von der Biegewalze weg in die Führung 78 geschoben werden kann, wobei die Vorderkante 10a in die Nut 80 und die Hinterkante 10b in die Nut 82 gelangt.When the leading edge 10a has reached the space between the two pressure rollers 56, the rounding operation is considered complete and the carrier 38 is moved away from the bending roller 32, so that all pressure rollers 52 and 56 lose contact with the sheet 10 as shown in FIG. 4 . The sheet 10 is then pushed from a round station 31 with a pawl 76 into a positioning station 69. The sheet metal 10 is then rotated further by continuing to drive the bending roller 32 until the hook-shaped catch levers 68 engage in the gap which has remained open between the front edge 10a and the rear edge 10b of the sheet metal. This stops the rotation of the sheet and at the same time the support roller 66 is moved away from the bending roller 32, so that the sheet can now be pushed axially away from the bending roller into the guide 78 by one of the pawls 76, the front edge 10a into the groove 80 and the rear edge 10b enters the groove 82.

Claims (8)

1. A method of making metal sheets round, particularly for can bodies, each having a front and a rear edge which are subsequently connected, particularly welded, to one another, wherein each sheet (10) travels, with its front edge (10a) leading, between a driven bending roll (32) and a plurality of back-up rolls (34) and, assisted by at least one additional shaping element (50) disposed behind the bending roll (32), is bent round the bending roll (32), the almost completely rounded sheet (10) being resiliently bent up in order to keep the front edge (10a) away from the bending roll (32) and back-up rolls (34) respectively, while the rear edge (10b) travels through between them, characterised in that, while the driven bending roll (32) continues to rotate, the resiliently bent-up sheet (10) is allowed to relax again and the front edge (10a) is again allowed to travel through between the bending roll (32) and the back-up rolls (34), following on the rear edge (10b).
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that, in order to bend the sheet (10) up resiliently, its portion following on the front edge (10a) is moved away from the bending roll (32) at least substantially counter to the entry direction.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, wherein the front edge (10a) of the fully rounded sheet (10) is caught and the sheet is pushed axially away from the bending roll (32) into a guide (78) in which the front and rear edges (10a, 10b) are brought into a position in which they are connected, particularly welded, to one another, characterised in that the front edge (10a) is caught only after it has travelled, following on the second passage through between the bending roll (32) and the back-up rolls (34), also through between at least one additional shaping element (50) and the bending roll (32) for the second time and has been pushed from a rounding station (31) to a positioning station (69).
4. A method as claimed in Claim 3, characterised in that, beginning with the first passage of its front edge (10a) between the bending roll (32) and the back-up rolls (34), the sheet (10) is allowed to cover a distance of about 420° to 480°, preferably 440° to 460°, round the bending roll (32) under the action of the at least one additional shaping element (50).
5. A method as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that, after completing its travel round the bending roll (32), the sheet (10) is freed from the action of each additional shaping element (50, 54), brought from the rounding station (31) to the positioning station (69), is rotated further, and its front edge (10a) is caught only after about two complete revolutions.
6. A metal-sheet rounding apparatus for carrying out the method as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 5, having a feed section (12) for the feed of plane sheets (10), a bending roll (32) disposed at one side of the feed section, a plurality of back-up rolls (34) disposed at the other side of the feed section, and at least one additional shaping element disposed behind the back-up rolls (34) in the feed direction to bend the sheets round the circumference of the bending roll (32), a deflecting member (62) being provided which can be moved away from the bending roll (32) at least substantially radially, characterised in that the deflecting member (62) has a sickle- shaped cross-section, is adapted, by its concave side, to the bending roll (32), and bears at least approximately against it when it assumes its position of rest.
7. A metal-sheet rounding apparatus as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that at least one additional shaping element (50) disposed behind the bending roll (32) or back-up rolls (34) is resiliently supported at least substantially radially to the bending roll (32) and comprises a pressure roll (52).
8. A metal-sheet rounding apparatus as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that, disposed behind the bending roll (32) or the back-up rolls (34), resiliently in various directions which are at least substantially radial to the bending roll (32), are a plurality of pressure rolls (52, 56) on a common carrier (38) which is adjustable as a whole, towards the bending roll (32) and away from it.
EP86107402A 1985-06-11 1986-05-31 Method of bending metal strip, in particular for can bodies Expired - Lifetime EP0205992B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2457/85A CH669130A5 (en) 1985-06-11 1985-06-11 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ROUNDING SHEETS, ESPECIALLY FOR CAN BODIES.
CH2457/85 1985-06-11

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EP0205992A2 EP0205992A2 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0205992A3 EP0205992A3 (en) 1987-09-23
EP0205992B1 true EP0205992B1 (en) 1990-04-04

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EP (1) EP0205992B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61286028A (en)
BR (1) BR8602698A (en)
CA (1) CA1266606A (en)
CH (1) CH669130A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3523608A1 (en)
DK (1) DK275386A (en)
ES (1) ES8703307A1 (en)
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GB (1) GB2176139B (en)
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ES8703307A1 (en) 1987-03-01
DE3523608A1 (en) 1986-12-11
CA1266606A (en) 1990-03-13
GB8612338D0 (en) 1986-06-25
BR8602698A (en) 1987-02-10
ES555951A0 (en) 1987-03-01
FI88003C (en) 1993-03-25
DK275386A (en) 1986-12-12
CH669130A5 (en) 1989-02-28
GB2176139B (en) 1989-04-05
JPS61286028A (en) 1986-12-16
FI862374A (en) 1986-12-12
DE3670014D1 (en) 1990-05-10
GR861494B (en) 1986-10-10
GB2176139A (en) 1986-12-17
JPH034283B2 (en) 1991-01-22
EP0205992A3 (en) 1987-09-23
US4726210A (en) 1988-02-23
DK275386D0 (en) 1986-06-11
FI88003B (en) 1992-12-15
EP0205992A2 (en) 1986-12-30
ZA864293B (en) 1987-02-25
FI862374A0 (en) 1986-06-04

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