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EP0180840B1 - Method and automatic plant for packaging food products, especially sausages - Google Patents

Method and automatic plant for packaging food products, especially sausages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180840B1
EP0180840B1 EP85113316A EP85113316A EP0180840B1 EP 0180840 B1 EP0180840 B1 EP 0180840B1 EP 85113316 A EP85113316 A EP 85113316A EP 85113316 A EP85113316 A EP 85113316A EP 0180840 B1 EP0180840 B1 EP 0180840B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shells
foodstuffs
film strip
depressions
film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85113316A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0180840A1 (en
Inventor
Attilo Lombardi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rapelli SA
Original Assignee
Rapelli SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rapelli SA filed Critical Rapelli SA
Priority to AT85113316T priority Critical patent/ATE29857T1/en
Publication of EP0180840A1 publication Critical patent/EP0180840A1/en
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Publication of EP0180840B1 publication Critical patent/EP0180840B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/02Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs
    • B65B9/04Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material between opposed webs one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for packaging foods, in particular sausages, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and an automatic system for carrying out the method according to the preamble of patent claim 11.
  • Packaging processes of this type are used in particular for packaging sliced sausages. They are to be distinguished from those processes in which the first film web is not preformed for packaging the sausage slices, but is used as a flat web just like the second film web, so that the sausage slices lying between the two flat film sections of the finished packaging are pressed together when the packaging is gripped will. In order to avoid this, bulges are formed in the first film web in the packaging process mentioned at the beginning.
  • the first film web is usually such. B. described in CH-PS 581 046, passed through a hot forming station, in which several bulges are formed side by side in a transverse row in the first film web.
  • the first film container provided with the bulges is then moved through a filling zone, where the sausage slices to be packaged are filled into the bulges either by hand or automatically.
  • the sausage slices are inserted into the bulges in the working cycle of the deformation station. This means that you cut the sausage in advance and then quickly distribute it into the bulges of a transverse row according to the work cycle of the deformation station. There is a risk that the sausage slices will be damaged and look unappetizing. And even a brief delay in the sausage slice feed causes an interruption in the conveying cycle of the film webs and thus the risk of malfunctions in the formation of the bulges and the welding (sealing) of the film webs.
  • the object of the invention is to introduce the foodstuffs, in particular sausage slices, carefully and yet quickly, namely in the cycle in which the bulges are formed.
  • the system should be fully automatic and without handling, i.e. work without operator intervention.
  • the conveying speed or the conveying cycle of the first conveying device conveying the prefabricated trays can be adapted precisely to the time required in each case for the introduction of the food.
  • the foodstuffs, in particular sausages can be cut open according to claims 3 and 6 directly via a conveying path on which the trays are conveyed, so that the sausage slices each fall directly into a tray and any contact of the slices when entering the trays is avoided .
  • the trays can be grouped in such a way that the trays of a group are in the correct mutual arrangement for insertion into the bulges of one or more successive transverse rows.
  • the shells grouped in this way are then conveyed to the first film web by the second conveying device and inserted into the bulges in groups. Due to the fact that the loaded trays are transported independently of the loading process by the second conveyor device, short delays in processing the food and loading the trays can be compensated for, i.e. the second conveyor has a buffer effect. To compensate for the delays mentioned, a buffer zone can also be provided in which the loaded trays are temporarily stored.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that, by suitable choice of the material of the trays and the film webs, all packaging requirements can be met. So far this has not been possible. Rather, you had to make compromises when choosing the material for the first film web because there were requirements that could not be met, such as easy deformability, high bending strength and environmentally friendly shredding.
  • the material for the lower film web and that for the trays can be selected so that both together optimally meet the different requirements.
  • a flexible, easily deformable and gas-tight material can be used for the film web and a relatively rigid (“semi-hard”) material and, if necessary, porous material for absorbing liquid, both materials preferably consisting of chlorine-free plastic for environmental reasons.
  • the system has a magazine 1 in which two stacks of prefabricated shells 2 are stored.
  • the in the top view (Fig. 5) rectangular shells 2 are chamfered at one corner and have an outwardly projecting collar 3 running around the entire circumference of the shell. They are arranged in the magazine 1 in such a way that their long sides in the conveying direction are described below Conveyor belts are lying.
  • the trays 2 are placed in pairs by an automatic device (not shown) from the magazine 1 onto a conveyor belt 4, to which a conveyor belt 5 connects, which conveys the trays to a cutting machine 6.
  • the conveyor belt 5 is adjoined by two conveyor belts 7 running next to one another at a distance, each of which accommodates one of the trays 2 fed alongside one another on the belt.
  • the novel cutting machine 6 is arranged on a frame 10 bridging the conveyor belts 5, 7 and 8, so that the trays conveyed by the conveyor belts 5, 7 and 8 reach directly under the cutting zone.
  • the cutting machine 6 has a relatively large diameter, directly above the conveyor belts 7 and 8 arranged cutting knife, the cutting plane is inclined to the vertical.
  • the two conveyor belts 7, 8 are reversibly driven and laterally displaceable by means of a displacement device (not shown).
  • the drive and the shifting device are controlled in such a way that the shell 2 placed on the conveyor belt 7 or 8 first passes in the conveying direction 16 under the cutting knife of the cutting machine 6, then is shifted laterally, then against the conveying direction 16 under the cutting knife runs back and is finally conveyed again in the conveying direction 16 to a conveyor belt 17 adjoining the belts 7, 8.
  • the cutting machine 6 is put into operation, the disks 19 cut from the cutting knife falling directly into the shells 2.
  • the inclined position of the cutting knife ensures that the disks 19 lie flat against one another in the shell. Because of the lateral displacement of the belt 7 or 8 between the forward and backward movement, each tray 2 is loaded with two rows of disks 19 arranged next to one another and partially overlapping one another, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the conveyor belt 17 conveys the loaded trays 2 to a table 18, on which the trays are rotated through 90 ° by means of a (not shown) rotating device and brought in pairs onto a slide 20 from which they slide onto a conveyor belt 21.
  • Two pairs of guide rails can be arranged on the slide 20 and / or at the end of the table 18 in order to correctly position the trays transversely to the conveying direction 16 for the group formation described below.
  • a grouping and positioning device 22 is arranged above the conveyor belt 21, by means of which the shells 2 are grouped into groups of six 23. The six shells of a group are brought into the correct position for insertion into the bulges of a first film web described below.
  • the device 22 has three shafts 24 to 26 which extend one behind the other across the conveyor belt 21 and to which stops 27 are attached, which can be rotated into and out of the conveying path of the shells by rotating the shafts and serve to line up the shells.
  • the stops 27 of the foremost shaft 24 are first rotated into the conveying path, and after the first pair of shells has struck against them, the stops of the middle shaft 25 and finally the stops of the rearmost shaft 26 are rotated into the conveying path. In this way there is finally the first pair of shells on the shaft 26 and a further pair of shells on the shafts 25 and 24.
  • all stops 27 are turned out of the way of travel so that the shell group 23 is further requested by the conveyor belt 21.
  • the conveyor belt 21 conveys the shell groups 23 to a first film web 30 guided to it.
  • bulges 32 adapted to the shells 2 are formed in the film web 30 drawn off from a supply roll 31.
  • two transverse rows, each with three bulges 32, that is to say a group of a total of six bulges, are simultaneously formed in a conventional hot deformation device 33.
  • the tray group 23, which is conveyed by the conveyor belt 21 to the film web 30, is lifted off the conveyor belt 21 by means of a fork-shaped organ 35, brought over the bulges 32 of the film web 30 and lowered into this, as indicated by arrows 36 in FIG. 3.
  • the fork-shaped member 35 has two arm pairs 37, 38, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt 21 and which are guided under the collars 3 of the three successively arranged pairs of shells 2 of the respective group, so that all six shells of the group simultaneously on their collars 3 from the conveyor belt 21 can be lifted off and brought into the bulges 32. Then the arm pairs 37, 38 withdrawn again, the shells 2 remaining in the bulges 32 and the collars 3 reaching over the edges of the bulges.
  • the film web 30 is then guided to a welding station 40.
  • a second film web 42 drawn off from a supply roll 41 is guided onto the first film web 30 and a protective gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is passed between the films 30, 42, the air present being removed.
  • the two film webs 30, 42 are then welded together around the collar 3 of the shells 2.
  • the collar of the shells is also welded to the second film web 42 (or to both film webs) so that the shells are firmly seated in the bulges 32.
  • the interconnected film webs are then guided into a cutting station 43, in which the packages 45 obtained in the manner described coherently are separated from one another.
  • the shells 2 are chamfered at one corner, the collar corner 47 in question also being chamfered.
  • the bulges 32 are chamfered at a corner.
  • the two film webs 30, 42 like the rest of the shell circumference, are also welded at the beveled corner immediately adjacent to the collar.
  • the packaging 45 in the cutting station 43 is separated exactly rectangular.
  • the film web 42 of the packaging 45 receives a corner 48 which is not welded to the film web 30 and which serves as a tear-open corner for tearing open the packaging 45.
  • Polystyrene with admixed K-resin is preferably used as the material for the shells 2.
  • Polyamide-polyethylene composite film is particularly suitable for the first (lower) film web 30, and cellophane-polyethylene composite film for the second (upper) film web 42. Since the shells 2 are to be welded to the foils on their collar 3, polystyrene shells coated with polyethylene are used. For reasons of environmental protection, as mentioned, it is essential that chlorine-free plastics are used for the trays and the film webs.
  • the system enables high packaging rates of e.g. B. 60 packs per minute because the sausage slices are introduced into the trays independently of the conveying cycle of the film webs, interruptions in processing result in e.g. B. as a result of loading new salami sausages in the holding device 15, not to interruptions and consequent disruptions in the film processing.
  • the weight of the sausage slices inserted can be continuously monitored and it can be ensured that the total weight of the slices entered in a tray remains constant, so that the price labeling is simplified.
  • the thickness of the slices can be changed by appropriate control of the cutting machine 6 if the continuously determined weights of the individual slices show that the desired total weight does not correspond to an integral multiple of the weight of the individual slices. Any handling of the sausage slices is preferably also avoided in the wagon, that is to say the shell is weighed during loading and the weight of the individual slices is determined as the differential weight.
  • the method according to the invention is also suitable for packaging other foods, in particular those which should be packed immediately after processing, if possible without further handling. If the processing takes a relatively long time, the trays can also be conveyed to a central location on a plurality of independent conveying paths, grouped there and then conveyed in groups to the first film web and introduced into the bulges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)

Abstract

1. A method of packaging foodstuffs (19), in particular sausage goods, wherein depressions (32) are moulded into a first film strip (30) which serves to form the bottom parts of packages, the foodstuffs (19) are placed into the depression (32), a second film strip (42) which serves to form the top parts of packages is placed on the first film strip (30) and is tightly connected to this latter around each depression (32), the connected packages (45) which result being separeted from one another, characterised in that prefabricated shells (2) are loaded with the foodstuffs (19), the loaded shells (2) being placed into the depressions (32) in the first film strip (30).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verpacken von Lebensmitteln, insbesondere von Wurstwaren, gemäss den Oberbegriff des Patentenspruchs 1 und eine automatische Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 11.The invention relates to a method for packaging foods, in particular sausages, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and an automatic system for carrying out the method according to the preamble of patent claim 11.

Verpackungsverfahren dieser Art werden insbesondere zum Verpacken von in Scheiben geschnittenen Wurstwaren eingesetzt. Sie sind von denjenigen Verfahren zu unterscheiden, bei denen die erste Folienbahn für das Verpacken der Wurstscheiben nicht vorgeformt, sondern ebenso wie die zweite Folienbahn als Flachbahn verwendet wird, so dass die zwischen den beiden flachen Folienabschnitten der fertigen Verpackung liegenden Wurstscheiben beim Ergreifen der Verpackung zusammengedruckt werden. Um dies zu vermeiden, werden beim eingangs genannten Verpackungsverfahren Ausbuchtungen in der ersten Folienbahn ausgeformt. Dabei wird die erste Folienbahn üblicherweise, wie z. B. in der CH-PS 581 046 beschrieben, durch eine Heissverformungsstation geführt, in welcher jeweils mehrere Ausbuchtungen nebeneinander in einer Querreihe in der ersten Folienbahn ausgeformt werden. Bei den bekannten Verfahren wird die mit den Ausbuchtungen versehene, erste Folienbehn dann durch eine Einfüllzone bewegt, wo die zu verpackenden Wurstscheiben entweder von Hand oder automatisch in die Ausbuchtungen abgefüllt werden. Dabei werden die Wurstscheiben im Arbeitstakt der Verformungsstation in die Ausbuchtungen eingebracht. Das bedingt, dass man die Wurst im voraus schneidet und dann rasch entsprechend dem Arbeitstakt der Verformungsstation in die Ausbuchtungen einer Querreihe verteilt. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass die Wurstscheiben beschädigt werden und ein unappetitliches Aussehen bekomen. Und eine auch nur kurzzeitige Verzögerung bei der Wurstscheibenzufuhr bedingt einen Unterbruch im Fördertakt der Folienbahnen und damit die Gefahr von Störungen bei der Ausformung der Ausbuchtungen und dem Verschweissen (Versiegeln) der Folienbahnen.Packaging processes of this type are used in particular for packaging sliced sausages. They are to be distinguished from those processes in which the first film web is not preformed for packaging the sausage slices, but is used as a flat web just like the second film web, so that the sausage slices lying between the two flat film sections of the finished packaging are pressed together when the packaging is gripped will. In order to avoid this, bulges are formed in the first film web in the packaging process mentioned at the beginning. The first film web is usually such. B. described in CH-PS 581 046, passed through a hot forming station, in which several bulges are formed side by side in a transverse row in the first film web. In the known methods, the first film container provided with the bulges is then moved through a filling zone, where the sausage slices to be packaged are filled into the bulges either by hand or automatically. The sausage slices are inserted into the bulges in the working cycle of the deformation station. This means that you cut the sausage in advance and then quickly distribute it into the bulges of a transverse row according to the work cycle of the deformation station. There is a risk that the sausage slices will be damaged and look unappetizing. And even a brief delay in the sausage slice feed causes an interruption in the conveying cycle of the film webs and thus the risk of malfunctions in the formation of the bulges and the welding (sealing) of the film webs.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Lebensmittel, insbesondere Wurstscheiben, sorgfaltig und doch rasch, nämlich im Takt, in dem die Ausbuchtungen ausgeformt werden, in diese einzubringen. Dabei soll die Anlage vollautomatisch und ohne Handhabung, d.h. ohne Eingreifen von Bedienungspersonal arbeiten.The object of the invention is to introduce the foodstuffs, in particular sausage slices, carefully and yet quickly, namely in the cycle in which the bulges are formed. The system should be fully automatic and without handling, i.e. work without operator intervention.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lösung dieser Aufgabe kennzeichnet sich in verfahrensmässiger Hinsicht durch die im Patentanspruch 1 und in vorrichtungsmässiger Hinsicht durch die im Patentanspruch 11 angegebenen Merkmale.The solution to this problem according to the invention is characterized in terms of the method by the features specified in claim 1 and in terms of the device by the features specified in claim 11.

Durch die Erfindung lassen sich insbesondere folgende Vorteile erzielen: Die Fördergeschwindigkeit bzw. der Fördertakt der die vorgefertigten Schalen fördernden ersten Fördervorrichtung lasst sich genau an die jeweils für das Einbringen der Lebensnittel erforderliche Zeit anpassen. Dabei können die Lebensmittel, insbesondere Wurstwaren, gemäss den Ansprüchen 3 und 6 unmittelbar über einen Förderweg aufgeschnitten werden auf den die Schalen gefördert werden, so dass die Wurstscheiben jeweils direkt in eine Schale fallen und so jegliche Berührung der Scheiben beim Eingeben in die Schalen vermieden wird. Nach den Beladen können die Schalen gemäss Anspruch 4 bzw. 14 so gruppiert werden, dass jeweils die Schalen einer Gruppe in der für das Einbringen in die Ausbuchtungen einer oder mehrerer aufeinander folgender Querreihen richtigen, gegenseitigen Anordnung sind. Die so gruppierten Schalen werden dann durch die zweite Fördervorrichtung zur ersten Folienbahn befördert und gruppenweise in die Ausbuchtungen eingesetzt. Durch die vom Beladevorgang unabhangige Beförderung der beladenen Schalen durch die zweite Fördervorrichtung lassen sich kurzzeitige Verzögerungen beim Verarbeiten der Lebensmittel und Beladen der Schalen ausgleichen, d.h. die zweite Fördervorrichtung hat eine Pufferwirkung. Zum Ausgleich der erwähnten Verzögerungen kann zudem eine Pufferzone vorgesehen sein, in der die beladenen Schalen zwischengespeichert werden.In particular, the following advantages can be achieved by the invention: The conveying speed or the conveying cycle of the first conveying device conveying the prefabricated trays can be adapted precisely to the time required in each case for the introduction of the food. The foodstuffs, in particular sausages, can be cut open according to claims 3 and 6 directly via a conveying path on which the trays are conveyed, so that the sausage slices each fall directly into a tray and any contact of the slices when entering the trays is avoided . After loading, the trays can be grouped in such a way that the trays of a group are in the correct mutual arrangement for insertion into the bulges of one or more successive transverse rows. The shells grouped in this way are then conveyed to the first film web by the second conveying device and inserted into the bulges in groups. Due to the fact that the loaded trays are transported independently of the loading process by the second conveyor device, short delays in processing the food and loading the trays can be compensated for, i.e. the second conveyor has a buffer effect. To compensate for the delays mentioned, a buffer zone can also be provided in which the loaded trays are temporarily stored.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass man durch geeignete Wahl des Materials der Schalen und der Folienbahnen sämtliche Anforderungen an die Verpackung erfüllen kann. Das war bisher nicht möglich. Vielmehr musste man Kompromisse bei der Materialwahl für die erste Folienbahn eingehen weil nichtgemeinsam erfüllbare Anforderungen wie leichte Verformbarkeit, hohe Biegesteifigkeit und umweltfreundliche Vernichtbarkeit bestehen. Beim erfindungsgemässen Verfahren kann man demgegenüber das Material für die untere Folienbahn und dasjenige für die Schalen so wählen dass beide gemeinsam die unterschiedliche Anforderung optimal erfüllen. Dabei kann für die Folienbahn ein flexibles, leicht verformbares sowie gasdichtes Material und für die Schalen ein verhältnismässig biegesteifes ("halbhartes") und gegebenenfalls zum Aufsaugen von Flüssigkeit poröses Material verwendet werden, wobei beide Materialien aus Umweltschutzgründen vorzugsweise aus chlorfreiem Kunststoff bestehen.Another advantage of the invention is that, by suitable choice of the material of the trays and the film webs, all packaging requirements can be met. So far this has not been possible. Rather, you had to make compromises when choosing the material for the first film web because there were requirements that could not be met, such as easy deformability, high bending strength and environmentally friendly shredding. In contrast, in the method according to the invention, the material for the lower film web and that for the trays can be selected so that both together optimally meet the different requirements. In this case, a flexible, easily deformable and gas-tight material can be used for the film web and a relatively rigid ("semi-hard") material and, if necessary, porous material for absorbing liquid, both materials preferably consisting of chlorine-free plastic for environmental reasons.

Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der beiliegenden, schematischen Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine Verpackungsanlage,
  • Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht der Verpackungsanlage in Blickrichtung des Pfeils II in Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 eine schematische Darstellung der Arbeitsvorgänge an den Folienbahnen,
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt durch eine fertiggestellte Verpackung, und
  • Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf eine mit Wurstscheiben beladene Schale, in grösserem Maßstab.
In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing. Show it:
  • 1 is a plan view of a packaging system,
  • 2 is a side view of the packaging system in the direction of arrow II in Fig. 1,
  • 3 is a schematic representation of the operations on the film webs,
  • Fig. 4 shows a section through a finished package, and
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of a tray loaded with sausage slices, on a larger scale.

Die Anlage hat ein Magazin 1, in dem zwei Stapel vorgefertigter Schalen 2 gelagert sind. Die in der Draufsicht (Fig. 5) rechteckigen Schalen 2 sind an einer Ecke abgeschrägt und haben einen nach aussen vorstehenden, um den ganzen Schalenumfang herumlaufenden Kragen 3. Bie sind so im Magazin 1 angeordnet, dass ihre Langsseiten in der Förderrichtung der im folgenden beschriebenen Förderbänder liegen. Die Schalen 2 werden jeweils paarweise durch eine (nicht dargestellte) automatische Vorrichtung aus dem Magazin 1 auf ein Förderband 4 gegeben, an das ein Förderband 5 anschliesst, das die Schalen zu einer Schneidemaschine 6 fördert. An das Förderband 5 schliessen zwei in einem Abstand nebeneinander laufende Förderbänder 7, an, welche jeweils je eine der nebeneinander auf dem Band zugeführten Schalen 2 aufnehmen.The system has a magazine 1 in which two stacks of prefabricated shells 2 are stored. The in the top view (Fig. 5) rectangular shells 2 are chamfered at one corner and have an outwardly projecting collar 3 running around the entire circumference of the shell. They are arranged in the magazine 1 in such a way that their long sides in the conveying direction are described below Conveyor belts are lying. The trays 2 are placed in pairs by an automatic device (not shown) from the magazine 1 onto a conveyor belt 4, to which a conveyor belt 5 connects, which conveys the trays to a cutting machine 6. The conveyor belt 5 is adjoined by two conveyor belts 7 running next to one another at a distance, each of which accommodates one of the trays 2 fed alongside one another on the belt.

Die neuartige Schneidemaschine 6 ist auf einem die Förderbänder 5, 7 und 8 überbrückenden Gestell 10 angeordnet, so dass die von den Förderbändern 5, 7 und 8 geförderten Schalen direkt unter die Schneidezone gelangen. Die Schneidemaschine 6 hat ein einen verhältnismässig grossen Durchmesser aufweisendes, unmittelbar über den Förderbändern 7 und 8 angeordnetes Schneidemesser, dessen Schneidebene zur Vertikalen geneigt ist. Von den zu schneidenen Lebensmitteln werden jeweils zwei Stücke, z. B. zwei Salamiwürste, mittels einer Ladevorrichtung 14 in eine Haltevorrichtung 15 der Maschine 6 eingebracht, welche die beiden Salamiwürste halt und in Bezug auf das Schneidemesser fuhrt. Die beiden Förderbänder 7, 8 sind reversierbar angetrieben und mittels je einer (nicht dargestellten) Verschiebevorrichtung seitlich verschiebbar. Der Antrieb und die Verschiebevorrichtung werden dabei so gesteuert, dass die jeweils auf das Förderband 7 bzw. 8 aufgegebene Schale 2 zuerst in der Förderrichtung 16 unter dem Schneidemesser der Schneidmaschine 6 hindurchläuft, dann seitlich verschoben wird, anschliessend entgegen der Förderrichtung 16 unter dem Schneidmesser hindurch zurückläuft und schliesslich wieder in der Förderrichtung 16 zu einem an die Bänder 7, 8 anschliessenden Förderband 17 weiterbefördert wird. Wahrend dem Vor- und Zurücklaufen eines Schalenpaars wird jeweils die Schneidmaschine 6 in Betrieb gesetzt, wobei die vom Schneidmesser abgeschnittenen Scheiben 19 direkt in die Schalen 2 fallen. Die geneigte Stellung des Schneidmessers gewährleistet dabei, dass sich die Scheiben 19 flach in der Schale aneinander anlegen. Wegen der seitlichen Verschiebung des Bands 7 bzw. 8 zwischen dem Vor- und Zurücklauf wird jede Schale 2 mit zwei nebeneinander angeordneten, einander teilweise überdeckenden Reihen von Scheiben 19 beladen, wie in Fig. 5 dargestellt.The novel cutting machine 6 is arranged on a frame 10 bridging the conveyor belts 5, 7 and 8, so that the trays conveyed by the conveyor belts 5, 7 and 8 reach directly under the cutting zone. The cutting machine 6 has a relatively large diameter, directly above the conveyor belts 7 and 8 arranged cutting knife, the cutting plane is inclined to the vertical. Two pieces of the food to be cut, e.g. B. two salami sausages, introduced by means of a loading device 14 into a holding device 15 of the machine 6, which holds the two salami sausages and guides them in relation to the cutting knife. The two conveyor belts 7, 8 are reversibly driven and laterally displaceable by means of a displacement device (not shown). The drive and the shifting device are controlled in such a way that the shell 2 placed on the conveyor belt 7 or 8 first passes in the conveying direction 16 under the cutting knife of the cutting machine 6, then is shifted laterally, then against the conveying direction 16 under the cutting knife runs back and is finally conveyed again in the conveying direction 16 to a conveyor belt 17 adjoining the belts 7, 8. During the forward and backward running of a pair of shells, the cutting machine 6 is put into operation, the disks 19 cut from the cutting knife falling directly into the shells 2. The inclined position of the cutting knife ensures that the disks 19 lie flat against one another in the shell. Because of the lateral displacement of the belt 7 or 8 between the forward and backward movement, each tray 2 is loaded with two rows of disks 19 arranged next to one another and partially overlapping one another, as shown in FIG. 5.

Das Förderband 17 fördert die beladenen Schalen 2 zu einem Tisch 18, auf dem die Schalen mittels einer (nicht dargestellten) Drehvorrichtung um 90° gedreht und paarweise auf eine Rutsche 20 gebracht werden von der sie auf ein Förderband 21 rutschen. Auf der Rutsche 20 und/oder am Ende des Tischs 18 können zwei (nicht dargestellte) Führungsschienenpaare angeordnet sein, um die Schalen quer zur Förderrichtung 16 für die im folgenden beschriebene Gruppenbildung richtig zu positionieren. Über dem Förderband 21 ist eine Gruppenbildungs- und Positioniervorrichtung 22 angoordnet, durch welche die Schalen 2 in Sechsergruppen 23 gruppiert werden. Dabei werden die sechs Schalen einer Gruppe in die richtige Lage für das weiter unten beschriebene Einbringen in Ausbuchtungen einer ersten Folienbahn gebracht. Die Vorrichtung 22 hat drei sich hintereinander quer über das Förderband 21 erstreckende Wellen 24 bis 26, an denen Anschläge 27 angebracht sind, die durch Drehen der Wellen in den Förderweg der Schalen hinein-und wieder aus diesem herausdrehbar sind und zum Einreihen der Schalen dienen. Dabei werden jeweils zuerst die Anschläge 27 der vordersten Welle 24 in den Förderweg gedreht, und nachdem das erste Schalenpaar an ihnen angeschlagen hat, werden die Anschläge der mittleren Welle 25, sowie schliesslich die Anschlage der hintersten Welle 26 in den Förderweg gedreht. Auf diese Weise befindet sich schliesslich das erste Schalenpaar an der Welle 26 und je ein weiteres Schalenpaar an den Wellen 25 und 24. Wenn die sechs Schalen so gruppiert und genau eingereiht sind, werden alle Anschläge 27 aus dem Forderweg herausgedreht, so dass die Schalengruppe 23 vom Förderband 21 weiterbefordert wird.The conveyor belt 17 conveys the loaded trays 2 to a table 18, on which the trays are rotated through 90 ° by means of a (not shown) rotating device and brought in pairs onto a slide 20 from which they slide onto a conveyor belt 21. Two pairs of guide rails (not shown) can be arranged on the slide 20 and / or at the end of the table 18 in order to correctly position the trays transversely to the conveying direction 16 for the group formation described below. A grouping and positioning device 22 is arranged above the conveyor belt 21, by means of which the shells 2 are grouped into groups of six 23. The six shells of a group are brought into the correct position for insertion into the bulges of a first film web described below. The device 22 has three shafts 24 to 26 which extend one behind the other across the conveyor belt 21 and to which stops 27 are attached, which can be rotated into and out of the conveying path of the shells by rotating the shafts and serve to line up the shells. The stops 27 of the foremost shaft 24 are first rotated into the conveying path, and after the first pair of shells has struck against them, the stops of the middle shaft 25 and finally the stops of the rearmost shaft 26 are rotated into the conveying path. In this way there is finally the first pair of shells on the shaft 26 and a further pair of shells on the shafts 25 and 24. When the six shells are grouped and arranged precisely, all stops 27 are turned out of the way of travel so that the shell group 23 is further requested by the conveyor belt 21.

Das Förderband 21 fördert die Schalengruppen 23 an eine guer zu ihm geführte, erste Folienbahn 30. In die von einer Vorratsrolle 31 abgezogenen Folienbahn 30 werden - wie in Fig. 3 schematisch dargestellt - den Schalen 2 angepasste Ausbuchtungen 32 ausgeformt. Dabei werden jeweils in einer üblichen Heissverformungsvorrichtung 33 gleichzeitig zwei Querreihen zu je drei Ausbuchtungen 32, also eine Gruppe von insgesamt sechs Ausbuchtungen ausgeformt. Die vom Förderband 21 jeweils an die Folienbahn 30 geförderte Schalengruppe 23 wird mittels eines gabelförmigen Organs 35 vom Förderband 21 abgehoben, über die Ausbuchtungen 32 der Folienbahn 30 gebracht und in diese, wie durch Pfeile 36 in Fig. 3 angedeutet, abgesenkt. Das gabelförmige Organ 35 hat zwei, sich in Längsrichtung des Förderbands 21 erstreckende Armpaare 37, 38 die unter die Kragen 3 der drei hintereinander angeordneten Schalenpaare 2 der jeweiligen Gruppe geführt werden, so dass alle sechs Schalen der Gruppe gleichzeitig an ihren Kragen 3 vom Förderband 21 abgehoben und in die Ausbuchtungen 32 hineingebracht werden können. Danach werden die Armpaare 37, 38 wieder zurückgezogen, wobei die Schalen 2 in den Ausbuchtungen 32 bleiben und die Kragen 3 über die Ränder der Ausbuchtungen greifen.The conveyor belt 21 conveys the shell groups 23 to a first film web 30 guided to it. As shown schematically in FIG. 3, bulges 32 adapted to the shells 2 are formed in the film web 30 drawn off from a supply roll 31. In this case, two transverse rows, each with three bulges 32, that is to say a group of a total of six bulges, are simultaneously formed in a conventional hot deformation device 33. The tray group 23, which is conveyed by the conveyor belt 21 to the film web 30, is lifted off the conveyor belt 21 by means of a fork-shaped organ 35, brought over the bulges 32 of the film web 30 and lowered into this, as indicated by arrows 36 in FIG. 3. The fork-shaped member 35 has two arm pairs 37, 38, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor belt 21 and which are guided under the collars 3 of the three successively arranged pairs of shells 2 of the respective group, so that all six shells of the group simultaneously on their collars 3 from the conveyor belt 21 can be lifted off and brought into the bulges 32. Then the arm pairs 37, 38 withdrawn again, the shells 2 remaining in the bulges 32 and the collars 3 reaching over the edges of the bulges.

Die Folienbahn 30 wird dann zu einer Schweißstation 40 geführt. An dieser wird eine von einer Vorratsrolle 41 abgezogene zweite Folienbahn 42 auf die erste Folienbahn 30 geführt und ein Schutzgas aus Stickstoff und Kohlendioxid zwischen die Folien 30,42 geleitet, wobei die anwesende Luft beseitigt wird. Die beiden Folienbahnen 30,42 werden dann um die Kragen 3 der Schalen 2 herum miteinander verschweisst. Dabei wird gleichzeitig auch der Kragen der Schalen mit der zweiten Folienbahn 42 (oder mit beiden Folienbahnen) verschweisst, damit ein fester Sitz der Schalen in den Ausbuchtungen 32 gewährleistet ist. Die miteinander verbundenen Folienbahnen werden anschliessend in eine Schneidestation 43 geführt, in welcher die in der beschriebenen Weise zusammenhängend erhaltenen Verpackungen 45 voneinander abgetrennt werden.The film web 30 is then guided to a welding station 40. At this, a second film web 42 drawn off from a supply roll 41 is guided onto the first film web 30 and a protective gas of nitrogen and carbon dioxide is passed between the films 30, 42, the air present being removed. The two film webs 30, 42 are then welded together around the collar 3 of the shells 2. At the same time, the collar of the shells is also welded to the second film web 42 (or to both film webs) so that the shells are firmly seated in the bulges 32. The interconnected film webs are then guided into a cutting station 43, in which the packages 45 obtained in the manner described coherently are separated from one another.

Wie eingangs schon erwähnt, sind die Schalen 2 an einer Ecke abgeschrägt, wobei auch die betreffende Kragenecke 47 abgeschrägt ist. Entsprechend werden die Ausbuchtungen 32 an einer Ecke abgeschrägt ausgeformt. Die beiden Folienbahnen 30,42 werden ebenso wie am übrigen Schalenumfang auch an der abgeschrägten Ecke unmittelbar angrenzend an den Kragen verschweisst. Demgegenüber werden die Verpackungen 45 in der Schneidestation 43 genau rechteckig abgetrennt. Dadurch erhalt die Folienbahn 42 der Verpackung 45 eine nicht mit der Folienbahn 30 verschweisste Ecke 48, die als Aufreissecke zum Aufreissen der Verpackung 45 dient.As already mentioned at the beginning, the shells 2 are chamfered at one corner, the collar corner 47 in question also being chamfered. Correspondingly, the bulges 32 are chamfered at a corner. The two film webs 30, 42, like the rest of the shell circumference, are also welded at the beveled corner immediately adjacent to the collar. In contrast, the packaging 45 in the cutting station 43 is separated exactly rectangular. As a result, the film web 42 of the packaging 45 receives a corner 48 which is not welded to the film web 30 and which serves as a tear-open corner for tearing open the packaging 45.

Als Material für die Schalen 2 wird vorzugsweise Polystyrol mit beigemischtem K-Resin verwendet. Für die erste (untere) Folienbahn 30 eignet sich insbesondere Polyamid-Polyäthylen-Verbundfolie, für die zweite (obere) Folienbahn 42 Zellglas-Polyäthylen-Verbundfolie. Da die Schalen 2 an ihrem Kragen 3 mit den Folien verschweisst werden sollen, werden mit Polyäthylen überzogene Polystyrol-Schalen verwendet. Aus Umweltschutzgründen ist es, wie erwähnt, wesentlich, dass für die Schalen und die Folienbahnen chlorfreie Kunststoffe verwendet werden.Polystyrene with admixed K-resin is preferably used as the material for the shells 2. Polyamide-polyethylene composite film is particularly suitable for the first (lower) film web 30, and cellophane-polyethylene composite film for the second (upper) film web 42. Since the shells 2 are to be welded to the foils on their collar 3, polystyrene shells coated with polyethylene are used. For reasons of environmental protection, as mentioned, it is essential that chlorine-free plastics are used for the trays and the film webs.

Die Anlage ermöglicht hohe Verpackungsraten von z. B. 60 Verpackungen pro Minute weil die Wurstscheiben unabhängig vom Fördertakt der Folienbahnen in die Schalen eingebracht werden, führen Unterbrüche bei der Verarbeitung z. B. infolge Ladens neuer Salamiwürste in die Haltevorrichtung 15, nicht zu Unterbrüchen und dadurch bedingten Störungen der Folienbearbeitung.The system enables high packaging rates of e.g. B. 60 packs per minute because the sausage slices are introduced into the trays independently of the conveying cycle of the film webs, interruptions in processing result in e.g. B. as a result of loading new salami sausages in the holding device 15, not to interruptions and consequent disruptions in the film processing.

Beim Beladen der Schalen kann das Gewicht der eingebrachten Wurstscheiben laufend überwacht und dafür gesorgt werden, dass das Gesamtgewicht der in eine Schale eingegebenen Scheiben konstant bleibt, damit die Preisauszeichnung vereinfacht wird. Um dies zu gewährleisten, kann durch entsprechende Steuerung der Schneidmaschine 6 die Dicke der Scheiben geändert werden, wenn sich aufgrund der laufend bestimmten Gewichte der Einzelscheiben zeigt, dass das gewünschte Gesamtgewicht nicht einem ganzzahligen Vielfachen des Gewichts der Einzelscheiben entspricht. Vorzugsweise wird auch beim Wagen jegliche Handhabung der Wurstscheiben vermieden, also die Schale beim Beladen gewogen und das Gewicht der Einzelscheiben als Differenzgewicht bestimmt.When loading the trays, the weight of the sausage slices inserted can be continuously monitored and it can be ensured that the total weight of the slices entered in a tray remains constant, so that the price labeling is simplified. In order to ensure this, the thickness of the slices can be changed by appropriate control of the cutting machine 6 if the continuously determined weights of the individual slices show that the desired total weight does not correspond to an integral multiple of the weight of the individual slices. Any handling of the sausage slices is preferably also avoided in the wagon, that is to say the shell is weighed during loading and the weight of the individual slices is determined as the differential weight.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren eignet sich auch für die Verpackung anderer Lebensmittel, insbesondere solcher, die unmittelbar nach der Verarbeitung möglichst ohne weitere Handhabung verpackt werden sollen. Wenn die Verarbeitung verhältnismässig viel Zeit erfordert können die Schalen auch auf mehreren, voneinander unabhängigen Förderwegen zu einer zentralen Stelle befördert, dort gruppiert und anschliessend gruppenweise zur ersten Folienbahn gefördert und in die Ausbuchtungen eingebracht werden.The method according to the invention is also suitable for packaging other foods, in particular those which should be packed immediately after processing, if possible without further handling. If the processing takes a relatively long time, the trays can also be conveyed to a central location on a plurality of independent conveying paths, grouped there and then conveyed in groups to the first film web and introduced into the bulges.

Claims (15)

1. A method of packaging foodstuffs (19), in particular sausage goods, wherein depressions (32) are moulded into a first film strip (30) which serves to form the bottom parts of packages, the foodstuffs (19) are placed into the depression (32), a second film strip (42) which serves to form the top parts of packages is placed on the first film strip (30) and is tightly connected to this latter around each depression (32), the connected packages (45) which result being separeted from one another, characterised in that prefabricated shells (2) are loaded with the foodstuffs (19), the loaded shells (2) being placed into the depressions (32) in the first film strip (30).
2. A method according to Claim 1, characterised in that shells (2) are used which with clearance fit into the depressions (32) and have collars (3) engaging over the edge of the depressions (32), and in that when the two film strips (30, 42) are connected, the first and/or second film strip (30,42) is also rigidly connected to the collar (3).
3. A method according to Claim 1 or 2, for the packaging of divided foodstuffs, in particular sliced sausage goods, characterised in that the foodstuffs are divided directly over a conveyor path on which the shells (2) are conveyed so that the separated parts (19) fall directly into the shells (2).
4. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, wherein a plurality of depressions (32) are moulded alongside one another in a transverse row across the first film strip (30), characterised in that after being loaded, the shells (2) are so grouped that the shells (20) of one group (23) are in the correct position for deposition into the depressions (32) of one or a plurality of successive transverse rows.
5. A method according to Claim 4, characterised in that the (in plan view) substantially rectangular shells (2) have an outwardly projecting collar (3) and in that all shells (2) of one group are positioned above and lowered into the depressions (32) in the first film strip (30) by means of a bifurcated member (35) which engages under the collars (3).
6. A method according to Claim 5 for the packaging of cut foodstuffs, characterised in that the shells (2) are conveyed on a first portion (4, 5, 7, 8) of conveyor path in the direction of their longer side, the foodstuffs (19) being cut open directly above the first conveyor path portion (4, 5, 7, 8) while one shell (2) is being passed through underneath the cutting station (6), the loaded shells (2) being rotated (18) through 90° on a second conveyor path portion (17,18, 21) which extends approximately at a right-angle up to the first film strip (3), are aligned (22), divided into groups (23) and are passed to the first film strip (30).
7. A method according to Claim 6, characterised in that the shells (2) are conveyed (7, 8) on the first conveyor path portion (4, 5, 7, 8) to be loeded with the cut foodstuffs (19), firstly in the direction (16) of the second conveyor portion (17, 18, 21), and then under the cutting station (6), after which they are displaced laterally, then conveyed back in the opposite direction so that they pass under the cutting station (6) and in that they are finally conveyed on again in the direction (16) of the second conveyor path portion (17, 18, 21) so that the shells (2) are loaded with partially overlapping longitudinal rows of slices of foodstuffs.
8. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that shells (2) and film strips (30, 42) which consist of chlorine-free synthetic plastics meteriels, the shells (2) preferably consisting of polystyrene, a second film strip (42) consisting of bonded cellulose polyethylene film and a first film strip (30) consisting of bonded polyamide polyethylene film are used.
9. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 8, cheracterised in that immediately prior to the sealing-tight connection of the two film strips (30, 42) and possibly of the shell collar (3), a protective ges, preferably nitrogen and carbon dioxide, is passed between the film strip portions which are to be connected, and into the shells (2).
10. A method according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in thet the depressions (32) are in plan view moulded to be approximately rectangular and chamfered off at one corner, connection of the two film strips (30, 42) taking place at the chamfered off corner at a distance from the parting line at which the cohesively formed packages (45) are separated from one another, so that a tear-open corner (48) is formed on the second film strip (42).
11. Automatic plane for carrying out the method according to Claim 1, with feeding and conveyor means for the first and second film strips (30,42), a shaping device (33) for shaping the depressions (32) in the first film strip (30), a welding device (40) for welding the two film strips (30, 42) on the peripheral edges of the depressions (32) and a separating device (43) for separating the packages (45), characterised by a magazine (1) for the prefabricated shells (2), a first conveyor device (4, 5, 7, 8) to which the shells (2) stored in the magazine (1) are delivered and which conveys the shells (2) through a loading station (6) in which the shells (2) are loaded with the foodstuffs (19), a second conveyor device (17, 21) which conveys to the first film strip (30) the shells (2) which are loaded with the foodstuffs (19), and means (35) for withdrawing the loaded shells (2) from the second conveyor device (17, 21) and delivering them into the depressions (32) in the first film strip (30).
12. A plant according to Claim 11 for carrying out the method according to Claim 3, characterised in that the loading station has, bridging the first conveyor device (4, 5, 7, 8), a dividing device (6) which divides the foodstuffs so that the separated parts (19) fall directly into the shells (2) which are being conveyed by the first conveyor device (4, 5, 7, 8).
13. A plant according to Claim 12, characterised in that the dividing device is a cutting machine (6) bridging the first conveyor device (4, 5, 7, 8) and preferably provided with an automatic loading device (14,15) and which cuts the foodstuffs into slices (19), and of which the cutting blade is disposed at an oblique angle to the vertical, so that the cut-off slices (19), as they fall into the shells (2) conveyed by the first conveyor device (4, 5, 7, 8), bear flatly on one another when they are in the shells (2).
14. A plant according to one of Claims 11 to 13, for carrying out the method according to Claim 4, characterised in that in the direction (16) of conveyance, after the loading station (6), there is a group forming station (22) in which the loaded shells (2) are grouped in the correct disposition for deposition into the depressions (32) of one or a plurality of successive transverse rows.
15. A plant according to Claim 14, for carrying out the method according to Claims 2 and 5, characterised in that the member (35) is a bifurcated member, of which the fork parts, in order to withdraw a shell group (23), engage under the collars (3) of the group (23) and in that the welding device (40) is constructed for the simultaneous welding of the two film strips (30, 42) on the peripheral edges of the depressions (32) and of the shell collars (3) to at least one of the two film strips (30, 42).
EP85113316A 1984-11-02 1985-10-21 Method and automatic plant for packaging food products, especially sausages Expired EP0180840B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85113316T ATE29857T1 (en) 1984-11-02 1985-10-21 METHOD AND AUTOMATIC PLANT FOR PACKAGING FOOD, ESPECIALLY COLD CUTS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH525784 1984-11-02
CH5257/84 1984-11-02

Publications (2)

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EP0180840A1 EP0180840A1 (en) 1986-05-14
EP0180840B1 true EP0180840B1 (en) 1987-09-23

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EP85113316A Expired EP0180840B1 (en) 1984-11-02 1985-10-21 Method and automatic plant for packaging food products, especially sausages

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EP (1) EP0180840B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE29857T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3560670D1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3539739B1 (en) * 2012-01-26 2024-04-17 GEA Food Solutions Germany GmbH Machine for slicing into package

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0386275A3 (en) * 1988-03-17 1990-10-03 Synbiotics Corporation Anti-idiotype intermediate method of making binding site mimics
FR2629791B1 (en) * 1988-04-07 1991-03-22 Socopa France INSTALLATION FOR THE DEPOSITION AND PACKAGING OF PRODUCTS OF VARIOUS FOOD FORMS

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4936998B1 (en) * 1966-02-09 1974-10-04
GB1451662A (en) * 1973-05-07 1976-10-06 Grace W R & Co Packaging apapratus and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3539739B1 (en) * 2012-01-26 2024-04-17 GEA Food Solutions Germany GmbH Machine for slicing into package

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EP0180840A1 (en) 1986-05-14
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