[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0154569A1 - Process for the fast assembling of construction parts, and device therefor - Google Patents

Process for the fast assembling of construction parts, and device therefor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0154569A1
EP0154569A1 EP85400095A EP85400095A EP0154569A1 EP 0154569 A1 EP0154569 A1 EP 0154569A1 EP 85400095 A EP85400095 A EP 85400095A EP 85400095 A EP85400095 A EP 85400095A EP 0154569 A1 EP0154569 A1 EP 0154569A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arch
jaws
assembly
jaw
construction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85400095A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0154569B1 (en
Inventor
Joseph Recasens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe Europeenne des Produits Refractaires SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Europeenne des Produits Refractaires SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Europeenne des Produits Refractaires SAS filed Critical Societe Europeenne des Produits Refractaires SAS
Priority to AT85400095T priority Critical patent/ATE29778T1/en
Publication of EP0154569A1 publication Critical patent/EP0154569A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0154569B1 publication Critical patent/EP0154569B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E04G21/1858—Templates for window or door openings, e.g. in a masonry wall
    • E04G21/1866—Templates for window or door openings, e.g. in a masonry wall for making arches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
    • F27D1/1621—Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
    • Y10S52/01—Hand tools for assembling building components

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rapid assembly method for components of a construction, as well as a device for temporarily holding such elements in the assembled position, useful in the implementation of said method.
  • the method of the invention was developed for the construction of refractory vaults of regenerator chambers and glass furnace basins, but is also useful for mounting walls of regenerator chambers or ovens when the height of the construction is a problem.
  • the method of the invention could also be useful in the field of construction of works, in general.
  • the vaults are made up of several arcs placed side by side, each arch being made up of keyed refractory elements or blocks (also called keystones) resting on the vertical walls through cushions.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of rapid assembly of at least two constituent elements of a construction, which makes it possible to dispense with the use of scaffolding.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of rapid assembly of all the elements constituting an arch of vault, in particular of regenerator chambers or basins of glass furnaces.
  • the subject of the invention is a device useful for implementing the method of the invention, this device making it possible to temporarily maintain in the assembled position, during their transport from the ground to their final position, two adjacent components to mount.
  • the construction to be carried out is an arch of arch and step (a) consists in placing flat and on the ground all the keyboards constituting the arch of arch in the configuration of arch arch desired.
  • the constituent elements of the construction can be solid or hollow elements.
  • this device comprises an upright, two spaced jaws facing each other carried by the upright, at least one of these jaws being movable, means for clamping the jaws on the elements to be kept assembled and, integral with the 'one of said jaws, members projecting in the direction of the other jaw, and suitable for engaging a recess provided on each element of a pair of adjacent elements to be kept assembled.
  • the device consists of a fixed part in the general form of a square, one of the branches of the square forming a first jaw, and the other branch forming an upright, a second movable jaw making facing the first jaw and slidingly mounted on the other branch of the bracket, means for clamping the jaws on the elements to be kept assembled, and members secured to one of the jaws, projecting towards the other jaw and suitable for engaging a recess provided on each of two adjacent elements to be kept assembled.
  • the invention makes it possible to achieve not only a significant time saving but also the economy of scaffolding and costly template. Also, the constituent elements can be assembled on the ground with a generally higher precision than with the traditional construction method.
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the application of the method and the device of the invention to the assembly of a refractory arch.
  • n pins 1 made of refractory material.
  • the keyboards 1 are hollowed out in 2 at their upper part, on part of their height, in order to lighten them.
  • Such keystones once the arch is in place, are intended to be filled with an insulating refractory material.
  • These keys can be made for example of an electro-molten refractory material of the system A1 2 0 3 -Zr0 2 -Si0 2 and can have, as an indication, the following dimensions (length: 300 mm, height 200 to 250 mm, width: 300 mm).
  • the recess 2 may interest more than half the height of the keyway (for example 140 mm for a height of 250 mm).
  • the keys 1 are placed flat, side by side, in the relative position that they will occupy in the arch of the arch to be produced (FIG. 1).
  • the keyboards are joined together two by two using assembly devices designated by the reference 3.
  • Each device 3 is composed of a fixed part 4 in the general form of a square and consisting of a metal profile to T-section
  • One of the branches of the bracket constitutes a first jaw 5 while the other forms an upright 6, on which is mounted a second jaw 7 facing the first jaw 5.
  • the jaw 7 has a configuration forked and internally grooved at its end located on the side of the profiled upright 6 so that it can be threaded and slide on the upright.
  • the clamping of the jaws 5 and 7 against the elements or keys to be maintained is very easily carried out using a screw and nut system.
  • the jaw 7 is secured, by means of a yoke 8 articulated around an axis 9, of a threaded rod 10 which passes through a lug 11 welded to the upright 6 and on the end from which is screwed a nut 12 bearing on the tab 11.
  • the screwing of the nut 12 allows tightening the jaws, as is evident.
  • the axis 9 passes through a lumen 13 provided in the lower part of the upright in order to limit the stroke of the jaw 7.
  • the device comprises equal ment two inclined wings 14 integral with the jaw 5. The inclination of these wings corresponds to the slope of the side of the recesses 2 of the keys.
  • notched notches such as 15 and 16 are provided in the legs of the upright, for handling purposes.
  • the implementation of this device is very simple. The keys being positioned flat as desired, a device 3 is straddled on each joint between two adjacent keys. For n keyboards, n-1 devices 3 are therefore necessary (only two devices are shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of simplicity of representation).
  • each device is done with the nut 12 removed so as to be able to spread the jaws sufficiently to allow the introduction of the wings 14 into the recesses 2 of each pair of adjacent keys. This done, the screw 10 is reinserted, if necessary, into the tab 11 and the nut 12 is screwed until the jaws tighten the pins sufficiently to keep them assembled.
  • a hook or a cable connected to an appropriate lifting device is passed through the notch 15 of the central device 3 (or of two devices 3) so as to be able to bring the arch arch assembled to its position in the building in progress.
  • the raising is preferably done in two stages, that is to say that one begins by operating the straightening of the arched vault, then that one carries out its lifting proper.
  • the crenellated shape of the notches makes it possible to select the point of engagement of the arch of the arch by the hook or the cable so as to present it in the suitable mounting position on the cushions.
  • the lifting means are fixed. by means of the notch 16, instead of the notch 15, in order to be able to deposit the elements without the assembly devices 3 interfering with the laying.
  • the various assembly devices 3 used can be made integral by a metal bar or the like connecting them together, for example at a notch in order to increase the solidity of the assembly.
  • FIG. 3 a variant of sheave is shown reading devices 3 adapted to the assembly of solid refractory elements, such as keys 21 constituting an arch of vault.
  • the inclined wings 14 are replaced by two wings 22 each of which is substantially parallel to the upper surface of the key which it surmounts. These wings are provided with pins 23 directed downwards and which engage recesses or indentations 24 of corresponding shape formed in the upper part of the keys.
  • the assembly devices and their use are as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • This variant embodiment could also be used for mounting solid parallelepiped refractory blocks, in a similar manner to that which has been indicated in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à la construction. Elle concerne un procédé de montage rapide d'au moins deux éléments constitutifs d'une construction, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste : a) à disposer à plat et au sol ces éléments constitutifs (1) dans la configuration relative désirée; b) à solidariser ensemble ces éléments constitutifs à l'aide de moyens (3) d'assemblage temporaire appropriés; c) à soulever l'ensemble formé par les éléments constitutifs assemblés à l'aide de moyens de levage appropriés et à mettre cet ensemble à sa position définitive dans la construction; et d) à enlever les moyens d'assemblage temporaire. Application notamment à la construction de voûte de fours verriers.The invention relates to construction. It relates to a rapid assembly process for at least two constituent elements of a construction, characterized in that it consists of: a) placing these constituent elements (1) flat and on the ground in the desired relative configuration; b) joining together these constituent elements using appropriate temporary assembly means (3); c) lifting the assembly formed by the constituent elements assembled using appropriate lifting means and putting this assembly in its final position in construction; and d) removing the temporary assembly means. Application in particular to the construction of glass furnace vaults.

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé de montage rapide d'éléments constitutifs d'une construction, ainsi qu'un dispositif de maintien temporaire de tels éléments en position assemblée, utile dans la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé.The invention relates to a rapid assembly method for components of a construction, as well as a device for temporarily holding such elements in the assembled position, useful in the implementation of said method.

Le procédé de l'invention a été développé pour la construction de voûtes réfractaires de chambres de régénérateurs et de bassins de fours de verrerie, mais est utile également pour le montage de murs de chambres de régénérateurs ou de fours dès lors que la hauteur de la construction pose un problème.The method of the invention was developed for the construction of refractory vaults of regenerator chambers and glass furnace basins, but is also useful for mounting walls of regenerator chambers or ovens when the height of the construction is a problem.

Le procédé de l'invention pourrait être utile également dans le domaine de la construction d'ouvrages, en général.The method of the invention could also be useful in the field of construction of works, in general.

Dans les régénérateurs et bassins de fours de verrerie, les voûtes sont constituées de plusieurs arcs mis côte à côte, chaque arc étant constitué d'éléments ou blocs réfractaires clavés (appelés aussi claveaux) s'appuyant sur les murs verticaux par l'intermédiaire de coussins.In glass furnace regenerators and basins, the vaults are made up of several arcs placed side by side, each arch being made up of keyed refractory elements or blocks (also called keystones) resting on the vertical walls through cushions.

Actuellement, le montage de ces arcs de voûte s'opère en utilisant un cintre qui sert de gabarit et de support pour les claveaux, ledit cintre reposant lui-même sur un échafaudage précédemment dressé. Les claveaux d'un arc donné sont mis en place les uns après les autres avec utilisation de cales pour l'ajustement. Ce n'est que lorsqu'un arc de voûte est complètement formé et tient par le clavage des claveaux que l'on peut déplacer le cintre et passer au montage de l'arc suivant. Ce mode de construction est évidement long et, par suite coûteux.Currently, the mounting of these arch arches is carried out using a hanger which serves as a template and support for the keyboards, said hanger itself resting on previously erected scaffolding. The keys of a given arc are put in place one after the other with the use of shims for adjustment. It is only when a vault arch is completely formed and held by the keying of the keystones that the hanger can be moved and proceed to the mounting of the next arch. This construction method is obviously long and therefore expensive.

Selon son aspect le plus large l'invention a pour objet un procédé de montage rapide d'au moins deux éléments constitutifs d'une construction, qui permet de se dispenser de l'emploi d'un échafaudage.According to its widest aspect, the subject of the invention is a method of rapid assembly of at least two constituent elements of a construction, which makes it possible to dispense with the use of scaffolding.

Selon un aspect particulier, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de montage rapide de l'ensemble des éléments constitutifs d'un arc de voûte, en particulier de chambres de régénérateurs ou de bassins de fours de verrerie.According to a particular aspect, the subject of the invention is a method of rapid assembly of all the elements constituting an arch of vault, in particular of regenerator chambers or basins of glass furnaces.

Sélon un autre de ses aspects, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif utile pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de l'invention, ce dispositif permettant de maintenir temporairement en position assemblée, pendant leur transport du sol jusqu'à leur position définitive, deux éléments constitutifs adjacents à monter.According to another of its aspects, the subject of the invention is a device useful for implementing the method of the invention, this device making it possible to temporarily maintain in the assembled position, during their transport from the ground to their final position, two adjacent components to mount.

Plus précisément l'invention concerne un procédé de montage rapide d'au moins deux éléments constitutifs d'une construction, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste:

  • a) à disposer à plat et au sol ces éléments constitutifs dans la configuration relative désirée;
  • b) à solidariser ensemble ces éléments constitutifs à l'aide de moyens d'assemblage temporaire appropriés;
  • c) à soulever l'ensemble formé par les éléments constitutifs assemblés à l'aide de moyens de levage appro- priés et à mettre cet ensemble à sa position définitive dans la construction; et, si nécessaire,
  • d) à enlever les moyens d'assemblage temporaires.
More precisely, the invention relates to a method for rapid assembly of at least two constituent elements of a construction, characterized in that it consists:
  • a) placing these components flat and on the ground in the desired relative configuration;
  • b) to join together these constituent elements using appropriate temporary assembly means;
  • c) lifting the assembly formed by the components assembled with the aid of lifting means appro - requested and to this assembly to its final position in the construction; and, if necessary,
  • d) removing the temporary assembly means.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre particulier, la construction à réaliser est un arc de voûte et l'étape (a) consiste à disposer à plat et au sol la totalité des claveaux constitutifs de l'arc de voûte dans la configuration d'arc de voûte désirée.According to a particular embodiment, the construction to be carried out is an arch of arch and step (a) consists in placing flat and on the ground all the keyboards constituting the arch of arch in the configuration of arch arch desired.

Les éléments constitutifs de la construction peuvent être des éléments pleins ou évidés.The constituent elements of the construction can be solid or hollow elements.

Comme moyens d'assemblage temporaire on peut utiliser divers dispositifs mécaniques ou même une colle. La demanderesse a, toutefois, inventé le dispositif particulier suivant qui lui a donné toute satisfaction et qui, moyennant quelques modifications, peut être adapté tant à l'assemblage d'élénents pleins qu'évidés.As means of temporary assembly, various mechanical devices or even an adhesive can be used. The Applicant has, however, invented the following particular device which has given it full satisfaction and which, with a few modifications, can be adapted both to the assembly of solid and hollow elements.

Selon l'invention, ce dispositif comprend un montant, deux mâchoires espacées se faisant face portées par le montant, l'une au moins de ces mâchoires étant mobile, des moyens de serrage des nâchoires sur les éléments à maintenir assemblés et, solidaires de l'une desdites mâchoires, des organes saillant en direction de l'autre mâchoire, et propres à engager un évidement prévu sur chaque élément d'une paire d'éléments adjacents à maintenir assemblés.According to the invention, this device comprises an upright, two spaced jaws facing each other carried by the upright, at least one of these jaws being movable, means for clamping the jaws on the elements to be kept assembled and, integral with the 'one of said jaws, members projecting in the direction of the other jaw, and suitable for engaging a recess provided on each element of a pair of adjacent elements to be kept assembled.

Selon un mode de réalisatioi particulier, le dispositif est constitué d'une partie fixe en forme générale d'équerre, l'une des branches de l'équerre formant une première mâchoire, et l'autre branche formant montant, une deuxième mâchoire mobile faisant face à la première mâchoire et montée coulissante sur l'autre branche de l'équerre, des moyens pour serrer les mâchoires sur les éléments à maintenir assemblés, et des organes solidaires d'une des mâchoires, faisant saillie en direction de l'autre mâchoire et propres à engager un évidement prévu sur chacun de deux éléments adjacents à maintenir assemblés.According to a particular embodiment, the device consists of a fixed part in the general form of a square, one of the branches of the square forming a first jaw, and the other branch forming an upright, a second movable jaw making facing the first jaw and slidingly mounted on the other branch of the bracket, means for clamping the jaws on the elements to be kept assembled, and members secured to one of the jaws, projecting towards the other jaw and suitable for engaging a recess provided on each of two adjacent elements to be kept assembled.

L'invention permet de réaliser non seulement un gain de temps important mais aussi l'économie d'échafaudage et de gabarit coûteux. Egalement, on peut assembler au sol les éléments constitutifs avec une précision généralement plus élevée qu'avec le mode de construction tion traditionnel.The invention makes it possible to achieve not only a significant time saving but also the economy of scaffolding and costly template. Also, the constituent elements can be assembled on the ground with a generally higher precision than with the traditional construction method.

La description suivante, faite en se référant au dessin annexé, fera bien comprendre la présente invention. Sur ce dessin:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en plan illustrant l'emploi du procédé et dispositif de l'invention pour le montage d'une voûte réfractaire à l'aide de claveaux évidés;
  • la figure 2 est une vue latérale, selon la ligne II-II, de l'ensemble de la figure 1; et
  • la figure 3 est une vue en plan, semblable à la figure 1, illustrant une variante de réalisation convenant au montage d'une voûte réfractaire à l'aide de claveaux pleins.
The following description, made with reference to the accompanying drawing, will make the present invention well understood. On this drawing:
  • Figure 1 is a plan view illustrating the use of the method and device of the invention for mounting a refractory vault using hollowed out keyways;
  • Figure 2 is a side view, along line II-II, of the assembly of Figure 1; and
  • Figure 3 is a plan view, similar to Figure 1, illustrating an alternative embodiment suitable for mounting a refractory vault using solid pins.

Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent l'application du procédé et du dispositif de l'invention au montage d'un arc de voûte réfractaire.Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the application of the method and the device of the invention to the assembly of a refractory arch.

Sur ces figures on a représenté seulement une partie d'un arc de voûte constitué, en fait, de n claveaux 1 en matériau réfractaire. Les claveaux 1 sont évidés en 2 à leur partie supérieure, sur une partie de leur hauteur, afin de les alléger. De tels claveaux, une fois la voûte mise en place, sont destinés à être remplis d'un matériau réfractaire isolant. Ces claveaux peuvent être constitués par exemple d'un matériau réfractaire électro-fondu du système A1203-Zr02-Si02 et peuvent avoir, à titre indicatif, les dimensions suivantes (longueur : 300 mm, hauteur 200 à 250 mm, largeur: 300 mm). L'évidement 2 peut intéresser plus de la moitié de la hauteur du claveau (par exemple 140 mm pour une hauteur de 250 mm). Selon l'invention, on dispose à plat, côte à côte, les claveaux 1 dans la position relative qu'ils occuperont dans l'arc de voûte à réaliser (figure 1). Ceci fait, on solidarise deux à deux les claveaux à l'aide de dispositifs d'assemblage désignés par la référence 3. Chaque dispositif 3 est composé d'une partie fixe 4 en forme générale d'équerre et constituée d'un profilé métallique à section en T. L'une des branches de l'équerre constitue une première mâchoire 5 tandis que l'autre forme un montant 6, sur lequel est montée une deuxième mâchoire 7 faisant face à la première mâchoire 5. La mâchoire 7 présente une configuration fourchue et intérieurement rainurée à son extrémité située du côté du montant profilé 6 de façon à pouvoir être enfilée et à coulisser sur le montant.In these figures, only part of an arch is shown, in fact made up of n pins 1 made of refractory material. The keyboards 1 are hollowed out in 2 at their upper part, on part of their height, in order to lighten them. Such keystones, once the arch is in place, are intended to be filled with an insulating refractory material. These keys can be made for example of an electro-molten refractory material of the system A1 2 0 3 -Zr0 2 -Si0 2 and can have, as an indication, the following dimensions (length: 300 mm, height 200 to 250 mm, width: 300 mm). The recess 2 may interest more than half the height of the keyway (for example 140 mm for a height of 250 mm). According to the invention, the keys 1 are placed flat, side by side, in the relative position that they will occupy in the arch of the arch to be produced (FIG. 1). This done, the keyboards are joined together two by two using assembly devices designated by the reference 3. Each device 3 is composed of a fixed part 4 in the general form of a square and consisting of a metal profile to T-section One of the branches of the bracket constitutes a first jaw 5 while the other forms an upright 6, on which is mounted a second jaw 7 facing the first jaw 5. The jaw 7 has a configuration forked and internally grooved at its end located on the side of the profiled upright 6 so that it can be threaded and slide on the upright.

Le serrage des mâchoires 5 et 7 contre les éléments ou claveaux à maintenir est effectué très facilement à l'aide d'un système à vis et écrou. En effet, la mâchoire 7 est solidaire, par l'intermédiaire d'une chape 8 articulée autour d'un axe 9, d'une tige filetée 10 qui passe au travers d'une patte 11 soudée au montant 6 et sur l'extrémité de laquelle est vissé un écrou 12 prenant appui sur la patte 11. Le vissage de l'écrou 12 perme serrer les mâchoires, ainsi que cela est évident. L'axe 9 traverse une lumière 13 prévue à la partie inférieure du montant afin de limiter la course de la mâchoire 7. Par ailleurs, le dispositif comprend également deux ailes inclinées 14 solidaires de la mâchoire 5. L'inclinaison de ces ailes correspond à la pente du côté des évidements 2 des claveaux. Grâce à leur inclinaison correspondant à la pente du côté des évidements et à leur surface importante les ailes s'appliquent étroitement contre les côtés des évidements et assurent un maintien parfait des claveaux tout en répartissant les efforts et évitant, de ce fait, pratiquement tout risque d'endommagement des claveaux pouvant résulter d'un serrage excessif. Enfin des échancrures crénelées, telles que 15 et 16, sont prévues dans les branches du montant, à des fins de manutention. La mise en oeuvre de ce dispositif est fort simple. Les claveaux étant positionnés à plat comme désiré, on met en place un dispositif 3 à cheval sur chaque joint entre deux claveaux adjacents. Pour n claveaux, il faut donc n-1 dispositifs 3 (deux dispositifs seulement sont représentés sur la figure 1 pour des raisons de simplicité de représentation). La mise en place de chaque dispositif se fait avec l'écrou 12 enlevé de façon à pouvoir écarter les mâchoires suffisamment pour permettre l'introduction des ailes 14 dans les évidements 2 de chaque paire de claveaux adjacents. Ceci fait, on ré- enfile, si nécessaire, la vis 10 dans la patte 11 et on visse l'écrou 12 jusqu'à ce que les mâchoires viennent suffisamment serrer les claveaux pour les maintenir assemblés.The clamping of the jaws 5 and 7 against the elements or keys to be maintained is very easily carried out using a screw and nut system. Indeed, the jaw 7 is secured, by means of a yoke 8 articulated around an axis 9, of a threaded rod 10 which passes through a lug 11 welded to the upright 6 and on the end from which is screwed a nut 12 bearing on the tab 11. The screwing of the nut 12 allows tightening the jaws, as is evident. The axis 9 passes through a lumen 13 provided in the lower part of the upright in order to limit the stroke of the jaw 7. Furthermore, the device comprises equal ment two inclined wings 14 integral with the jaw 5. The inclination of these wings corresponds to the slope of the side of the recesses 2 of the keys. Thanks to their inclination corresponding to the slope of the side of the recesses and to their large surface, the wings apply tightly against the sides of the recesses and ensure perfect retention of the keystones while distributing the forces and thereby avoiding practically any risk. damage to the keys may result from over tightening. Finally, notched notches, such as 15 and 16, are provided in the legs of the upright, for handling purposes. The implementation of this device is very simple. The keys being positioned flat as desired, a device 3 is straddled on each joint between two adjacent keys. For n keyboards, n-1 devices 3 are therefore necessary (only two devices are shown in FIG. 1 for reasons of simplicity of representation). The installation of each device is done with the nut 12 removed so as to be able to spread the jaws sufficiently to allow the introduction of the wings 14 into the recesses 2 of each pair of adjacent keys. This done, the screw 10 is reinserted, if necessary, into the tab 11 and the nut 12 is screwed until the jaws tighten the pins sufficiently to keep them assembled.

Une fois tous les dispositifs 3 serrés, on passe un crochet ou un câble relié à un appareil de levage approprié (grue par exemple) dans l'échancrure 15 du dispositif 3 central (ou de deux dispositifs 3) de façon à pouvoir amener l'arc de voûte assemblé jusqu'à sa position dans la construction en cours. Le.levage se fait de préférence en deux temps., à savoir qu'on commence par opérer le redressement de l'arc de voûte couché, puis qu'on effectue son levage proprement dit.Once all the devices 3 have been tightened, a hook or a cable connected to an appropriate lifting device (crane for example) is passed through the notch 15 of the central device 3 (or of two devices 3) so as to be able to bring the arch arch assembled to its position in the building in progress. The raising is preferably done in two stages, that is to say that one begins by operating the straightening of the arched vault, then that one carries out its lifting proper.

La forme crénelée des échancrures permet de sélectionner le point de prise de l'arc de voûte par le crochet ou le câble de façon à le présenter dans la position de montage convenable sur les coussins. Une fois l'arc de voûte positionné sur ses coussins, on démonte les dispositifs 3 d'assemblage. Pour cela il suffit de dévisser les écrous 12 jusqu'à libération de la tige filetée 10. On peut alors retirer facilement les dispositifs 3.The crenellated shape of the notches makes it possible to select the point of engagement of the arch of the arch by the hook or the cable so as to present it in the suitable mounting position on the cushions. Once the arch of the vault is positioned on its cushions, the assembly devices 3 are dismantled. To do this, simply unscrew the nuts 12 until the threaded rod 10 is released. The devices 3 can then be easily removed.

Il est à noter que les mêmes dispositifs 3 pourraient servir au maintien en position assemblée d'une pluralité de blocs réfractaires évidés de forme parallélépipédique, plutôt que clavée. De tels blocs sont utilisés pour constituer la partie supérieure des murs de chambres de régénérateurs. La mise en place traditionnelle de ces blocs est souvent malaisée en raison de la hauteur où ils se situent. L'invention peut apporter un réel progrès à cet égard.It should be noted that the same devices 3 could be used to maintain in the assembled position a plurality of hollow refractory blocks of parallelepiped shape, rather than keyed. Such blocks are used to constitute the upper part of the walls of regenerator chambers. The traditional installation of these blocks is often difficult because of the height where they are located. The invention can bring real progress in this regard.

Dans ce cas, les évidements se situant sur la partie arrière des éléments réfractaires, et non à leur partie supérieure comme dans le cas des claveaux, et les éléments réfractaires devant être posés sur des éléments précédemment positionnés, la fixation des moyens de levage se fait par l'intermédiaire de l'échancrure 16, au lieu de l'échancrure 15, afin de pouvoir déposer les éléments sans que les dispositifs d'assemblage 3 gênent la pose. Si désiré, les divers dispositifs d'assemblage 3 utilisés peuvent être rendus solidaires par une barre métallique ou similaires les reliant entre eux, par exemple au niveau d'une échancrure afin d'accroitre la solidité de l'assemblage.In this case, the recesses being located on the rear part of the refractory elements, and not at their upper part as in the case of the keys, and the refractory elements having to be placed on previously positioned elements, the lifting means are fixed. by means of the notch 16, instead of the notch 15, in order to be able to deposit the elements without the assembly devices 3 interfering with the laying. If desired, the various assembly devices 3 used can be made integral by a metal bar or the like connecting them together, for example at a notch in order to increase the solidity of the assembly.

Sur la figure 3, on a représenté une variante de réalisation des dispositifs 3 adaptée au montage d'éléments réfractaires pleins, tels que des claveaux 21 constitutifs d'un arc de voûte. Dans cette variante, les ailes inclinées 14 sont remplacées par deux ailes 22 dont chacune est sensiblement parallèle à la surface supérieure du claveau qu'elle surmonte. Ces ailes sont pourvues de tétons 23 dirigés vers le bas et qui viennent engager des évidements ou empreintes 24 de forme correspondante ménagés dans la partie supérieure des claveaux. A part cette différence, les dispositifs d'assemblage et leur emploi sont tels que décrit à propos des figures 1 et 2.In Figure 3, a variant of sheave is shown reading devices 3 adapted to the assembly of solid refractory elements, such as keys 21 constituting an arch of vault. In this variant, the inclined wings 14 are replaced by two wings 22 each of which is substantially parallel to the upper surface of the key which it surmounts. These wings are provided with pins 23 directed downwards and which engage recesses or indentations 24 of corresponding shape formed in the upper part of the keys. Apart from this difference, the assembly devices and their use are as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Cette variante de réalisation pourrait aussi servir au montage de blocs réfractaires pleins parallélépipédiques, d'une façon similaire à ce qui a été indiqué à propos des figures 1 et 2.This variant embodiment could also be used for mounting solid parallelepiped refractory blocks, in a similar manner to that which has been indicated in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2.

Il va de soi que les modes de réalisation décrits ne sont que des exemples et l'on pourrait les modifier, notamment par substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention.It goes without saying that the embodiments described are only examples and they could be modified, in particular by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. Un procédé de montage rapide d'au moins deux éléments constitutifs d'une construction, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste : a) à disposer à plat et au sol ces éléments constitutifs (1) dans la configuration relative désirée; b) à solidariser ensemble ces éléments constitutifs à l'aide de moyens (3) d'assemblage temporaire appropriés; c) à soulever l'énsemble formé par les éléments constitutifs assemblés à l'aide de moyens de levage appropriés et à mettre cet ensemble à sa position définitive dans la construction; et, si nécessaire, d) à enlever les moyens d'assemblage temporaire. 1. A method of rapid assembly of at least two constituent elements of a construction, characterized in that it consists: a) placing these components (1) flat and on the ground in the desired relative configuration; b) joining together these constituent elements using appropriate temporary assembly means (3); c) lifting the assembly formed by the assembled components using appropriate lifting means and putting this assembly in its final position in construction; and, if necessary, d) removing the temporary assembly means. 2. Un procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé - en ce que la construction à réaliser est un arc de voûte et l'étape (a) consiste à disposer à plat et au sol la totalité des claveaux constitutifs de l'arc de voûte dans la configuration d'arc de voûte désirée.2. A method according to claim 1, characterized - in that the construction to be carried out is an arch of arch and step (a) consists in placing flat and on the ground all the keyboards constituting the arch of arch the desired arch configuration. 3. Un procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les éléments constitutifs comportent un évidement à leur partie supérieure.3. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the constituent elements have a recess at their upper part. 4. Un dispositif d'assemblage temporaire d'éléments constitutifs utile pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé définis à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ce dispositif comprend un montant (6), deux mâchoires (5, 7) espacées se faisant face portées par le montant, l'une au moins de ces mâchoires étant mobile, des moyens (10, 11, 12) de serrage des mâchoires sur les éléments à maintenir assemblés, et, solidaires de l'une desdites mâchoires, des organes (14, 23) saillant en direction de l'autre mâchoire et propres à engager un évidement (2, 24) prévu sur chaque élément d'une paire d'éléments adjacents à maintenir assemblés.4. A device for the temporary assembly of constituent elements useful for implementing the method defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that this device comprises an upright (6), two jaws (5, 7) spaced facing each other carried by the upright, at least one of these jaws being movable, means (10, 11, 12) for clamping the jaws on the elements to be kept assembled, and, integral with one of said jaws, organs (14, 23) projecting in the direction of the other jaw and suitable for engaging a recess (2, 24) provided on each element of a pair of adjacent elements to be kept assembled. 5. Un dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif est constitué d'une partie fixe (3) en forme générale d'équerre, l'une des branches de l'équerre formant une première mâchoire (5) et l'autre branche formant montant (6), une deuxième mâchoire mobile (7) faisant face à la première mâchoire et montée coulissante sur l'autre branche de l'équerre, des moyens (10, 11, 12) pour serrer les mâchoires sur les éléments à maintenir assemblés, et des organes (14, 23) solidaires d'une des mâchoires, faisant saillie en direction de l'autre mâchoire et propres à engager un évidement (2, 24) prévu sur chacun de deux éléments adjacents à maintenir assemblés.5. A device according to claim 4, characterized in that the device consists of a fixed part (3) in the general form of a square, one of the branches of the square forming a first jaw (5) and the 'other branch forming upright (6), a second movable jaw (7) facing the first jaw and slidably mounted on the other branch of the bracket, means (10, 11, 12) for clamping the jaws on the elements to be kept assembled, and members (14, 23) integral with one of the jaws, projecting in the direction of the other jaw and suitable for engaging a recess (2, 24) provided on each of two adjacent elements to be kept assembled . 6. Un dispositif selon la revendication 5, utile pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé de la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les organes en saillie sont constitués de deux ailes inclinées (14) dont l'inclinaison correspond à la pente des côtés des évidements de façon à pouvoir venir s'appliquer étroitement contre eux.6. A device according to claim 5, useful for implementing the method of claim 3, characterized in that the projecting members consist of two inclined wings (14) whose inclination corresponds to the slope of the sides of the recesses so that they can be applied closely against them. 7. Un dispositif selon la revendication 4, 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu des moyens (15, 16) permettant de relier le dispositif à des moyens de levage.7. A device according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that means (15, 16) are provided making it possible to connect the device to lifting means. 8. Un dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens sont constitués d'au moins une échancrure crénelée.8. A device according to claim 7, characterized in that said means consist of at least one notched notch.
EP85400095A 1984-02-27 1985-01-21 Process for the fast assembling of construction parts, and device therefor Expired EP0154569B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400095T ATE29778T1 (en) 1984-02-27 1985-01-21 METHOD FOR RAPID ASSEMBLY OF STRUCTURAL PARTS AND DEVICE THEREOF.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8402935 1984-02-27
FR8402935A FR2560249B1 (en) 1984-02-27 1984-02-27 METHOD FOR QUICK MOUNTING OF COMPONENT ELEMENTS OF A CONSTRUCTION AND DEVICE USED IN THIS METHOD

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0154569A1 true EP0154569A1 (en) 1985-09-11
EP0154569B1 EP0154569B1 (en) 1987-09-16

Family

ID=9301422

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400095A Expired EP0154569B1 (en) 1984-02-27 1985-01-21 Process for the fast assembling of construction parts, and device therefor

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4641589A (en)
EP (1) EP0154569B1 (en)
JP (2) JPS60212543A (en)
AT (1) ATE29778T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3560653D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2560249B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2400625B (en) * 2003-04-14 2006-05-03 W T Lamb & Sons Ltd Arches
GB2435894A (en) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-12 Patrick Sweeney Architrave support
CN103264977A (en) * 2013-04-16 2013-08-28 中天建设集团有限公司 Large-span prestress double-arch-frame hoisting structure
KR102210695B1 (en) * 2018-11-30 2021-02-01 가톨릭관동대학교 산학협력단 Precast concrete block for arch structure construction and arch structure using the block and its construction method

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE556823C (en) * 1932-08-15 Fritz Rauchfuss Hand tool for laying large-format bricks
FR1200086A (en) * 1956-08-14 1959-12-17 Brick holder
DE2119205A1 (en) * 1971-04-21 1972-10-26 Rinas, Erich, 5884 Halver Gripping device for perforated bricks
FR2453253A1 (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-10-31 Auburtin Sa Curved carrier for building brick arches or vaults - can be readily adapted to different diameters and has sections with tongue and groove connections
FR2539170A1 (en) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-13 Granado Tomas Apparatus for handling and laying bricks and building blocks in the building industry

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1848737A (en) * 1932-03-08 matthews
US1076240A (en) * 1913-03-28 1913-10-21 Arthur E Schuffenhauer Apparatus for constructing arches.
US2547322A (en) * 1946-01-23 1951-04-03 Gen Refraetories Company Suspended refractory brick and interposed oxidizable metallic plate furnace roof andprocess of constructing the same
US2930601A (en) * 1956-11-06 1960-03-29 Gen Refractories Co Open-hearth furnace construction
US3340832A (en) * 1966-04-22 1967-09-12 Gen Refractories Co Refractory roof and method
US3572002A (en) * 1969-08-04 1971-03-23 Walter B Nichols Method of erecting prefabricated building
US4463689A (en) * 1982-01-07 1984-08-07 Merkle Engineers, Inc. High temperature furnace nose construction

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE556823C (en) * 1932-08-15 Fritz Rauchfuss Hand tool for laying large-format bricks
FR1200086A (en) * 1956-08-14 1959-12-17 Brick holder
DE2119205A1 (en) * 1971-04-21 1972-10-26 Rinas, Erich, 5884 Halver Gripping device for perforated bricks
FR2453253A1 (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-10-31 Auburtin Sa Curved carrier for building brick arches or vaults - can be readily adapted to different diameters and has sections with tongue and groove connections
FR2539170A1 (en) * 1983-01-12 1984-07-13 Granado Tomas Apparatus for handling and laying bricks and building blocks in the building industry

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2560249B1 (en) 1987-01-02
EP0154569B1 (en) 1987-09-16
ATE29778T1 (en) 1987-10-15
DE3560653D1 (en) 1987-10-22
JPS60212543A (en) 1985-10-24
JP2504826Y2 (en) 1996-07-24
US4641589A (en) 1987-02-10
JPH0659539U (en) 1994-08-19
FR2560249A1 (en) 1985-08-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0894672B1 (en) Load carrier for vehicles with fixed roof rails
WO1992007144A1 (en) Process for building structural works comprising an arch and prefabricated parts for carrying out said process
EP0154569A1 (en) Process for the fast assembling of construction parts, and device therefor
EP3078784A1 (en) Integrated form wall with a removable means for receiving a means for connecting to a handling appliance
EP0997582A1 (en) Road barriers with integrated coupling means
FR2689578A1 (en) Mobile device for maintaining profiles at a distance from a substrate such as a wall.
FR2560913A1 (en) Device for holding a flashing and possibly stub bar supporting casing onto a shuttering element.
FR2543281A1 (en) DEVICE AND METHOD FOR REALIZING A REFRACTORY COATING
FR2494331A1 (en) Pin for connecting grave headstone and plinth - is integral or two-part and locates into sleeves provided in parts to be connected
FR2565278A1 (en) ASSEMBLY OF BUILDING ELEMENTS FOR POST-STRENGTH WALL BUILDING
FR2853924A1 (en) Device for stabilizing and handling cement form panels in building and public works, has double-parallelograms with lower arms, where each arm is provided at its end with extension having sling fastening device for sling
FR2607536A1 (en) Device for attaching a pair of formwork panels shuttering the same face of a wall and with which panels the complementary parts of this device are associated and formwork panels provided with the complementary parts of at least one such device
CH660618A5 (en) Device for guiding tubes and/or pipes coming out of concrete slabs and its use
FR3047503A1 (en) DEVICE FOR FIXING A GUARD RAIL TO A PREFABRICATED WALL AND ASSOCIATED GARDEN-BODY
FR2761753A1 (en) Angle piece for forming right angles in arms of hollow sections used in furniture making or joinery
EP1709344B1 (en) Device for joining two cables during the manufacture of the mesh of a safety net
FR2822490A1 (en) Method of manufacturing grave monument comprises making monobloc base plate and supporting frame on it
EP2383497B1 (en) Verstellbare Befestigungsvorrichtung, insbesondere für Rohrsystem
EP3492667A1 (en) System to assist with the installation of a floor element such as a slab and methods for installing a floor element by means of said system
FR3098533A1 (en) Lifting anchor, wall with integrated formwork incorporating said lifting anchor, and method of manufacturing said lifting anchor
FR2680197A1 (en) Methods for assembling funeral monument elements and funeral monuments according to the said methods
FR2486131A1 (en) METHOD FOR DETECTING CONCRETE ELEMENTS, MAINLY IN THE FORM OF PLATES, AND LIFTING FRAME FOR USE IN IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD
FR2590613A1 (en) Device for fixing a mould, particularly a timber or metal mould, to a magnetic fixing part equipped with a strong magnet, intended to be fixed to a metal surface
EP1186837A1 (en) Device for wall mounting of a heating radiator and method for mounting of such a radiator
EP2019175A1 (en) Prefabricated construction element

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19851107

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19860624

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT LU NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 29778

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19871015

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3560653

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19871022

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
ITTA It: last paid annual fee
EPTA Lu: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19961126

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 19961220

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19961223

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19970114

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19970206

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19970217

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19970311

Year of fee payment: 13

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980121

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980121

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980121

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19980131

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980131

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SOC. EUROPEENNE DES PRODUITS REFRACTAIRES

Effective date: 19980131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19980801

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19980121

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19980801

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19981001

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST