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EP0147613A2 - Sparking plug for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Sparking plug for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0147613A2
EP0147613A2 EP84113964A EP84113964A EP0147613A2 EP 0147613 A2 EP0147613 A2 EP 0147613A2 EP 84113964 A EP84113964 A EP 84113964A EP 84113964 A EP84113964 A EP 84113964A EP 0147613 A2 EP0147613 A2 EP 0147613A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark gap
spark
combustion engine
spark plug
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84113964A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0147613A3 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Herden
Werner Prof. Dr. Bloss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0147613A2 publication Critical patent/EP0147613A2/en
Publication of EP0147613A3 publication Critical patent/EP0147613A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/06—Other installations having capacitive energy storage
    • F02P3/08—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0807—Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with electronic switching means
    • F02P3/0823—Closing the discharge circuit of the storage capacitor with electronic switching means with electronic tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/46—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps
    • H01T13/462—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in series connection
    • H01T13/465—Sparking plugs having two or more spark gaps in series connection one spark gap being incorporated in the sparking plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spark plug according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a spark plug lying in this direction is already known (for example according to DE-OS 2 363 804 or DE-OS 2 810 159), which is particularly distinguished in its use in that lean fuel-air mixtures are also present Sufficient safety are ignited and there is a good energy yield of the fuel that further complete combustion of the fuel-air mixture occurs and thus one obtains favorable exhaust gas values and that ignition voltage pulses generated by conventional ignition systems can finally be used.
  • This is due to the fact that a particularly large amount of energy is converted in the breakdown phase of the initial phase of the ignition spark.
  • the spark gap causes a not inconsiderable loss of energy, by which the amount of energy for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture is considerably reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows the circuit diagram of an ignition system with a spark plug designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the structural design of such a spark plug in a sectional view.
  • the ignition system shown in Figure 1 is intended for an internal combustion engine, not shown, of a motor vehicle, also not shown.
  • This ignition system is fed from a direct current source 1, which can be the battery of the motor vehicle.
  • a line 2 leading to ground and a positive lead via an operating switch (ignition switch) 3 leads from the negative pole.
  • the supply line 4 is the starting point for a circuit branch which first leads to the ground line 2 via the primary winding 5 of an ignition coil 6 and then via an interrupter switch 7.
  • the interrupter switch 7, which has a spark extinguishing capacitor 8 in its shunt, can be opened at the time of ignition by a cam 9 driven by the internal combustion engine, ie, brought into its locked state.
  • the secondary winding 10 belonging to the Zündspu_le 6 is connected with the one winding end to the connection between the primary winding 5 and the circuit breaker 7 and with the other winding end to a high-voltage connection 11 belonging to a spark plug.
  • a connection emerges from the high-voltage connection 11, which leads first to ground via a spark gap 12 and then via a spark gap 13.
  • a capacitor 14 is connected in parallel with the series circuit consisting of the spark gap 12 and the ignition spark gap 13.
  • the spark gap 13 can have a shunt branch 15, which should have an inductive component. With 17 an ohmic resistance is designated. which can be formed by the wire resistance of the inductive component 17 and / or by an additional circuit element inserted into the shunt circuit.
  • the high-voltage connection 11, the spark gap 12, the spark gap 13, the capacitor 14 and the shunt branch 15 belong to a structural unit which is shown as an example in FIG. 2 and can be screwed into the cylinder housing of the internal combustion engine in the conventional manner as a spark plug.
  • An isolator 18 and a metal housing 19 holding the individual parts together belong to this structural unit as further essential parts.
  • the main one Lichen rod-shaped insulator 18 of circular cross-section is composed of a foot part 20 and a head part 21. In this case, these two parts 20, 21 overlap with sleeve-shaped sections 22, 23 in a coaxial position over a length such that an intermediate space remains in the form of an annular cross section for receiving the capacitor 14.
  • a film capacitor is advantageously used, which represents a wound hollow cylinder and is contacted on its end faces to produce its electrical connection.
  • the high-voltage connection 11 is formed by a bolt 24 which is firmly seated in the head part 21 and which projects out of the head part 21 with a threaded section 24 '.
  • the first section 25 of a central electrode 26 connects to the high-voltage connection 11.
  • the first section 25 of the central electrode 26 has a connection at one end to the high-voltage connection 11 and at its other end to the one electrode 27 of the spark gap 12.
  • the other electrode 28 of the spark gap 12 has a connection to the end face of a second section 29 of the center electrode 26, the other end side of this section 29 protruding from the end face of the foot part 20 facing away from the high-voltage connection 11. This protruding end forms with a horn-shaped counter electrode 30 the spark gap 13.
  • the horn-shaped counter electrode 30 protrudes from the end of the sleeve-shaped metal housing 19 facing away from the high-voltage connection 11, which encloses the foot part 20 and the foot of the head part 21 so that the individual parts of the spark plug be held together.
  • the capacitor 14 has on one end face with the electrode 27 of the spark gap 12 and on the other Front side by a contact 31 indicated with a strong line with the metal housing 19 electrical connection.
  • the shunt branch 15 is formed, for example, by a spiral 32 made of electrically conductive material, which runs between the metal housing 19 and the end of the second section 29 of the center electrode 26 protruding from the foot part 20.
  • the arrangement is selected so that an inductive component 16 and an ohmic component 17 result.
  • the discharge circuit consisting of the elements 12, 13, 14, is designed from the point of view of maximum frequency, i.e. that it has a low inductance and also a low ohmic resistance.
  • the screw bolt 24 forming the high-voltage connection 11, the first section 25 of the central electrode 26, the cylindrical electrodes 27, 28 of the spark gap 12, which are rounded on their opposite ends, and the second section 29 of the central electrode 26 are arranged in the insulator 18 such that their longitudinal central axes coincide with the longitudinal central axis of the insulator 18.
  • the distance between the electrodes 27, 28 belonging to the spark gap 12 is fixed by a sleeve 33.
  • the electrodes 27, 28 belonging to the spark gap protrude into a cavity 34 which is located within the insulator 18 and is under gas pressure.
  • nitrogen should be used as the gas.
  • the gas pressure should be 2 to 100 bar, preferably 5 to 30 bar.
  • the electrodes 27, 28 of the spark gap 12, which are made of copper, for example, should have a distance of 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, from one another.
  • the shunt branch 15 With the shunt branch 15, the occurrence of arcing and glow discharges is counteracted, as a result of which the erosion at the spark gap 13 can be reduced.
  • the inventive design of the spark gap 12 ensures that a relatively small energy loss occurs at this spark gap, which means that a sufficient amount of energy for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture can be provided at any time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Es wird eine Zündkerze für eine Brennkraftmaschine vorgeschlagen, die durch bauliche Vereinigung von einer in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Zündfunkenstrecke (13) von einem über die Zündfunkenstrecke (13) entladbaren Kondensator (14), von einer die Kondensatorspannung überwachenden Vorfunkenstrecke (12), von einem elektrischen Isolator (18) und von einem die Einzelteile zusammenhaltenden Metallgehäuse (19) gebildet wird. Hierbei ist erfindungsgemäß die Vorfunkenstrecke (12) bei geringem Elektrodenabstand in einem unter hohem Gasdruck stehenden Hohlraum untergebracht, wodurch an dieser Funkenstrecke (12) der Energieverlust vermindert wird.The invention proposes a spark plug for an internal combustion engine which, by structurally combining a spark gap (13) projecting into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, a capacitor (14) that can be discharged via the spark gap (13), and a spark gap (12) that monitors the capacitor voltage an electrical insulator (18) and a metal housing (19) holding the individual parts together. According to the invention, the spark gap (12) is accommodated in a cavity under high gas pressure with a small electrode spacing, as a result of which the energy loss is reduced at this spark gap (12).

Description

Stand de TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Zündkerze nach dem Oberbegriff des Eauptanspruches. Es ist (z.B. nach der DE-OS 2 363 804 bzv. nach der DE-OS 2 810 159) bereits eine in dieser Richtung liegende Zündkerze bekannt, die sich bei ihrer Anwendung besonders dadurch auszeichnet, daß auch magere Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemische mit hinreichender Sicher heit entflammt werden und sich dabei eine gute Energieausbeute des Kraftstoffes ergibt, daß ferner eine vollstan dige Verbrennung des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches eintritt und man somit günstige Abgaswerte erhält und daß schließlich durch herkömmliche Zündanlagen erzeugte Zündspannungsimpulse Verwendung finden können. Das kommt daher, daß in der Durchbruchsphase der Anfangsphase des Zündfunkens besonders viel Energie umgesetzt wird. Es hat sich jedoch nun gezeigt, daß durch die Vorfunkenstrecke ein nicht unbeachtlicher Energieverlust entsteht, um den der Energiebetrag für die Entflammung des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches erheblich vermindert wird.The invention relates to a spark plug according to the preamble of the main claim. A spark plug lying in this direction is already known (for example according to DE-OS 2 363 804 or DE-OS 2 810 159), which is particularly distinguished in its use in that lean fuel-air mixtures are also present Sufficient safety are ignited and there is a good energy yield of the fuel that further complete combustion of the fuel-air mixture occurs and thus one obtains favorable exhaust gas values and that ignition voltage pulses generated by conventional ignition systems can finally be used. This is due to the fact that a particularly large amount of energy is converted in the breakdown phase of the initial phase of the ignition spark. However, it has now been shown that the spark gap causes a not inconsiderable loss of energy, by which the amount of energy for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture is considerably reduced.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Zündkerze ist durch Anwendung der kennzeichnenden Maßnahme des Hauptanspruches die vorerwähnte Unzulänglichkeit in befriedigendem Maß beseitigt.In the spark plug according to the invention, the aforementioned inadequacy has been eliminated to a satisfactory extent by applying the characterizing measure of the main claim.

In den Unteransprüchen sind vorteilhafte Maßnahmen für die Realisierung der Erfindung angegeben.Advantageous measures for realizing the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1-die schaltungsmäßige Darstellung einer Zündanlage mit einer nach der Erfindung ausgebildeten Zündkerze und Figur 2 den konstruktiven Aufbau einer solchen Zündkerze in geschnittener Ansicht.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. FIG. 1 shows the circuit diagram of an ignition system with a spark plug designed according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows the structural design of such a spark plug in a sectional view.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielesDescription of the embodiment

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Zündanlage soll für eine nicht dargestellte Brennkraftmaschine eines ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Kraftfahrzeuges bestimmt sein. Diese Zündanlage wird aus einer Gleichstromquelle 1 gespeist, welche die Batterie des Kraftfahrzeuges sein kann. An der Stromquelle 1 geht von dem Minuspol eine zur Masse führende Leitung 2 und von dem Pluspol eine über einen Betriebsschalter (Zündschalter) 3 führende Versorgungsleitung 4 aus. Die Versorgungsleitung 4 ist Ausgangspunkt für einen Schaltungszweig, der zunächst über die Primärwicklung 5 einer Zündspule 6 und danach über einen Unterbrecherschalter 7 zur Masseleitung 2 führt. Der Unterbrecherschalter 7, der einen Funkenlöschkondensator 8 in seinem Nebenschluß hat, läßt sich im Zündzeitpunkt durch einen von der Brennkraftmaschine angetriebenen Nocken 9 öffnen, d.h., in seinen Sperrzustand bringen. Die zu der Zündspu_le 6 gehörende Sekundärwicklung 10 ist mit dem einen Wicklungsende an die zwischen Primärwicklung 5 und Unterbrecherschalter 7 vorhandene Verbindung und mit dem anderen Wicklungsende an einen zu einer Zündkerze gehörenden Hochspannungsanschluß 11 angeschlossen.The ignition system shown in Figure 1 is intended for an internal combustion engine, not shown, of a motor vehicle, also not shown. This ignition system is fed from a direct current source 1, which can be the battery of the motor vehicle. At the current source 1, a line 2 leading to ground and a positive lead via an operating switch (ignition switch) 3 leads from the negative pole. The supply line 4 is the starting point for a circuit branch which first leads to the ground line 2 via the primary winding 5 of an ignition coil 6 and then via an interrupter switch 7. The interrupter switch 7, which has a spark extinguishing capacitor 8 in its shunt, can be opened at the time of ignition by a cam 9 driven by the internal combustion engine, ie, brought into its locked state. The secondary winding 10 belonging to the Zündspu_le 6 is connected with the one winding end to the connection between the primary winding 5 and the circuit breaker 7 and with the other winding end to a high-voltage connection 11 belonging to a spark plug.

Selbstverständlich kann statt der bis hierher beschriebenen Zündanlage auch eine Transistor-Zündanlage Verwendung finden.Of course, instead of the ignition system described so far, a transistor ignition system can also be used.

Von dem Hochspannungsanschluß 11 geht eine Verbindung aus, die zunächst über eine Vorfunkenstrecke 12 und danach über eine Zündfunkenstrecke 13 zur Masse führt. Der aus der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 und der Zündfunkenstrecke 13 bestehenden Serienschaltung ist ein Kondensator 14 parallel geschaltet. Die Zündfunkenstrecke 13 kann einen Nebenschlußzweig 15 aufweisen, der eine induktive Komponente haben soll. Mit 17 ist ein ohmscher Widerstand bezeichnet. der durch den Drahtwiderstand der induktiven Komponente 17 und/oder durch ein zusätzlich in den Nebenschlußkreis eingefügtes Schaltungselement gebildet sein kann.A connection emerges from the high-voltage connection 11, which leads first to ground via a spark gap 12 and then via a spark gap 13. A capacitor 14 is connected in parallel with the series circuit consisting of the spark gap 12 and the ignition spark gap 13. The spark gap 13 can have a shunt branch 15, which should have an inductive component. With 17 an ohmic resistance is designated. which can be formed by the wire resistance of the inductive component 17 and / or by an additional circuit element inserted into the shunt circuit.

Der Hochspannungsanschluß 11, die Vorfunkenstrecke 12, die Zündfunkenstrecke 13, der Kondensator 14 und der Nebenschlußzweig 15 gehören zu einer Baueinheit, die als Beispiel in Figur 2 dargestellt ist und sich nach herkömmlicher Art als Zündkerze in das Zylindergehäuse der Brennkraftmaschine einschrauben läßt. Als weitere wesentliche Teile gehören noch ein Isolator 18 und ein die Einzelteile zusammenhaltendes Metallgehäuse 19 zu dieser Baueinheit. Der im wesentlichen stabförmige Isolator 18 kreisrunden Querschnitts ist aus einem Fußteil 20 und einem Kopfteil 21 zusammmengesetzt. Dabei überlappen sich diese beiden Teile 20, 21 mit hülsenförmigen Abschnitten 22, 23 in koaxialer Lage über eine Länge derart, daß ein Zwischenraum ringförmigen Querschnitts für die Aufnahme des Kondensators 14 bleibt. Es findet in vorteilhafter Weise ein Folienkondensator Verwendung, der einen gewickelten Hohlzylinder darstellt und an seinen Stirnseiten zur Herstellung seiner elektrischen Verbindung kontaktiert ist.The high-voltage connection 11, the spark gap 12, the spark gap 13, the capacitor 14 and the shunt branch 15 belong to a structural unit which is shown as an example in FIG. 2 and can be screwed into the cylinder housing of the internal combustion engine in the conventional manner as a spark plug. An isolator 18 and a metal housing 19 holding the individual parts together belong to this structural unit as further essential parts. The main one Lichen rod-shaped insulator 18 of circular cross-section is composed of a foot part 20 and a head part 21. In this case, these two parts 20, 21 overlap with sleeve-shaped sections 22, 23 in a coaxial position over a length such that an intermediate space remains in the form of an annular cross section for receiving the capacitor 14. A film capacitor is advantageously used, which represents a wound hollow cylinder and is contacted on its end faces to produce its electrical connection.

Der Hochspannungsanschluß 11 wird durch einen fest in dem Kopfteil 21 sitzenden Bolzen 24 gebildet, der mit einem Gewindeabschnitt 24' aus dem Kopfteil 21 herausragt. Innerhalb des Kopfteiles 21 schließt sich an den Hochspannungsanschluß 11 der erste Abschnitt 25 einer Mittelelektrode 26 an. Dabei hat der erste Abschnitt 25 der Mittelelektrode 26 an seiner einen Stirnseite mit dem Hochspannungsanschluß 11 und an seiner anderen Stirnseite mit der einen Elektrode 27 der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 Verbindung. Die andere Elektrode 28 der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 hat mit der Stirnseite eines zweiten Abschnittes 29 der Mittelelektrode 26 Verbindung, wobei die andere Stirnseite dieses Abschnittes 29 an der dem Hochspannungsanschluß 11 abgewandten Stirnseite des Fußteiles 20 hervorsteht. Dieses herausragende Ende bildet mit einer hornförmig gebogenen Gegenelektrode 30 die Zündfunkenstrecke 13. Die hornförmige Gegenelektrode 30 steht von der dem Hochspannungsanschluß 11 abgewandten Stirnseite des hülsenförmigen Metallgehäuses 19 ab, das den Fußteil 20 und den Fuß des Kopfteiles 21 so umschließt, daß die Einzelteile der Zündkerze fest zusammengehalten werden.The high-voltage connection 11 is formed by a bolt 24 which is firmly seated in the head part 21 and which projects out of the head part 21 with a threaded section 24 '. Within the head part 21, the first section 25 of a central electrode 26 connects to the high-voltage connection 11. The first section 25 of the central electrode 26 has a connection at one end to the high-voltage connection 11 and at its other end to the one electrode 27 of the spark gap 12. The other electrode 28 of the spark gap 12 has a connection to the end face of a second section 29 of the center electrode 26, the other end side of this section 29 protruding from the end face of the foot part 20 facing away from the high-voltage connection 11. This protruding end forms with a horn-shaped counter electrode 30 the spark gap 13. The horn-shaped counter electrode 30 protrudes from the end of the sleeve-shaped metal housing 19 facing away from the high-voltage connection 11, which encloses the foot part 20 and the foot of the head part 21 so that the individual parts of the spark plug be held together.

Der Kondensator 14 hat an seiner einen Stirnseite mit der Elektrode 27 der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 und an seiner anderen Stirnseite durch eine mit starkem Linienzug angedeutete Kontaktierung 31 mit dem Metallgehäuse 19 elektrische Verbindung.The capacitor 14 has on one end face with the electrode 27 of the spark gap 12 and on the other Front side by a contact 31 indicated with a strong line with the metal housing 19 electrical connection.

Der Nebenschlußzweig 15 wird als Beispiel durch eine aus elektrisch leitendem Material bestehende Spirale 32 gebildet, die zwischen dem Metallgehäuse 19 und dem aus dem Fußteil 20 vorstehenden Ende des zweiten Abschnittes 29 der Mittelelektrode 26 verläuft. Dabei ist die Anordnung so gewählt, daß sich eine induktive Komponente 16 und eine ohmsche Komponente 17 ergibt.The shunt branch 15 is formed, for example, by a spiral 32 made of electrically conductive material, which runs between the metal housing 19 and the end of the second section 29 of the center electrode 26 protruding from the foot part 20. The arrangement is selected so that an inductive component 16 and an ohmic component 17 result.

Der Entladekreis, bestehend aus den Elementen 12, 13, 14, ist nach Höchstfrequenzgesichtspunkten ausgelegt, d.h., daß er eine geringe Induktivität und auch einen geringen ohmschen Widerstand hat.The discharge circuit, consisting of the elements 12, 13, 14, is designed from the point of view of maximum frequency, i.e. that it has a low inductance and also a low ohmic resistance.

Der den Hochspannungsanschluß 11 bildende Schraubbolzen 24, der erste Abschnitt 25 der Mittelelektrode 26, die zylinderförmigen und an ihren gegenüberliegenden Stirnseiten abgerundeten Elektroden 27, 28 der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 und der zweite Abschnitt 29 der Mittelelektrode 26 sind so in dem Isolator 18 angeordnet, daß ihre Längsmittelachsen mit der Längsmittelachse des Isolators 18 zusammenfallen. Durch eine Hülse 33 ist der Abstand der zu der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 gehörenden Elektrode 27, 28 festgelegt.The screw bolt 24 forming the high-voltage connection 11, the first section 25 of the central electrode 26, the cylindrical electrodes 27, 28 of the spark gap 12, which are rounded on their opposite ends, and the second section 29 of the central electrode 26 are arranged in the insulator 18 such that their longitudinal central axes coincide with the longitudinal central axis of the insulator 18. The distance between the electrodes 27, 28 belonging to the spark gap 12 is fixed by a sleeve 33.

Die zu der Vorfunkenstrecke gehörenden Elektroden 27, 28 ragen in einen Hohlraum 34, der sich innerhalb des Isolators 18 befindet und unter Gasdruck steht. Als Gas soll im bevorzugten Fall Stickstoff Verwendung finden. Der Gasdruck soll 2 bis 100 bar, vorzugsweise 5 bis 30 bar betragen. Die beispielsweie aus Kupfer besteheden Elektroden 27, 28 der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 sollen einen Abstand von 0,05 bis 2 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 1 mm, voneinander haben.The electrodes 27, 28 belonging to the spark gap protrude into a cavity 34 which is located within the insulator 18 and is under gas pressure. In the preferred case, nitrogen should be used as the gas. The gas pressure should be 2 to 100 bar, preferably 5 to 30 bar The electrodes 27, 28 of the spark gap 12, which are made of copper, for example, should have a distance of 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, from one another.

Die soeben beschriebene Zündanlage hat unter Verwendung einer Zündkerze nach der Erfindung folgende Wirkungsweise:

  • Wird der Betriebsschalter 3 geschlossen, so ist die Zündanlage funktionsbereit. Durch Öffnen des Unterbrecherschalters 7 (oder im Falle einer Transistorzündung durch Betätigung der Auslösung) wird der über die Primärwicklung 5 geführte Strom unterbrochen und in der Sekundärwicklung 10 ein Hochspannungsimpuls induziert, der an den Hochspannungsanschluß 11 gelangt. Dadurch wird der Kondensator 14 aufgeladen, und zwar bis zum elektrischen Durchbruch der Vorfunkenstrecke 12. Durch diesen Durchbruch wird innerhalb weniger Nanosekunden ein leistungsstarker Zündfunke an der Zündfunkenstrecke 13 erzeugt. Hieraus ergibt sich eine sicher Entflammung auch eines mageren Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches, eine gute Energieausbeute des Kraftstoffes, eine vollständige Verbrenung des Gemisches und somit auch einen vertretbaren Ausstoß an Abgaswerten.
The ignition system just described has the following mode of operation using a spark plug according to the invention:
  • If the operating switch 3 is closed, the ignition system is ready for operation. By opening the interrupter switch 7 (or in the case of a transistor ignition by actuation of the trigger), the current conducted through the primary winding 5 is interrupted and a high voltage pulse is induced in the secondary winding 10, which pulse reaches the high voltage connection 11. As a result, the capacitor 14 is charged, namely until the electrical breakdown of the spark gap 12. This breakdown produces a powerful ignition spark at the spark gap 13 within a few nanoseconds. This results in a safe ignition even of a lean fuel-air mixture, a good energy yield of the fuel, a complete combustion of the mixture and thus also a reasonable emission of exhaust gas values.

Mit dem Nebenschlußzweig 15 wird dem Auftreten von Lichtbogen- und Glimmentladungen entgegengewirkt, wodurch der Abbrand an der Zündfunkenstrecke 13 herabgesetzt werden kann. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Vorfunkenstrecke 12 erreicht man, daß an dieser Funkenstrecke ein relativ geringer Energieverlust auftritt, wodurch hier jederzeit ein ausreichender Energiebetrag für die Entflammung des Kraftstoff-Luft-Gemisches bereitgestellt werden kann.With the shunt branch 15, the occurrence of arcing and glow discharges is counteracted, as a result of which the erosion at the spark gap 13 can be reduced. The inventive design of the spark gap 12 ensures that a relatively small energy loss occurs at this spark gap, which means that a sufficient amount of energy for the ignition of the fuel-air mixture can be provided at any time.

Claims (5)

1. Zu einer Brennkraftmaschine gehörende Zündkerze, die durch bauliche Vereinigung von einer in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Zündfunkenstrecke, von einem über die Zündfunkenstrecke entladbaren Kondensator, von einer die Kondensatorspannung überwachenden Vorfunkenstrecke, von einem elektrischen Isolator und von einem die Einzelteile zusammenhaltenden Metallgehäuse gebildet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Vorfunkenstrecke (12) in einem unter Gasdruck stehenden Hohlraum (34) befindet.1. A spark plug belonging to an internal combustion engine, which is formed by structural union of a spark gap projecting into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, of a capacitor which can be discharged via the spark gap, of a spark gap monitoring the capacitor voltage, of an electrical insulator and of a metal housing holding the individual parts together , characterized in that the spark gap (12) is located in a cavity (34) under gas pressure. 2. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gasdruck 2 bis 100 bar, vorzugsweise 5 bis 30 bar, beträgt.2. Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas pressure is 2 to 100 bar, preferably 5 to 30 bar. 3. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Gas Stickstoff Verwendung findet.3. Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that nitrogen is used as gas. 4. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der die Vorfunkenstrecke (12) aufnehmende Hohlraum (34) sich innerhalb des Isolators (18) befindet.4. Spark plug according to claim 1, characterized in that the spark gap (12) receiving cavity (34) is within the insulator (18). 5. Zündeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (27, 28) der Vorfunkenstrecke (12) einen Abstand von 0,05 bis 2 mm, vorzugsweise von 0,1 bis 1 mm, voneinander haben.5. Ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes (27, 28) of the spark gap (12) have a distance of 0.05 to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 to 1 mm, from each other.
EP84113964A 1983-12-24 1984-11-19 Sparking plug for an internal-combustion engine Withdrawn EP0147613A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833347027 DE3347027A1 (en) 1983-12-24 1983-12-24 SPARK PLUG FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
DE3347027 1983-12-24

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EP0147613A2 true EP0147613A2 (en) 1985-07-10
EP0147613A3 EP0147613A3 (en) 1985-08-07

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EP84113964A Withdrawn EP0147613A3 (en) 1983-12-24 1984-11-19 Sparking plug for an internal-combustion engine

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US (1) US4613789A (en)
EP (1) EP0147613A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS60157182A (en)
DE (1) DE3347027A1 (en)

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WO1994017302A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-04 Dawson Royalties Limited Ignition circuit having device to shorten inductive discharge phase of a spark event

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US6559376B2 (en) 1996-09-30 2003-05-06 Nology Engineering, Inc. Combustion initiation device and method for tuning a combustion initiation device
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US6374816B1 (en) 2001-04-23 2002-04-23 Omnitek Engineering Corporation Apparatus and method for combustion initiation
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US7053565B2 (en) 2002-07-03 2006-05-30 Kronos Advanced Technologies, Inc. Electrostatic fluid accelerator for and a method of controlling fluid flow
FR2886689B1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2010-12-17 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IGNITING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR2893455B1 (en) * 2005-11-14 2007-12-14 Renault Sas IGNITION CANDLE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
US8922102B2 (en) * 2006-05-12 2014-12-30 Enerpulse, Inc. Composite spark plug
US8049399B2 (en) * 2006-07-21 2011-11-01 Enerpulse, Inc. High power discharge fuel ignitor
US7735460B2 (en) * 2008-02-01 2010-06-15 Leonard Bloom Method and apparatus for operating standard gasoline-driven engines with a readily-available non-volatile fuel, thereby obviating the use of gasoline
DE102011117600A1 (en) * 2011-11-04 2013-05-08 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg Ignition device for a two-stroke engine
CN104221234A (en) 2012-01-27 2014-12-17 能量脉冲科技有限公司 High power semi-surface gap plug
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DE2810159A1 (en) * 1978-03-09 1979-09-13 Bloss Werner H Prof Dr Ing Spark plug for igniting Otto engine mixt. - uses HV capacitor discharged on reaching threshold voltage, higher than breakdown voltage of electrodes
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WO1994017302A1 (en) * 1993-01-29 1994-08-04 Dawson Royalties Limited Ignition circuit having device to shorten inductive discharge phase of a spark event

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60157182A (en) 1985-08-17
US4613789A (en) 1986-09-23
EP0147613A3 (en) 1985-08-07
DE3347027A1 (en) 1985-07-04

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