EP0124737A2 - Granules of A-type zeolite bonded by magnesium silicates, process for their production and their use - Google Patents
Granules of A-type zeolite bonded by magnesium silicates, process for their production and their use Download PDFInfo
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- EP0124737A2 EP0124737A2 EP84103206A EP84103206A EP0124737A2 EP 0124737 A2 EP0124737 A2 EP 0124737A2 EP 84103206 A EP84103206 A EP 84103206A EP 84103206 A EP84103206 A EP 84103206A EP 0124737 A2 EP0124737 A2 EP 0124737A2
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- zeolite
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- zeolite granules
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
- B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
- B01J20/183—Physical conditioning without chemical treatment, e.g. drying, granulating, coating, irradiation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
- A24D3/166—Silicic acid or silicates
Definitions
- the invention relates to new magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the type zeolite A, the process for their preparation and their use as adsorbents.
- magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules with the aid of sodium silicate solution by shaping crystalline zeolite NaA with an alkali silicate in which the ratio Me 2 O: SiO 2 is 1: 3 to 1: 5, and then shaping the shaped product at temperatures between 40 and 280 ° C to a residual moisture content of 0 to 35 percent by weight, then treated with a 0.5 to 35% magnesium salt solution until complete ion exchange in the zeolite and conversion of the alkali silicate to magnesium silicate, the moldings freed from adhering saline solution by washing with water and finally activated at temperatures above 200 ° C.
- the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules produced in this way are distinguished by the fact that the alkali metals contained in the starting mixture are completely in the zeolite granules are replaced by magnesium.
- the products produced by the known method have an apparent 0 pore diameter of 3 A and, apart from water and ammonia, do not absorb any of the gases used industrially (DE-AS 15 67 588).
- the object of the invention is to produce magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules which, in addition to water and ammonia, can also adsorb other molecules.
- the subject of the invention are magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of type A, which are characterized in that the zeolite component as the cation does not contain exclusively or contains no magnesium.
- the process for the preparation of the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules is characterized in that powdered .zeolite A is placed in a mixer, sodium silicate solution is added until the zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm are obtained, these zeolite granules optionally being re-rolled, the moist zeolite granules if necessary, drying first at temperatures of 20 to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage at 121 ° - 200 ° C dries under otherwise identical conditions and, if appropriate, then the zeolite granules obtained in this way are activated at temperatures of at most 600 ° C., the zeolite granules thus obtained are treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed, optionally subsequently treated with a
- the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the zeolite A type can be characterized in that they contain a magnesium-sodium zeolite A as the zeolite component A, the following adsorption data
- the kinetic index is the quotient of the load at 30 'and at 600'.
- These magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules can be prepared by placing powdered zeolite A in a mixer, adding sodium silicate solution, until the zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm are obtained, these zeolite granules are optionally re-rolled, and the moist zeolite granules are optionally initially at temperatures of Dries 20 to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and possibly in a third drying stage at 121 ° - 200 ° C below otherwise the same conditions dry and then, if necessary, the so obtained activated zeolite granules at temperatures of at most 600 ° C, and the zeolite granules thus obtained treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed at 40 to 200 ° C, preferably dried at 100 to 120 ° C and optionally subsequently
- the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the zeolite A type can contain a potassium zeolite A as the zeolite component, the following adsorption data
- These magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules can be prepared by placing powdered zeolite A in a mixer, adding sodium silicate solution, until the zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm are obtained, if necessary rolling these zeolite granules, the moist zeolite granules first at temperatures of 20 dries to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally drying in a second drying step at temperatures of 40-120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage at 121 - 200 ° C under otherwise identical conditions and given if the zeolite granules thus obtained are subsequently activated at temperatures of at most 600 ° C.
- the zeolite granules thus obtained are treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed, then treated with an aqueous potassium salt solution, washed, dried at 40 to 200 ° C., preferably 100 to 120 ° C. and optionally then calcined at 300 to 550 ° C, preferably 350 to 450 ° C.
- the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the zeolite A type can contain a sodium zeolite A as the zeolite component, the following adsorption data
- These magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules can be prepared by placing powdered zeolite A in a mixer, adding sodium silicate solution, until a zeolite granulate with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm is obtained, if necessary rolling these zeolite granules, the moist zeolite granules initially at temperatures of Dries 20.
- the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the zeolite A type can contain a calcium zeolite A as the zeolite component, following adsorption data
- magnesium silicate bound zeolite granules can be prepared by reacting powdered Zeolite A in a mixer presents, added are sodium silicate solution as long mix until zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm is obtained, this Z eolithgranulate optionally after rolls, the moist zeolite granules are first dried at temperatures of 20 to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage Dries 121 ° - 200 ° C under otherwise identical conditions and, if appropriate, then subsequently activates the zeolite granules thus obtained at temperatures of at most 600 ° C., and the zeolite granules thus obtained are treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed, then treated with an aqueous calcium salt solution, washed, at 40 to 200 ° C, preferably
- a zeolite A can be a powdery zeolite which according to DE-OS 24 47 021, DE-OS 25 17 218, DE-OS 26 51 419, DE-OS 26 51 420, DE-OS 26 51 436, DE-OS 26 51 437, DE-OS 26 51 445 and / or DE-OS 26 51 485 and which has the particle size distribution shown there, can be used.
- a type A zeolite powder according to DE-OS 26 51 485 is preferably used.
- the water content of the zeolite can be 0.1-27%, preferably 15-22%.
- the zeolite powders are preferably used in their sodium form.
- the sodium silicate solution preferably has a module SiO 2 : Na 2 O from 1.0 to 3.4 and a content of Na 2 0 from 2 to 20% by weight and Si0 2 from 5 to 31% by weight.
- the mixture of zeolite A and sodium silicate can contain the components in a ratio of 1.2 ⁇ 0.2 Na 2 O: Al 2 O 3 : 2.4 ⁇ 0.4 SiO 2 : 12 ⁇ 3 H 2 O.
- mixers can be used as mixers, which preferably contain a spraying device, such as ploughshare mixers, screw mixers, mixing granulators and the like.
- a known unit such as granulating plate, coating drum and the like, can be used as the re-rolling device. Mechanical compaction and rounding of the granules as well as narrowing of the grain size distribution are achieved.
- the drying of the zeolite granules can be carried out continuously or batchwise in known devices, such as drying cabinets, belt dryers, fluidized bed dryers.
- a fluidized-bed dryer is preferably used, since dusting of the granules is achieved at the same time.
- the exhaust air from the drying step can be circulated, the drying exhaust air being mixed with the corresponding amount of fresh air in order to "set the carbon dioxide content of less than 200 ppm.
- Drying can also be carried out in an inert gas stream such as nitrogen, i.e. the presence of carbon dioxide is not necessary.
- the drying gas can have a water vapor partial pressure of 0.01 torr to 750 torr, preferably 0.1 to 400 torr, the partial pressure of the water vapor in the drying gas being below the saturation pressure at the corresponding drying temperature.
- screening is carried out using known screening devices, it being possible for the screening to be carried out either on moist or on dried granules.
- wet screening the granules must be destroyed mechanically can be avoided, but in this case the missing grain (oversize and undersize) can be easily mechanically comminuted and returned to the granulation process.
- the dried zeolite granules can be used at temperatures of 300 ° C to 500 ° C, at most 600 ° C in known apparatus such as muffle furnaces, rotary tubes, tube furnaces or the like. be activated continuously or discontinuously.
- the treatment of the zeolite granules with magnesium salt solutions can be carried out in known devices, such as, for example, exchange columns.
- the treatment temperature can be 5 to 100 ° C, preferably 40 to 90 ° C.
- the concentration of the magnesium salt solution can be 0.01 to 10 molar, preferably 0.1 to 3 molar. Chloride, sulfate and nitrate can be used as the magnesium salt.
- the exchange time can be 1 minute to 6 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 3 hours. It is essential that the sodium ions of the binder are completely exchanged for magnesium ions. A complete exchange of the sodium ions in the zeolite is prevented by leaving the already exchanged sodium ions in the magnesium salt solution, which is preferably pumped around during the treatment. After the following washing with water, treatment with metal salt solutions can take place.
- Metal salts whose cations are able to penetrate into the framework of the zeolite are suitable for the treatment of the zeolite granules with metal salt solutions.
- the treatment of the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules with metal salt solution can be carried out in known devices, such as, for example, exchange columns.
- the treatment with metal salt solution is then preferably carried out in the same Device carried out in which the treatment was carried out with magnesium salt solution.
- the treatment temperature can be 5 to 100 ° C, preferably 40 to 90 ° C.
- the concentration of the metal salt solution can be 0.01 to 10 molar, preferably 0.1 to 3 molar.
- the zeolite granules according to the invention then contain sodium ions.
- This sodium ion content is limited to the zeolite component of the zeolite granules. while the binder is free of sodium ions.
- the silicate binder is not a zeolite.
- the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules according to the invention can be used with great advantage as adsorbents in gaseous and liquid systems.
- the following molecules can absorb: H 2 0, NH 3 , CH 3 -OH, C0 2 and n-hexane.
- pipe and cigarette filters can be equipped with these granules.
- Another area of application is the drying of organic solvents.
- the grain fraction of 1-2 mm (Example 1A) is dried in a fluid bed dryer at 35 ° C. Part of the exhaust air is circulated so that the CO 2 content of the air is 150 ppm. The water vapor partial pressure is 21 mm.
- the zeolite granules obtained in this way are processed further under the designation 1B as follows.
- Example 1B The granules according to Example 1B are activated in a rotary tube at 420 ° C.
- the zeolite granules obtained in this way are processed further under the name Example 1C as follows. They have the following adsorption properties:
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and at 600') is 0.69.
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.98.
- Example 1B 16.3 kg of dried zeolite granules according to Example 1B are treated as described in Example 2. They have the following adsorption properties:
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.96.
- Example 1C 550 kg of activated zeolite granules according to Example 1C are added to 1,000 l of a 0.3 molar magnesium chloride solution in a 2 m 3 container. The solution is pumped around at 80 ° C. for 3 h. The zeolite granules are then washed with water until the conductivity in the wash water is ⁇ 500 ⁇ S.
- the zeolite granules are dried in a drying cabinet at 110 ° C and then activated in a rotary tube at 500 ° C. They have the following adsorption properties:
- the kinetics of water uptake is shown in Table 4b. lumen to solution 20 1).
- the solution is circulated for 3 hours at 80 ° C.
- the Z eolithgranulate are then washed with water, and then treated for 2 h at 60 ° C with 20 1 of a 1 molar sodium chloride solution.
- the zeolite granules are washed until the conductivity in the wash water is ⁇ 500 ⁇ S.
- the zeolite granules are then dried in a drying cabinet at 110 ° C. and activated in a muffle furnace at 450 ° C. They have the following adsorption properties:
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.98.
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and at 600') is 0.94.
- the zeolite granules are dried in a drying cabinet at 110 ° C. and activated in a muffle furnace at 400 ° C. They have the following adsorption properties:
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and at 600') is 0.79.
- the kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.94.
- the zeolite granules according to the invention according to Example 4 were used in tobacco pipe filters and compared with known activated carbon filters.
- test smokers were unanimously of the opinion that the filters equipped with the zeolite granules according to the invention provided a more refreshing and pleasant smoking experience.
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Abstract
Die magnesiumsilikatgebundene Zeolithgranulate vom Typ A sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zeolithkomponente als Kation nicht ausschließlich oder kein Magnesium enthält. Sie werden hergestellt, indem man pulverförmigen Zeolith A in einem Mischer vorlegt, Natriumsilikatlösung hinzugibt, solange mischt, bis man Zeolithgranulate mit einer Korngröße von wenigstens 0, 1 mm erhält, diese Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls nachrollt, die feuchten Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls zunächst bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 39°C trocknet, wobei man den Kohlendioxidgehalt der Trockenluft auf weniger als 200 ppm einstellt, anschließend gegebenenfalls in einem zweiten Trockenschritt bei Temperaturen von 40 - 120°C und gegebenenfalls in einer dritten Trockenstufe bei 121 - 200°C unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen trocknet und gegenbenenfalls anschließend die so erhaltenen Granulate bei Temperaturen von höchstens 600°C aktiviert, die so erhaltenen Granulate mit einer wässrigen Magnesiumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, gegebenenfalls anschließend mit wässriger Metallsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, bei 40 bis 200°C, vorzugsweise 100 bis 120°C trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend bei 300 bis 650°C calciniert.The magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of type A are characterized in that the zeolite component does not contain magnesium exclusively or not as a cation. They are prepared by placing powdered zeolite A in a mixer, adding sodium silicate solution until the mixture is obtained until zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm are obtained, these zeolite granules are optionally re-rolled, the moist zeolite granules optionally initially at temperatures of 20 to 39 Dries ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 - 120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage at 121 - 200 ° C under otherwise identical conditions and if necessary then the granules thus obtained are activated at temperatures of at most 600 ° C., the granules thus obtained are treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed, optionally then subsequently treated with aqueous metal salt solution, washed, dried at 40 to 200 ° C., preferably 100 to 120 ° C. and if necessary subsequently b calcined at 300 to 650 ° C.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft neue magnesiumsilikatgebundene Zeolithgranulate vom Typ Zeolith A, das Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung als Adsorptionsmittel.The invention relates to new magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the type zeolite A, the process for their preparation and their use as adsorbents.
Es ist bekannt, magnesiumsilikatgebundene Zeolithgranulate mit Hilfe von Natriumsilikatlösung herzustellen, indem man kristallinen Zeolith NaA mit einem Alkalisilikat, in dem das Verhältnis Me2O:SiO2 1:3 bis 1:5 beträgt, verformt und das verformte Produkt anschliessend bei Temperaturen zwischen 40 und 280°C bis zu einer Restfeuchtigkeit von 0 bis 35 Gewichtsprozent trocknet, anschliessend mit einer 0,5 bis 35 %igen Magnesiumsalzlösung bis zum völligen Ionenaustausch im Zeolith und Umwandlung des Alkalisilikats in Magnesiumsilikat behandelt, die Formkörper durch Waschen mit Wasser von anhaftender Salzlösung befreit und schliesslich bei Temperaturen über 200°C aktiviert.It is known to produce magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules with the aid of sodium silicate solution by shaping crystalline zeolite NaA with an alkali silicate in which the ratio Me 2 O: SiO 2 is 1: 3 to 1: 5, and then shaping the shaped product at temperatures between 40 and 280 ° C to a residual moisture content of 0 to 35 percent by weight, then treated with a 0.5 to 35% magnesium salt solution until complete ion exchange in the zeolite and conversion of the alkali silicate to magnesium silicate, the moldings freed from adhering saline solution by washing with water and finally activated at temperatures above 200 ° C.
Die derart hergestellten magnesiumsilikatgebunden Zeolithgranulate zeichnen sich dadurch aus, daß die in der Ausgangsmischung enthaltenen Alkalimetalle vollständig in den Zeolithgranulaten durch Magnesium ersetzt werden. Die nach dem bekannten Verfahren hergestellten Produkte haben einen scheinbaren 0 Porendurchmesser von 3 A und nehmen ausser Wasser und Ammoniak keines der technisch verwendeten Gase auf (DE-AS 15 67 588).The magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules produced in this way are distinguished by the fact that the alkali metals contained in the starting mixture are completely in the zeolite granules are replaced by magnesium. The products produced by the known method have an apparent 0 pore diameter of 3 A and, apart from water and ammonia, do not absorb any of the gases used industrially (DE-AS 15 67 588).
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, magnesiumsilikatgebundene Zeolithgranulate, welche neben Wasser und Ammoniak auch andere Moleküle adsorbieren können, herzustellen.The object of the invention is to produce magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules which, in addition to water and ammonia, can also adsorb other molecules.
Gegenstand der_Erfindung sind magnesiumsilikatgebundene Zeolithgranulate vom Typ A, welche dadurch gekennzeichnet sind, daß die Zeolithkomponente als Kation nicht ausschliesslich oder kein Magnesium enthält.The subject of the invention are magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of type A, which are characterized in that the zeolite component as the cation does not contain exclusively or contains no magnesium.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung der magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man pulverförmigen .Zeolith A in einem Mischer vorlegt, Natriumsilikatlösung hinzugibt, solange mischt, bis man Zeolithgranulate mit einer Korngröße von wenigstens 0,1 mm erhält, diese Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls nachrollt, die feuchten Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls zunächst bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 39°C trocknet, wobei man den Kohlendioxidgehalt der Trockenluft auf weniger als 200 ppm einstellt, anschliessend gegebenenfalls in einem zweiten Trockenschritt bei Temperaturen von 40 bis 120°C und gegebenenfalls in einer dritten Trockenstufe bei 121° - 200°C unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate bei Temperaturen von höchstens 600°C aktiviert, die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate mit einer wässrigen Magnesiumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, gegebenenfalls anschliessend mit wässrigen Metallsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, bei 40 bis 200°C vorzugsweise 100 bis 120°C trocknet, und gegebenenfalls anschliessend bei 300 bis 650°C calciniert.The process for the preparation of the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules is characterized in that powdered .zeolite A is placed in a mixer, sodium silicate solution is added until the zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm are obtained, these zeolite granules optionally being re-rolled, the moist zeolite granules if necessary, drying first at temperatures of 20 to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage at 121 ° - 200 ° C dries under otherwise identical conditions and, if appropriate, then the zeolite granules obtained in this way are activated at temperatures of at most 600 ° C., the zeolite granules thus obtained are treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed, optionally subsequently treated with aqueous metal salt solution t, washes, dries at 40 to 200 ° C, preferably 100 to 120 ° C, and then optionally calcined at 300 to 650 ° C.
In einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung können die magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate vom Typ Zeolith A dadurch gekennzeichnet sein, daß sie als Zeolithkomponente A einen Magnesium-Natrium-Zeolith A enthalten, folgende Adsorptionsdaten
Diese magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate kann man herstellen, indem man pulverförmigen Zeolith A in einem Mischer vorlegt, Natriumsilikatlösung hinzugibt, solange mischt, bis man Zeolithgranulate mit einer Korngröße von wenigstens 0,1 mm erhält, diese Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls nachrollt, die feuchten Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls zunächst bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 39°C trocknet, wobei man den Kohlendioxidgehalt der Trockenluft auf weniger als 200 ppm einstellt, anschliessend gegebenenfalls in einem zweiten Trockenschritt bei Temperaturen von 40 .bis 120°C und gegebenenfalls in einer dritten .Trockenstufe bei 121° - 200°C unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate bei Temperaturen von höchstens 600°C aktiviert, und die so erhaltenen Zeolithranulate mit einer wässrigen Magnesiumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht bei 40 bis 200°C vorzugsweise bei 100 bis 120°C trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend bei 300-600°C, vorzugsweise 400 bis 450°C, calciniert.These magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules can be prepared by placing powdered zeolite A in a mixer, adding sodium silicate solution, until the zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm are obtained, these zeolite granules are optionally re-rolled, and the moist zeolite granules are optionally initially at temperatures of Dries 20 to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and possibly in a third drying stage at 121 ° - 200 ° C below otherwise the same conditions dry and then, if necessary, the so obtained activated zeolite granules at temperatures of at most 600 ° C, and the zeolite granules thus obtained treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed at 40 to 200 ° C, preferably dried at 100 to 120 ° C and optionally subsequently at 300-600 ° C, preferably 400 to 450 ° C, calcined.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform können die magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate vom Typ Zeolith A als Zeolithkomponente einen Kalium-Zeolith A enthalten, folgende Adsorptionsdaten
Die erfindungsgemässe magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate vom Typ Zeolith A können als Zeolithkomponente einen Natrium-Zeolith A enthalten, folgende Adsorptionsdaten
Diese magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate kann man herstellen, indem man pulverförmigen Zeolith A in einem Mischer vorlegt, Natriumsilikatlösung hinzugibt, solange mischt, bis man ein Zeolithgranulat mit einer Korngröße von wenigstens 0,1 mm erhält, diese Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls nachrollt, die feuchten Zeolithgranulate zunächst bei Temperaturen von 20.bis 39°C trocknet, wobei man den Kohlendioxidgehalt der Trockenluft auf weniger als 200 ppm einstellt, anschliessend gegebenenfalls in einem zweiten Trockenschritt bei Temperaturen von 40 bis 120°C und gegebenenfalls in einer dritten Trockenstufe bei 121°C - 200°C unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate bei Temperaturen von höchstens 600°C aktiviert, und die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate mit einer wässrigen Magnesiumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, anschliessend mit einer wässrigen Natriumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, bei 40 bis 200°C, vorzugsweise 100 bis 120°C trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend bei 300 bis 600°C, vorzugsweise 400 bis 500°C, calciniert.These magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules can be prepared by placing powdered zeolite A in a mixer, adding sodium silicate solution, until a zeolite granulate with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm is obtained, if necessary rolling these zeolite granules, the moist zeolite granules initially at temperatures of Dries 20. to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step Dries temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage at 121 ° C - 200 ° C under otherwise identical conditions and, if appropriate, then subsequently activates the zeolite granules thus obtained at temperatures of at most 600 ° C, and the zeolite granules thus obtained with an aqueous Treated magnesium salt solution, washes, then treated with an aqueous sodium salt solution, washed, dried at 40 to 200 ° C, preferably 100 to 120 ° C and optionally subsequently calcined at 300 to 600 ° C, preferably 400 to 500 ° C.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform können die magnesiumsilikatgebundenenZeolithgranulate vom Typ Zeolith A als Zeolithkomponente einen Calcium-Zeolith A enthalten, folgende AdsorptionsdatenIn a further embodiment, the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules of the zeolite A type can contain a calcium zeolite A as the zeolite component, following adsorption data
Molekül Gew.-% Tenp.°C Adsorptionszeit Partialdruck spez.Beaufschla-
Diese magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate kann man herstellen, indem man pulverförmigen Zeolith A in einem Mischer vorlegt, Natriumsilikatlösung hinzugibt, solange mischt, bis man Zeolithgranulate mit einer Korngröße von wenigstens 0,1 mm erhält, diese Zeolithgranulate gegebenenfalls nachrollt, die feuchten Zeolithgranulate zunächst bei Temperaturen von 20 bis 39°C trocknet, wobei man den Kohlendioxidgehalt der Trockenluft auf weniger als 200 ppm einstellt, anschliessend gegebenenfalls in einem zweiten Trockenschritt bei Temperaturen von 40 bis 120°C und gegebenenfalls in einer dritten Trockenstufe bei 121° - 200°C unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate bei Temperaturen von höchstens 600°C aktiviert, und die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate mit einer wässrigen Magnesiumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, anschliessend mit einer wässrigen Calciumsalzlösung behandelt, wäscht, bei 40 bis 200°C, vorzugsweise 100 bis 120°C, trocknet und gegebenenfalls anschliessend bei 300 bis 650°C, vorzugsweise 450 bis 600°C, calciniert.These magnesium silicate bound zeolite granules can be prepared by reacting powdered Zeolite A in a mixer presents, added are sodium silicate solution as long mix until zeolite granules with a grain size of at least 0.1 mm is obtained, this Z eolithgranulate optionally after rolls, the moist zeolite granules are first dried at temperatures of 20 to 39 ° C, adjusting the carbon dioxide content of the dry air to less than 200 ppm, then optionally in a second drying step at temperatures of 40 to 120 ° C and optionally in a third drying stage Dries 121 ° - 200 ° C under otherwise identical conditions and, if appropriate, then subsequently activates the zeolite granules thus obtained at temperatures of at most 600 ° C., and the zeolite granules thus obtained are treated with an aqueous magnesium salt solution, washed, then treated with an aqueous calcium salt solution, washed, at 40 to 200 ° C, preferably 100 to 120 ° C, dried and then optionally calcined at 300 to 650 ° C, preferably 450 to 600 ° C.
Als Zeolith A kann ein pulverförmiger Zeolith, der gemäß DE-OS 24 47 021, DE-OS 25 17 218, DE-OS 26 51 419, DE-OS 26 51 420, DE-OS 26 51 436, DE-OS 26 51 437, DE-OS 26 51 445 und/oder DE-OS 26 51 485 hergestellt wurde und die dort aufgeführte Teilchengrößenverteilung aufweist, eingesetzt werden.A zeolite A can be a powdery zeolite which according to DE-OS 24 47 021, DE-OS 25 17 218, DE-OS 26 51 419, DE-OS 26 51 420, DE-OS 26 51 436, DE-OS 26 51 437, DE-OS 26 51 445 and / or DE-OS 26 51 485 and which has the particle size distribution shown there, can be used.
Vorzugsweise wird ein Zeolithpulver des Typs A gemäß DE-OS 26 51 485 verwendet. Der Wassergehalt des Zeolithen kann 0,1 - 27 %, bevorzugt 15 bis 22 % betragen.A type A zeolite powder according to DE-OS 26 51 485 is preferably used. The water content of the zeolite can be 0.1-27%, preferably 15-22%.
Die Zeolithpulver werden vorzugsweise in ihrer Natriumform eingesetzt. Die Natriumsilikatlösung hat vorzugsweise einen Modul SiO2:Na2O von 1,0 bis 3,4 und einen Gehalt an Na20 von 2 - 20 Gew.-% und an Si02 von 5 - 31 Gew.-%.The zeolite powders are preferably used in their sodium form. The sodium silicate solution preferably has a module SiO 2 : Na 2 O from 1.0 to 3.4 and a content of Na 2 0 from 2 to 20% by weight and Si0 2 from 5 to 31% by weight.
Das Gemisch aus Zeolith A und Natriumsilikat kann die Komponenten im Verhältnis 1,2 ± 0,2 Na2O:Al2O3: 2,4 ± 0,4 SiO2: 12 ± 3 H2O enthalten.The mixture of zeolite A and sodium silicate can contain the components in a ratio of 1.2 ± 0.2 Na 2 O: Al 2 O 3 : 2.4 ± 0.4 SiO 2 : 12 ± 3 H 2 O.
Als Mischer können handelsübliche Mischer eingesetzt werden, die vorzugsweise eine Aufdüsvorrichtung, wie Pflugscharmischer, Schneckenmischer, Mischgranulatoren u.ä., enthalten.Commercial mixers can be used as mixers, which preferably contain a spraying device, such as ploughshare mixers, screw mixers, mixing granulators and the like.
Als Nachrollvorrichtung kann ein bekanntes Aggregat, wie Granulierteller, Dragiertrommel u.ä., verwendet werden. Hierbei wird eine mechanische Verdichtung und Abrundung des Granulates sowie eine Verengung der Korngrößenverteilung erzielt.A known unit, such as granulating plate, coating drum and the like, can be used as the re-rolling device. Mechanical compaction and rounding of the granules as well as narrowing of the grain size distribution are achieved.
Die Trocknung des Zeolithgranulates kann in bekannten Vorrichtungen, wie Trockenschränken, Bandtrocknern, Wirbelschichttrockner kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich durchgeführt werden. Vorzugsweise wird ein Wirbelschichttrockner eingesetzt, da hierbei gleichzeitig eine Entstaubung des Granulates erzielt wird. Die Abluft des Trocknungsschrittes kann im Kreislauf geführt werden, wobei zur "Einstellung des Kohlendioxidgehaltes von weniger als 200 ppm die Trocknungsabluft mit der entsprechenden Menge an Frischluft vermischt wird.The drying of the zeolite granules can be carried out continuously or batchwise in known devices, such as drying cabinets, belt dryers, fluidized bed dryers. A fluidized-bed dryer is preferably used, since dusting of the granules is achieved at the same time. The exhaust air from the drying step can be circulated, the drying exhaust air being mixed with the corresponding amount of fresh air in order to "set the carbon dioxide content of less than 200 ppm.
Die Trocknung kann ebensogut in einem Inertgasstrom, wie Stickstoff, durchgeführt werden, d.h., die Anwesenheit von Kohlendioxid ist nicht notwendig.Drying can also be carried out in an inert gas stream such as nitrogen, i.e. the presence of carbon dioxide is not necessary.
Das Trocknungsgas kann einen Wasserdampfpartialdruck von 0,01 Torr bis 750 Torr, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 400 Torr aufweisen, wobei der Partialdruck des Wasserdampfes im Trocknungsgas unterhalb des Sättigungsdruckes bei der entsprechenden Trockentemperatur liegen muß.The drying gas can have a water vapor partial pressure of 0.01 torr to 750 torr, preferably 0.1 to 400 torr, the partial pressure of the water vapor in the drying gas being below the saturation pressure at the corresponding drying temperature.
Gegebenenfalls folgt eine Siebung mit bekannten Siebvorrichtungen, wobei die Siebung wahlweise an feuchtem oder an getrocknetem Granulat durchgeführt werden kann. Im Falle der Feuchtsiebung muß eine mechanische Zerstörung des Granulates vermieden werden, jedoch kann hierbei das Fehlkorn (Uber- und Unterkorn) leicht mechanisch zerkleinert und in den Granulationsprozeß zurückgeführt werden. Das getrocknete Zeolithgranulat kann bei Temperaturen von 300°C bis 500°C, höchstens 600°C in bekannten Apparaten, wie Muffelofen, Drehrohr, Röhrenofen o.ä. kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich aktiviert werden. Die Behandlung der Zeolithgranulate mit Magnesiumsalzlösungen kann in bekannten Vorrichtungen, wie z.B. Austauschersäulen, durchgeführt werden. Die Behandlungstemperatur kann 5 bis 100°C, vorzugsweise 40 bis 90°C betragen. Die Konzentration der Magnesiumsalzlösung kann 0,01 bis 10 molar, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 3 molar betragen. Als Magnesiumsalz können Chlorid, Sulfat und Nitrat eingesetzt werden. Die Austauschzeit kann 1 Min. bis 6 h, vorzugsweise 30 Min. bis 3 h betragen. Wesentlich ist dabei, daß die Natriumionen des Bindemittels vollständig gegen Magnesiumionen ausgetauscht werden. Ein vollständiger Austausch der Natriumionen in dem Zeolithen wird dadurch verhindert, daß man die bereits ausgetauschten Natriumionen in der Magnesiumsalzlösung, die vorzugsweise während der Behandlung umgepumpt wird, beläßt. Nach der folgenden Wäsche mit Wasser kann die Behandlung mit Metallsalzlösungen erfolgen.If necessary, screening is carried out using known screening devices, it being possible for the screening to be carried out either on moist or on dried granules. In the case of wet screening, the granules must be destroyed mechanically can be avoided, but in this case the missing grain (oversize and undersize) can be easily mechanically comminuted and returned to the granulation process. The dried zeolite granules can be used at temperatures of 300 ° C to 500 ° C, at most 600 ° C in known apparatus such as muffle furnaces, rotary tubes, tube furnaces or the like. be activated continuously or discontinuously. The treatment of the zeolite granules with magnesium salt solutions can be carried out in known devices, such as, for example, exchange columns. The treatment temperature can be 5 to 100 ° C, preferably 40 to 90 ° C. The concentration of the magnesium salt solution can be 0.01 to 10 molar, preferably 0.1 to 3 molar. Chloride, sulfate and nitrate can be used as the magnesium salt. The exchange time can be 1 minute to 6 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 3 hours. It is essential that the sodium ions of the binder are completely exchanged for magnesium ions. A complete exchange of the sodium ions in the zeolite is prevented by leaving the already exchanged sodium ions in the magnesium salt solution, which is preferably pumped around during the treatment. After the following washing with water, treatment with metal salt solutions can take place.
Für die Behandlung der Zeolithgranulate mit Metallsalzlösungen eignen sich solche Metallsalze, deren Kationen in das Gerüst des Zeolithen einzudringen vermögen.Metal salts whose cations are able to penetrate into the framework of the zeolite are suitable for the treatment of the zeolite granules with metal salt solutions.
Neben Kalium, Natrium oder Calcium-Ionen können auch Ba2+, Zn2+, g und andere Kationen verwendet werden.In addition to potassium, sodium or calcium ions, Ba2 +, Zn 2+ , g and other cations can also be used.
Die Behandlung der magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate mit Metallsalzlösung kann in bekannten Vorrichtungen, wie z.B. Austauschersäulen, durchgeführt werden. Vorzugsweise wird die Behandlung mit Metallsalzlösung anschliessend in derselben Vorrichtung durchgeführt, in der die Behandlung mit Magnesiumsalzlösung erfolgte.The treatment of the magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules with metal salt solution can be carried out in known devices, such as, for example, exchange columns. The treatment with metal salt solution is then preferably carried out in the same Device carried out in which the treatment was carried out with magnesium salt solution.
Die Behandlungstemperatur kann 5 bis 100°C, vorzugsweise 40 bis 90°C betragen.The treatment temperature can be 5 to 100 ° C, preferably 40 to 90 ° C.
Die Konzentration der Metallsalzlösung kann 0,01 bis 10 molar, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 3 molar betragen.The concentration of the metal salt solution can be 0.01 to 10 molar, preferably 0.1 to 3 molar.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Zeolithgranulate weisen dann nach Abschluß der Behandlung mit wässrigen Metallsalzlösungen einen Gehalt an Natriumionen auf. Dieser Natriumionengehalt ist auf die Zeolithkomponente des Zeolithgranulates beschränkt. während das Bindemittel frei von Natriumionen ist.After completion of the treatment with aqueous metal salt solutions, the zeolite granules according to the invention then contain sodium ions. This sodium ion content is limited to the zeolite component of the zeolite granules. while the binder is free of sodium ions.
Auf Grund des erfindungsgemäßen Herstellverfahrens ist das silikatische Bindemittel kein Zeolith.Due to the manufacturing process according to the invention, the silicate binder is not a zeolite.
Die erfindungsgemässen magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulate können mit grossem Vorteil als Adsorptionsmittel in gasförmigen und flüssigen Systemen eingesetzt werden.The magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules according to the invention can be used with great advantage as adsorbents in gaseous and liquid systems.
So können u.a. die folgenden Moleküle absorbieren: H20, NH3, CH3-OH, C02 und n-Hexan.The following molecules can absorb: H 2 0, NH 3 , CH 3 -OH, C0 2 and n-hexane.
So können beispielsweise Pfeifen- und Zigarettenfilter mit diesen Granulaten ausgestattet sein. Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet ist die Trocknung von organischen Lösungsmitteln.For example, pipe and cigarette filters can be equipped with these granules. Another area of application is the drying of organic solvents.
In einem Schneckenmischer werden 100 kg Zeolith A (DE-OS 26 51 485, 21 % Wassergehalt) vorgelegt. Hierzu werden 49 kg Wasserglas (Modul 3,38, Na20 = 4,8 Gew.-%, Sio2 = 15,7 Gew.-%) zugedüst. Man erhält Zeolithgranulate mit einer Korngröße von 0,1 bis 3 mm, die anschließend in einem Granulierteller nachgerollt werden. Man erhält so ein engeres Kornspektrum (0,3 - 2,5 mm). Die Zeolithgranulate werden im feuchten Zustand in Kornfraktionen <1 mm, 1-2 mm und>2 mm gesiebt. Die Kornfraktion 1-2 mm wird unter Bezeichnung Beispiel 1A wie unten folgt weiterverarbeitet.100 kg of zeolite A (DE-OS 26 51 485, 21% water content) are placed in a screw mixer. To this end, 49 kg of water glass (module 3.38, Na 2 0 = 4.8% by weight, Sio 2 = 15.7% by weight) are injected. Zeolite granules with a grain size of 0.1 to 3 mm are obtained, which are then rolled in a granulating plate. This gives a narrower grain spectrum (0.3 - 2.5 mm). The zeolite granules are sieved in the wet state in grain fractions <1 mm, 1-2 mm and> 2 mm. The grain fraction 1-2 mm is processed further under the name Example 1A as follows.
Die Kornfraktion von 1-2 mm (Beispiel 1A) wird in einem Fließbetttrockner bei 35°C getrocknet. Hierbei wird ein Teil der Abluft im Kreis geführt, sodaß der C02-Gehalt der Luft 150 ppm beträgt. Der Wasserdampfpartialdruck beträgt hierbei 21 mm. Die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate werden unter der Bezeichnung 1B wie unten folgt weiterverarbeitet.The grain fraction of 1-2 mm (Example 1A) is dried in a fluid bed dryer at 35 ° C. Part of the exhaust air is circulated so that the CO 2 content of the air is 150 ppm. The water vapor partial pressure is 21 mm. The zeolite granules obtained in this way are processed further under the designation 1B as follows.
Die Granulate nach Beispiel 1B werden in einem Drehrohr bei 420°C aktiviert. Die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate werden unter der Bezeichnung Beispiel 1C wie unten folgt, weiterverarbeitet. Sie besitzten folgende Adsorptionseigenschaften:
Die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme ist in Tabelle 1 b dargestellt:
Bedingungen wie bei Tabelle 1aConditions as in Table 1a
Der Kinetikindex (Quotient aus Beladung bei 30' und bei 600') beträgt 0,69.The kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and at 600') is 0.69.
18,5 kg feuchte Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 1A werden in eine Säule (l= 1 m, d ='0,2 m) gegeben, welche mit einer 0,5 m Magnesiumchloridlösung gefüllt ist. Die Austauschersäule ist mit einem heizbaren Vorratsbehälter im Kreislauf geschaltet (Gesamtvolumen der Lösung 20 1). Die Lösung wird 3 h bei Raumtemperatur, dan 2h bei 60°C im Kreis gefahren. Die Zeolithgranulate werden anschliessend mit Wasser gewaschen bis die Leitfähigkeit im Waschwasser <500 µS beträgt. Das Trocknen erfolgt bei 110°C im Trockenschrank und das anschliessende Aktivieren bei 400°C im Muffelofen. Das Produkt zeigt folgende Adsorptionseigenschaften:
Die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme ist in Tabelle 2b dargestellt.
Der Kinetik-Index (Quotient aus Beladung bei 30' und 600') beträgt 0,98.The kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.98.
Bedingungen wie in Tabelle 2a angegeben.Conditions as given in Table 2a.
Beispiel 3 Herstellung von magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulaten in der Mg-Na-FormExample 3 Production of Magnesium Silicate-Bound Zeolite Granules in the Mg-Na Form
16,3 kg getrocknete Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 1B werden wie unter Beispiel 2 beschrieben, behandelt. Sie besitzten folgende Adsorptionseigenschaften:
Die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme ist in Tabelle 3b dargestellt.
Der Kinetik-Index (Quotient aus Beladung bei 30' und 600') beträgt 0,96.The kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.96.
Bedingungen wie in Tabelle 3a angegeben.Conditions as given in Table 3a.
Herstellung von magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulaten in der Magnesium-NatriumformManufacture of magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules in the magnesium-sodium form
In einem 2 m3-Behälter werden 550 kg aktivierte Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 1C zu 1.000 1 einer 0,3 molaren Magnesiumchloridlösung zugegeben. Die Lösung wird 3 h bei 80°C umgepumpt. Die Zeolithgranulate werden anschließend mit Wasser gewaschen, bis die Leitfähigkeit im Waschwasser < 500 µS beträgt.550 kg of activated zeolite granules according to Example 1C are added to 1,000 l of a 0.3 molar magnesium chloride solution in a 2 m 3 container. The solution is pumped around at 80 ° C. for 3 h. The zeolite granules are then washed with water until the conductivity in the wash water is <500 µS.
Die Zeolithgranulate werden in einem Trockenschrank bei 110°C getrocknet und anschließend in einem Drehrohr bei 500°C aktiviert. Sie besitzen folgende Adsorptionseigenschaften:The zeolite granules are dried in a drying cabinet at 110 ° C and then activated in a rotary tube at 500 ° C. They have the following adsorption properties:
Die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme ist in Tabelle 6b dargestellt.
Der Kinetik-Index (Quotient der Beladung bei 30' und 600') beträgt 0,98.
Bedingungen wie in Tabelle 4a angegeben.Conditions as given in Table 4a.
Der Kinetik-Index (Quotient aus Beladung bei 30' und bei 600') beträgt 0,94.The kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and at 600') is 0.94.
Herstellung von magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulaten in der KaliumformManufacture of magnesium silicate-bound zeolite granules in the potassium form
12 kg Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 1 C werden in eine Säule (l= 1m, d= 0,2 m), welche mit einer 0,5 m Magnesiumchloridlösung gefüllt ist, gegeben. Die Austauschersäule ist mit einem heizbaren Vorratsbehälter im Kreislauf geschaltet (Gesamtvolumen der Lösung 20 1). Die Lösung wird 3h bei 80°C im Kreis gefahren. Die Zeolithgranulate werden dann mit Wasser gewaschen, und anschließend 30 Minuten bei 60°C mit 20 1 einer 1-molaren Kaliumchlorid-Lösung behandelt. Die Zeolithgranulate werden anschliessend solange gewaschen, bis die Leitfähigkeit im Waschwasser < 500 µS beträgt.12 kg of zeolite granules according to Example 1 C are placed in a column (l = 1 m, d = 0.2 m) which is filled with a 0.5 m magnesium chloride solution. The exchange column is connected to a heatable storage container in the circuit (total volume of the solution 20 1). The solution is circulated for 3 hours at 80 ° C. The zeolite granules are then washed with water and then treated with 20 l of a 1 molar potassium chloride solution at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. The zeolite granules are then washed until the conductivity in the wash water is <500 µS.
Die Zeolithgranulate werden in einem Trockenschrank bei 110°C getrocknet und in einem Muffelofen bei 400°C aktiviert. Sie besitzen folgende Adsorptionseigenschaften:
Die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme ist in Tabelle 5b dargestellt.
Bedingungen wie in Tabelle 5a angegeben.Conditions as given in Table 5a.
Der Kinetik-Index (Quotient der Beladung bei 30' und bei 600') beträgt 0,79.The kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and at 600') is 0.79.
Herstellung von magnesiumsilikatgebundenen Zeolithgranulaten in der Natriumform.Manufacture of magnesium silicate bound zeolite granules in the sodium form.
12 kg Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 1 werden in eine Säule (1= 1m, d= 0,2 m), welche mit einer 0,5 m Magnesiumchloridlösung gefüllt ist, gegeben. Die Austauschersäule ist mit einem heizbaren Vorratsbehälter in Kreislauf geschaltet (Gesamtvo-12 kg of zeolite granules according to Example 1 are placed in a column (1 = 1 m, d = 0.2 m) which is filled with a 0.5 m magnesium chloride solution. The exchanger column is connected in a circuit with a heatable storage container (total
12 kg Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 1C werden in eine Säule (1= 1m, d= 0,2 m), welche mit einer 0,5 m Magnesiumchloridlösung gefüllt ist, gegeben. Die Austauschersäule ist mit einem heizbaren Vorratsbehälter im Kreislauf geschaltet (Gesamtvolument der Lösung 20 1). Die Lösung wird 3 h bei 80°C im Kreis gefahren. Die Zeolithgranulate werden dann mit Wasser gewaschen, und anschließend 2 h bei 60°C mit 20 1 einer 1-molaren Calciumchlorid-Lösung behandelt. Die Zeolithgranulate werden anschliessend solange gewaschen, bis die Leitfähigkeit im Waschwasser 〈 500 µS beträgt. Die so erhaltenen Zeolithgranulate werden in einem Trockenschrank bei 110°C getrocknet und in einem Muffelofen bei 500°C aktiviert. Sie besitzen die folgenden Adsorptionseigenschaften:
Die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme ist in Tabelle 7b dargestellt.
Der Kinetik-Index (Quotient aus Beladung bei 30' und 600') beträgt 0,94.The kinetic index (quotient of loading at 30 'and 600') is 0.94.
Trocknung von LöSungsmittelnSolvent drying
In einem Kolben wurden 1 1 Ethanol mit 1.000 ppm Wassergehalt mit 100 gr Zeolithgranulate gemäß Beispiel 5 bei Raumtemperatur versetzt.100 ml of zeolite granules according to Example 5 were added to 1 liter of ethanol with a water content of 1,000 ppm in a flask at room temperature.
Das Ethanol hatte nach 24 Stunden ein Restwassergehalt von 20 ppm.After 24 hours the ethanol had a residual water content of 20 ppm.
Verwendung in PfeifenfilternUse in pipe filters
Bei einem Proberauchen mit 4 Testrauchern wurde das erfindungsgemäße Zeolithgranulat nach Beispiel 4 in Tabakspfeifenfiltern verwendet und mit bekannten Aktivkohlefiltern verglichen.In a test smoke with 4 test smokers, the zeolite granules according to the invention according to Example 4 were used in tobacco pipe filters and compared with known activated carbon filters.
Die Testraucher waren einstimmig der Auffassung, daß die mit den erfindungsgemäßen Zeolithgranulaten ausgestatteten Filter einen erfrischenderen und angenehmereren Rauchgenuß erbrachten.The test smokers were unanimously of the opinion that the filters equipped with the zeolite granules according to the invention provided a more refreshing and pleasant smoking experience.
Claims (13)
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AT84103206T ATE47371T1 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1984-03-23 | MAGNESIUM SILICATE BONDED ZEOLITE GRANULES OF THE ZEOLITE A TYPE, PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND USE. |
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DE3312877 | 1983-04-11 | ||
DE19833312877 DE3312877A1 (en) | 1983-04-11 | 1983-04-11 | MAGNESIUM SILICATE-TIED ZEOLITE GRANULES, TYPE ZEOLITH A, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF |
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US (1) | US4668648A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0124737B1 (en) |
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JP3078850B2 (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 2000-08-21 | 日揮ユニバーサル株式会社 | Adsorption composition containing zeolite and adsorption decomposition composition containing this adsorption composition |
SE9403014D0 (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1994-09-09 | Svenska Tobaks Ab | Tobacco smoke filters |
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DE102006040432A1 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-20 | Oxeno Olefinchemie Gmbh | Catalyst and process for the preparation of isoolefins |
FR2915062B1 (en) * | 2007-04-17 | 2011-04-08 | Laurent Schwartz | USE OF CO2 ABSORPTION MEANS IN A CIGARETTE FILTER TO REDUCE THE INHALE CO2 RATE BY A SMOKER. |
CN106085863B (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2019-10-25 | 3M创新有限公司 | Microorganism concentration process and be used for concentration agent therein |
JP5800460B2 (en) | 2010-02-01 | 2015-10-28 | 株式会社ダイセル | Cigarette filters containing magnesium metasilicate aluminate |
WO2012064294A1 (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-18 | KAYA, Selçuk | Reduction of harmful smoke constituents, including a tobacco column and a filter element |
DE102011104006A1 (en) | 2010-12-10 | 2012-06-14 | Süd-Chemie AG | Granulated zeolites with high adsorption capacity for the adsorption of organic molecules |
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US2973327A (en) * | 1955-07-01 | 1961-02-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Bonded molecular sieves |
US2885368A (en) * | 1955-11-01 | 1959-05-05 | Texas Co | Stabilized mineral sorbents and process therefor |
US3055841A (en) * | 1956-06-29 | 1962-09-25 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Process for preparing attrition resistant adsorbents |
DE1176105B (en) * | 1962-02-19 | 1964-08-20 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of molecular sieve shaped bodies bound with a binder |
US3181231A (en) * | 1963-08-06 | 1965-05-04 | Union Carbide Corp | Molecular sieve-metal agglomerates and their preparation |
US3382187A (en) * | 1963-10-29 | 1968-05-07 | Union Carbide Corp | Wet attrition-resistant molecular sieve bodies and their manufacture |
US3377295A (en) * | 1964-12-17 | 1968-04-09 | Grace W R & Co | Process for making high strength molecular sieve nodules and extrudates |
US3624003A (en) * | 1969-07-24 | 1971-11-30 | Union Carbide Corp | Zeolitic desiccant bodies and process for preparing same |
DE2008444A1 (en) * | 1970-02-24 | 1971-09-09 | Texaco Development Corp | Sihcat Zeohth Body |
-
1983
- 1983-04-11 DE DE19833312877 patent/DE3312877A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-03-23 AT AT84103206T patent/ATE47371T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-03-23 DE DE8484103206T patent/DE3480193D1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-03-23 EP EP84103206A patent/EP0124737B1/en not_active Expired
- 1984-04-11 JP JP59071058A patent/JPS59199525A/en active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-02-10 US US06/827,926 patent/US4668648A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1792743B1 (en) * | 1966-12-01 | 1972-12-07 | Herrmann Gebr | METHOD OF MANUFACTURING BONDED ZEOLITHIC MOLECULAR Sieves With Apparently Reduced Pore Diameters |
DE1567588C (en) * | 1966-12-01 | 1973-06-07 | Gebr Herrmann, 5000 Köln Ehrenfeld | Process for the production of bound Zeohothic molecular sieves with apparently reduced pore diameter |
DE2656633A1 (en) * | 1975-12-15 | 1977-06-23 | Vasiliev | METHOD FOR PURIFYING GAS MIXTURES |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0170026A2 (en) * | 1984-06-30 | 1986-02-05 | Bayer Ag | Process for increasing the rupture resistence of granules |
EP0170026A3 (en) * | 1984-06-30 | 1988-09-21 | Bayer Ag | Process for increasing the rupture resistence of granuleprocess for increasing the rupture resistence of granules s |
EP0652047A1 (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1995-05-10 | Agency of Industrial Science and Technology of Ministry of International Trade and Industry | Method for separation of nitrogen and carbon dioxide by use of ceramic materials as separating agent |
US5653785A (en) * | 1993-11-10 | 1997-08-05 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology, Ministry Of International Trade & Industry | Method for separation of nitrogen and carbon dioxide by use of ceramic materials as separating agent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE47371T1 (en) | 1989-11-15 |
EP0124737B1 (en) | 1989-10-18 |
DE3312877A1 (en) | 1984-10-11 |
DE3480193D1 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
JPH0466813B2 (en) | 1992-10-26 |
US4668648A (en) | 1987-05-26 |
EP0124737A3 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
JPS59199525A (en) | 1984-11-12 |
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