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EP0123190A1 - Reducing pressure valve - Google Patents

Reducing pressure valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0123190A1
EP0123190A1 EP84103895A EP84103895A EP0123190A1 EP 0123190 A1 EP0123190 A1 EP 0123190A1 EP 84103895 A EP84103895 A EP 84103895A EP 84103895 A EP84103895 A EP 84103895A EP 0123190 A1 EP0123190 A1 EP 0123190A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
reducing valve
flow
pressure reducing
dust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84103895A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0123190B1 (en
Inventor
Gunnar Dipl.-Ing. Stendahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westinghouse Electric Sweden AB
Original Assignee
ASEA Atom AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ASEA Atom AB filed Critical ASEA Atom AB
Priority to AT84103895T priority Critical patent/ATE25424T1/en
Publication of EP0123190A1 publication Critical patent/EP0123190A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0123190B1 publication Critical patent/EP0123190B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/06—Systems for accumulating residues from different parts of furnace plant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C11/00—Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for, e.g. regulators, valves in inlet or overflow ducting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/16—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus specially adapted for operation at superatmospheric pressures, e.g. by the arrangement of the combustion chamber and its auxiliary systems inside a pressure vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
    • B04C2009/004—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with internal filters, in the cyclone chamber or in the vortex finder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure reducing valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pressure vessel can be, for example, a cyclone from which dust is to be removed, or the removal of excess air contaminated with dust from a container.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a pressure reducing valve for the aforementioned purpose, in which the risks of wear and blockage just mentioned are practically non-existent.
  • the pressure reducing valve according to the invention is characterized by a very simple construction, in which the only moving parts consist of a particle mass, which in this case can be regarded as a continuous medium, since the particle mass is fluidized by the flow. So that the particle mass is not entrained by the flow through the valve, the particles of the particle mass must have a significantly greater specific weight or a higher falling speed than the dust. At moderate temperatures, the particle mass can consist of lead balls. At higher temperatures, material with a higher melting point is required so that steel balls or stone material can be considered. The size of the particles must also be adapted to the type of dust and the flow velocities.
  • the river can consist of dusty air.
  • the pressure reducing valve according to the invention is in principle suitable for all kinds of kontunierlichen media - that is, both for gaseous and liquid media, which are mixed with solid material. It is only necessary to adapt the dimensions to the substances, flow quantities and flow velocities.
  • the figure relates to a continuous ash discharge from a cyclone separator in a steam generating plant in which fuel is burned in a pressurized fluidized bed (PFBC plant).
  • PFBC plant pressurized fluidized bed
  • 1 denotes a pressure vessel.
  • Combustion air with a pressure up to approx. 2 MPa is supplied from a compressor (not shown) to the space 3 of the pressure vessel 1 through a line 2.
  • the combustion chamber 4, the cyclone 5 and other auxiliary equipment required for operation are arranged in the pressure vessel 1.
  • the cyclone 5 actually symbolizes existing groups of series-connected cyclones which are connected in parallel with one another.
  • the combustion chamber 4 has a bottom 6 7 with nozzles in the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 there are a fluidized bed 10 of granular material and a cooling coil 11 ettemperatur for regulating the B and to generate steam, which is supplied to a non-> illustrated steam turbine.
  • the cooling coil is supplied with feed water through line 12, which leaves the cooling coil through line 13 as steam.
  • Fuel is supplied to bed 10 through line 9.
  • Under the floor 6 there is an air distribution chamber 14 which communicates with the room 3 via the opening 15 by means of the regulating slide 16.
  • the free space 17 of the combustion chamber 4 is connected by line 18 to the cyclone 5, in which fly ash entrained by the combustion gases from the combustion chamber is separated.
  • the cleaned combustion gases leave the cyclone 5 through line 20 which is connected to a gas turbine.
  • the ash separated in the cyclones is continuously removed by means of a transport gas through line 19 and a pressure reducing valve 21 and collected in a cyclone-like container 22.
  • the transport gas leaves the container 22 via a filter 23.
  • the ash 24 collected is discharged via the valve 25.
  • Gas leaving the cyclone 5 serves as a transport gas for the ashes.
  • the line 19 can also be supplied via the ejector 26 additional transport gas through the valve 27 either directly from the room 3 or via a compressor 28 which increases the pressure.
  • the pressure reducing valve 21 consists of a vertical tube 30 which contains a particle mass 31 made of fluidizable particles. This particle mass 31 is fluidized by the ash gas flow and forms a fluidized bed together with the ash. These particles must have a size and shape and / or a specific weight such that they remain in the pipe 30 while the ash leaves the pipe 30 together with the transport gas and is transported to the container 22 which is designed as a cyclone separator.
  • the required height H of the particle mass 31 depends on the pressure in the pressure vessel and must be able to be varied depending on pressure changes in the vessel 1 caused by changes in performance.
  • the pressure reducing valve 21 has at its lower end a lock or valve arrangement 32 for draining bed material and a collecting container 33 for receiving the drained bed material.
  • the collecting container 31 can be provided with a sieve 34 and a shower device 35 for separating ash which is mixed with the bed material and for rinsing off an ash deposit which may adhere to the bed material.
  • the bed material is fed from the collecting container to an upper container 36, from which it can be returned to the vertical tube 30 via a valve or a lock 37.
  • the transport arrangement between the containers 33 and 36 is indicated by the dashed line 38.
  • Fresh bed material can also be supplied via the container 36 in order to replace lost material or particles which have worn to such a size that they form too little resistance and cause too little pressure drop in the pressure reducing valve.
  • the particles of the particle mass 31 must have a high specific weight.
  • the shape and size of the particles should be such that the particle mass is light is fluidizable.
  • the particles should have a much higher falling speed than the ashes. The latter is to be transported through the pipe 30 into the container 22 at the selected speed of the transport gas, while the particle mass is to remain in the pipe 30 at this gas speed.
  • the fluidizable particles of the particle mass therefore preferably consist of metal balls with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm. If the temperature in the river is not too high, lead balls can be used to keep tube 30 as short as possible. However, if the temperature of the flow material is high and / or the dust from the pressure vessel is hard and sharp-edged and thus strongly eroding, then the balls must be made of steel or a similar material. This means that a higher tube 30 is required, but on the other hand cheaper particle mass can be used. It is also possible to use a grus from any heavy mineral. The choice of particle mass can be the result of a trade-off between the cost of the pipe and the particle mass.
  • an extension 40 which forms the transition between the tubes 19 and 30.
  • this extension is filled with the particle mass 31, which also extends into the tube 19 over a certain distance.
  • the particle mass 31 is whirled up in the tube 30, so that along the line 41 indicated by the broken line. Flow path for the river trains. Part of the particle mass remains below this line. This part thus protects the transition between pipes 19 and 30. If a smooth transition between pipes 19 and 30 were to be provided, this section would be subjected to severe erosion by the river due to the deflection of the river, so that there would be a risk of that the pipe wall can be quickly torn at this transition would.
  • the pressure reducing valve according to the invention can also be used just as well when removing sludge from the pressure vessel, ie when using a liquid transport medium.
  • the cyclone shown in the figure is also only to be regarded as an example of a pressure vessel from which dust is to be removed by means of an air stream.
  • the invention is used as a pressure reducing valve 21 in an ash ejection system.
  • the pressure reducing valve can also be used as an ash cooler.
  • the tube 30 is surrounded by a cooling jacket 43.
  • a suitable cooling medium is supplied to the gap 44 between the pipe 30 and the cooling jacket 43.
  • the invention has the great advantage that the fluidized particle mass 31 in the tube 30 ensures very good heat transfer to the tube walls, so that the heat contained in the ashes and the gases can be used to a large extent.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)

Abstract

A pressure-reducing valve for a dust-entraining gaseous or liquid fluent flow comprises a vertical tube containing a bed of particles which are fluidized by the flow. The particles have considerably greater specific weight than the dust in the flow, so that the particles in the bed are not carried away by the flow. The valve may be used to permit the continuous egress of a dust-contaminated flow from a pressurized container, for example a cyclone, while maintaining the pressure in the container. If the fluent flow is hot, the valve tube may be surrounded by a cooling jacket for extracting heat therefrom. The height of the bed in the tube may be adjusted to and from a particle storage, at the lower and upper ends, respectively, of the tube.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Druckreduzierventil gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Bei dem Druckbehälter kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Zyklon handeln, aus dem Staub abzuführen ist, oder um die Abführung überschüssiger, mit Staub verunreinigter Luft aus einem Behälter.The present invention relates to a pressure reducing valve according to the preamble of claim 1. The pressure vessel can be, for example, a cyclone from which dust is to be removed, or the removal of excess air contaminated with dust from a container.

Um den abzuführenden Fluß auf einem bestimmten Wert zu halten, kann es notwendig sein, den Fluß zu bremsen. Wegen des im Fluß enthaltenen Staubes ist es in der Regel nicht möglich, für diese Abbremsung herkömmliche Ventile mit beweglichen Teilen zu verwenden. Einerseits würden solchen Ventile unvermeidlich einem starken Verschleiß unterliegen und andererseits würde durch Verstopfung von Räumen in den Ventilen bald eine Blockierung ihrer Verstellbarkeit eintreten.To keep the flow to be discharged at a certain value, it may be necessary to brake the flow. Because of the dust contained in the river, it is usually not possible to use conventional valves with moving parts for this braking. On the one hand, such valves would inevitably be subject to heavy wear and, on the other hand, blockage of spaces in the valves would soon block their adjustability.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Druckreduzierventil für den vorgenannten Zweck zu entwickeln, bei welchem die eben genannten Gefahren eines Verschleißes und einer Blockierung praktisch nicht vorhanden sind.The invention has for its object to develop a pressure reducing valve for the aforementioned purpose, in which the risks of wear and blockage just mentioned are practically non-existent.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Druckreduzierventil gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 vorgeschlagen, welches erfindungsgemäß die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 genannten Merkmale hat.To solve this problem, a pressure reducing valve according to the preamble of claim 1 is proposed, which according to the invention has the features mentioned in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen genannt..Advantageous embodiments of the invention are mentioned in the further claims.

Das Druckreduzierventil nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich durch eine sehr einfache Konstruktion aus, bei welcher die einzigen beweglichen Teile aus einer Partikelmasse bestehen, die in diesem Fall als ein kontinuierliches Medium betrachtet werden kann, da die Partikelmasse von dem Fluß fluidisiert wird. Damit die Partikelmasse von dem Fluß nicht durch das Ventil mitgerissen wird, müssen die Partikel der Partikelmasse ein bedeutend größeres spezifisches Gewicht oder eine höhere Fallgeschwindigkeit als der Staub haben. Bei mäßigen Temperaturen kann die Partikelmasse aus Bleikugeln bestehen. Bei höheren Temperaturen ist Material mit einem höheren Schmelzpunkt erforderlich, so daß Stahlkugeln oder Steinmaterial in Betracht kommen. Auch die Größe der Partikel muß der Art des Staubes und den vorkommenden Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten angepaßt sein.The pressure reducing valve according to the invention is characterized by a very simple construction, in which the only moving parts consist of a particle mass, which in this case can be regarded as a continuous medium, since the particle mass is fluidized by the flow. So that the particle mass is not entrained by the flow through the valve, the particles of the particle mass must have a significantly greater specific weight or a higher falling speed than the dust. At moderate temperatures, the particle mass can consist of lead balls. At higher temperatures, material with a higher melting point is required so that steel balls or stone material can be considered. The size of the particles must also be adapted to the type of dust and the flow velocities.

Der Fluß kann aus staubhaltiger Luft bestehen. Das Druckreduzierventil gemäß der Erfindung ist jedoch grundsätzlich für alle Arten von kontunierlichen Medien verwendbar,-d.h. sowohl für gasförmige als auch für flüssige Medien, die mit festem Material gemischt sind. Es müssen lediglich die Abmessungen den vorkommenden Stoffen, Flußmengen und Flußgeschwindigkeiten angepaßt werden.The river can consist of dusty air. However, the pressure reducing valve according to the invention is in principle suitable for all kinds of kontunierlichen media - that is, both for gaseous and liquid media, which are mixed with solid material. It is only necessary to adapt the dimensions to the substances, flow quantities and flow velocities.

Anhand der in der Figur gezeigten Ausführungsform soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Die Figur bezieht sich auf einen kontinuierlichen Aschenausschub aus einem Zyklonenabscheider in einer Dampferzeugungsanlage, in der Brennstoff in einem unter Druck stehenden Wirbelbett (PFBC-Anlage) verbrannt wird.Based on the embodiment shown in the figure, the invention will be explained in more detail. The figure relates to a continuous ash discharge from a cyclone separator in a steam generating plant in which fuel is burned in a pressurized fluidized bed (PFBC plant).

In der Figur bezeichnet 1 einen Druckbehälter. Durch eine Leitung 2 wird dem Raum 3 des Druckbehälters 1 Verbrennungsluft mit einem Druck bis zu ca. 2 MPa von einem nicht dargestellten Kompressor zugeführt. In dem Druckbehälter 1 sind die Brennkammer 4, der Zyklon 5 und andere für den Betrieb erforderliche Hilfsausrüstung angeordnet. Der Zyklon 5 symbolisiert in Wirklichkeit vorhandene Gruppen von reihengeschalteten Zyklonen, die zueinander parallel geschaltet sind. Die Brennkammer 4 hat einen Boden 6 mit Düsen 7. Im unteren Teil der Brennkammer 4 befinden sich ein Wirbelbett 10 aus kornförmigem Material und eine Kühlschlange 11 zur Regelung der Bettemperatur und zur Erzeugung von Dampf, der an eine nicht>dargestellte Dampfturbine geliefert wird. Der Kühlschlange wird Speisewasser durch die Leitung 12 zugeführt, welches die Kühlschlange durch eine Leitung 13 als Dampf verläßt. Brennstoff wird dem Bett 10 durch die Leitung 9 zugeführt. Unter dem Boden 6 befindet sich eine Luftverteilungskammer 14, die über die Öffnung 15 mittels des Regulierschiebers 16 mit dem Raum 3 in Verbindung steht. Der Freiraum 17 der Brennkammer 4 ist durch die Leitung 18 mit dem Zyklon 5 verbunden, in welchem von den Verbrennungsgasen aus der Brennkammer mitgerissene Flugasche abgeschieden wird. Die gereinigten Verbrennungsgase verlassen den Zyklon 5 durch die Leitung 20, die an eine Gasturbine angeschlossen ist.In the figure, 1 denotes a pressure vessel. Combustion air with a pressure up to approx. 2 MPa is supplied from a compressor (not shown) to the space 3 of the pressure vessel 1 through a line 2. The combustion chamber 4, the cyclone 5 and other auxiliary equipment required for operation are arranged in the pressure vessel 1. The cyclone 5 actually symbolizes existing groups of series-connected cyclones which are connected in parallel with one another. The combustion chamber 4 has a bottom 6 7 with nozzles in the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 there are a fluidized bed 10 of granular material and a cooling coil 11 ettemperatur for regulating the B and to generate steam, which is supplied to a non-> illustrated steam turbine. The cooling coil is supplied with feed water through line 12, which leaves the cooling coil through line 13 as steam. Fuel is supplied to bed 10 through line 9. Under the floor 6 there is an air distribution chamber 14 which communicates with the room 3 via the opening 15 by means of the regulating slide 16. The free space 17 of the combustion chamber 4 is connected by line 18 to the cyclone 5, in which fly ash entrained by the combustion gases from the combustion chamber is separated. The cleaned combustion gases leave the cyclone 5 through line 20 which is connected to a gas turbine.

Die in den Zyklonen abgeschiedene Asche wird kontinuierlich mittels eines Transportgases durch die Leitung 19 und ein Druckreduzierventil 21 abgeführt und in einem zyklonartigen Behälter 22 gesammelt. Das Transportgas verläßt den Behälter 22 über ein Filter 23. Die gesammelte Asche 24 wird über das Ventil 25 abgelassen. Gas, das den Zyklon 5 verläßt, dient als Transportgas für die Asche. Der Leitung 19 kann auch über den Ejektor 26 zusätzliches Transportgas durch das Ventil 27 entweder direkt aus dem Raum 3 oder über einen den Druck erhöhenden Kompressor 28 zugeführt werden.The ash separated in the cyclones is continuously removed by means of a transport gas through line 19 and a pressure reducing valve 21 and collected in a cyclone-like container 22. The transport gas leaves the container 22 via a filter 23. The ash 24 collected is discharged via the valve 25. Gas leaving the cyclone 5 serves as a transport gas for the ashes. The line 19 can also be supplied via the ejector 26 additional transport gas through the valve 27 either directly from the room 3 or via a compressor 28 which increases the pressure.

Das Druckreduzierventil 21 besteht aus einem vertikalen Rohr 30, das eine Partikelmasse 31 aus fluidisierbaren Partikeln enthält. Diese Partikelmasse 31 wird von dem Aschen-Gasfluß fluidisiert und bildet zusammen mit der Asche ein Wirbelbett. Diese Partikel müssen eine solche Größe und Form und/oder ein solches spezifisches Gewicht haben, daß sie in dem Rohr 30 zurückbleiben, während die Asche zusammen mit dem Transportgas das Rohr 30 verläßt und zu dem wie ein Zyklonenabscheider ausgebildeten Behälter 22 transportiert wird.The pressure reducing valve 21 consists of a vertical tube 30 which contains a particle mass 31 made of fluidizable particles. This particle mass 31 is fluidized by the ash gas flow and forms a fluidized bed together with the ash. These particles must have a size and shape and / or a specific weight such that they remain in the pipe 30 while the ash leaves the pipe 30 together with the transport gas and is transported to the container 22 which is designed as a cyclone separator.

Die erforderliche Höhe H der Partikelmasse 31 ist von dem Druck im Druckbehälter abhängig und muß in Abhängigkeit von durch Leistungsänderungen bedingten Druckänderungen im Behälter 1 variiert werden können. Zu diesem Zweck hat das Druckreduzierventil 21 an seinem unteren Ende eine Schleuse oder eine Ventilanordnung 32 zum Ablassen von Bettmaterial und einen Sammelbehälter 33 zur Aufnahme des abgelassenen Bettmaterials. Der Sammelbehälter 31 kann mit einem Sieb 34 und einer Duschvorrichtung 35 versehen sein zur Abscheidung von Asche, die dem Bettmaterial beigemischt ist und zum Abspülen eines eventuell an dem Bettmaterial haftenden Aschebelages. Von dem Sammelbehälter wird das Bettmaterial einem oberen Behälter 36 zugeführt, aus dem es über ein Ventil oder eine Schleuse 37 in das vertikale Rohr 30 zurückgegeben werden kann. Die Transportanordnung zwischen den Behältern 33 und 36 ist durch die gestrichelte Linie 38 angedeutet. Über den Behälter 36 kann auch frisches Bettmaterial zugeführt werden, um verlorenes Material oder solche Partikel zu ersetzen, die sich auf eine solche Größe abgenutzt haben, daß sie einen zu geringen Widerstand bilden und einen zu geringen Druckabfall im Druckreduzierventil verursachen.The required height H of the particle mass 31 depends on the pressure in the pressure vessel and must be able to be varied depending on pressure changes in the vessel 1 caused by changes in performance. For this purpose, the pressure reducing valve 21 has at its lower end a lock or valve arrangement 32 for draining bed material and a collecting container 33 for receiving the drained bed material. The collecting container 31 can be provided with a sieve 34 and a shower device 35 for separating ash which is mixed with the bed material and for rinsing off an ash deposit which may adhere to the bed material. The bed material is fed from the collecting container to an upper container 36, from which it can be returned to the vertical tube 30 via a valve or a lock 37. The transport arrangement between the containers 33 and 36 is indicated by the dashed line 38. Fresh bed material can also be supplied via the container 36 in order to replace lost material or particles which have worn to such a size that they form too little resistance and cause too little pressure drop in the pressure reducing valve.

Damit das Druckreduzierventil eine möglichst geringe Höhe hat, müssen die Partikel der Partikelmasse 31 ein hohes spezifisches Gewicht haben. Form und Größe der Partikel sollen so beschaffen sein, daß die Partikelmasse leicht fluidisierbar ist. Zugleich sollen die Partikel eine wesentlich höhere Fallgeschwindigkeit als die Asche haben. Letztere soll bei der gewählten Geschwindigkeit des Transportgases durch das Rohr 30 in den Behälter 22 transportiert werden, während die Partikelmasse bei dieser Gasgeschwindigkeit im Rohr 30 verbleiben soll.So that the pressure reducing valve is as small as possible, the particles of the particle mass 31 must have a high specific weight. The shape and size of the particles should be such that the particle mass is light is fluidizable. At the same time, the particles should have a much higher falling speed than the ashes. The latter is to be transported through the pipe 30 into the container 22 at the selected speed of the transport gas, while the particle mass is to remain in the pipe 30 at this gas speed.

Die fluidisierbaren Partikel der Partikelmasse bestehen daher vorzugsweise aus Metallkugeln mit einem Druchmesser von 1 bis 2 mm. Wenn die Temperatur in dem Fluß nicht zu hoch ist, können Bleikugeln verwendet werden, damit das Rohr 30 so kurz wie möglich wird. Ist die Temperatur des Flußmaterial jedoch hoch und/oder der Staub vom Druckbehälter hart und scharfkantig und somit stark erodierend, dann müssen die Kugeln aus Stahl oder einem ähnlichen Material bestehen. Dadurch ist zwar ein höheres Rohr 30 erforderlich, andererseits kann jedoch billigere Partikelmasse verwendet werden. Es ist auch möglich, einen Grus-aus irgendeinem schweren Mineral zu verwenden. Die Wahl der Partikelmasse kann das Ergebnis einer Abwägung zwischen den Kosten für das Rohr und die Partikelmasse sein.The fluidizable particles of the particle mass therefore preferably consist of metal balls with a diameter of 1 to 2 mm. If the temperature in the river is not too high, lead balls can be used to keep tube 30 as short as possible. However, if the temperature of the flow material is high and / or the dust from the pressure vessel is hard and sharp-edged and thus strongly eroding, then the balls must be made of steel or a similar material. This means that a higher tube 30 is required, but on the other hand cheaper particle mass can be used. It is also possible to use a grus from any heavy mineral. The choice of particle mass can be the result of a trade-off between the cost of the pipe and the particle mass.

Am unteren Ende des Rohres 30 ist eine Erweiterung 40 vorhanden, die den Übergang zwischen den Rohren 19 und 30 bildet. Im nicht fluidisierten Zustand ist diese Erweiterung mit der Partikelmasse 31 gefüllt, die sich auch über eine gewisse Strecke in das Rohr 19 hineinerstreckt. Wenn der Transportfluß vom Druckbehälter 1 in Gang kommt, wird die Partikelmasse 31 in dem Rohr 30 hochgewirbelt, so daß sich längs der gestrichelt angedeuteten Linie 41 ein . Strömungspfad für den Fluß ausbildet. Unterhalb dieser Linie bleibt ein Teil der Partikelmasse liegen. Dieser Teil schützt somit den Übergang zwischen den Rohren 19 und 30. Würde man einen gleichmäßigen Übergang zwischen den Rohren 19 und 30 vorsehen, so würde dieser Abschnitt aufgrund der Umlenkung des Flusses einer starken Erosion durch den Fluß ausgesetzt sein, so daß die Gefahr bestünde, daß die Rohrwand an diesem Übergang schnell zerschlissen werden würde.At the lower end of the tube 30 there is an extension 40 which forms the transition between the tubes 19 and 30. In the non-fluidized state, this extension is filled with the particle mass 31, which also extends into the tube 19 over a certain distance. When the transport flow from the pressure vessel 1 starts, the particle mass 31 is whirled up in the tube 30, so that along the line 41 indicated by the broken line. Flow path for the river trains. Part of the particle mass remains below this line. This part thus protects the transition between pipes 19 and 30. If a smooth transition between pipes 19 and 30 were to be provided, this section would be subjected to severe erosion by the river due to the deflection of the river, so that there would be a risk of that the pipe wall can be quickly torn at this transition would.

In der obigen Beschreibung wird lediglich von einem Fluß aus Staub und einem gasförmigen Medium gesprochen. Selbstverständlich ist das Druckreduzierventil gemäß der Erfindung ebenso gut verwendbar beim Abtransport eines Schlammes aus dem Druckbehälter, also bei Verwendung eines flüssigen Transportmediums. Auch ist der in der Figur gezeigte Zyklon nur als Beispiel für einen Druckbehälter zu betrachten, aus dem Staub mittels eines Luftstromes abgeführt werden soll.In the above description, only a flow of dust and a gaseous medium is spoken of. Of course, the pressure reducing valve according to the invention can also be used just as well when removing sludge from the pressure vessel, ie when using a liquid transport medium. The cyclone shown in the figure is also only to be regarded as an example of a pressure vessel from which dust is to be removed by means of an air stream.

In dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Erfindung als Druckreduzierventil 21 in einem Aschenausschubsystem verwendet. Das Druckreduzierventil kann zugleich als Aschenkühler verwendet werden. Zu diesem Zweck ist das Rohr 30 von einem Kühlmantel 43 umgeben. Dem Spalt 44 zwischen dem Rohr 30 und dem Kühlmantel 43 wird ein geeignetes Kühlmedium zugeführt. In dieser-Ausführungsform hat die Erfindung den großen Vorteil, daß die fluidisierte Partikelmasse 31 in dem Rohr 30 für eine sehr gute Wärmeübertragung zu den Rohrwänden sorgt, so daß die in der Asche und den Gasen enthaltene Wärme in hohem Maße ausgenutzt werden kann.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the invention is used as a pressure reducing valve 21 in an ash ejection system. The pressure reducing valve can also be used as an ash cooler. For this purpose, the tube 30 is surrounded by a cooling jacket 43. A suitable cooling medium is supplied to the gap 44 between the pipe 30 and the cooling jacket 43. In this embodiment, the invention has the great advantage that the fluidized particle mass 31 in the tube 30 ensures very good heat transfer to the tube walls, so that the heat contained in the ashes and the gases can be used to a large extent.

Claims (6)

1. Druckreduzierventil für den Ausschub eines Flusses, bestehend aus Staub und einem gasförmigen oder flüssigen Fluidum, aus einem unter Druck stehenden Behälter (1), wie beispielsweise einem Zyklon, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Druckreduzierventil (21) aus einem vertikalen Rohr (30) besteht, welches eine Partikelmasse (31) aus fluidisierbaren Partikeln enthält, und daß die Eintrittsöffnung für den genannten Fluß sich am unteren Ende des Rohres 30 befindet.1. Pressure reducing valve for the discharge of a flow, consisting of dust and a gaseous or liquid fluid, from a pressurized container (1), such as a cyclone, characterized in that the pressure reducing valve (21) from a vertical tube (30) consists of a particle mass (31) of fluidizable particles, and that the inlet opening for said flow is at the lower end of the tube 30. 2. Druckreduzierventil nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das spezifische Gewicht des Materials der Partikelmasse (31) wesentlich größer als das spezifische Gewicht des abzuführenden Staubes ist.2. Pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific weight of the material of the particle mass (31) is substantially greater than the specific weight of the dust to be removed. 3. Druckreduzierventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (30) mit einem Kühlmantel (43) versehen ist.3. Pressure reducing valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube (30) is provided with a cooling jacket (43). 4. Druckreduzierventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (30) an seinem unteren Ende mit einem Puffermagazin (40) für die Partikelmasse versehen ist, das so plaziert ist, daß der Fluß durch dieses Magazin hindurchgeht.4. Pressure reducing valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube (30) is provided at its lower end with a buffer magazine (40) for the particle mass, which is placed so that the flow passes through this magazine. 5. Druckreduzierventil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Regelung des Gegendruckes in dem Druckreduzierventil an dem oberen und unteren Ende des Rohres (30) je ein Behälter für einen Partikelvorrat (33, 36) vorhanden ist, welche Behälter über Schleusenventile (32, 37) zum Ein- bzw. Ausschub von Partikelmasse an das Rohr angeschlossen sind.5. Pressure reducing valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for controlling the back pressure in the pressure reducing valve at the upper and lower ends of the tube (30) there is a container for a particle supply (33, 36), which container via lock valves ( 32, 37) are connected to the tube for inserting and removing particle mass. 6. Druckreduzierventil nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es Hilfsmittel zur Reinigung der Partikel enthält, wie z.B. eine Sieb- (34) und eine Waschausrüstung (35)6. Pressure reducing valve according to claim 5, characterized in that it contains aids for cleaning the particles, such as e.g. a sieve (34) and a washing equipment (35)
EP84103895A 1983-04-15 1984-04-07 Reducing pressure valve Expired EP0123190B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84103895T ATE25424T1 (en) 1983-04-15 1984-04-07 PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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SE8302105 1983-04-15
SE8302105A SE436248B (en) 1983-04-15 1983-04-15 PRESSURE REDUCTION VALVE FOR EXPOSURE OF DUST FROM A PRESSURE CONTAINER EXAMPLE A CYCLON WHICH THE VALVE CONTAINS FLUIDIZABLE PARTICLES

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EP0123190A1 true EP0123190A1 (en) 1984-10-31
EP0123190B1 EP0123190B1 (en) 1987-02-04

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EP84103895A Expired EP0123190B1 (en) 1983-04-15 1984-04-07 Reducing pressure valve

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US (1) US4593478A (en)
EP (1) EP0123190B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE25424T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3462358D1 (en)
SE (1) SE436248B (en)

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EP0621068A1 (en) * 1993-04-22 1994-10-26 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method and apparatus for handling high pressure material

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EP0313758A1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-03 Deutsche Babcock Energie- und Umwelttechnik Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for the cooling of fine dust
EP0621068A1 (en) * 1993-04-22 1994-10-26 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method and apparatus for handling high pressure material
EP0812613A2 (en) * 1993-04-22 1997-12-17 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Method and apparatus for handling high pressure material
EP0812613A3 (en) * 1993-04-22 1998-02-25 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Method and apparatus for handling high pressure material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE25424T1 (en) 1987-02-15
EP0123190B1 (en) 1987-02-04
US4593478A (en) 1986-06-10
SE8302105D0 (en) 1983-04-15
SE436248B (en) 1984-11-26
DE3462358D1 (en) 1987-03-12
SE8302105L (en) 1984-10-16

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