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EP0115718B1 - Pulverisierte feste Petroleumrückstände und Wasser enthaltender flüssiger Brennstoff, dessen Herstellung und dessen Anwendung in Heizkesseln oder Industrieöfen - Google Patents

Pulverisierte feste Petroleumrückstände und Wasser enthaltender flüssiger Brennstoff, dessen Herstellung und dessen Anwendung in Heizkesseln oder Industrieöfen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0115718B1
EP0115718B1 EP83402381A EP83402381A EP0115718B1 EP 0115718 B1 EP0115718 B1 EP 0115718B1 EP 83402381 A EP83402381 A EP 83402381A EP 83402381 A EP83402381 A EP 83402381A EP 0115718 B1 EP0115718 B1 EP 0115718B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
residues
petroleum
solid
liquid fuel
pulverised
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83402381A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0115718A1 (de
Inventor
Pierre Crespin
François Guay
Paul Henri Galvin
Jean-Paul Gouzard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA filed Critical Compagnie Francaise de Raffinage SA
Priority to AT83402381T priority Critical patent/ATE18067T1/de
Publication of EP0115718A1 publication Critical patent/EP0115718A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0115718B1 publication Critical patent/EP0115718B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/326—Coal-water suspensions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid fuel based on solid fuel such as natural coal or a solid fuel of pulverized petroleum origin, of petroleum residues and of water, as well as its preparation process.
  • the stability (sedimentation capacity) of a suspension of coal pulverized in a liquid depends, in addition to the physical properties of this liquid (density, viscosity, etc.), the percentage of coal in the liquid and the dimensions particles of coal.
  • the stability of the suspension will be all the worse the lower the percentage of carbon and the larger the particles.
  • the production of finely divided coal powder involves expensive installations and a relatively high cost price.
  • the coal used has too high an ash content. Its use as a fuel therefore requires a ash removal operation before its implementation, and the carbon particles which result from such an operation are then too small (100% of the particles generally less than 40, 30 or 15 ⁇ depending on the nature of the coal and the dispersion of the ashes, during good ash removal) to allow the production of a liquid fuel with a high percentage of coal.
  • the significant increase in this percentage can, in a conventional manner, only be obtained by adding carbon fractions having a higher particle size, the ash content of which will necessarily be greater, since the ash release is all the less good that the grain size is high.
  • the patent FR 2393053 which proposes a composition comprising carbon atomized to a diameter less than 40 ⁇ , water and a dispersing agent, indicates that, if the mixture must be transported, for example by pumping, in of the pipes, a carbon content of about 40% by weight at most is suitable, as regards viscosity.
  • the European patent EP-0050412 provides several examples making it possible to obtain suspensions with 63% of carbon, stable in time and not presenting a capacity for sedimentation.
  • the suspensions proposed either have a relatively high liquid content, or require the use of well-defined particle sizes of carbon.
  • the fuel user encounters difficult grinding problems, the extent of which is poorly controlled and the cost of which is consequently very high.
  • the user encounters problems of coal concentration. in the liquid mixture, which it can only resolve by adding expensive additives or well-defined particle size ranges of coal with high ash contents, which therefore take away interest from the mixture.
  • the present invention therefore aims to remedy these drawbacks.
  • the subject of the invention is a liquid fuel in the form of a suspension, in an aqueous phase, of pulverized solid fuel such as coal of mineral origin or a product derived from heavy petroleum residues, with optionally at least one additive, characterized in that the particle size composition of the pulverized solid fuel, originating from a grinding, sieving or ash removal operation, is modified by addition of particle size sections of a product obtained from heavy petroleum residues, solid at storage temperature, and in that the aqueous phase represents between 15 and 40% by weight of the liquid fuel.
  • pulverized solid fuel such as coal of mineral origin or a product derived from heavy petroleum residues
  • compositions of ultrafine ashed coal - a petroleum product with a larger particle size - it makes it possible to take advantage of the specific advantages of these fuels: obtaining a global product with low ash content (ashed coal, little or no ash in the petroleum product), low sulfur content (the coal is more sulfurous; moreover, the ash removal process removes about half of the sulfur contained in the coal) and of good calorific value.
  • the ashes remaining in the coal have dimensions such that they will be subject to "soaring" with the combustion gases, thus displacing the problem of the accumulation of ash in the hearth, difficult to solve in a planned installation. to operate with an ashless fuel, towards the recovery of ash in the smoke, which is more easily achievable on these installations with known materials (filters, cyclones, precipitation, etc.).
  • Examples 1, 2 and 3 below relate to suspensions obtained by mixing a pitch-water emulsion to which pulverized coal has been added.
  • the suspension consists of an anionic emulsion comprising 60% by weight of pitch and 40% of a mixture of water, an additive of the Vinsof type produced by the Hercules company, of an additive of the Indulin produced by the West Waco Company and soda, the pH of this emulsion being of the order of 12 to 14.
  • pulverized coal 80% by weight of which is of dimensions less than 80 ⁇ .
  • the suspension consists of a mixture of pulverized coal, 80% by weight of which is less than 80 ⁇ in size, and a cationic emulsion composed of 60% pitch, 40% of a mixture of water, Polyram S and hydrochloric acid.
  • This example uses the same constituents as in Example 2, with the difference, however, that pulverized coal is used in the particle size range greater than 63 ⁇ .
  • a product is then obtained which remains pasty at 47.6% by weight of coal, or at 79% of combustible materials.
  • the suspension is obtained by mixing at room temperature a bitumen-water emulsion, prepared hot, and pulverized coal.
  • the emulsion of a cationic nature, comprises 60% by weight of bitumen, 40% of water, an additive of the “Polyram” type and hydrochloric acid (at a rate of 6 g of “Po l y ram”, 5 at 6 g of HCI for a total of 1 kg), the pH of the emulsion being between 2 and 4.
  • the pulverized coal used is “Rietspruit”, 80% of which by weight is of dimensions less than 80 ⁇ .
  • a “rupture with a Filler” type rupture test is carried out on this suspension, which consists in adding carbon powder with an average diameter of the order of 40 ⁇ until a compact paste is obtained. (suspension suspension).
  • the suspension is obtained in a manner analogous to that of Example 4, with the difference that instead of giving it a cationic character, it is given an anionic character (use of tall oil). Soda (NaOH) is added, so as to obtain a pH of the order of 12.3.
  • the rupture test makes it possible to determine a rupture at 17% of pulverized coal added, which corresponds to a content of 66.8% by weight of combustible material.
  • a pitch-water emulsion is produced as in Example 1. To this emulsion is added ground petroleum coke (of which 75% by weight is of dimensions less than 80 ⁇ ).
  • This example involves a pitch-water emulsion identical to that of Example 1. To this emulsion is added crushed and sieved charcoal (100% by weight of which is of dimensions less than 40 ⁇ )
  • the same operation is repeated using a de-carbonized coal, 100% by weight of which is less than 40 p.
  • the final mixture obtained has characteristics similar to the previous one.
  • a fluid and stable mixture is thus obtained, the viscosity of which at 10 ° C. is 1300 cPo.
  • the sulfur content of this mixture is only about 1% of the ash content of about 1%. Its calorific value is 4800 kcal / kg.
  • the invention thus succeeds in producing solid fuel-water-oil residue suspensions which can reach in particular, in the case where pitches are used, contents of 40% of coal and 76% of combustible materials. These products are relatively fluid. Their stability can be adapted to the orientation which it is desired to give them by the use of appropriate additives.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)

Claims (20)

1. Flüssiger Brennstoff in Form einer Suspension von pulverisiertem festem Brennstoff, wie einer Kohle mineralischen Ursprungs oder eines aus schweren Erdölrückständen stammenden Produktes, in einer wässrigen Phase, gegebenenfalls mit mindestens einem Zusatz, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Korngrössenzusammensetzung des von einem Zerkleinerungs-, Siebungsoder Entaschungsvorgang herrührenden, pulverisierten festen Brennstoffs durch Zusatz von Kornspannen eines aus schweren Erdölrückständen stammenden, bei der Lagerungstemperatur festen Produktes modifiziert ist und die wässrige Phase zwischen 15 und 40 Gew.-% des flüssigen Brennstoffs ausmacht.
2. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Korngrössenzusammensetzung des pulverisierten festen Brennstoffs nur einen Teil derjenigen ausmacht, welche sich bei einem Zerkleinerungs-, Siebungs- oder Entaschungsvorgang ergibt.
3. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zusätzlichen Kornspannen aus pulverisierten Erdölrückständen bestehen.
4. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pulverisierten Erdölrückstände aus Asphaltenen, Teerpechen und/oder vom Hydrocracken, katalystischen Cracken und Coking stammenden Koksen und/ oder aus Verbrennungs- oder Destillationsrückständen und/oder gegebenenfalls oxydierten Bitumina bestehen.
5. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Suspension die Ultrafeinkornspanne (Körnung in der Grössenordnung von 80% kleiner als 20 µ) wenigstens teilweise durch einen Erdölrückstand natürlichen oder synthetischen Ursprungs, wie fein zerteiltes Teerpech, verwirklicht ist und die Suspension 5 bis 70% Erdölrückstände, 70 bis 5% industriellen pulverisierten festen Brennstoff (Körnung so, dass 80 Gew.-% Abmessungen kleiner als 80 p aufweisen), zusätzliches Wasser sowie einen Emulgator-und/oder Stabilisatorzusatz aufweist, wobei der Feststoffgehalt im fertigen Gemisch zwischen 60 und 85% liegt.
6. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pulverisierten Erdölrückstände die zwischenliegende Kornspanne, wie eine Körnung von 20 bis 80 µ, im Gemisch aus festem Brennstoff und Wasser sowie gegebenenfalls Zusatz ersetzen.
7. Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen pulverisierten Erdölrückstand mit einer Körnung in der Grössenordnung von 80 bis 120 aufweist, welcher ein fliessfähiges Gemisch aus festem brennstoff und Wasserfüllt, das einen geringen Gehalt in der Grössenordnung von 50% an fein zerkleinertem festem brennstoff enthält.
8. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zusätzlichen Kornspannen aus einer Emulsion von Erdölrückständen in einer wässrigen Phase bestehen.
9. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wässrige Phase ausserdem einen bestimten Gehalt an organischem Lösungsmittef, insbesondere einem Alkohol, wie Methanol oder Äthanol, aufweist.
10. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erdölrückstände aus Bitumina oder Desasphaltierungspechen und/ oder Bitumina und/oder oxydierten Bitumina und/oder atmosphärischen Rückständen und Vakuumrückständen und/oderVisbreakingrückständen, Rückständen vom katalytischen Cracken, Coking oder Hydrocracken bestehen.
11. Brennstoff nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Emulsion bis zu 75% an Erdölrückständen in Wasser, einen Emulgatorzusatz und gegebenenfalls ein kationisches oder anionisches Agens aufweist.
12. Brennstoff nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Emulgator bei kationischen Emulsionen aus Salzen von Aminen oder Polyaminen und bei anionischen Emulsionen aus alkalischen Seifen von Fettsäure besteht.
13. Flüssiger Brennstoff nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich beim festen Brennstoff um eine natürliche Kohle, eine entaschte Kohle, einen Kohlewäschereischlamm oder einen festen Brennstoff von Erdölursprung handelt.
14. Verfahren zur Herstellung des flüssigen Brennstoffs nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bestimmte Kornspannen aus festen Erdölrückständen zur Einverleibung in die Zusammensetzungen nach Anspruch 1 mit pulverisierten festen Brennstoffen, wie natürlicher Kohle, einer entaschten Kohle oder einem pulverisierten festen Brennstoff von Erdölursprung, verwirklicht werden, welche durch Pulverisation oder Emulgierung erhalten worden sind.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass einem fliessfähigen Gemisch von festem Brennstoff in einer Flüssigkeit pulverisierte Erdölrückstände, wie Asphaltene und/oder vom Hydrocracken, katalytischen Cracken oder Coking stammende Kokse und/oder Verbrennungs- oder Vergasungsrückstände und/oder oxydierte Bitumina und/oder Desasphaltierungspeche, zugesetzt werden.
16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erdölrückstände in der Kälte durch mechanische Pulverisation oder in der Wärme, wobei die Rückstände in flüssiger Phase vorliegen, pulverisiert werden.
17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der Pulverisation in der Wärme die Pulverisation durch ein Gas unterstützt werden kann, wobei die zerteilten Partikel anschliessend einer Phase schneller Abkühlung, wie einer Abschreckung mit Wasser oder Luft, unterworfen werden müssen.
18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein pulverisierter fester Brennstoff in eine Emulsion aus Erdölrückständen, Wasser und gegebenenfalls Zusätzen eingemischt wird.
19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Gemisch, welches sich aus festem Brennstoff, Wasser und Zusatz zusammensetzt, verwirklicht und diesem gemisch eine Emulsion aus Erdölrückständen, Wasser und gegebenenfalls Zusätzen zugesetzt wird.
20. Verwendung der flüssigen Brennstoffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 zur Verbrennung in Industriekesseln oder -öfen oder zur Vergasung.
EP83402381A 1982-12-27 1983-12-09 Pulverisierte feste Petroleumrückstände und Wasser enthaltender flüssiger Brennstoff, dessen Herstellung und dessen Anwendung in Heizkesseln oder Industrieöfen Expired EP0115718B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83402381T ATE18067T1 (de) 1982-12-27 1983-12-09 Pulverisierte feste petroleumrueckstaende und wasser enthaltender fluessiger brennstoff, dessen herstellung und dessen anwendung in heizkesseln oder industrieoefen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8221822A FR2538407A1 (fr) 1982-12-27 1982-12-27 Combustible liquide a base de combustible solide pulverise, de residus petroliers et d'eau, son procede de preparation et son application dans des chaudieres ou des fours industriels
FR8221822 1982-12-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0115718A1 EP0115718A1 (de) 1984-08-15
EP0115718B1 true EP0115718B1 (de) 1986-02-19

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EP83402381A Expired EP0115718B1 (de) 1982-12-27 1983-12-09 Pulverisierte feste Petroleumrückstände und Wasser enthaltender flüssiger Brennstoff, dessen Herstellung und dessen Anwendung in Heizkesseln oder Industrieöfen

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US4610695A (de)
EP (1) EP0115718B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59133295A (de)
AT (1) ATE18067T1 (de)
AU (1) AU560705B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1216751A (de)
DE (2) DE3362215D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2538407A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA839357B (de)

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US5478365A (en) * 1986-11-13 1995-12-26 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Heavy hydrocarbon emulsions and stable petroleum coke slurries therewith
US4780110A (en) * 1987-07-14 1988-10-25 Electric Fuels Corporation Low sulfur and ash fuel composition
US4875906A (en) 1988-11-10 1989-10-24 Texaco Inc. Partial oxidation of low heating value hazardous waste petroleum products
US5419852A (en) * 1991-12-02 1995-05-30 Intevep, S.A. Bimodal emulsion and its method of preparation
US6398921B1 (en) 1995-03-15 2002-06-04 Microgas Corporation Process and system for wastewater solids gasification and vitrification
US5856680A (en) * 1996-04-01 1999-01-05 Texaco Inc Process for forming stable aqueous asphalt emulsions
US6211252B1 (en) 1997-07-07 2001-04-03 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Method for forming aqueous, pumpable fluids from solid carbonaceous materials
US6069178A (en) * 1998-04-09 2000-05-30 Intevep, S.A. Emulsion with coke additive in hydrocarbon phase and process for preparing same
US7279017B2 (en) 2001-04-27 2007-10-09 Colt Engineering Corporation Method for converting heavy oil residuum to a useful fuel
US7341102B2 (en) 2005-04-28 2008-03-11 Diamond Qc Technologies Inc. Flue gas injection for heavy oil recovery
DE602007011124D1 (de) 2006-02-07 2011-01-27 Colt Engineering Corp Mit Kohlendioxid angereicherte Rauchgaseinspritzung zur Kohlenwasserstoffgewinnung
US20090173080A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-09 Paul Steven Wallace Method and apparatus to facilitate substitute natural gas production
US20090173081A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2009-07-09 Paul Steven Wallace Method and apparatus to facilitate substitute natural gas production
US8528343B2 (en) * 2008-01-07 2013-09-10 General Electric Company Method and apparatus to facilitate substitute natural gas production
US8445547B2 (en) * 2008-08-11 2013-05-21 Alfred Jorgensen Means of processing fuel grade petroleum coke for use in internal combustion engines
US8197562B2 (en) * 2008-10-03 2012-06-12 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Modification of rheological properties of coal for slurry feed gasification
DE102016015164A1 (de) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-21 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Synthesegaserzeugung aus hochviskosen Kohlenwasserstoffen

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US1926304A (en) * 1927-06-14 1933-09-12 Pawlikowski Rudolf Powdered fuel for internal combustion engines
US2620312A (en) * 1950-09-25 1952-12-02 American Bitumuls & Asphalt Co Process of making a bituminous emulsion
US3620698A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-11-16 Texaco Inc Hydrogen and carbon monoxide from slurries of solid carboniferous fuels
US4392865A (en) * 1977-02-23 1983-07-12 Lanko, Inc. Hydrocarbon-water fuels, emulsions, slurries and other particulate mixtures
US4441887A (en) * 1981-07-31 1984-04-10 Alfred University Research Foundation Inc. Stabilized slurry and process for preparing same
NL7903961A (nl) * 1979-05-21 1980-11-25 Unilever Nv Werkwijze voor het bereiden van water-in-koolwaterstof emulsies.
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ZA816150B (en) * 1980-10-17 1982-09-29 Atlantic Res Corp Process for making fuel slurries of coal in water and product thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3362215D1 (en) 1986-03-27
FR2538407A1 (fr) 1984-06-29
US4610695A (en) 1986-09-09
DE115718T1 (de) 1985-01-17
JPS59133295A (ja) 1984-07-31
CA1216751A (fr) 1987-01-20
FR2538407B1 (de) 1985-04-26
ATE18067T1 (de) 1986-03-15
AU2288883A (en) 1984-07-05
EP0115718A1 (de) 1984-08-15
ZA839357B (en) 1984-08-29
AU560705B2 (en) 1987-04-16

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