EP0114592A1 - Process for treating metals by using dies - Google Patents
Process for treating metals by using dies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0114592A1 EP0114592A1 EP83890233A EP83890233A EP0114592A1 EP 0114592 A1 EP0114592 A1 EP 0114592A1 EP 83890233 A EP83890233 A EP 83890233A EP 83890233 A EP83890233 A EP 83890233A EP 0114592 A1 EP0114592 A1 EP 0114592A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- jacket tube
- resistant
- alloy
- liner
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000915 Free machining steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000669 Chrome steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
- F41A21/02—Composite barrels, i.e. barrels having multiple layers, e.g. of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12014—All metal or with adjacent metals having metal particles
- Y10T428/12028—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, etc.]
- Y10T428/12063—Nonparticulate metal component
- Y10T428/12097—Nonparticulate component encloses particles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing dies, in particular for metalworking.
- Matrices be it extrusion dies for pipes made of high-alloy steels, copper, plastic, drawing dies for wires, cold impact dies for screws, dies for hot or cold forming of plastic masses, are subject to double stress.
- the shaping parts of the die are subjected to a strong abrasive stress, which can be directly attributed to the deformation of the material to be molded, and on the other hand, a compressive stress occurs because the material to be molded offers resistance to deformation. This resistance causes pressure and tensile stress on the die.
- matrices are often manufactured in several parts, with an inner part which is used for shaping being produced from a different material than a part which surrounds this part and which is intended to absorb the forces. Precondition that a tool divided in this way can bring the desired advantage is an exact manufacture, since only then can the shaping part be prevented from breaking.
- the object of the invention is to create a method for producing dies which allows a die to be produced which is constructed from two different materials, and a large combination of material combinations can be used.
- the process according to the invention essentially consists in the fact that in a casing tube, which is optionally arranged in a capsule tube, made of a tough alloy, e.g. steel, a filling made of a powdery, highly wear-resistant, in particular having a bulk density of at least 60% of the density of the compact material highly heat-resistant and / or corrosion-resistant material, given if in the pre-pressed and / or pre-sintered state and preferably with the exception of one, in particular central, hollow area of the casing tube, is introduced, if necessary compressed, and closed at the casing tube ends or capsule tube ends, whereupon or before evacuation and the tube thus closed, for example in a Protective gas atmosphere, at least 900 ° C, but below the melting point of the metallic materials and a pressure of at least 900 bar and that, if necessary after heat treatment, the composite body thus obtained, which has a full-surface metallic bond between the casing tube and the compressed material, mechanically , for example cut to length, and shaping, in particular
- the central hollow area can be formed by a filler, preferably made of an easily machinable material, e.g. Free cutting steel, are left out, then one. particularly simple manufacture of the die is given.
- a filler preferably made of an easily machinable material, e.g. Free cutting steel
- a tube can also be used as a packing, in which case e.g. over a mandrel that can be forged.
- Tools that can be exposed to particularly high stresses can be obtained by subjecting the composite body to hot deformation, in particular forging, with at least 1.3 times, in particular at least 2 times, deformation before it is mechanically processed into a die.
- a sleeve tube made of an alloy of the following composition in wt .-% C 0.36, Si 1.1, Cr 5.0, Mo 1.1, V 0.40 and remainder iron with an outer diameter of 120 mm and an inner diameter of 60 mm and a length of 1200 mm.
- Degassing was carried out at 360 ° C., whereupon an upper cover with a suction opening was welded onto the capsule tube. Sodanh was evacuated and the suction opening closed. The encapsulated body was hot-isostatically pressed for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere at 1150 ° C. and at a pressure of 1020 bar. This composite body was then forged on a long forging machine to an outer diameter of approximately 80 mm, which corresponds to approximately 2.5 times the deformation. After the forging, annealing was carried out, after which an extrusion die for the production of Cu pipes was produced by mechanical processing, cutting to length, turning.
- a hollow cylinder made of steel with the following composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 9 , 0, Ti 0.6 introduced with an outer diameter of 210 mm and an inner diameter of 120 mm and a length of 500 mm.
- a cylindrical rod made of free-cutting steel with an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of 500 mm was inserted.
- the hollow cylindrical space was filled with a powder of a cobalt-based alloy of the following composition in% by weight C 0.25, Cr 28.0, Mo 5.4, Ni 3.0, rest Co, a density of 6.8 g being obtained by shaking / cm 3 was reached. Degassing was carried out at 360 ° C., whereupon an upper cover with a suction opening was welded on. The mixture was then evacuated and hot-isostatically pressed in accordance with Example 2. The composite body thus obtained was forged on a long forging machine with a fourfold deformation. Further processing was carried out after solution annealing as in Example 2 to give a hot-drawing die.
- a 100 mm long sleeve tube with a 70 mm outer diameter and a wall of 20 mm made of the material 25CrMo4 was made entirely of a spherical alloy powder of the composition in% by weight 0.9 C to produce a cold impact die for gate screws.
- the hot isostatic pressing was carried out at 1050 ° C. and a gas pressure of 1100 bar for three hours.
- the recess intended for the specified purpose and corresponding to the screw shape was produced by EDM machining.
- the sleeve tube can also be welded directly to the lids, since in some cases no pressure can act on the powder in the radial direction due to the material thickness of the sleeve tube.
- the core can also be formed by a hollow cylinder, in which case a mandrel can be used for forging.
- a cladding tube can also be used which has an inner coating, e.g. electrodeposited from nickel or the like., which can occur as an adhesion promoter between the material of the cladding tube and the powder.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Matrizen, insbesondere für die Metallverarbeitung.The invention relates to a method for producing dies, in particular for metalworking.
Matrizen, sei es Strangpreßmatrizen für Rohre aus hochlegierten Stählen, Kupfer, Kunststoff, Ziehmatrizen für Drähte, Kaltschlagmatrizen für Schrauben, Matrizen für die Warm- bzw. Kaltformgebung von plastischen Massen, unterliegen einer zweifachen Beanspruchung. Einerseits werden die formgebenden Teile der Matrize einer stark abrasiven Beanspruchung unterworfen, welche unmittelbar auf die Verformung des zu formenden Materials zurückzuführen sind, und anderseits tritt eine Druckbeanspruchung auf, da das zu formende Material einen Formänderungswiderstand entgegenbringt. Dieser widerstand bewirkt eine Druck- und auch Zugbeanspruchung der Matrize. Matrizen werden deswegen auch häufig mehrteilig hergestellt, wobei ein innerer Teil, der zur Formgebung Verwendung findet, aus einem anderen Material erzeugt wird, als ein diesen Teil umgebender Teil, welcher die Kräfte aufnehmen soll. Voraussetzung, daß ein derartig geteiltes Werkzeug den erwünschten Vorteil erbringen kann, ist eine genaue Fertigung, da nur dann ein Bruch des formgebenden Teiles verhindert werden kann.Matrices, be it extrusion dies for pipes made of high-alloy steels, copper, plastic, drawing dies for wires, cold impact dies for screws, dies for hot or cold forming of plastic masses, are subject to double stress. On the one hand, the shaping parts of the die are subjected to a strong abrasive stress, which can be directly attributed to the deformation of the material to be molded, and on the other hand, a compressive stress occurs because the material to be molded offers resistance to deformation. This resistance causes pressure and tensile stress on the die. For this reason, matrices are often manufactured in several parts, with an inner part which is used for shaping being produced from a different material than a part which surrounds this part and which is intended to absorb the forces. Precondition that a tool divided in this way can bring the desired advantage is an exact manufacture, since only then can the shaping part be prevented from breaking.
Die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Matrizen zu schaffen, welches es erlaubt, eine Matrize herzustellen, die aus zwei unterschiedlichen Materialien aufgebaut ist, und wobei eine große Kombination von Werkstoffpaarungen zum Einsatz kommen kann.The object of the invention is to create a method for producing dies which allows a die to be produced which is constructed from two different materials, and a large combination of material combinations can be used.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß in ein Hüllenrohr, welches gegebenenfalls in einem Kapselrohr angeordnet wird, aus einer zähfesten Legierung, z.B. Stahl, eine Füllung aus einem eine Schüttdichte von zumindest 60 % der Dichte des kompakten Werkstoffes aufweisenden, pulverförmigen hochverschleißfesten, insbesondere hochwarmverschleißfesten und/oder korrosionsbeständigen Werkstoff, gegebenenfalls im vorgepreßten und/oder vorgesinterten Zustand und vorzugsweise unter Aussparung eines, insbesondere zentralen, Hohlbereiches des Hüllenrohres, eingebracht wird, gegebenenfalls verdichtet, und an den Hüllenrohrenden bzw. Kapselrohrenden verschlossen, worauf oder bevor evakuiert wird und das so verschlossene Rohr, z.B. in einer Schutzgasatmosphäre, bei zumindest 900 °C, jedoch unterhalb der Schmelzpunkte der metallischen Werkstoffe und einem Druck von zumindest 900 bar verpreßt wird und daß, gegebenenfalls nach einer Wärmebehandlung, der so erhaltene Verbundkörper, welcher einen vollflächigen metallischen Verbund zwischen Hüllenrohr und verdichtetem Werkstoff aufweist, mechanisch, z.B. abgelängt, und formgebend, insbesondere spanabhebend, bearbeitet wird. Durch eine derartige Vorgangsweise ist eine besonders günstige Kombination von einem schmelzmetallurgischen und pulvermetallurgischen Verfahren gegeben, wobei eine optimale Anpassung in den Eigenschaften erreichbar ist.The process according to the invention essentially consists in the fact that in a casing tube, which is optionally arranged in a capsule tube, made of a tough alloy, e.g. steel, a filling made of a powdery, highly wear-resistant, in particular having a bulk density of at least 60% of the density of the compact material highly heat-resistant and / or corrosion-resistant material, given if in the pre-pressed and / or pre-sintered state and preferably with the exception of one, in particular central, hollow area of the casing tube, is introduced, if necessary compressed, and closed at the casing tube ends or capsule tube ends, whereupon or before evacuation and the tube thus closed, for example in a Protective gas atmosphere, at least 900 ° C, but below the melting point of the metallic materials and a pressure of at least 900 bar and that, if necessary after heat treatment, the composite body thus obtained, which has a full-surface metallic bond between the casing tube and the compressed material, mechanically , for example cut to length, and shaping, in particular machining, is processed. Such a procedure provides a particularly favorable combination of a melt-metallurgical and powder-metallurgical process, with an optimal adaptation of the properties being achievable.
Es kann der zentrale Hohlbereich durch einen Füllkörper, vorzugsweise aus einem.leicht zerspanbaren Material, z.B. Automatenstahl, ausgespart werden, wobei dann eine. besonders einfache Fertigung der Matrize gegeben ist.The central hollow area can be formed by a filler, preferably made of an easily machinable material, e.g. Free cutting steel, are left out, then one. particularly simple manufacture of the die is given.
Als Füllkörper kann auch ein Rohr Verwendung finden, wobei dann, z.B. über einen Dorn, geschmiedet werden kann.A tube can also be used as a packing, in which case e.g. over a mandrel that can be forged.
Werkzeuge, die einer besonders hohen Beanspruchung ausgesetzt werden können, sind dadurch zu erhalten, daß der Verbundkörper vor seiner mechanischen Weiterverarbeitung zu einer Matrize einer Warmverformung, insbesondere Schmiedung, mit einer zumindest l,3fachen, insbesondere zumindest 2fachen Verformung, unterworfen wird.Tools that can be exposed to particularly high stresses can be obtained by subjecting the composite body to hot deformation, in particular forging, with at least 1.3 times, in particular at least 2 times, deformation before it is mechanically processed into a die.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung an Hand der Beispiele näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the examples.
In ein Kapselrohr mit einem Bodenblech aus unlegiertem Baustahl mit einem Außendurchmesser von 125 mm, einem Innendurchmesser von 123 mm und einer Länge von 1200 mm wurde ein Hüllenrohr aus einer Legierung folgender Zusammensetzung in Gew.-% C 0,36, Si 1,1, Cr 5,0, Mo 1,1, V 0,40 und Rest Eisen mit einem Außendurchmesser von 120 mm und einem Innendurchmesser von 60 mm und einer Länge von 1200 mm eingebracht. In dieses Rohr wurde ein Pulver einer Kobaltbasislegierung folgender Zusammensetzung in Gew.-% C 1,17, Si 1,1, Cr 28,0, W 4,0, Fe max. 0,5 und Rest Co gefüllt, wobei durch Rütteln eine Dichte von 6,6 g/cm erreicht wurde. Bei 360 °C wurde entgast, worauf ein oberer Deckel mit Absaugöffnung an das Kapselrohr angeschweißt wurde. Sodanh wurde evakuiert und die Absaugöffnung verschlossen. Der eingekapselte Körper wurde in einer Argonatmosphäre bei 1150 °C und bei einem Druck von 1020 bar 3 Stunden lang heiß-isostatisch verpreßt. Dieser Verbundkörper wurde sodann auf einer Langschmiedemaschine auf einen Außendurchmesser von ca. 80 mm geschmiedet, was einer ca. 2,5fachen Verformung entspricht. Nach dem Schmieden wurde geglüht, worauf durch mechanische Bearbeitung, Ablängen, Drehen, eine Strangpreßmatrize für die Herstellung von Cu-Rohren gefertigt wurde.In a capsule tube with a base plate made of unalloyed structural steel with an outer diameter of 125 mm, an inner diameter of 123 mm and a length of 1200 mm, a sleeve tube made of an alloy of the following composition in wt .-% C 0.36, Si 1.1, Cr 5.0, Mo 1.1, V 0.40 and remainder iron with an outer diameter of 120 mm and an inner diameter of 60 mm and a length of 1200 mm. A powder of a cobalt-based alloy with the following composition in% by weight of C 1.17, Si 1.1, Cr 28.0, W 4.0, Fe max. 0.5 and the rest Co filled, whereby a density of 6.6 g / cm was achieved by shaking. Degassing was carried out at 360 ° C., whereupon an upper cover with a suction opening was welded onto the capsule tube. Sodanh was evacuated and the suction opening closed. The encapsulated body was hot-isostatically pressed for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere at 1150 ° C. and at a pressure of 1020 bar. This composite body was then forged on a long forging machine to an outer diameter of approximately 80 mm, which corresponds to approximately 2.5 times the deformation. After the forging, annealing was carried out, after which an extrusion die for the production of Cu pipes was produced by mechanical processing, cutting to length, turning.
Ähnlich wie im Beispiel 1 wurde eine Preßmatrize zur Herstellung von Schleifkörperscheiben aus einem Hüllenrohr (Werkstoff St 37) von 150 mm Außendurchmesser und 100 mm Innendurchmesser nach Füllung mit einem Pulver folgender Zusammensetzung in Gew.-% 2,2 C, 0,28 Si, 0,37 Mn, 12,6 Cr, 0,98 Mo, 4,1 V, Rest im wesentlichen Fe gefüllt, wobei jedoch vor dem Füllen ein Innenrohr aus Baustahl mit 60 mm Außendurchmesser und 4 mm Wandstärke zentrisch eingesetzt worden war. Zur Ausbildung eines gasdichten Verschlusses nach dem Verdichten des Pulvermetallurgie-Werkstoffes wurden an Stelle von dem Außendurchmesser des Hüllenrohres etwa entsprechenden runden Blechscheiben bis zum Innenrohr reichende Blechringscheiben an den Rohrenden aufgeschweißt und das isostatische Heißpressen sowie die Weiterbearbeitung analog wie in Beispiel 1 durchgeführt.Similar to Example 1, a press die for the production of grinding wheel discs from a casing tube (material St 37) of 150 mm outside diameter and 100 mm inside diameter after filling with a powder of the following composition in wt.% 2.2 C, 0.28 Si, 0.37 Mn, 12.6 Cr, 0.98 Mo, 4.1 V, the rest essentially filled with Fe, but before filling an inner tube made of structural steel with an outer diameter of 60 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm had been inserted centrally. In order to form a gas-tight seal after the powder metallurgy material has been compacted, instead of the corresponding round sheet metal discs extending from the outer diameter of the cladding tube to the inner tube, a sheet metal ring washers welded to the pipe ends and the isostatic hot pressing and further processing carried out analogously as in Example 1.
In ein Kapselrohr mit einem Bodenblech aus unlegiertem Baustahl mit einem Außendurchmesser 215 mm, einem Innendurchmesser von 212 mm und einer Länge von 500 mm wurde ein Hohlzylinder aus Stahl folgender Zusammensetzung C 0,03, Mo 5,0, Ni 18,5, Co 9,0, Ti 0,6 mit einem Außendurchmesser von 210 mm und einem Innendurchmesser von 120 mm und einer Länge von 500 mm eingebracht. Im Zentrum des Hüllenrohres wurde ein zylindrischer Stab aus Automatenstahl mit einem Außendurchmesser von 100 mm und einer Länge von 500 mm eingebracht. Der hohlzylinderförmige Zwischenraum wurde mit einem Pulver einer Kobaltbasislegierung folgender Zusammensetzung in Gew.-% C 0,25, Cr 28,0, Mo 5,4, Ni 3,0, Rest Co gefüllt, wobei durch Rütteln eine Dichte von 6,8 g/cm3 erreicht wurde. Bei 360 °C wurde entgast, worauf ein oberer Deckel mit Absaugöffnung angeschweißt wurde. Sodann wurde evakuiert und gemäß Beispiel 2 heiß-isostatisch verpreßt. Der so erhaltene Verbundkörper wurde auf einer Langschmiedemaschine mit einer vierfachen Verformung geschmiedet. Die Weiterverarbeitung erfolgte nach einem Lösungsglühen analog Beispiel 2 zu einer Warmziehmatrize.In a capsule tube with a base plate made of unalloyed structural steel with an outer diameter of 215 mm, an inner diameter of 212 mm and a length of 500 mm, a hollow cylinder made of steel with the following composition C 0.03, Mo 5.0, Ni 18.5, Co 9 , 0, Ti 0.6 introduced with an outer diameter of 210 mm and an inner diameter of 120 mm and a length of 500 mm. In the center of the casing tube, a cylindrical rod made of free-cutting steel with an outer diameter of 100 mm and a length of 500 mm was inserted. The hollow cylindrical space was filled with a powder of a cobalt-based alloy of the following composition in% by weight C 0.25, Cr 28.0, Mo 5.4, Ni 3.0, rest Co, a density of 6.8 g being obtained by shaking / cm 3 was reached. Degassing was carried out at 360 ° C., whereupon an upper cover with a suction opening was welded on. The mixture was then evacuated and hot-isostatically pressed in accordance with Example 2. The composite body thus obtained was forged on a long forging machine with a fourfold deformation. Further processing was carried out after solution annealing as in Example 2 to give a hot-drawing die.
Ähnlich wie im Beispiel 1 wurde zur Herstellung einer Kaltschlagmatrize für Torbandschrauben ein 100 mm langes Hüllenrohr von 70 mm Außendurchmesser und einer Wandung von 20 mm aus dem Werkstoff 25CrMo4 zur Gänze mit einem sphärisch ausgebildeten Legierungspulver der Zusammensetzung in Gew.-% 0,9 C, 0,6 Si, 0,55 Mn, 5,0 Cr, 6,5 Mo, 5,1 Co, 2,7 W, 2,5 V, Rest im wesentlichen Fe gefüllt, dieses durch Evakuieren verdichtet und das Hüllenrohr beiderseits gasdicht mittels aufgeschweißter Blechscheiben verschlossen. Das heiß-isostatische Pressen wurde bei 1050 °C und einem Gasdruck von 1100 bar drei Stunden lang vorgenommen. Im zentralen Bereich des Kernwerkstoffes wurde die für den angegebenen Verwendungszweck vorgesehene, der Schraubenform entsprechende Ausnehmung durch funkenerosive Bearbeitung hergestellt.Similar to Example 1, a 100 mm long sleeve tube with a 70 mm outer diameter and a wall of 20 mm made of the material 25CrMo4 was made entirely of a spherical alloy powder of the composition in% by weight 0.9 C to produce a cold impact die for gate screws. 0.6 Si, 0.55 Mn, 5.0 Cr, 6.5 Mo, 5.1 Co, 2.7 W, 2.5 V, rest essentially filled with Fe, this compressed by evacuation and the casing tube gas-tight on both sides by means of welded sheet metal washers closed. The hot isostatic pressing was carried out at 1050 ° C. and a gas pressure of 1100 bar for three hours. In the central area of the core material, the recess intended for the specified purpose and corresponding to the screw shape was produced by EDM machining.
An Stelle des Kapselrohres kann auch das Hüllenrohr direkt mit den Deckeln verschweißt werden, da teilweise keine Druckeinwirkung auf das Pulver in radialer Richtung auf Grund der Materialstärke des Hüllenrohres eintreten kann. Der Kern kann auch durch einen Hohlzylinder gebildet sein, wobei in diesem Falle über einen Dorn geschmiedet werden kann.Instead of the capsule tube, the sleeve tube can also be welded directly to the lids, since in some cases no pressure can act on the powder in the radial direction due to the material thickness of the sleeve tube. The core can also be formed by a hollow cylinder, in which case a mandrel can be used for forging.
Es kann auch'ein Hüllenrohr verwendet werden, das eine Innenbeschichtung, z.B. elektrolytisch abgeschieden aus Nickel od. dgl., aufweist, die als Haftvermittler zwischen dem Material des Hüllenrohres und dem Pulver auftreten kann.A cladding tube can also be used which has an inner coating, e.g. electrodeposited from nickel or the like., Which can occur as an adhesion promoter between the material of the cladding tube and the powder.
Bei allen angeführten Beispielen war ein vollflächiger Verbund zwischen dem Hüllenrohr und dem Innenteil eingetreten, wobei beispielsweise bei der Kobalthartlegierung gemäß Beispiel 1 folgende Eigenschaftsverbesserungen durch das heiß-isostatische Verpressen bzw. durch heiß-isostatisches Verpressen und Schmieden erreicht werden können.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT4679/82 | 1982-12-23 | ||
| AT467982 | 1982-12-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0114592A1 true EP0114592A1 (en) | 1984-08-01 |
| EP0114592B1 EP0114592B1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
Family
ID=3567024
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83890232A Expired EP0114591B1 (en) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-22 | Process for the production of arm barrels |
| EP83890233A Expired EP0114592B1 (en) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-22 | Process for treating metals by using dies |
| EP83890234A Withdrawn EP0114593A1 (en) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-22 | Process for the production of a hollow cylinder for synthetics processing machines |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83890232A Expired EP0114591B1 (en) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-22 | Process for the production of arm barrels |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83890234A Withdrawn EP0114593A1 (en) | 1982-12-23 | 1983-12-22 | Process for the production of a hollow cylinder for synthetics processing machines |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4747225A (en) |
| EP (3) | EP0114591B1 (en) |
| AT (2) | ATE33218T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3376100D1 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES528317A0 (en) |
| GR (2) | GR79748B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0151103A2 (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1985-08-07 | BÖHLER Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Manufacturing method for elements of force, especially torque transmission |
| EP0283877A1 (en) * | 1987-03-25 | 1988-09-28 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of producing clad metal tubes. |
| WO1992014853A1 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-03 | Industrial Materials Technology, Inc. | Tool steel with high thermal fatigue resistance |
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| US4640814A (en) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-02-03 | Crucible Materials Corporation | Method for producing clad tubular product |
| AT391105B (en) * | 1988-10-07 | 1990-08-27 | Boehler Gmbh | PRE-MATERIAL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOSITES |
| US5277228A (en) * | 1990-11-02 | 1994-01-11 | Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Limited | Welded pipe with excellent corrosion resistance inner surface |
| US5341719A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-08-30 | General Electric Company | Multi-layer composite gun barrel |
| US5357842A (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1994-10-25 | Reynolds Charles E | Recoil reducing device |
| US5724643A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1998-03-03 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | Lightweight high stiffness shaft and manufacturing method thereof |
| US6218026B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2001-04-17 | Allison Engine Company | Lightweight high stiffness member and manufacturing method thereof |
| US5856631A (en) * | 1995-11-20 | 1999-01-05 | Nitinol Technologies, Inc. | Gun barrel |
| DE19834394A1 (en) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-02-03 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Gun barrel with a wear-reducing hard chrome layer |
| SE516130C2 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2001-11-19 | Damasteel Ab | Substance for metal product, process for making metal product and metal product |
| DE19926246A1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2000-12-14 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Process for coating the inside of a gun barrel |
| US6594936B1 (en) * | 2002-10-03 | 2003-07-22 | Gary Sniezak | Method for lining a gun barrel |
| US20040226211A1 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-11-18 | Ra Brands. L.L.C. | Composite receiver for firearms |
| US20040244254A1 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2004-12-09 | Barfield Christopher A.. | Firearm safety device |
| US7922065B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2011-04-12 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Corrosion resistant fluid conducting parts, methods of making corrosion resistant fluid conducting parts and equipment and parts replacement methods utilizing corrosion resistant fluid conducting parts |
| US7963202B1 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2011-06-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Superalloy mortar tube |
| US7921590B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 | 2011-04-12 | Strum, Ruger & Company, Inc. | Composite firearm barrel reinforcement |
| US20100236122A1 (en) * | 2006-07-26 | 2010-09-23 | Fonte Matthew V | Flowforming Gun Barrels and Similar Tubular Devices |
| AU2006346783B2 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2014-02-20 | Afl Telecommunications Llc | Embedded metallic tubes with compression fit and method for manufacturing the same |
| US8910409B1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2014-12-16 | Ati Properties, Inc. | System and method of producing autofrettage in tubular components using a flowforming process |
| US8869443B2 (en) | 2011-03-02 | 2014-10-28 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Composite gun barrel with outer sleeve made from shape memory alloy to dampen firing vibrations |
| US10118259B1 (en) | 2012-12-11 | 2018-11-06 | Ati Properties Llc | Corrosion resistant bimetallic tube manufactured by a two-step process |
| US9279633B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2016-03-08 | Richard R. Hayes | Multi-caliber weapon |
| US9796057B2 (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2017-10-24 | Saeilo Enterprises, Inc. | Gun barrel assembly |
| SE2300011A1 (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2024-08-10 | Bae Systems Bofors Ab | Barrel |
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| DE2504032A1 (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1975-08-07 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Composite metallic materials - using hydrostatic pressure to compact metal powder on substrate followed by sintering and working |
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| US4426248A (en) * | 1983-05-20 | 1984-01-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Process for coating rifle tubes |
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- 1983-12-08 GR GR73197A patent/GR79748B/el unknown
- 1983-12-14 US US06/561,279 patent/US4747225A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-12-21 GR GR73306A patent/GR81355B/el unknown
- 1983-12-22 AT AT83890232T patent/ATE33218T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-22 DE DE8383890232T patent/DE3376100D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-22 AT AT83890233T patent/ATE33219T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-12-22 EP EP83890232A patent/EP0114591B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-22 EP EP83890233A patent/EP0114592B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-22 DE DE8383890233T patent/DE3376101D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-22 ES ES528317A patent/ES528317A0/en active Granted
- 1983-12-22 EP EP83890234A patent/EP0114593A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1983-12-22 ES ES528315A patent/ES8501657A1/en not_active Expired
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3753704A (en) * | 1967-04-14 | 1973-08-21 | Int Nickel Co | Production of clad metal articles |
| DE2504032A1 (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1975-08-07 | Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg | Composite metallic materials - using hydrostatic pressure to compact metal powder on substrate followed by sintering and working |
| DE2514565A1 (en) * | 1975-04-03 | 1976-10-14 | Uralsky Nii Trubnoj Promy | Metal conveyor pipes with corundum bore - made on horizontal centrifugal casting machine fed with a thermite mixt. |
| US4327154A (en) * | 1977-08-18 | 1982-04-27 | Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Muenchen Gmbh | High-strength components of complex geometric shape and method for their manufacture |
| DE2855155A1 (en) * | 1977-12-22 | 1979-06-28 | United Technologies Corp | METHOD OF MAKING A FLUID-COOLED STEAM STARGET |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0151103A2 (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1985-08-07 | BÖHLER Gesellschaft m.b.H. | Manufacturing method for elements of force, especially torque transmission |
| EP0151103A3 (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1988-01-20 | Vereinigte Edelstahlwerke Aktiengesellschaft (Vew) | Manufacturing method for elements of force, especially torque transmission |
| EP0283877A1 (en) * | 1987-03-25 | 1988-09-28 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method of producing clad metal tubes. |
| WO1992014853A1 (en) * | 1991-02-19 | 1992-09-03 | Industrial Materials Technology, Inc. | Tool steel with high thermal fatigue resistance |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE33219T1 (en) | 1988-04-15 |
| ES8501658A1 (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| EP0114592B1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| ES528315A0 (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| EP0114591A1 (en) | 1984-08-01 |
| ATE33218T1 (en) | 1988-04-15 |
| ES8501657A1 (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| DE3376101D1 (en) | 1988-05-05 |
| EP0114593A1 (en) | 1984-08-01 |
| DE3376100D1 (en) | 1988-05-05 |
| GR81355B (en) | 1984-12-11 |
| EP0114591B1 (en) | 1988-03-30 |
| US4747225A (en) | 1988-05-31 |
| ES528317A0 (en) | 1984-12-01 |
| GR79748B (en) | 1984-10-31 |
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