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EP0114205B1 - Injection pump for diesel engines - Google Patents

Injection pump for diesel engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0114205B1
EP0114205B1 EP83110744A EP83110744A EP0114205B1 EP 0114205 B1 EP0114205 B1 EP 0114205B1 EP 83110744 A EP83110744 A EP 83110744A EP 83110744 A EP83110744 A EP 83110744A EP 0114205 B1 EP0114205 B1 EP 0114205B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
bore
suction chamber
chamber
pump cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83110744A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0114205A1 (en
Inventor
Max Matzen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Original Assignee
Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG filed Critical Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority to AT83110744T priority Critical patent/ATE26155T1/en
Publication of EP0114205A1 publication Critical patent/EP0114205A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0114205B1 publication Critical patent/EP0114205B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection pump for diesel internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the claim.
  • Such an injection pump is known from FR-A 2135 961.
  • a seal is provided for sealing the suction space arranged in the pump housing.
  • the seal in the suction chamber is acted upon directly via a gap between the pump housing and the pump cylinder.
  • the pump chamber is suddenly relieved via an overflow bore, as a result of which a high pressure pulse occurs in the suction chamber.
  • the invention has for its object to prevent in the known injection pump that the seal between the pump housing and the pump cylinder is damaged due to high injection pressures.
  • DE-C 831 038 can be seen to connect the sealing area to the suction chamber via a channel. Pressure surges that occur in the suction chamber, as they occur when the pump chamber is relieved, are therefore transmitted directly to the seal via the channel and the annular space.
  • a leakage space arranged as an annular groove in the pump piston for collecting leakage flows emerges as known.
  • the leakage space is in turn connected to the suction opening via a bore in order to suck fuel that has entered the leakage space back into the pump space via the suction opening.
  • the axial section shown in a detail in FIG. 1a through an injection pump has a pump housing 1 with a pump cylinder 2 and a pump piston 3.
  • the pump piston 3 is of a conventional design and has an oblique control edge 4, which - depending on the rotational position of the pump piston 3 - connects the pump chamber to an overflow bore 6 arranged in the pump cylinder 2, which opens into a suction chamber 7 arranged in a pump housing 1.
  • a seal 8 (sealing ring) is provided below the suction chamber 7 in order to prevent fuel from passing through the unavoidable gap between the pump cylinder 2 and the pump housing 1 into the drive region of the injection pump, which is not shown in more detail below. Due to the gap, when the pump is turned off, that is to say when the pump chamber 5 is released by the control edge 4, fuel returns to the suction chamber 7 via the overflow bore 6. At the same time, the pressure across the gap also acts on seal 8.
  • a bore 9 is provided in the pump cylinder 9, which leads from above the seal 8 to the point in the overflow bore 6 where the lowest pressure prevails. Due to the return of the pressure from the sealing area to the overflow bore 6, the seal 8 is relieved of pressure on the one hand and the vacuum which is responsible for cavitation in the overflow bore 6 is reduced on the other hand.
  • Fig. 1 b shows the pressure curve (solid line) in the position of the pump piston shown in Fig. 1a without Boh according to the invention tion 9. Due to the high flow velocity of the fuel in the overflow bore 6, the fuel pressure drops sharply. If the bore 9 proposed according to the invention is provided, then the dashed line of pressure in the overflow bore results, which does not have the strong pressure drop.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

1. An injection pump for compression ignition Diesel engines, comprising a pump housing (1) with a suction chamber (7) and with at least one pump cylinder having a pump piston (3) with an oblique control edge (4) guided therein, the suction chamber (7) being connected to the pump chamber (5) by way of a fluid transfer bore (6) which is arranged in the pump cylinder (2) and in the region of which the pump cylinder (2) is sealed off from the housing by means of a gasket (8), characterized in that the sealing region between the gasket (8) and the suction chamber (7) is connected by way of a bore (9) with the transfer bore (6), and the bore (9) in the pump cylinder (2) opens into the fluid transfer bore (6) substantially at the point of lowest flow pressure of the fuel flowing back from the pump chamber (5) into the suction chamber (7), that is, substantially at the point of maximum rate of flow.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einspritzpumpe für Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs.The invention relates to an injection pump for diesel internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the claim.

Eine derartige Einspritzpumpe ist aus der FR-A 2135 961 bekannt. Zwischen dem Pumpenzylinder und dem Pumpengehäuse ist eine Dichtung zur Abdichtung des im Pumpengehäuse angeordneten Saugraums vorgesehen. Die Dichtung ist unmittelbar über einen Spalt zwischen dem Pumpengehäuse und dem Pumpenzylinder mit dem Druck im Saugraum beaufschlagt. Am Ende einer Hubbewegung des Pumpenkolbens wird der Pumpenraum schlagartig über eine Überströmbohrung entlastet, wodurch im Saugraum ein hoher Druckimpuls auftritt.Such an injection pump is known from FR-A 2135 961. Between the pump cylinder and the pump housing, a seal is provided for sealing the suction space arranged in the pump housing. The seal in the suction chamber is acted upon directly via a gap between the pump housing and the pump cylinder. At the end of a stroke movement of the pump piston, the pump chamber is suddenly relieved via an overflow bore, as a result of which a high pressure pulse occurs in the suction chamber.

Aufgrund der Forderung nach Herabsetzung des Kraftstoffverbrauchs und der Verbesserung der Abgaswerte in Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen sind kurze Förderwinkel und sehr hohe Spitzendrückein der Einspritzpumpe verwirklicht. Dies führt zu sehr hohen Belastungen an der Dichtung zwischen dem Pumpenzylinder und dem Pumpengehäuse sowie Kavitationserscheinungen an der Überströmbohrung zwischen Pumpenraum und Saugraum. Im Bereich der Dichtung treten Beschädigungen und somit Undichtigkeiten auf.Due to the demand for reducing fuel consumption and improving exhaust gas values in diesel engines, short delivery angles and very high peak pressures have been achieved in the injection pump. This leads to very high loads on the seal between the pump cylinder and the pump housing as well as cavitation phenomena on the overflow bore between the pump chamber and the suction chamber. Damage and therefore leaks occur in the area of the seal.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei der bekannten Einspritzpumpe zu verhindern, daß die Dichtung zwischen dem Pumpengehäuse und dem Pumpenzylinder aufgrund hoher Einspritzdrücke beschädigt wird.The invention has for its object to prevent in the known injection pump that the seal between the pump housing and the pump cylinder is damaged due to high injection pressures.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the claim.

Zum Zeitpunkt der Entlastung des Pumpenraums tritt in der Überströmbohrung ein niedrigerer Druck auf als im Pumpenraum und im Saugraum ansteht. Durch die erfindungsgemäß angeordnete Bohrung ist der niedrige Druckbereich unmittelbar an die Dichtung herangeführt, so daß zum Zeitpunklt der plötzlichen Entlastung im Bereich der Dichtung ein niedrigerer Druck ansteht als im Pumpenraum bzw. im Saugraum. In praktischen Versuchen hat sich gezeigt, daß aufgrund der erfindungsgemäß angeordneten Bohrung eine wesentliche Druckentlastung der Dichtung erzielt wird, so daß trotz hoher Einspritzdrücke Beschädigungen der Dichtung vermieden sind. Ferner sind Kavitationserscheinungen in der Überstrombohrung verhindert, da durch die erfindungsgemäße Bohrung in der Überströmbohrung der sehr starke Druckabbau aufgehoben wird.At the time the pump chamber is relieved, a lower pressure occurs in the overflow bore than in the pump chamber and in the suction chamber. Due to the bore arranged according to the invention, the low pressure area is brought directly to the seal, so that at the time of the sudden relief in the area of the seal there is a lower pressure than in the pump chamber or in the suction chamber. Practical tests have shown that, due to the bore arranged according to the invention, a substantial pressure relief of the seal is achieved, so that damage to the seal is avoided despite high injection pressures. Furthermore, cavitation phenomena in the overflow bore are prevented, since the very strong pressure reduction is canceled out by the inventive bore in the overflow bore.

Der DE-C 831 038 kann entnommen werden, den Dichtungsbereich über einen Kanal mit dem Saugraum zu verbinden. Im Saugraum auftretende Druckstöße, wie sie bei der Entlastung des Pumpenraums auftreten, werden daher unmittelbar über den Kanal und den Ringraum auf die Dichtung übertragen.DE-C 831 038 can be seen to connect the sealing area to the suction chamber via a channel. Pressure surges that occur in the suction chamber, as they occur when the pump chamber is relieved, are therefore transmitted directly to the seal via the channel and the annular space.

Aus der GB-A334437 ist bekannt, im Pumpenzylinder auf der dem Pumpenkolben zug-ewandten Seite eine Ringnut als Leckraum für den am Kolben entlangfließenden Leckagestrom vorzusehen. Dieser Leckraum ist über einen im Pumpenzylinder angeordneten Kanal mit dem Saugkanal des Pumpenraums der Einspritzpumpe verbunden. Auf diese Weise soll in den Lekraum eingetretener Brennstoff über den Kanal zurückgesaugt werden.From GB-A334437 it is known to provide an annular groove in the pump cylinder on the side facing the pump piston as a leakage space for the leakage flow flowing along the piston. This leakage chamber is connected to the suction channel of the pump chamber of the injection pump via a channel arranged in the pump cylinder. In this way, fuel that has entered the reading space is to be sucked back through the channel.

Auch aus der FR-A-2 389 007 geht lediglich ein als Ringnut im Pumpenkolben angeordneter Leckraum zum Auffangen von Leckageströmen als bekannt hervor. Der Leckraum ist wiederum über eine Bohrung mit der Saugöffnung verbunden, um in den Leckraum eingetretenen Brennstoff über die Saugöffnung in den Pumpenraum zurückzusaugen.From FR-A-2 389 007, only a leakage space arranged as an annular groove in the pump piston for collecting leakage flows emerges as known. The leakage space is in turn connected to the suction opening via a bore in order to suck fuel that has entered the leakage space back into the pump space via the suction opening.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1a eine Teildarstellung einer Einspritzpumpe im Axialschnitt mit erfindungsgemäß angeordneter Bohrung,
  • Figurlb den Druckverlauf zwischen Pumpenraum und Saugraum über die Länge der Überströmbohrung ohne und mit erfindungsgemäßer Bohrung.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. Show it :
  • FIG. 1a shows a partial representation of an injection pump in axial section with a bore arranged according to the invention,
  • Figurlb the pressure curve between the pump chamber and suction chamber over the length of the overflow bore with and without the inventive bore.

Der in Fig.1a im Ausschnitt gezeigte Axialschnitt durch eine Einspritzpumpe weist ein Pumpengehäuse 1 mit einem Pumpenzylinder 2 und einem Pumpenkolben 3 auf. Der Pumpenkolben 3 ist üblicher Bauart und weist eine schräge Steuerkante 4 auf, welche - je nach Drehstellung des Pumpenkolbens 3 - den Pumpenraum mit einer im Pumpenzylinder 2 angeordneten Überströmbohrung 6 verbindet, die in einem Pumpengehäuse 1 angeordneten Saugraum 7 mündet. In dem Pumpengehäuse 1 ist unterhalb des Saugraums 7 eine Dichtung 8 (Dichtring) vorgesehen, um zu verhindern, daß Kraftstoff durch den unvermeidbaren Spalt zwischen Pumpenzylinder 2 und Pumpengehäuse 1 in den nicht näher dargestellten unten liegenden Antriebsbereich der Einspritzpumpe gelangt. Aufgrund des Spaltes gelangt beim Absteuern, das heißt, bei der Freigabe des Pumpenraums 5 durch die Steuerkante 4, Kraftstoff über die Überströmbohrung 6 in den Saugraum 7 zurück. Gleichzeitig beaufschlagt der Druck über den Spalt auch die Dichtung 8.The axial section shown in a detail in FIG. 1a through an injection pump has a pump housing 1 with a pump cylinder 2 and a pump piston 3. The pump piston 3 is of a conventional design and has an oblique control edge 4, which - depending on the rotational position of the pump piston 3 - connects the pump chamber to an overflow bore 6 arranged in the pump cylinder 2, which opens into a suction chamber 7 arranged in a pump housing 1. In the pump housing 1, a seal 8 (sealing ring) is provided below the suction chamber 7 in order to prevent fuel from passing through the unavoidable gap between the pump cylinder 2 and the pump housing 1 into the drive region of the injection pump, which is not shown in more detail below. Due to the gap, when the pump is turned off, that is to say when the pump chamber 5 is released by the control edge 4, fuel returns to the suction chamber 7 via the overflow bore 6. At the same time, the pressure across the gap also acts on seal 8.

Zur Druckentlasung der Dichtung 8 ist eine Bohrung 9 im Pumpenzylinder 9 vorgesehen, welche von oberhalb der Dichtung 8 zur der Stelle in die Überströmbohrung 6 führt, wo der geringste Druck herrscht. Aufgrund der Rückleitung des Druckes von dem Dichtungsbereich zur Überströmbohrung 6 wird zum einen die Dichtung 8 druckentlastet und zum anderen der Unterdruck, der für eine Kavitation in der Überströmbohrung 6 verantwortlich ist, abgebaut.To relieve the pressure on the seal 8, a bore 9 is provided in the pump cylinder 9, which leads from above the seal 8 to the point in the overflow bore 6 where the lowest pressure prevails. Due to the return of the pressure from the sealing area to the overflow bore 6, the seal 8 is relieved of pressure on the one hand and the vacuum which is responsible for cavitation in the overflow bore 6 is reduced on the other hand.

Fig. 1 b zeigt den Druckverlauf (ausgezogene Linie) bei der in Fig. 1a dargestellten Stellung des Pumpenkolbens ohne erfindungsgemäße Bohrung 9. Aufgrund der hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Kraftstoffs in der Überströmbohrung 6 fällt der Kraftstoffdruck stark ab. Wird die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Bohrung 9 vorgesehen, so ergibt sich der gestrichelt dargestellte Druckverlauf in der Überströmbohrung, der den starken Druckabfall nicht aufweist.Fig. 1 b shows the pressure curve (solid line) in the position of the pump piston shown in Fig. 1a without Boh according to the invention tion 9. Due to the high flow velocity of the fuel in the overflow bore 6, the fuel pressure drops sharply. If the bore 9 proposed according to the invention is provided, then the dashed line of pressure in the overflow bore results, which does not have the strong pressure drop.

Claims (1)

  1. An injection pump for compression ignition Diesel engines, comprising a pump housing (1) with a suction chamber (7) and with at least one pump cylinder having a pump piston (3) with an oblique control edge (4) guided therein, the suction chamber (7) being connected to the pump chamber (5) by way of a fluid transfer bore (6) which is arranged in the pump cylinder (2) and in the region of which the pump cylinder (2) is sealed off from the housing by means of a gasket (8), characterised in that the sealing region between the gasket (8) and the suction chamber (7) is connected by way of a bore (9) with the transfer bore (6), and the bore (9) in the pump cylinder (2) opens into the fluid transfer bore (6) substantially at the point of lowest flow pressure of the fuel flowing back from the pump chamber (5) into the suction chamber (7), that is, substantially at the point of maximum rate of flow.
EP83110744A 1983-01-03 1983-10-27 Injection pump for diesel engines Expired EP0114205B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83110744T ATE26155T1 (en) 1983-01-03 1983-10-27 INJECTION PUMP FOR DIESEL ENGINES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3300030 1983-01-03
DE19833300030 DE3300030A1 (en) 1983-01-03 1983-01-03 INJECTION PUMP FOR DIESEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0114205A1 EP0114205A1 (en) 1984-08-01
EP0114205B1 true EP0114205B1 (en) 1987-03-25

Family

ID=6187667

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83110744A Expired EP0114205B1 (en) 1983-01-03 1983-10-27 Injection pump for diesel engines

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0114205B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE26155T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3300030A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3535808A1 (en) * 1985-10-08 1987-04-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE3620803A1 (en) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-23 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Injection pump for diesel internal combustion engines
DE10046564B4 (en) * 2000-09-19 2005-07-21 L'orange Gmbh Injection pump for internal combustion engines
US8528458B2 (en) 2011-07-27 2013-09-10 Bernard T. Windauer Pressure-regulating gas block

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB334437A (en) * 1928-12-10 1930-09-04 Robert Bosch Aktiengesellschaft
CH143812A (en) * 1928-12-10 1930-11-30 Bosch Robert Ag Fuel injection pump.
FR886831A (en) * 1941-11-18 1943-10-26
DE2150973A1 (en) * 1971-10-13 1973-04-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR COMBUSTION MACHINES
BE788979A (en) * 1971-09-18 1973-01-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
GB1594472A (en) * 1977-04-30 1981-07-30 Lucas Industries Ltd Fuel injection pumps

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE26155T1 (en) 1987-04-15
EP0114205A1 (en) 1984-08-01
DE3370513D1 (en) 1987-04-30
DE3300030A1 (en) 1984-07-05

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