EP0111886A2 - Safety ski binding - Google Patents

Abstract

This release ski binding has a sole plate (1) which can be pivoted in its central region about an approximately vertical vertical axis (3) and which can be folded up about a transverse axis (4) arranged in front of the vertical axis and which is held in the driving position by a resilient holding device (13 - 13 <V>) which, when triggered, causes the cheeks (6) holding the ski boot to open. In order to bring about a simple structural design of the binding, the holding device (13 '- 13 <V>) has an angle lever (13'a - 13 <V> a) which is pivotably mounted on a transverse axis (34) and secured in an end position and one arm (13'a - 13 <V> a) is supported on a roller (11b) which is mounted on a spring housing (11), the spring (12) of which is a locking member (8) for the jaws (6) tries to press into the clamping position.

Description

The invention relates to a release ski binding according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such release ski bindings are described in DE-PS 25 33 337. In these known ski bindings, the spring of the holding device acts via a piston on an approximately mushroom-shaped follower which is pivotally mounted on all sides in the housing of the holding device. This mushroom-shaped follower engages with its handle in a recess of a ski-proof fitting. In these known ski bindings, the ski boot is held at the tip by means of a rigid bracket on the soleplate. In the event of the skier falling backwards, the ski boot is therefore very difficult to release.

This disadvantage is avoided in the ski binding according to DE-PS 23 24 078, but this binding is very complicated in its construction, the trigger mechanism being accommodated in the space between the base plate and the sole plate. However, this requires special sealing measures against the ingress of snow and dirt. furthermore, the assembly is cumbersome and complex.

Another type of release ski binding is described in DE-OS 29 48 275. In this binding, the vertical axis and the transverse axis lie in a single plane, which is formed by a leaf spring which allows the sole plate to pivot about both axes. Furthermore, this binding has a U-shaped cage intended to accommodate a compression spring, the spring being supported on the one hand on an abutment attached to a crossbar and on the other hand on a displaceable abutment which has a roller on the rod-shaped off solver of a sensor system is present. The roller is guided by tenons in elongated holes in the cage. This construction is therefore very complicated in its structure.

The invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantages of the known designs and to create a release ski binding of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction and inexpensive to manufacture and which also opens to the rear when the skier falls.

Starting from a release ski binding according to the preamble of claim 1, this object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of this claim.

Further embodiments of the release ski binding according to the invention result from claims 2-13.

In the drawing, for example, embodiments of release ski bindings according to the invention are shown purely schematically. Fig. 1 is a partially sectioned side view of a release binding and Fig. 2 is an associated, partially sectioned plan. 3 and 4, a first embodiment of a holding device is shown in vertical longitudinal section or, when the soleplate is pivoted, in section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3. Fig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the holding device in vertical longitudinal section. Fig. 5a is a partially sectioned plan view of a detail of this holding device in the pivoted position of the soleplate. 6 and 7 is another embodiment in the vertical longitudinal section or in section with a pivoted sole plate the line VII - VII shown in Fig. 6. 8 and 9 show an additional embodiment in section along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 9 or in section along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8, but the sole plate is not deflected. Finally, a last embodiment is shown in FIGS. 10-12. 10 is a section along the line X - X in FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a section along the line XI - XI in FIG. 10, and FIG. 12 is a section along the line XII - XII in FIG. 10.

The release ski binding shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a sole plate 1 which is mounted on a ski 2 so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis 3 and about a horizontal axis 4 in a manner known per se, not shown in detail. The Pivot axes 3 and 4 are spaced apart. On the two side surfaces of the sole plate 1, two plates 5a and 5b are articulated, which are designed as two-armed levers and can be pivoted about essentially horizontal axes 5c. The upper arms carry jaws 6 which hold the ski boot, not shown. The lower arms, on the other hand, are connected by a knee joint mechanism 7, the knee joint 7 a of which is attached to a push rod 8. Opposite the end of the push rod 8 there is a stop 9 which prevents the two toggle levers of the toggle lever mechanism 7 from moving beyond their extended position.

At the other end of the push rod 8 there is a piston 10 which is displaceably guided in a spring housing 11 and is loaded by a compression spring 12. The spring housing 11 is slidably mounted in a shoulder 1a of the sole plate 1. The spring housing 11 has an extension 11a on the side opposite the push rod 8. In the approach 1a of the sole plate 1 there is a holding device 13, the actuating member 13a of which rests against the approach 11a of the spring housing 11 in the driving position. Below the actuating member 13a is a ski-fixed fitting 14, in which a follower 19 of the holding device 13 is mounted. For the sake of clarity, the mechanism for getting into the binding and for arbitrarily releasing the jaws 6 are not shown in the drawing.

The operation of this release ski binding is as follows: in the so-called elastic region of the ski binding, the sole plate 1 can pivot both about the vertical axis 3 and about the horizontal axis 4. The ski boot is through the heels 6 recorded. However, if the elastic range is exceeded in one direction or in two directions, the follower 19 experiences such a strong deflection that the actuating member 13a slides down from the shoulder 11a of the spring housing 11, resulting in a relaxation of the compression spring 12 and a displacement of the spring housing 11 the knee joint mechanism can be opened. The ski boot can now press the jaws 6 into the open position and then leave the ski binding.

In the holding device 13 'shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the actuating member is designed as an angle lever 13'a which is loaded by a leg spring 18 and can be pivoted about an axis 34, one arm of which rests on the shoulder 11a of the spring housing and by a stop 13 'b is held in this position. The approach 11a is provided with a roller 11b to reduce the friction. The other fork-shaped arm of the angle lever 13'a rests on a bolt 15 which passes through elongated holes 13'd in the holding device 13 'and a piston 17 acted upon by a compression spring 16, which is guided in a longitudinal bore 13'c of the holding device 13' . The tension of the compression spring 16 can be adjusted by an adjusting screw 22.

In the bore 13'c of the holding device 13 'a follower 19' with its head 19'a is also pivotally mounted, which is approximately mushroom-shaped and its stem 19'b, which has two spherical thickenings 19'c and 19'd , an outwardly diverging conical bore in the bottom of the bore 13'c formed as a blind bore in the holding device 13 '. A ski-fixed fitting 14 'has two guideways, namely a horizontal 20a and a vertical 20b, one of which 20a of the thickening 19'c, the other 20b is assigned to the thickening 19'd.

If the elastic range in the horizontal or vertical direction of the ski binding is exceeded during skiing, the follower 19 'pivots in the corresponding direction so much that the bolt 15 presses the angle lever 13'a away from the roller 11b of the shoulder 11a of the spring housing. This allows the spring in the spring case to relax and the jaws to open.

In the holding device 13 "according to FIG. 5, an angle lever 13" a, which is under the influence of a leg spring 18, is again provided as an actuating member, one arm of which rests against the shoulder 11a of the spring housing 11 and by a stop 13 "b in the form of a bolt in In contrast to the previous exemplary embodiment, "two springs 16 'and 16" are provided in the holding device 13, which are mounted coaxially in a spring housing 23 of a rocker 21 to be described and of which one spring 16' for triggering in the horizontal direction and the other spring 16 "for triggering in the vertical direction. The size of the preload of the two springs 16 'and 16 "can be influenced by pivoting the rocker 21. For this purpose, an adjusting screw 22' is screwed into the holding device 13", which is supported on a shoulder of the rocker 21.

The inner spring 16 'is accommodated in a telescopic, closed central part 23b of the spring housing 23. In part 23b, a piston 23a is provided with a receiving bore for the spring 16 'and carries a roller 23d. The middle part 23b of the spring housing 23 has a ring shaped flange 23e, which is used to abut the outer spring 16 "and which slides in a bore in the outer part 23c of the spring housing 23. In addition, two arcuate curve pieces 24 are attached to the flange 23e.

A transverse axis 25 is fastened on the upper side of the holding device 13 ″ opposite the adjusting screw 22 ′, on which a central one-armed lever 26 and two lateral levers 27 are mounted and 28b slidably supported, of which the centrally located piston 28a carries a horizontally extending control bar 28a1. and the outer piston 28b carries two control projections 28b1, 28b2, the center lines of which lie in a vertical plane which passes through the axis of the pistons. The ends of the control projections 28b1., 28b2 and the control strip 28a1 lie in the normal position of the holding device 13 "in a plane normal to the bore axis of the shoulder 1a of the soleplate, which is not visible here. Both pistons 28a and 28b are supported by the springs 16 'and 16" acted on the lever 26 and 27.

At the end of the longitudinal bore of the projection 1a there is an approximately mushroom-shaped follower 19 ", the head 19" a of which supports the control bar 28a1 and the control projections 28b1, 28b2 and the stem 19'b has a spherical end 19 "d. This end 19 "d is mounted in a bore of the ski-fixed fitting 14". The arm of the angle lever 13 "a, which is removed from the shoulder 11a, is again fork-shaped (see FIG. 5a), with each prong 13" a1, 13 "a2 of both the fork the back of the control bar 28a1 of the inner piston 28a as well which creates on / edge of a window of the outer piston 28b.

If the sole plate is pivoted in the vertical and / or horizontal plane, the follower 19 "is also pivoted, which triggers an axial movement of one or both pistons 28a, 28b which are spring-loaded via the levers 26 and 27.

If the set vertical and / or horizontal release torque of the sole plate is exceeded, the angle lever 13 "a is pivoted so much that it stands out against the action of the leg spring 18 from the stop 13" b. This causes the angle lever 13 "a to leave the roller 11b on the shoulder 11a of the spring housing. However, this has the consequence that the ski boot can be released from the binding in the manner already described.

The effect of the two springs 16 'and 16 "is coupled to one another insofar as the central part 23b of the spring housing 23 is inevitably pushed back when the inner spring 16' is compressed and the inner spring 16 'when the outer spring 16" is compressed. something is relaxed. In the case of a combined fall in which both springs 16 'and 16 "are pressed together, each of the two triggering moments is therefore smaller than the sum of the individually occurring moments.

The holding device 13 "'according to FIGS. 6 and 7 is relatively simple in that the ski-fixed fitting 14"' has a conical bore 30, the circumference of which is an ellipse, the large axis of which runs parallel to the top of the ski. This bore 30 serves to receive a ball 31 which is mounted in a piston 17. The piston 17 is under the influence of a compression spring 16, the bias of which can be adjusted by means of an adjusting screw 22. A transverse pin 15 is fastened in the piston 17, which extends through elongated holes 13 "'d in the holding device 13"' and which is used to rest the fork-shaped end of an angle lever 13 "'a, which under the influence of a leg spring 18 on a stop 13"' b rests and the other arm of which is supported on the roller 11b on the shoulder 11a of the spring housing.

Characterized in that the conical bore 30 has the circumference of an ellipse, the ratio of the torques at which opening of the binding occurs in the event of a frontal fall and / or a rotary fall occurs with a single spring 16 by appropriate selection of the opening angle in vertical section and of Opening angle in horizontal section by the ski-fixed fitting 14 "'. The actual magnitude of the torques is adjusted by changing the preload of the spring 16 by means of the adjusting screw 22 according to the skill level and the physique of the skier.

The mode of operation of this ski binding is as follows: If the load acting on the ski binding lies in the so-called elastic region of the ski binding, the angle lever 13 "'a is only pivoted to such an extent that it does not slide off the roller 11b. However, if the ski binding is triggered involuntarily initiated, the angle lever 13 "'a slides off the roller 11b, which results in a displacement of the spring housing and thus an opening of the jaws holding the ski shoe. The ski binding is opened arbitrarily by a lever (not shown) which, when it is pivoted, presses the angle lever 13 "'a against the force of the leg spring 18 from the roller 11b.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 8 and 9, two systems are provided horizontally next to one another in a holding device 13 ^IV for the vertical and horizontal triggering of the ski binding. For this purpose, the ski-fixed fitting 14 ^{IV has} a horizontal, cross-sectionally V-shaped groove 37 and an identical vertical groove 38 next to one another at a horizontal distance. Balls 39 are mounted in these grooves 37, 38 and are pressed into the grooves 37 and 38 of the fitting 14 ^IV by pistons 17a, 17b, the end faces of which are also provided with V-shaped grooves. The two pistons 17a and 17b are under the influence of compression springs 16a, 16b, the pretension of which can be adjusted by means of adjusting screws 22a and 22b.

Each piston 17a or 17b has a cross-sectionally rectangular, transversely extending, continuous recess 46, which is intended for receiving a joint plate 47 with ample play. The articulated plate 47 is fastened in a piston 17a by a bolt 48. In the other piston 17b, a bolt 49 passes through an elongated hole 47a in the articulated link 47. In this way, each of the two pistons 17a and 17b can move in its longitudinal direction independently of the other piston. Between the two pistons 17a and 17b there is an angle lever 13 ^IV a, which bears against a stop 13 ^IV b in the rest position under the influence of a leg spring 18. This angle lever 13 ^IV a rests with one arm during the triggering process on the joint plate 47, while the other arm slides against the force of the leg spring from the roller 11b, which is rotatably mounted in the neck 11a of the spring housing. In the event of a combined fall, both pistons 17a, 17b are displaced, so that a small amount is released to release the binding longer travel of the two pistons is required than when a single piston is displaced in the event of a lintel or a frontal fall.

The holding device 13V according to FIGS. 10-12 also has two separate systems for the horizontal and vertical release of the ski binding, which are arranged next to one another in a horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the ski-fixed fitting 14v has two guide grooves 50, 51 with a rectangular cross section, one of which 50 runs vertically, the other 51 horizontally. The cranks 52 and 53 provided with rollers 52a, 53a are guided in the two guide grooves 50 and 51. These are attached to prism pieces 54, 55, which have an approximately trapezoidal cross-section, engage in corresponding grooves in pistons 17a and 17b and are each pivotable about an axis 58, 59. The axles 58, 59 protrude into the shoulder 1a of the soleplate, washers 54a, 55a being arranged on the axles between the prism pieces 54, 55 and the shoulder 1a. Both pistons 17a, 17b are under the influence of compression springs 16a, 16b, the pretension of which can be adjusted by means of a single adjusting screw 22 ". For this purpose, the ends of the two compression springs 16a, 16b are mounted in a transverse part 61 provided with a central groove, the back of which rests against a shoulder of the set screw 22 ".

Of course, here too the two pistons 17a, 17b are provided with a transverse recess with a rectangular cross section, in which a joint plate 47 is accommodated with play, which is held in place by bolts 47 and 49 in the individual pistons 17a, 17b. The bolt 49 penetrates an elongated hole 47a in the joint lug 47. At the hinge bracket 47 is an angle lever 13 ^V a, which bears under the influence of a leg spring 18 in the rest position against a stop 13 ^V b. The end face of one arm of the angle lever 13 ^V a is supported on the roller 11b of an extension 11a of the spring housing.

If the sole plate is pivoted upwards and / or to the side beyond the predetermined extent, ie the elastic range, then the prism pieces 54, 55 or one of them rotate, their rear side rotating over the washer 54a or 55a on the sole plate supports. As a result, however, the pistons 17a, 17b are pushed away from the ski boot, which results in pivoting of the angle lever 13 ^V a, which initiates the release of the ski boot in the manner already described. In this exemplary embodiment, too, the distance that the two pistons 17a, 17b travel in the event of a combined camber when triggered is smaller than when a single piston is displaced in the event of a rotary camber or a frontal camber.

Of course, the invention is not tied to the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing and described above. Rather, various modifications thereof are possible without leaving the scope of the invention. For example, instead of helical compression springs, plate spring assemblies can be used in the holding devices. Furthermore, instead of the roller on the shoulder of the spring housing, the shoulder could also be rounded off with a sliding coating.

Claims (13)

1. Release ski binding with a pivotable in its central region around an approximately vertical vertical axis (3) and a sole plate (1) which can be folded up and viewed from the ski tip in front of the vertical axis (4) and which in the driving position is supported by a resilient Holding device (13 - 13 ^V ) is held on the ski (2), the latter depending on the pivoting movement of the soleplate (1) relative to the ski (2) when a predetermined pivoting angle is reached - opening both upwards and to the side of a holding mechanism, characterized in that in the holding device (13 '- 13 ^V ) an angle lever (13'a - 13 ^V a) is pivotably mounted on a transverse axis (34) and secured in an end position, one arm of which is connected to it Front side is supported on a roller (11b) which is rotatably mounted on a spring housing (11), for example on an extension (11a) of the same, the spring arranged in the spring housing holding the on the soleplate arranged locking member (8) for the ski shoe holding jaws (6) tries to press into the clamping position. 2. Ski binding according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle lever (13'a- 13 ^V a) in the driving position under the influence of a leg spring (18) on a stop (13'b - 13 ^V b) of the holding device (13 ' - 13 ^V ) is present. 3. Ski binding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the one arm of the angle lever (13'a - 13 "'a) is fork-shaped. 4. Ski binding according to claim 1 or 2, in which the spring of the holding device acts via a piston on an approximately mushroom-shaped follower which is pivotally mounted on all sides in the housing of the holding device, characterized in that the stem (19'b) of the follower member (19th ') has two spherical thickenings (19'c, 19'd) at an axial distance, one of which (19'c) in a horizontal (20a) and the other (19'd) in a vertical groove (20b) one ski-fixed fitting (14 ') is guided, and that the angle lever (13'a) abuts a cross bolt (15) of the piston (17) (Fig. 3 and 4). 5. Ski binding according to one of claims 1-3, wherein the spring of the holding device acts via at least one piston on an approximately mushroom-shaped follower which is pivotally mounted on all sides in the housing of the holding device, characterized in that the stem (19 "b) of the Follower (19 ") has a spherical end (19" d) which is guided in a bore of a ski-fixed fitting (14 "), and that on the back of the follower (19") two pistons (28a , 28b), of which one piston (28a) is loaded by a compression spring (16 ') for triggering in the horizontal direction and the other piston (28b) by a compression spring (16 ") for triggering in the vertical direction (Fig. 5). 6. Ski binding according to claim 5, characterized in that the two springs (16 ', 16 ") in a about a transverse axis (35) in the holding device (13") pivotally mounted rocker (21) are housed, the angular position by an adjusting screw (22 ') is changeable. 7. Ski binding according to claim 5, characterized in that between the springs (16 ', 16 ") and Pistons (28a, 28b) levers (26, 27) are pivotally mounted in the holding device (13 "), which bear against the rear of the coaxially arranged pistons. 8. Ski binding according to one of claims 5-7, characterized in that the inner piston (28 _a ) carries on its end face a horizontal control bar (28a ₁ ), whereas the outer piston (28b) has two control projections (28b ₁ and 28b ₂ ) has, whose center lines lie in a vertical plane which passes through the axes of the two pistons, the ends of the control projections and the control strip in the normal position of the holding device (13 ") lying in a plane normal to the bore axis. 9. Ski binding according to one of claims 5-8, characterized in that each fork prong (13 "a ₁ , 13" a ₂ ) abuts on both pistons (28a, 28b) simultaneously (Fig. 5a). 10. Ski binding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a ski-fixed fitting (14 "') has a conical, delimited by an ellipse bore (30) whose opening angle - seen in the vertical longitudinal section - is smaller than in the horizontal longitudinal section that On the side facing the ski boot of the piston (17) loaded by the spring (16), a ball (31) is mounted in a ball socket, which ball engages in the conical bore (30), and that on a transverse bolt (15) of the piston (17) the angle lever (13 "'a) rests (Fig. 6 and 7). 11. Ski binding according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that for the horizontal and the vertical release two separate spring systems (16a, 16b) are arranged side by side in the holding device (13 ^IV or 13 ^V ), the pistons (17a, 17b) connected to each other by an articulated bracket (47) are on which the angle lever (13 ^IV a or 13 ^V a) engages (Fig. 8 - 12). 12. Ski binding according to claim 11, characterized in that a ski-fixed fitting (14 ^IV ) has a horizontal and a vertical V-shaped groove (37 and 38), which grooves are formed next to each other at a horizontal distance and in which balls (39) are mounted, the other sides in sym - metrically arranged V-shaped grooves on the end face of the two spring-loaded piston (17a, ¹⁷ b) are supported (Fig. 8 and 9). 13. Ski binding according to claim 11, characterized in that a ski-fixed fitting (14 ^V ) has a horizontal and a vertical, cross-sectionally rectangular groove (50 or 51), and that in these grooves two cross-section trapezoidal prism pieces (54, 55) attached cranks (52, 53) are guided, the prism pieces (54, 55) engaging in the rest position in trapezoidal grooves on the end face of the two pistons (17a, 17b) and rotatably supported on axes (58, 59) of the pistons are (Fig. 10-12).

Images