Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
  • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
  • B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
  • B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
  • B01D46/58—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
  • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
  • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D2275/20—Shape of filtering material
  • B01D2275/201—Conical shape

Definitions

• the invention relates to dust separators and more particularly to a cyclone separator with filter unit for separating dust from gas, the filter unit being located in the central tube of the cyclone separator with an annular gap provided between the filter unit and the central tube.
• Cyclone separators are frequently used for separating impurities from a gas (air).
• the cyclone separator includes a cylindrical housing with a tangential gas inlet and a bottom cone arranged at the lower end, which connects with a dust outlet. Inside the housing a central tube is provided which connects with a gas outlet and is located in the central section of the cyclone separator.
• the tangential gas inlet of the cyclone separator produces a rotational movement of the incoming gas and forces the dust particles towards the cylindrical surface of the cyclone separator.
• the rotating particles are actuated by the centrifugal force, the gravity and the movement of the gas towards the gas outlet (the central tube).
• the separated dust rotates downwards towards the lower portion of the cyclone separator, the bottom cone and the dust outlet, while the purified gas passes through the central tube (the outlet). Since it is not possible to reduce unlimitedly the rotational movement and the gas velocity towards the outlet, the separating effect of a cyclone separator is always limited due to physical conditions.
• the rotational movement in the central tube can be slightly limited by means of vanes or wings in the central tube, and as a consequence thereof the separating efficiency of the cyclone separator will be increased.
• the cyclone separator is combined with a filter unit for cleaning the gas from such particles as are not separated in the cyclone separator by the rotational movement.
• the cyclone separator according to the invention has obtained the characteristics according to claim 1.
• the filter material of the filter unit is utilized for reducing the rotational movement and the air velocity in the central tube.
• the efficiency and the separating effect preferably as far as small dust particles in the cyclone separator are concerned, will be considerably increased, the filter will be loaded by a smaller proportion of dust, and the flow losses will be reduced.
• a large filter area is obtained by the folded filter construction, which reduces pressure drop losses over the filter unit.
• the wrinkled passage between the central tube and the filter functions as a stabilizer for the gas.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic vertical cross section al view of the cyclone separator
• FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view along line A-A in FIG. 1
• FIG. 3 is a side view of the filter unit
• FIG. 4 is a side view of the central tube
• FIG. 5 is a comparing diagram illustrating the separating efficiency of cyclone separators of different types
• FIG. 6 is a vertical cross sectional view of the central tube in a modified embodiment there- of.
• the cyclone separator comprises a cylindrical housing 10 with a tangential inlet 11 for gas (air) with dust entrained therein. At the bottom the housing 10 connects with a bottom cone 12 and a dust outlet 13 which then connects with a dust magazine
• a central tube 15 is arranged inside the housing, said tube being suspended by means of a rubber diaphragm 16 attached to the housing.
• the central tube tapers towards the lower end thereof, the inlet end, and has a flaring 17 at said end.
• a filter 18 also tapering towards the lower, closed end thereof, is arranged inside the central tube coaxially therewith.
• the filter too is supported by the diaphragm and preferably is attached so as to be replaced. It can consist of a paper or textile material or of a metal netting, a ceramic material or a plastic material or also of different combinations of these materials according to the principles generally applied in the filter technique.
• the filter forms longitudinal folds and is braced on the inside thereof by means of a perforated tube 19 of a rigid material (cardboard, metal or plastic), which supports the filter at the inside folds. Also this tube is supported by the diaphragm and it can be constructed to form a unit with the filter. Between the filter and the central tube an annular gap 20 is provided. An opening 21 in a wall 22 closing the central tube at the upper end thereof, connects the interior of the tube 19 with an outlet 23 for gas which has been purified in the cyclone separator.
• the contaminated gas passes through the inlet 11 of the cyclone separator and rotates along the housing 10 of the cyclone separator. Due to the centrifugal force and the gravity impurities (dust particles) are forced downwards to the dust magazine 14 were they are separated. The purified gas, still rotating, raises towards the inlet of the central tube 15 were the gas is forced to pass over the folded surface of the filter 18 in the gap 20. The folded filter surface stabilizes the gas by retarding remaining rotational forces so that a laminar gas flow continues through the outlet 23 of the cyclone separator.
• the graph A relates to a cyclone separator having no filter unit
• the graph B relates to a cyclone separator having a cylindrical folded filter unit and indicates the separating efficiency of the cyclone separator proper (not the filter)
• the graph C in the same manner as the graph B indicates the separating efficiency of a cyclone separator having a folded filter unit which tapers towards the lower end thereof and is located in a central tube tapering downwards, as in the embodiment shown and described.
• the graphs are based on laboratory tests. Due to an increased separating efficiency of the cyclone separator the filter will be loaded to a considerably lower degree, which means that the flow losses will be reduced.
• the central tube 15 together with the filter 18 forms a compact unit which can be shaken in a simple manner for cleaning the filter surface thanks to the suspension by means of a rubber diaphragm 16.
• the dust particles which stick to the folded filter surface then fall down easily through the central tube and through the lower portion of the cyclone separator to the dust magazine.
• the filter unit can be more easily cleaned by shaking because the inclination of the filter facilitates the drainage of the dust.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Cyclones (AREA)
• Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=20346487

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (12)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1982
  • 1982-04-07 SE SE8202223A patent/SE434346C/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1983
  • 1983-04-07 EP EP83901253A patent/EP0105317A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 1983-04-07 WO PCT/SE1983/000130 patent/WO1983003556A1/en active IP Right Grant
  • 1983-12-07 FI FI834474A patent/FI76930C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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