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EP0087027B1 - Permanent-magnet railway brake - Google Patents

Permanent-magnet railway brake Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0087027B1
EP0087027B1 EP83101064A EP83101064A EP0087027B1 EP 0087027 B1 EP0087027 B1 EP 0087027B1 EP 83101064 A EP83101064 A EP 83101064A EP 83101064 A EP83101064 A EP 83101064A EP 0087027 B1 EP0087027 B1 EP 0087027B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnets
permanent
permanent magnet
rail brake
pole pieces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83101064A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0087027A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Mächler
Robert Leutwyler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Original Assignee
Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PL23978082A priority Critical patent/PL137475B1/en
Application filed by Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG filed Critical Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon Buhrle AG
Priority to AT83101064T priority patent/ATE19218T1/en
Publication of EP0087027A1 publication Critical patent/EP0087027A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0087027B1 publication Critical patent/EP0087027B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H7/00—Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track
    • B61H7/02—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes
    • B61H7/04—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes attached to railway vehicles
    • B61H7/06—Skids
    • B61H7/08—Skids electromagnetically operated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a permanent magnet rail brake, with a number of permanent magnets arranged one behind the other and with a number of ferromagnetic pole pieces arranged one behind the other.
  • magnets of alternating polarity in the braking direction are arranged, the pole body of which consists of at least two ferromagnetic pole pieces arranged one behind the other, between each of which an air gap is provided.
  • the pole pieces have a triangular cross section.
  • the magnets are arranged on their side surfaces and a wear body is arranged on their bottom surfaces.
  • This known rail brake has the disadvantage that a large number of magnets are required and the entire rail brake is therefore large and heavy. Another disadvantage is that the magnetic flux cannot be completely short-circuited due to the displacement of the magnets and the rail brake cannot therefore be completely switched off. In order to completely switch off any braking effect while driving, it is therefore necessary to lift the braking device sufficiently far from the rail.
  • the object is achieved to create a smaller and lighter rail brake by suitably arranging the magnetic fields.
  • the permanent magnet rail brake with which this object is achieved is characterized in that the poles of all permanent magnets are arranged in the same direction in the braking direction, that the number of pole pieces is twice as large as the number of permanent magnets, so that a permanent magnet is assigned to every second pole piece .
  • the permanent magnets are preferably connected to one another in an articulated manner and slidably arranged between the pole pieces and a yoke plate.
  • the permanent magnets are fastened in hinged frames.
  • the wear bodies are preferably mounted with limited displacement in a housing of the rail brake with the aid of screws.
  • the number and size of these magnets can advantageously be reduced by using suitable materials for the permanent magnets.
  • the arrangement according to the invention of the permanent magnets finally makes it possible to completely short-circuit the magnetic flux by moving the permanent magnets and to switch off the braking effect completely without the braking device having to be lifted far from the rail.
  • the permanent magnet rail brake 10 has a housing 11 which contains a number of transverse walls 18 and in which there are a number of permanent magnets 12.
  • a twice as large number of pole pieces 13 is arranged below the permanent magnets 12, i. H.
  • a permanent magnet 12 is assigned to every second pole piece 13.
  • Each pole piece 13 and one wear body 14 together form a pole piece 13, 14.
  • the wear bodies 14 are fastened to a limited extent in the housing 11 by means of screws 15 and nuts 16. The displaceability of the wear body 14 is ensured in that the wear body 14 has a bore 17, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the screw 15.
  • the transverse walls 18 of the housing 11 also protrude between the pole pieces 13, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • each permanent magnet 12 is surrounded by a magnetic grid plate or a frame 19.
  • These frames 19 are hinged together.
  • a projection 23 of one frame 19 projects into a recess 24 of the adjacent frame 19 and a rod 20 connects the two adjacent frames 19 to one another in a hinge-like manner.
  • 1 and 2 there is a yoke plate 21 above the permanent magnets 12.
  • the frames 19 with the permanent magnets 12 are arranged according to FIG. 2 in the direction of the double arrow A relative to the pole pieces 13 in the housing 11. When displaced, the frames 19 slide on two rails 22, which are only shown in FIG. 1.
  • the device for moving the frame 19 is not shown in the drawing.
  • a hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically actuated piston or eccentric is suitable for this device.
  • Compression springs can exert a force on the return plate 21, as a result of which the return plate 21 is pressed against the frame 19 and this is pressed against the pole piece 13 via the rails 22.
  • the pole piece 13 is supported on the screw 15 via the wear body 14.
  • the wear bodies 14 slide on the rail 25. Unevenness in the rail can thus be absorbed by the compression springs (not shown) mentioned, each individual wear body 14 being able to rise and lower independently of the adjacent wear body 14, insofar as this allows the play between screw 15 and bore 17 of the wear body 14.
  • the braking force can be changed by shifting the permanent magnets 12 relative to the pole pieces 13, i. H. be enlarged or reduced.
  • the braking force is greatest and if the permanent magnets 12 are located precisely above the transverse walls 18, the braking force disappears completely.
  • the permanent magnets 12 are fastened in a suitable manner in the frame 19; this makes it possible, on the one hand, to provide a play between the permanent magnet 12 and the return plate 21 and, on the other hand, a play between the permanent magnet 12 and the pole piece, so that the friction between the permanent magnet 12 when the permanent magnets 12 are displaced and yoke plate 21 on the one hand and between permanent magnet 12 and pole piece on the other hand is not too large.
  • this game should not be too big to keep losses in the magnetic flux as small as possible.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Dauermagnetschienenbremse, mit einer Anzahl hintereinander angeordneter Permanentmagnete und mit einer Anzahl hintereinander angeordneter ferromagnetischer Polschuhe.The invention relates to a permanent magnet rail brake, with a number of permanent magnets arranged one behind the other and with a number of ferromagnetic pole pieces arranged one behind the other.

Bei einer bekannten magnetischen Schienenbremse dieser Art (siehe deutsche Auslegeschrift Nr. 1123359) sind Magnete von in Bremsrichtung abwechselnder Polarität angeordnet, deren Polkörper aus mindestens zwei hintereinander angeordneten ferromagnetischen Polstücken besteht, zwischen denen je ein Luftspalt vorgesehen ist. Die Polstücke haben einen dreieckigen Querschnitt. An deren Seitenflächen sind die Magnete und an deren Bodenflächen ist je ein Verschleisskörper angeordnet.In a known magnetic rail brake of this type (see German specification No. 1123359) magnets of alternating polarity in the braking direction are arranged, the pole body of which consists of at least two ferromagnetic pole pieces arranged one behind the other, between each of which an air gap is provided. The pole pieces have a triangular cross section. The magnets are arranged on their side surfaces and a wear body is arranged on their bottom surfaces.

Diese bekannte Schienenbremse hat den Nachteil, dass sehr viele Magnete erforderlich sind und dadurch die ganze Schienenbremse gross und schwer wird. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, dass sich durch die Verschiebung der Magnete der Magnetfluss nicht vollständig kurzschliessen lässt und somit die Schienenbremse nicht vollständig ausgeschaltet werden kann. Um jede Bremswirkung während der Fahrt vollständig auszuschalten, ist es daher notwendig, die Bremseinrichtung genügend weit von der Schiene abzuheben.This known rail brake has the disadvantage that a large number of magnets are required and the entire rail brake is therefore large and heavy. Another disadvantage is that the magnetic flux cannot be completely short-circuited due to the displacement of the magnets and the rail brake cannot therefore be completely switched off. In order to completely switch off any braking effect while driving, it is therefore necessary to lift the braking device sufficiently far from the rail.

Diese Nachteile sollen mit der vorliegenden Erfindung vermieden werden. Mit der erfindungsgemässen Schienenbremse wird die Aufgabe gelöst, durch geeignete Anordnung der Magnetfelder eine kleinere und leichtere Schienenbremse zu schaffen.These disadvantages are to be avoided with the present invention. With the rail brake according to the invention, the object is achieved to create a smaller and lighter rail brake by suitably arranging the magnetic fields.

Die Dauermagnetschienenbremse, mit der diese Aufgabe gelöst wird, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Pole alle Permanentmagnete in Bremsrichtung gleich sinnig angeordnet sind, dass die Anzahl der Polschuhe doppelt so gross ist als die Anzahl der Permanentmagnete, so dass jedem zweiten Polstück ein Permanentmagnet zugeordnet ist.The permanent magnet rail brake with which this object is achieved is characterized in that the poles of all permanent magnets are arranged in the same direction in the braking direction, that the number of pole pieces is twice as large as the number of permanent magnets, so that a permanent magnet is assigned to every second pole piece .

Vorzugsweise sind die Permanentmagnete gelenkig miteinander verbunden und zwischen den Polstücken und einer Rückschlussplatte verschiebbar angeordnet. Bei einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Permanentmagnete in gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Rahmen befestigt. Vorzugsweise sind die Verschleisskörper mit Hilfe von Schrauben begrenzt verschiebbar in einem Gehäuse der Schienenbremse gelagert.The permanent magnets are preferably connected to one another in an articulated manner and slidably arranged between the pole pieces and a yoke plate. In a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnets are fastened in hinged frames. The wear bodies are preferably mounted with limited displacement in a housing of the rail brake with the aid of screws.

Mit Vorteil kann durch Verwendung geeigneter Werkstoffe für die Permanentmagnete die Zahl und Grösse dieser Magnete vermindert werden. Die erfingungsgemässe Anordnung der Permanent-Magnete ermöglicht es schliesslich, durch Verschiebung der Permanent-Magnete den Magnetfluss vollständig kurzzuschliessen und die Bremswirkung vollständig auszuschalten, ohne dass die Bremseinrichtung weit von der Schiene abgehoben werden muss.The number and size of these magnets can advantageously be reduced by using suitable materials for the permanent magnets. The arrangement according to the invention of the permanent magnets finally makes it possible to completely short-circuit the magnetic flux by moving the permanent magnets and to switch off the braking effect completely without the braking device having to be lifted far from the rail.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemässen Dauermagnetschienenbremse ist im folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben.An embodiment of the permanent magnet rail brake according to the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Es zeigt :

  • Figur 1 einen Querschnitt durch die erfindungsgemässe Dauermagnetschienenbremse
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach Linie 11-11 in Fig. 1
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt nach Linie 111-111 in Fig. 2
It shows :
  • 1 shows a cross section through the permanent magnet rail brake according to the invention
  • 2 shows a section along line 11-11 in Fig. 1st
  • 3 shows a section along line 111-111 in FIG. 2nd

Gemäss Fig. 1 und 2 weist die Dauermagnetschienenbremse 10 ein Gehäuse 11 auf, das eine Anzahl von Querwänden 18 enthält und in dem sich eine Reihe von Permanentmagneten 12 befinden. Unterhalb der Permanentmagnete 12 ist eine doppelt so grosse Anzahl von Polstücken 13 angeordnet, d. h. jedem zweiten Polstück 13 ist ein Permanentmagnet 12 zugeordnet. Unterhalb von jedem Polstück 13 befindet sich ein Verschleisskörper 14. Je ein Polstück 13 und ein Verschleisskörper 14 bilden zusammen einen Polschuh 13, 14. Die Verschleisskörper 14 sind mit Hilfe von Schrauben 15 und Muttern 16 begrenzt verschiebbar im Gehäuse 11 befestigt. Die Verschiebbarkeit des Verschleisskörpers 14 wird dadurch gewährleistet, dass der Verschleisskörper 14 eine Bohrung 17 aufweist, deren Durchmesser grösser ist als der Durchmesser der Schraube 15. Zwischen je zwei Verschleisskörpern 14 befindet sich eine der Querwände 18 des Gehäuses 11. Die Querwände 18 des Gehäuses 11 ragen auch zwischen die Polstücke 13, wie insbesondere aus Fig. 2 und 3 ersichtlich ist.1 and 2, the permanent magnet rail brake 10 has a housing 11 which contains a number of transverse walls 18 and in which there are a number of permanent magnets 12. A twice as large number of pole pieces 13 is arranged below the permanent magnets 12, i. H. a permanent magnet 12 is assigned to every second pole piece 13. Below each pole piece 13 there is a wear body 14. Each pole piece 13 and one wear body 14 together form a pole piece 13, 14. The wear bodies 14 are fastened to a limited extent in the housing 11 by means of screws 15 and nuts 16. The displaceability of the wear body 14 is ensured in that the wear body 14 has a bore 17, the diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the screw 15. Between each wear body 14 there is one of the transverse walls 18 of the housing 11. The transverse walls 18 of the housing 11 also protrude between the pole pieces 13, as can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3.

Gemäss Fig. 2 und 3 ist jedes Dauermagnet 12 von einer Magnet-Gitterplatte oder einem Rahmen 19 umgeben. Diese Rahmen 19 sind gelenkig miteinander verbunden. Gemäss Fig. 3 ragt ein Vorsprung 23 des einen Rahmens 19 in eine Aussparung 24 des benachbarten Rahmens 19 hinein und ein Stab 20 verbindet die beiden benachbarten Rahmen 19 scharnierartig miteinander. Gemäss Fig. 1 und 2 befindet sich über den Permanentmagneten 12 eine Rückschlussplatte 21. Die Rahmen 19 mit den Dauermagneten 12 sind gemäss Fig. 2 in Richtung des Doppelpfeiles A gegenüber den Polstücken 13 im Gehäuse 11 verschiebbar angeordnet. Bei einer Verschiebung gleiten die Rahmen 19 auf zwei Schienen 22, die nur in Fig. 1 dargestellt sind. Die Vorrichtung zum Verschieben der Rahmen 19 ist in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt. Für diese Vorrichtung eignet sich ein hydraulisch, pneumatisch oder elektrisch betätigbarer Kolben oder Exzenter.2 and 3, each permanent magnet 12 is surrounded by a magnetic grid plate or a frame 19. These frames 19 are hinged together. 3, a projection 23 of one frame 19 projects into a recess 24 of the adjacent frame 19 and a rod 20 connects the two adjacent frames 19 to one another in a hinge-like manner. 1 and 2 there is a yoke plate 21 above the permanent magnets 12. The frames 19 with the permanent magnets 12 are arranged according to FIG. 2 in the direction of the double arrow A relative to the pole pieces 13 in the housing 11. When displaced, the frames 19 slide on two rails 22, which are only shown in FIG. 1. The device for moving the frame 19 is not shown in the drawing. A hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically actuated piston or eccentric is suitable for this device.

Nicht dargestellte Druckfedern können auf die Rückschlussplatte 21 eine Kraft ausüben, wodurch die Rückschlussplatte 21 gegen den Rahmen 19 und dieser über die Schienen 22 gegen das Polstück 13 gedrückt wird. Das Polstück 13 stützt sich über den Verschleisskörper 14 auf die Schraube 15 ab. Beim Bremsen gleiten die Verschleisskörper 14 auf der Schiene 25. Unebenheiten der Schiene können somit durch die erwähnten nicht dargestellten Druckfedern aufgefangen werden, wobei sich jeder einzelne Verschleisskörper 14 unabhängig vom benachbarten Verschleisskörper 14 heben und senken kann, soweit dies das Spiel zwischen Schraube 15 und Bohrung 17 des Verschleisskörpers 14 zulässt.Compression springs, not shown, can exert a force on the return plate 21, as a result of which the return plate 21 is pressed against the frame 19 and this is pressed against the pole piece 13 via the rails 22. The pole piece 13 is supported on the screw 15 via the wear body 14. When braking, the wear bodies 14 slide on the rail 25. Unevenness in the rail can thus be absorbed by the compression springs (not shown) mentioned, each individual wear body 14 being able to rise and lower independently of the adjacent wear body 14, insofar as this allows the play between screw 15 and bore 17 of the wear body 14.

Durch die Verschiebung der Dauermagneten 12 gegenüber den Polstücken 13 kann die Bremskraft verändert, d. h. vergrössert oder verkleinert werden.The braking force can be changed by shifting the permanent magnets 12 relative to the pole pieces 13, i. H. be enlarged or reduced.

Wenn sich die Permanentmagnete 12 genau über den Polstücken 13 befinden, ist die Bremskraft am grössten und wenn sich die Permanent- magnete 12 genau über den Querwänden 18 befinden, verschwindet die Bremskraft vollständig.If the permanent magnets 12 are located exactly above the pole pieces 13, the braking force is greatest and if the permanent magnets 12 are located precisely above the transverse walls 18, the braking force disappears completely.

Die Dauermagnete 12 sind in geeigneter Weise in den Rahmen 19 befestigt, dies ermöglicht es einerseits, ein Spiel zwischen Dauermagnet 12 und Rückschlussplatte 21 und an dererseits ein Spiel zwischen Dauermagnet 12 und Polstück vorzusehen, damit bei der Verschiebung der Dauermagnete 12 die Reibung zwischen Dauermagnet 12 und Rückschlussplatte 21 einerseits und zwischen Dauermagnet 12 und Polstück andererseits nicht zu gross ist. Dieses Spiel soll jedoch nicht zu gross sein, um Verluste im Magnetfluss möglichst klein zu halten.The permanent magnets 12 are fastened in a suitable manner in the frame 19; this makes it possible, on the one hand, to provide a play between the permanent magnet 12 and the return plate 21 and, on the other hand, a play between the permanent magnet 12 and the pole piece, so that the friction between the permanent magnet 12 when the permanent magnets 12 are displaced and yoke plate 21 on the one hand and between permanent magnet 12 and pole piece on the other hand is not too large. However, this game should not be too big to keep losses in the magnetic flux as small as possible.

Claims (4)

1. Permanent magnet rail brake (10) having a number of permanent magnets (12) arranged one after the other and having a number of ferromagnetic pole pieces (13) and wear bodies (14) arranged one after the other, characterised in that the poles of all permanent magnets (12) are arranged in the same direction and that the number of pole pieces (13) is twice as great as the number of permanent magnets (12), so that a permanent magnet is allocated to every second pole piece (13), and that the pole pieces (13) are arranged plate-like between the wear bodies (14) and the permanent magnets (12).
2. Permanent magnet rail brake (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the permanent magnets (12) are connected to one another in articulated manner and are displaceably arranged between the pole pieces (13) and a back-circuit plate (21).
3. Permanent magnet rail brake (10) according to claim 2, characterised in that the permanent magnets (12) are fixed in frames (19) connected to one another in articulated manner.
4. Permanent magnet rail brake (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the wear bodies (14), by means of bolts (15), are displaceably mounted to a limited extent in a housing (11) of the rail brake (10).
EP83101064A 1982-02-24 1983-02-04 Permanent-magnet railway brake Expired EP0087027B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL23978082A PL137475B1 (en) 1982-02-24 1982-12-27 Track brake with permament magnets
AT83101064T ATE19218T1 (en) 1982-02-24 1983-02-04 PERMANENT MAGNETIC RAIL BRAKE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1126/82 1982-02-24
CH112682 1982-02-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0087027A1 EP0087027A1 (en) 1983-08-31
EP0087027B1 true EP0087027B1 (en) 1986-04-16

Family

ID=4203095

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83101064A Expired EP0087027B1 (en) 1982-02-24 1983-02-04 Permanent-magnet railway brake

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0087027B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3362998D1 (en)
NO (1) NO153291C (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012014888B4 (en) * 2011-07-28 2014-06-05 Knorr-Bremse Gmbh Device for applying at least one electrical coil of a rail brake of a rail vehicle with at least one electrical pulse
JP7006528B2 (en) * 2018-07-10 2022-01-24 日本製鉄株式会社 Eddy current type rail brake device

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1123359B (en) * 1959-07-23 1962-02-08 Max Baermann Magnetic rail brake

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB190919098A (en) * 1909-08-19 1909-12-23 Dick Kerr And Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to Electromagnetic Brakes.
BE429818A (en) * 1937-09-21
BE470306A (en) * 1946-08-10
DE971289C (en) * 1951-02-13 1959-01-08 Max Baermann Brake operated by the effect of a magnetic field
DE1000850B (en) * 1953-04-13 1957-01-17 Robert Hanning Electromagnetic rail brake
DE1021410B (en) * 1953-09-28 1957-12-27 Robert Hanning Electromagnetic rail brake
CH380189A (en) * 1960-04-20 1964-07-31 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Operating display device for rail brake magnets
DE2340470A1 (en) * 1973-08-10 1975-02-20 Knorr Bremse Gmbh Railway rolling stock rail brake magnet - with pole shoes separated by non-magnetic bar of rustless steel alloy
ES433630A1 (en) * 1974-01-31 1976-12-01 Mr Horst Knapp BRAKING SHOE FOR ONE BRAKING DEVICE.
DE2638133C2 (en) * 1976-08-25 1986-05-22 Baermann, Horst, 5064 Rösrath Infinitely variable, wear-free permanent magnetic eddy current and / or hysteresis brake, preferably for rail vehicles

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1123359B (en) * 1959-07-23 1962-02-08 Max Baermann Magnetic rail brake

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3362998D1 (en) 1986-05-22
NO153291C (en) 1986-02-19
EP0087027A1 (en) 1983-08-31
NO830060L (en) 1983-08-25
NO153291B (en) 1985-11-11

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