EP0081700A1 - Formage par emboutissage - Google Patents
Formage par emboutissage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0081700A1 EP0081700A1 EP82110719A EP82110719A EP0081700A1 EP 0081700 A1 EP0081700 A1 EP 0081700A1 EP 82110719 A EP82110719 A EP 82110719A EP 82110719 A EP82110719 A EP 82110719A EP 0081700 A1 EP0081700 A1 EP 0081700A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- temperature
- metal
- spin
- physical properties
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000003739 neck Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021652 non-ferrous alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/14—Spinning
Definitions
- This invention relates to spin forming of metals. More particularly it relates to the process by which pressure vessels are formed by spin forming ends and necks on tubes and to the means of carrying out the process.
- the principal object of this invention is to provide a process and apparatus which avoids the adverse effects of the heating which is incidental to the spin forming of the ends and necks on tubes intended to be used for seamless metal tanks, gas bottles, pressure vessels and the like.
- Another object of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing such vessels from tubular stock, rapidly and with uniform properties.
- the present invention resides in controlling the temperature of a heat sensitive metal such as aluminum alloy 6061 during spin forming so that the physical properties of the unworked portions of the metal are unaffected by the temperature changes which occur during spin forming and so that the worked portions of the metal have desired dimensions and physical properties.
- a conventional torch is used to preheat the work and then as the work is further heated it is simultaneously cooled by a cool gas or a liquid cryogen such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, argon, or any other gas which can provide the desired cooling action without adversely affecting the surface properties of the part being spun.
- a cool gas or a liquid cryogen such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium, argon, or any other gas which can provide the desired cooling action without adversely affecting the surface properties of the part being spun.
- Figure 1 shows a fragment of a tube or pipe 10 mounted in a hollow chuck 12 for rotation about its axis 14.
- Chuck 12 is provided with conventional clamping means (not shown) to grip the tube or pipe 10.
- the extent to which the tube or pipe is inserted into the chuck depends on the length of the tube or pipe, the speed at which it is to be rotated, whether it is given additional support, and other factors which may be readily ascertained by anyone practicing this process as evidenced by the patents noted above.
- the free end of the pipe 18 actually extends a considerable distance from chuck 12.
- Figure 2 shows the apparatus during the preheating step.
- a forming tool in this instance a rotating wheel 16 is shown adjacent the end 18 of pipe 10.
- Means 20 are provided for supporting wheel 16 so that it may be advanced along the axis 14 of pipe 10 and toward and away from axis 14, such means being known in the art and forming no part of the present invention.
- Preheating of the end 18 of pipe 10 is by means of one or more torches 21 directed toward the end of the pipe and disposed between the end of the pipe and chuck 12.
- the amount of preheating is monitored by an optical pyrometer 22 directed toward the portion of the pipe which is being preheated.
- Pyrometer 22 detects the temperature of the pipe and signals the result to a temperature gauge 24, which is connected to a control means 30, whereby the fuel fed to one or more torches 21 from a supply 36 by a valve 34 is controlled by controller 30 so as to produce a desired temperature in the work, for example an aluminum alloy tube 10 might be preheated to a temperature of about 350°F and from 350°F to a temperature of 650° - 750°F within an interval of 1 to 2 minutes after being placed in the chuck.
- a means for applying coolant to the pipe or tube 10 including a coolant discharge tube 38 connected to a coolant supply 46 which is controlled by a valve 42 which is actuated by a controller 32.
- An optical pyrometer 22' actuates controller 32.
- Temperature gauge 26 is provided to permit the operator to visually check on the temperatures of the workpiece adjacent to chuck 12.
- a further quenching means is shown in Figure 2, namely pipe 40 connected to coolant supply 46 through a valve 44. Valve 44 is controlled by optical pyrometer 22 and controller 30. At the stage of the process shown in Figure 2 coolant is being discharged by pipe 38 but not by pipe 40.
- Figure 3 shows the first phase of dome formation in which the end of the pipe, now at a temperature of 650° - 750°C is nosed in while rotating, by moving the spinning wheel 16 into contact with the preheated end 18 of pipe 10. This step takes about 15 seconds.
- Figure 4 shows the next phase of dome formation in which the end of tube 10 is almost closed. This step takes about 30 seconds, and is effected while the pipe temperature is maintained between 650°F and 750°F.
- Figures 5 and 6 schematically show the formation of the neck on the pipe, by suitable movement of the spin forming wheel 16 while maintaining coolant through pipe 38 and heating through torch 21, so that the tube at the chuck mouth is maintained at a temperature below about 350°F and the portion of the tube being formed into a neck is maintained at about 650°F - 750°F; the operation in Figure 5 taking about 30 seconds while that in Figure 6 talking about 15 seconds.
- FIG. 7 illustrates the rapid quenching step which follows completion of the neck formation. Torch 21 has been extinguished and coolant is now applied by both pipe 40 and pipe 38. Spin forming wheel 16 has been withdrawn from the work. Rapid quenching reduces the temperature of the work to about 350°F in from about 60-90 seconds.
- tube 10 is an aluminum tube originally supplied as an extrusion with a temper of T-6 and consisting of alloy 6061 which has a nominal analysis of 0.8/1.2 Mg, 0.4/0.8 Si, 0.15/0.35 Cr, 0.15/0.40 Cu, and the balance aluminum. Obviously for other grades of aluminum alloy and for other nonferrous or ferrous alloys such as stainless steels other parameters of temperature will apply.
- Figure 2 illustrates a preferred cooling system for insuring that the work does not lose its temper, or deteriorate physically as a result of the heating by torch and the heating due to the working incidental to the shaping of the dome on the tube.
- a coolant introduced through the chuck into the interior of the pipe 10. This would appear to be especially desirable in spin forming thicker tubes and to supplement the quenching step so that quenching can be accomplished in a minimum of time.
- the physical properties existing in the tube prior to spin forming are not adversely affected by the temperature changes which the tube experiences during spin forming and consequently the end product can be used in the construction of light weight gas cylinders for storing cryogenic gases at high pressures and low temperatures where such properties are essential.
- the cooling depends on the temperatures reached at various stages of the spin forming, and may be either continuous or intermittent. Because of the use of cryogenic coolants such as liquid C0 2 the cooling is sufficiently rapid to produce a uniform crystalline profile across the dome wall, which is not possible with relatively thick walled workpieces employing air cooling or water cooling.
- gas fired torch 21 heats a region 12-15" in width adjacent the end of tube 10 and pipe 38 applies coolant to the portion of th6 pipe extending up to about 18 inches from the chuck 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US32315781A | 1981-11-20 | 1981-11-20 | |
| US323157 | 1995-09-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0081700A1 true EP0081700A1 (fr) | 1983-06-22 |
Family
ID=23257951
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82110719A Withdrawn EP0081700A1 (fr) | 1981-11-20 | 1982-11-19 | Formage par emboutissage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0081700A1 (fr) |
Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4676088A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-06-30 | Hitachi, Ltd. | T-joint manufacturing apparatus |
| FR2670409A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-19 | Aerospatiale | Procede de fabrication par fluotournage a chaud d'une piece en un materiau non malleable a temperature ambiante et outillage correspondant. |
| EP0509700A1 (fr) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-10-21 | Compression Technologies, Inc. | Fabrication de récipients sous pression |
| EP0530383A1 (fr) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-03-10 | ZEPPELIN-Metallwerke GmbH | Procédé et dispositif de façonnage des pièces de travail |
| US5235837A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1993-08-17 | Compression Technologies, Inc. | Fabrication of pressure vessels |
| US5598729A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1997-02-04 | Tandem Systems, Inc. | System and method for constructing wall of a tube |
| US6212926B1 (en) | 1999-04-21 | 2001-04-10 | Tandem Systems, Inc. | Method for spin forming a tube |
| FR2806335A1 (fr) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-21 | Air Liquide | Installation de prechauffage de pieces avant fluotournage, notamment de pieces tubulaires |
| US6729170B1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-05-04 | Samtech Corporation | Method for fabricating fuser roller |
| US7316142B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2008-01-08 | Lancaster Paul B | Metal spin forming head |
| CN101972808A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-02-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 热旋压机独立数控跟随火焰加热装置 |
| CN102000746A (zh) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-06 | 国营江北机械厂 | 无缝气瓶正向旋轮热旋压收口方法 |
| CN102601198A (zh) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 苏州先端稀有金属有限公司 | 一种对钼板旋压成型的装置 |
| WO2013134795A1 (fr) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Gabrielyan Mekhak | Appareil de fabrication de cylindres |
| EP2893989A1 (fr) | 2012-09-03 | 2015-07-15 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé de repoussage et dispositif de repoussage |
| WO2016002164A1 (fr) | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-07 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Dispositif de repoussage par rotation |
| WO2016067537A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-06 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Procédé de moulage par centrifugation |
| WO2017158635A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-21 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Procédé d'agrandissement de diamètre de tube et appareil de moulage |
| CN112157159A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-01 | 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 | 一种气瓶旋压工艺方法 |
| CN115318924A (zh) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-11-11 | 四川大学 | 一种钛合金无缝气瓶旋压设备及其旋压成型方法 |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2406059A (en) * | 1943-06-10 | 1946-08-20 | Linde Air Prod Co | Process of spinning hollow articles |
| US2408596A (en) * | 1944-03-13 | 1946-10-01 | Nat Tube Co | Method of forming cylinder ends |
| US3496747A (en) * | 1967-09-21 | 1970-02-24 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Numerically controlled spinning machine |
| DE2435463A1 (de) * | 1973-07-25 | 1975-02-06 | Gerzat Metallurg | Hochdruckgefaess und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
-
1982
- 1982-11-19 EP EP82110719A patent/EP0081700A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2406059A (en) * | 1943-06-10 | 1946-08-20 | Linde Air Prod Co | Process of spinning hollow articles |
| US2408596A (en) * | 1944-03-13 | 1946-10-01 | Nat Tube Co | Method of forming cylinder ends |
| US3496747A (en) * | 1967-09-21 | 1970-02-24 | Nordberg Manufacturing Co | Numerically controlled spinning machine |
| DE2435463A1 (de) * | 1973-07-25 | 1975-02-06 | Gerzat Metallurg | Hochdruckgefaess und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
Cited By (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4676088A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1987-06-30 | Hitachi, Ltd. | T-joint manufacturing apparatus |
| FR2670409A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-12 | 1992-06-19 | Aerospatiale | Procede de fabrication par fluotournage a chaud d'une piece en un materiau non malleable a temperature ambiante et outillage correspondant. |
| EP0509700A1 (fr) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-10-21 | Compression Technologies, Inc. | Fabrication de récipients sous pression |
| GB2256824A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-12-23 | Compression Tech | Fabrication of pressure vessels |
| US5235837A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1993-08-17 | Compression Technologies, Inc. | Fabrication of pressure vessels |
| EP0530383A1 (fr) * | 1991-08-02 | 1993-03-10 | ZEPPELIN-Metallwerke GmbH | Procédé et dispositif de façonnage des pièces de travail |
| US5598729A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1997-02-04 | Tandem Systems, Inc. | System and method for constructing wall of a tube |
| US5845527A (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1998-12-08 | Tandem Systems, Inc. | System and method for constricting wall of a tube |
| US6212926B1 (en) | 1999-04-21 | 2001-04-10 | Tandem Systems, Inc. | Method for spin forming a tube |
| FR2806335A1 (fr) * | 2000-03-14 | 2001-09-21 | Air Liquide | Installation de prechauffage de pieces avant fluotournage, notamment de pieces tubulaires |
| US6729170B1 (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2004-05-04 | Samtech Corporation | Method for fabricating fuser roller |
| US7316142B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2008-01-08 | Lancaster Paul B | Metal spin forming head |
| CN102000746B (zh) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-11-07 | 国营江北机械厂 | 无缝气瓶正向旋轮热旋压收口方法 |
| CN102000746A (zh) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-06 | 国营江北机械厂 | 无缝气瓶正向旋轮热旋压收口方法 |
| CN101972808B (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2012-02-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 热旋压机独立数控跟随火焰加热装置 |
| CN101972808A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-02-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 热旋压机独立数控跟随火焰加热装置 |
| WO2013134795A1 (fr) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Gabrielyan Mekhak | Appareil de fabrication de cylindres |
| CN102601198A (zh) * | 2012-03-26 | 2012-07-25 | 苏州先端稀有金属有限公司 | 一种对钼板旋压成型的装置 |
| EP2893989A1 (fr) | 2012-09-03 | 2015-07-15 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé de repoussage et dispositif de repoussage |
| US10549468B2 (en) | 2012-09-03 | 2020-02-04 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Spinning forming method and spinning forming apparatus |
| EP2893989B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-03 | 2020-08-19 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé de repoussage et dispositif de repoussage |
| WO2016002164A1 (fr) | 2014-07-02 | 2016-01-07 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Dispositif de repoussage par rotation |
| EP3165299A1 (fr) | 2014-07-02 | 2017-05-10 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif de repoussage par rotation |
| EP3165299A4 (fr) * | 2014-07-02 | 2018-03-07 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Dispositif de repoussage par rotation |
| US10259030B2 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2019-04-16 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Spinning forming device |
| JP2016083692A (ja) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-19 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | スピニング成形方法 |
| WO2016067537A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-06 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Procédé de moulage par centrifugation |
| WO2017158635A1 (fr) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-21 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Procédé d'agrandissement de diamètre de tube et appareil de moulage |
| EP3431205A4 (fr) * | 2016-03-14 | 2019-08-14 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé d'agrandissement de diamètre de tube et appareil de moulage |
| CN108698110B (zh) * | 2016-03-14 | 2019-10-08 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | 管的扩径方法及成形装置 |
| JPWO2017158635A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-14 | 2019-02-14 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 管の拡径方法および成形装置 |
| CN108698110A (zh) * | 2016-03-14 | 2018-10-23 | 川崎重工业株式会社 | 管的扩径方法及成形装置 |
| CN112157159A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-01 | 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 | 一种气瓶旋压工艺方法 |
| CN112157159B (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2022-07-12 | 新兴能源装备股份有限公司 | 一种气瓶旋压工艺方法 |
| CN115318924A (zh) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-11-11 | 四川大学 | 一种钛合金无缝气瓶旋压设备及其旋压成型方法 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB IT LI |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19840223 |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BIVANS, DAVID ALAN |