[go: up one dir, main page]

EP0070269A2 - Verfahren zur Behandlung von Ölen und Fetten und auf diese Weise erhaltene Produkte - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Behandlung von Ölen und Fetten und auf diese Weise erhaltene Produkte Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0070269A2
EP0070269A2 EP82870032A EP82870032A EP0070269A2 EP 0070269 A2 EP0070269 A2 EP 0070269A2 EP 82870032 A EP82870032 A EP 82870032A EP 82870032 A EP82870032 A EP 82870032A EP 0070269 A2 EP0070269 A2 EP 0070269A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
enzyme
fat
oils
carried out
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82870032A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0070269A3 (de
Inventor
Alain Tirtiaux
Yngve Hoffmann
Chee Hong Tan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fractionnement Tirtiaux SA
Original Assignee
Fractionnement Tirtiaux SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fractionnement Tirtiaux SA filed Critical Fractionnement Tirtiaux SA
Publication of EP0070269A2 publication Critical patent/EP0070269A2/de
Publication of EP0070269A3 publication Critical patent/EP0070269A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/003—Refining fats or fatty oils by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the biological treatment of crude, semi-treated or refined oils and fats, animal or vegetable, as well as to the oils and fats thus obtained.
  • Phosphatides the most common of which are lecithins and cephalins, are triglycerides in which one of the acyl radicals (-CO-R) is substituted by phosphoric acid, itself being saturated with a basic group, for example choline or cholamine. Phosphatides have a notable emulsifying and anti-crystallizing power.
  • One of the essential aims of the present invention consists in remedying the abovementioned drawbacks of existing oils and greases, and in providing for an industrially and economically valid process making it possible to obtain oils and greases which are clearly "cleaner” and of a lower viscosity than oils or fats treated according to conventional methods, in particular during the various abovementioned operations to which the oils or fats are subjected.
  • the method according to the invention consists in adding to the oil or fat to be treated, at least one enzyme making it possible to hydrolyze and / or depolymerize the non-glyceridic components contained therein.
  • the enzyme is added before the operations of centrifugation, filtration, crystallization, fractionation, wintering or clearing of this oil or fat.
  • the enzyme is chosen from the group comprising phosphatases, pectinases, cellulases, amylases, gumases, proteases and mixtures of two or more of these substances.
  • the subject of the invention is also the oils and greases obtained according to the process described above.
  • the present invention proposes to pre-treat oils and fats, by means of suitable enzymes, so as to greatly improve the operating conditions such as centrifugation, filtration, crystallization, fractionation, sintering or thinning.
  • suitable enzymes such as centrifugation, filtration, crystallization, fractionation, sintering or thinning.
  • the conditions of crystallization of an oil or grease are greatly improved, the conditions of filtration are automatically improved, or else this filtration is simply made possible.
  • good crystallization is essential, during wintering and fractionation operations, it essentially depends on the "cleanliness" of the oil treated. Fractionation is the progressive cooling (refrigeration) of a fat, followed by a separation of the crystals, in order to obtain two different fatty phases.
  • Winterization is the freezing of a liquid oil, followed by a separation of the crystals, with the aim of obtaining, by filtration or centrifugation, a clear main phase.
  • industrial processes of winterization and fractionation may be mentioned, for example, crystallization and filtration processes described in Belgian Patents No. 713,430 and No. '713 330.
  • the clearing is an operation of polishing the oils, retaining the troubles, impurities and mini-crystals present in the oils, on filtering surfaces, so as to make them clear and shiny.
  • Enzymes are effect proteins powerful and very selective catalytic. In fact, each enzyme has the property of specifically catalyzing an organic reaction via the formation of an enzyme-substrate complex. It has thus been found, according to the invention, that a certain number of enzymes specifically attack the non-glyceridic components of various oils and fats, due to the very nature of this component.
  • phosphatases phospholipases-C
  • pectinases cellulases, amylases, specific to the various carbohydrates
  • gumases specific to vegetable gums and mucilage
  • proteases which hydrolyze proteins (gelatins and caseins).
  • the enzymatic reaction will be carried out at a temperature between 10 ° and 90 ° C, and preferably at a temperature between 25 ° and 55 ° C, and at a pH of the order of 1 to 7. This is particularly important for concrete fats, for which enzymes stable at the temperature where the fat is perfectly melted will be chosen.
  • the enzymatic reaction is allowed to continue for a period of time allowing the practically total hydrolysis and / or depolymerization of the non-glyceridic components which contain the oil or the fat.
  • the enzymatic effect is necessarily stopped by the addition of an inhibitor or simply by the heat, for example by heating to a temperature of at least 85 ° C., in the extent to which the enzymatic reaction could continue undesired (for example with an oxidizing or hydrolyzing effect on the oils and fats themselves).
  • a typical example of the application of the process for the treatment of non-glyceridic components of oils and fats by the addition of enzymes is the treatment with pectinase. crude palm oil, to allow crystallization and fractionation thereof without subjecting it to current refining operations.
  • crude palm oil contains phosphatides and non-lipid components, generally referred to as “mucilages” or “gums”, which, although apparently unimportant ( 0.2 to crude oil), have a detrimental damaging effect on shouting tallization of crude oil. This is why, before any other operation, the crude palm oil is generally subjected to a prior “degumming”.
  • This degumming generally consists of an attack of the crude oil with a concentrated solution of phosphoric acid (0.05 to 0.2% by volume), which more or less attacks the gums by precipitating them so as to retain them during subsequent filtration on active soils.
  • phosphoric acid imparts to the treated oil an extremely troublesome, or even inhibiting, mineral acidity for the crystallization itself. This is the reason why certain processes "neutralize" the traces of unreacted phosphoric acid in the oil, by for example, by alkali hydroxides or calcium carbonate.
  • this neutralization has the disadvantage of giving rise to soaps, sodium or calcium, which are powerful inhibitors of crystallization. It is therefore necessary to retain these soaps in turn on active soils, with the disadvantages exposed above.
  • the treatment of crude palm oil with enzymes avoids the drawbacks mentioned above.
  • the enzymes have an absolutely specific action on the oil: the pectinases, for example, will selectively hydrolyze the pectins, which are numerous in crude palm oil, especially since the introduction into the oil mills of high-performance continuous presses, extracting with l oil part of the components of vegetable fibers.
  • Enzymes have the enormous advantage of acting on oils, which are delicate biological compounds, without violent acidification and at exceptionally moderate temperatures, the enzymes having their activity at temperatures very close to ambient temperatures.
  • the enzymes leave the crude palm oils with all their crude oil characteristics and make it possible to fractionate them, without loss of material, at the oil mill level, without all the equipment which is expensive in terms of investment and production costs. of the oil refinery.
  • this palm oil was subjected to 14 successive fractionation tests, either as it was or after various treatments, such as centrifugation, washing, attack with phosphoric acid and partial discoloration with active earth (2 % of Tonsil FF optimum), but always avoiding neutralization of the oil. All these tests were negative, the crystals formed being extremely small (0.02 to 0.15 mm in diameter), shapeless and without consistency, in a very viscous liquid suspension.
  • the enzymatic crude palm oil is subjected to normal crystallization, by heating to 68 ° C. followed by controlled cooling. Excellent crystallization is obtained, most of which have very firm and rounded crystals of 0.5 to 0.9 mm in diameter, with a few medium or small crystals. Then filtered on a vacuum filter, the oil thus crystallized filtered in 16 to 22 seconds, leaving a very dry stearin cake 12 mm thick and a very liquid and shiny olein. The crystallization tests were repeated several times, with the same success.
  • oils and fats containing non-glyceridic components which can usefully be hydrolyzed or depolymerized to improve their performance during treatments by centrifugation, filtration, cris. tallization, fractionation, winterization and clearing, and also considering the large number of enzymes including the specific action may be useful for the same purpose, it is obvious that the examples could be considerably increased, each of the oils and fats and each of the enzymes being a case in point.
  • oils and fats such as chicken fat, shea butter, illipe butter, salfat and cottonseed oil, could also be treated by the process of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
EP82870032A 1981-06-19 1982-06-15 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Ölen und Fetten und auf diese Weise erhaltene Produkte Withdrawn EP0070269A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU83441A LU83441A1 (fr) 1981-06-19 1981-06-19 Procede de traitement des huiles et graisses et produits ainsi obtenus
LU83441 1981-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070269A2 true EP0070269A2 (de) 1983-01-19
EP0070269A3 EP0070269A3 (de) 1984-09-26

Family

ID=19729673

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82870032A Withdrawn EP0070269A3 (de) 1981-06-19 1982-06-15 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Ölen und Fetten und auf diese Weise erhaltene Produkte

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070269A3 (de)
LU (1) LU83441A1 (de)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5532163A (en) * 1993-04-25 1996-07-02 Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd. Process for refining oil and fat
CN1034587C (zh) * 1991-05-16 1997-04-16 鲁母有限公司 降低植物油中含磷成分含量的方法
US7226771B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-05 Diversa Corporation Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them
US7943360B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-05-17 Verenium Corporation Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them
US8557551B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2013-10-15 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Compositions and methods for making and modifying oils
EP2792735A1 (de) * 2013-04-16 2014-10-22 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH Verfahren zur Verbesserung der wässrigen enzymatischen Entschleimung von Pflanzenölen
US9017990B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2015-04-28 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Methods for enzymatic decolorization of chlorophyll
WO2016097266A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps Method of improving palm oil yields from palm fruit or palm fruit liquid
US9677027B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2017-06-13 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Composition for enzymatic oil degumming

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR797099A (fr) * 1934-11-02 1936-04-20 Procédé d'amélioration des huiles et des graisses végétales et animales et des autres glycérides des acides gras
FR1439936A (fr) * 1965-03-08 1966-05-27 Procédé de valorisation des protéines et produits alimentaires en résultant
GB1190096A (en) * 1966-07-20 1970-04-29 Colgate Palmolive Co Process of Deodorizing Fats, and Soap made therefrom
GB1440462A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-06-23 Stork Amsterdam Process for the clarification and/or recovery of vegetable oils
FR2331288A1 (fr) * 1975-11-14 1977-06-10 Nestle Sa Procede de fabrication d'un lait concentre sucre vegetal

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR797099A (fr) * 1934-11-02 1936-04-20 Procédé d'amélioration des huiles et des graisses végétales et animales et des autres glycérides des acides gras
FR1439936A (fr) * 1965-03-08 1966-05-27 Procédé de valorisation des protéines et produits alimentaires en résultant
GB1190096A (en) * 1966-07-20 1970-04-29 Colgate Palmolive Co Process of Deodorizing Fats, and Soap made therefrom
GB1440462A (en) * 1973-06-29 1976-06-23 Stork Amsterdam Process for the clarification and/or recovery of vegetable oils
FR2331288A1 (fr) * 1975-11-14 1977-06-10 Nestle Sa Procede de fabrication d'un lait concentre sucre vegetal

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1034587C (zh) * 1991-05-16 1997-04-16 鲁母有限公司 降低植物油中含磷成分含量的方法
US5532163A (en) * 1993-04-25 1996-07-02 Showa Sangyo Co., Ltd. Process for refining oil and fat
US7226771B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2007-06-05 Diversa Corporation Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them
US7943360B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-05-17 Verenium Corporation Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them
US7977080B2 (en) 2002-04-19 2011-07-12 Verenium Corporation Phospholipases, nucleic acids encoding them and methods for making and using them
US9017990B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2015-04-28 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Methods for enzymatic decolorization of chlorophyll
US8557551B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2013-10-15 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Compositions and methods for making and modifying oils
US9034612B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2015-05-19 Dsm Ip Assets, B.V. Compositions and methods for making and modifying oils
US9243267B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2016-01-26 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Compositions and methods for making and modifying oils
US9499844B2 (en) 2004-09-10 2016-11-22 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Compositions and methods for making and modifying oils
US9677027B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2017-06-13 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Composition for enzymatic oil degumming
EP2792735A1 (de) * 2013-04-16 2014-10-22 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) GmbH Verfahren zur Verbesserung der wässrigen enzymatischen Entschleimung von Pflanzenölen
WO2014170021A1 (de) * 2013-04-16 2014-10-23 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Verfahren zur verbesserung der wässrigen enzymatischen entschleimung von pflanzenölen
CN105308161A (zh) * 2013-04-16 2016-02-03 科莱恩产品（德国）有限公司 用于改善植物油的水性酶促脱胶的方法
US20160060568A1 (en) * 2013-04-16 2016-03-03 Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh Process for improving aqueous enzymatic degumming of vegetable oils
WO2016097266A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps Method of improving palm oil yields from palm fruit or palm fruit liquid
WO2016097264A1 (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-23 Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps Recovery of oil from palm sludge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0070269A3 (de) 1984-09-26
LU83441A1 (fr) 1983-04-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2777738C (fr) Procede d'extraction enzymatique en milieu aqueux d'huiles et de proteines a partir de matiere vegetale
CA2049720C (en) Degumming process for plant oils
EP0784694A1 (de) Enzymatische verfahren zur anreicherung der fette an polyungesättigten fettsäuren
JP2005527237A (ja) 植物油の物理的精製を行うための前処理方法
CH665219A5 (fr) Procede d'esterification de graisses et d'huiles, et preparation enzymatique par la mise en oeuvre du procede.
EP0070269A2 (de) Verfahren zur Behandlung von Ölen und Fetten und auf diese Weise erhaltene Produkte
FR2460629A1 (fr) Procede de preparation d'un hydrolysat de proteine de soya a partir d'une matiere a base de soya contenant de la graisse et hydrolysat de proteine de soya obtenu par ce procede
EP0124439A2 (de) Verfahren zur Modifizierung von Rübenpektinen, hergestellte Produkte und ihre Verwendung
US4162260A (en) Oil purification by adding hydratable phosphatides
US4584141A (en) Process relating to triglyceride oils
JPH01312995A (ja) 酵素による油脂の改質方法
WO1996003511A2 (fr) Procede de production d'acides gras ou derives a partir de plantes oleagineuses
FR2940112A1 (fr) Procede d'extraction de composes presents au sein d'un materiau vegetal frais par cryobroyage et enzymolyse
JP7504915B2 (ja) 捕捉剤を使用した水性分散液からの植物クチクラワックスの抽出および精製
JPS6398393A (ja) 高温融解脂肪の転化方法
EP0967264A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Extraktion von Öl aus Ölsaaten
EP1119600B1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von fettsäureestern, proteinmehl, fasern und glycerol durch die direkte umesterung von fettquellen
JP7499274B2 (ja) 温度およびｐＨの調整を使用した水性分散液からの植物クチクラワックスの抽出および精製
EP0041002B1 (de) Verfahren zur Behandlung von Pflanzenölen zur Verbesserung ihrer Stabilität in der Kälte
BE834607R (fr) Procede de preparation d'une composition tensio-active obtenue par transesterification du saccharose avec un ou plusieurs iriglycerines
CA1120778A (fr) Procede de traitement de corps gras alimentaires
Silvamany et al. Engineering solutions for the palm mill of the future: Increasing extraction rate and sustainability through biotechnology
BE1006287A3 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'esters methyliques d'acides gras a partir d'une huile ou graisse naturelle, esters methyliques tels qu'ainsi obtenus et leur utilisation.
FR2702774A1 (fr) Raffinage d'huiles végétales ou animales par filtration.
BE882769A (fr) Perfectionnements relatifs a un procede de production d'un produit proteique vegetal purifie et produits obtenus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19850111

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19860326

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: TAN, CHEE HONG

Inventor name: TIRTIAUX, ALAIN

Inventor name: HOFFMANN, YNGVE