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EP0055467B1 - Diaphragm pump with a pressure relieved diaphragm - Google Patents

Diaphragm pump with a pressure relieved diaphragm Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0055467B1
EP0055467B1 EP81110720A EP81110720A EP0055467B1 EP 0055467 B1 EP0055467 B1 EP 0055467B1 EP 81110720 A EP81110720 A EP 81110720A EP 81110720 A EP81110720 A EP 81110720A EP 0055467 B1 EP0055467 B1 EP 0055467B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diaphram
chamber
pressure
housing body
diaphragm
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81110720A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0055467A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Dipl.-Ing. Fritsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lewa Herbert Ott GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Lewa Herbert Ott GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lewa Herbert Ott GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Lewa Herbert Ott GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT81110720T priority Critical patent/ATE10670T1/en
Publication of EP0055467A1 publication Critical patent/EP0055467A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0055467B1 publication Critical patent/EP0055467B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0054—Special features particularities of the flexible members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
    • F04B43/06—Pumps having fluid drive
    • F04B43/067—Pumps having fluid drive the fluid being actuated directly by a piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a diaphragm pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the diaphragm clamping which is achieved by the peripheral edge of the diaphragm clamped between the housing body and the pump cover, acts at the same time in such a diaphragm pump as a seal of the pressure chamber from the atmosphere, so that such a construction can only achieve delivery pressures of up to 350 bar, since the The tightness of the diaphragm pump must also be ensured with critical fluids, such as toxic or abrasive dosing media.
  • diaphragm pump constructions of the above-mentioned other type namely those with metal diaphragms
  • metal membranes naturally only allow small deflections and therefore require a much larger membrane bending diameter than plastic membranes.
  • the highest demands are placed on the processing quality of the sealing surfaces, namely on the clamping surface of the metal membrane, and on the surface quality of the membrane material.
  • Diaphragm pumps with metal membranes are therefore much larger and more expensive than those with plastic membranes.
  • operational safety is lower because metal membranes are more sensitive to breakage, e.g. can easily be caused by suspension or dirt particles in the medium.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing the diaphragm pump of the generic type in order to eliminate the disadvantages described in such a way that it is suitable for delivery pressures of well over 350 bar and at the same time permits the use of reliable, displacement-intensive plastic membranes.
  • the invention is based on the idea of relieving the clamping surface of the membrane of the sealing function, which it had previously had to perform simultaneously, i.e. H.
  • the diaphragm is relieved of pressure with a precisely defined deformation between the pump cover and the housing body in such a way that the same pressure, namely that of the pressure chamber, always prevails both radially inside and radially outside the diaphragm clamping surface.
  • the pressure chamber of the diaphragm pump is sealed off from the atmosphere in the usual way by a separate seal. Sealing of this type is problem-free because only hydraulic fluid, usually mineral oil, has to be sealed. Thus, the previously difficult task of securely sealing volatile, aggressive or toxic fluids at high pulsating pressures is reduced to a technically simple, proven solution, namely sealing oil at pulsating pressure.
  • sealing elements e.g. 0-rings can be used.
  • the circumferential pressure equalization space which is arranged radially outside the membrane clamping surface and has the shape of an annular groove, is provided in the end face of the housing body and is connected to the pressure space via at least one connecting channel.
  • This connecting channel can either be connected directly to the pressure chamber or can be guided to a blind bore in the housing body, which receives a snift valve arrangement connected to the hydraulic supply and is in turn connected to the pressure chamber via a further channel.
  • Reliable, displacement-intensive plastic membranes can therefore be used in the membrane pump designed according to the invention and, at the same time, delivery pressures of up to, for example, 1200 bar with a membrane service life of over 20,000 operating hours can be achieved.
  • the invention is based on the following
  • the diaphragm pump shown has a pump housing in the form of a housing body 2 which is closed at the end by a pump cover 1 and in which an oscillating displacement piston 3 works as a hydraulic diaphragm drive. This can be mechanically pushed back and forth in an axial bore 4 of the housing body 2 and is sealed off from a hydraulic supply 6 by a sealing packing 5.
  • the pump cover 1 is detachably fixed on the end face to the housing body 2 by screws 7, a delivery chamber 8 and a pressure chamber 9 filled with hydraulic fluid being formed in the mutually facing end faces of the pump cover 1 and the housing body 2 by correspondingly large, diameter-concave recesses.
  • the pressure chamber 9, which opens at the bottom in the middle into the bore 4 of the housing body 2, which displaceably guides the displacer 3, is separated from the delivery chamber 8 by a plastic membrane 10, which in the illustrated embodiment consists of a single membrane, but also of several, sandwiched one above the other Membranes can be formed and in any case is firmly clamped between the pump cover 1 and the housing body 2 in the manner described below.
  • the pump cover 1 has a spring-loaded inlet valve 11 and a spring-loaded outlet valve 12, these valves 11, 12 being connected to the delivery chamber 8 via an inlet channel 13 and an outlet channel 14 in such a way that the delivery medium flows to the right according to FIG. 1 Suction stroke of the diaphragm 10 in the direction of arrow A is sucked into the delivery chamber 8 via the inlet valve 11 and the inlet duct 13 and metered out in the direction of arrow B during the pressure stroke of the diaphragm 10 to the left according to FIG. 1 via the outlet duct 14 and the outlet valve 12 the delivery chamber 8 is pushed out.
  • an overflow valve 15 serving for overpressure protection is provided in the housing body 2, which has a valve ball arranged in the bottom side in a blind bore 16 of the housing body 2 and loaded in the manner shown by an adjustable spring 17 15 ', the blind bore 16 being connected to the hydraulic reservoir 6 by a duct 18 and to the pressure chamber 9 by a duct 19.
  • the pressure chamber 9 is then connected to the hydraulic reservoir 6 via the channels 19, 18 and is depressurized if an inadmissibly high pressure should be built up in the pressure chamber 9 during the pressure stroke of the membrane 10.
  • a sniffer valve 21 is received in a further blind bore 20 of the housing body 2, which releases the connection of the pressure chamber 9 to the hydraulic reservoir 6 for the purpose of vacuum protection when the membrane 10 is in contact with the pressure chamber during the membrane suction stroke.
  • the blind bore 20 is connected via a channel 22 to the pressure chamber 9 and via a channel 23 to the hydraulic reservoir 6, the snifting valve 21 in the manner shown having a spring-loaded valve ball 25 resting on the underside of the bottom of an insert body 24, which at Reaches a certain preset negative pressure and accordingly connects the pressure chamber 9 to the hydraulic reservoir 6 via the channels 22, 23.
  • this sniffer valve 21 also serves to vent the pressure chamber 9, i.e. the degassing of the hydraulic fluid in the pressure chamber 9.
  • the channel 22 in the housing body 2 is designed to rise, in such a way that its geodetically lower end (left channel end in FIG. 1) with the geodetically highest point of the pressure chamber 9 and its geodetically higher end (right channel end in 1) is connected to the blind bore 20, so that a functionally reliable degassing of the hydraulic fluid or venting of the pressure chamber 9 is always achieved automatically.
  • the membrane 10 with a clamping surface 26 formed by a peripheral edge is firmly clamped between those parts of the facing end faces of the housing body 2 and the pump cover 1, which are connected to the delivery chamber 8 and the pressure chamber 9 adjoin, this membrane clamping surface 26 being inserted into an annular recess 27 formed in the end face of the housing body 2.
  • a circumferential pressure compensation chamber 28 is provided in the end face of the housing body 2, which has the shape of an annular groove and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, via a single connecting channel 29 formed in the housing body 2 with the blind bore 20 receiving the snifting valve 21 - and thus via the channel 22 with the pressure chamber 9 - is connected. This ensures that both radially outside and radially inside the membrane clamping surface 26, i.e. So both in the pressure chamber 9 and in the pressure compensation chamber 28, the pressure is always the same and the membrane clamping surface 26 is thus relieved of pressure.
  • the connecting channel 29 - like the channel 22 - is also designed to rise in the housing body 2 and is designed such that it extends from the geodetically highest point of the pressure compensation chamber 28 to the geodetically highest point of the pressure chamber 9 - namely via the blind bore 20 and the channel 22 - leads, so that a safe degassing of the pressure compensation chamber 28 is also ensured.
  • the membrane 10 additionally has an outer edge 26 'on its clamping surface 26, which has a considerably smaller thickness than the membrane main body, the thickness of this outer clamping edge 26' preferably being about 5-20% of the thickness of the membrane main body.
  • the width of the outer clamping edge 26 ' should be at least 10 times its thickness.
  • the advantage of an even greater sealing and clamping security is achieved.
  • the malfunction may occur that the pressure in the delivery chamber 8 becomes greater than in the pressure chamber 9, for example when the outlet valve 12 is stuck or when its spring breaks, etc.
  • the diaphragm 10 Similar to their movement during the suction stroke - deflected and pressed against the concave support surface of the pressure chamber 9, the clamping edge of the membrane 10 formed by the usual clamping surface 26 being excessively stressed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

In a diaphragm pump the diaphragm separating the delivery chamber from the working chamber is clamped between a cylinder body and a cylinder cover in pressure-balancing arrangement. For this purpose a pressure-balancing space is provided to be radially outside and to encircle said diaphragm clamping surface, the pressure balancing space communicating wtih the working chamber through at least one communicating passage. Furthermore, a separate annular seal member is disposed to be radially outside the pressure balancing space chamber between the cylinder cover and the cylinder body to seal-off the pressure balancing space and the working chamber from the outside. This enables the diaphragm pump to be used at discharge pressures far greater than 350 bars and simultaneously permits the use of plastic diaphragms which are reliable in operation and have a large displacement capacity.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Membranpumpe gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a diaphragm pump according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei bekannten Membranpumpen dieser Art, die mit hydraulischem Membranantrieb arbeiten, sind grundsätzlich zwei Basiskonstruktionen bekannt, nämlich einerseits solche, bei denen eine oder mehrere Kunststoffmembranen zur Anwendung gelangen, und andererseits solche, bei denen Metallmembranen verwendet werden.In known diaphragm pumps of this type, which work with a hydraulic diaphragm drive, two basic constructions are known in principle, namely on the one hand those in which one or more plastic membranes are used and on the other hand those in which metal membranes are used.

Bei denjenigen bekannten Membranpumpenkonstruktionen (GB-A-872 752), bei denen eine Kunststoffmembran, üblicherweise aus Polytetrafluoräthylen (PTFE) oder Elastomeren bestehend, zur Anwendung gelangt, ergibt sich der Vorteil einer kompakten, preisgünstigen und sehr betriebssicheren Ausführung, so dass diese heute hauptsächlich eingesetzt wird. Dies beruht darauf, dass eine Kunststoffmembran naturgemäss eine hohe Elastizität aufweist und daher sehr grosse Auslenkungen sowie kleine Durchmesser gestattet, so dass durch die Unempfindlichkeit der Kunststoffmembran gegen Oberflächenbeschädigungen und auch bei schwierigen Fördermedien, wie z.B. Suspensionen, eine sehr hohe Betriebssicherheit erreicht wird, die sich in einer Membranlebensdauer von mehr als 20000 Betriebsstunden äussert.In the case of those known diaphragm pump constructions (GB-A-872 752) in which a plastic membrane, usually consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or elastomers, is used, there is the advantage of a compact, inexpensive and very reliable design, so that these are mainly used today is used. This is due to the fact that a plastic membrane naturally has a high elasticity and therefore allows very large deflections and small diameters, so that the plastic membrane is insensitive to surface damage and also with difficult conveying media, e.g. Suspensions, a very high level of operational safety is achieved, which manifests itself in a membrane life of more than 20,000 operating hours.

Die Membraneinspannung, die durch den zwischen Gehäusekörper und Pumpendeckel festgeklemmten Umfangsrand der Membran erreicht wird, wirkt aber bei einer derartigen Membranpumpe gleichzeitig als Abdichtung des Druckraumes zur Atmosphäre hin, so dass sich mit einer derartigen Konstruktion nur Förderdrücke bis maximal 350 bar erreichen lassen, da die Dichtheit der Membranpumpe auch bei kritischen Fördermedien, wie beispielsweise giftigen oder abrasiven Dosiermedien, gewährleistet sein muss.The diaphragm clamping, which is achieved by the peripheral edge of the diaphragm clamped between the housing body and the pump cover, acts at the same time in such a diaphragm pump as a seal of the pressure chamber from the atmosphere, so that such a construction can only achieve delivery pressures of up to 350 bar, since the The tightness of the diaphragm pump must also be ensured with critical fluids, such as toxic or abrasive dosing media.

Es müssen demgemäss für gewünschte höhere Förderdrücke von über 350 bar Membranpumpenkonstruktionen der obengenannten anderen Art, nämlich solche mit Metallmembranen, eingesetzt werden. Metallmembranen lassen jedoch naturgemäss nur kleine Auslenkungen zu und erfordern deshalb einen wesentlich grösseren Membranbiegedurchmesser als Kunststoffmembranen. Ausserdem werden höchste Anforderungen an die Bearbeitungsgüte der Dichtflächen, nämlich an die Einspannfläche der Metallmembran, sowie an die Oberflächengüte des Membranmaterials gestellt. Entsprechend dem grösseren Durchmesser der Metallmembran ergeben sich auch höhere Kräfte für die Schrauben der Membraneinspannung. Membranpumpen mit Metallmembranen sind deshalb sehr viel grösser und teurer als solche mit Kunststoffmembranen. Zudem ist die Betriebssicherheit geringer, weil Metallmembranen empfindlicher gegen Bruch sind, der z.B. leicht durch Suspensions- oder Schmutzpartikel im Fördermedium herbeigeführt werden kann.Accordingly, diaphragm pump constructions of the above-mentioned other type, namely those with metal diaphragms, must be used for the desired higher delivery pressures of over 350 bar. However, metal membranes naturally only allow small deflections and therefore require a much larger membrane bending diameter than plastic membranes. In addition, the highest demands are placed on the processing quality of the sealing surfaces, namely on the clamping surface of the metal membrane, and on the surface quality of the membrane material. Corresponding to the larger diameter of the metal membrane, there are also higher forces for the screws of the membrane clamping. Diaphragm pumps with metal membranes are therefore much larger and more expensive than those with plastic membranes. In addition, operational safety is lower because metal membranes are more sensitive to breakage, e.g. can easily be caused by suspension or dirt particles in the medium.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Membranpumpe der gattungsgemässen Art zur Beseitigung der geschilderten Nachteile derart auszugestalten, dass sie sich für Förderdrücke von weit über 350 bar eignet und gleichzeitig den Einsatz von betriebssicheren, verdrängungsintensiven Kunststoffmembranen erlaubt.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing the diaphragm pump of the generic type in order to eliminate the disadvantages described in such a way that it is suitable for delivery pressures of well over 350 bar and at the same time permits the use of reliable, displacement-intensive plastic membranes.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen hiervon sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements of this are specified in the further claims.

Der Erfindung liegt der Gedanke zugrunde, die Einspannfläche der Membran von der Dichtfunktion, die sie bisher gleichzeitig übernehmen musste, zu entlasten, d. h. also, die Membran druckentlastet mit genau definierter Verformung zwischen Pumpendeckel und Gehäusekörper derart einzuspannen, dass sowohl radial innerhalb wie radial ausserhalb der Membraneinspannfläche stets der gleiche Druck, nämlich derjenige des Druckraums, herrscht. Dadurch ergibt sich der bedeutende Vorteil, dass nicht nur die Membraneinspannfläche keinerlei Dichtfunktion mehr übernehmen muss, sondern dass auch dann, wenn mit der Membranpumpe Förderdrücke von weit über 350 bar erzielt werden sollen, eine Kunststoffmembran zur Anwendung gelangen kann, die gegenüber der Metallmembran die bereits geschilderten Vorteile, nämlich u.a. grosse Verdrängungsintensität, Kerbunempfindlichkeit, hohe Lebensdauer, kleinen Durchmesser usw., aufweist.The invention is based on the idea of relieving the clamping surface of the membrane of the sealing function, which it had previously had to perform simultaneously, i.e. H. Thus, the diaphragm is relieved of pressure with a precisely defined deformation between the pump cover and the housing body in such a way that the same pressure, namely that of the pressure chamber, always prevails both radially inside and radially outside the diaphragm clamping surface. This results in the significant advantage that not only does the membrane clamping surface no longer have to perform any sealing function, but that even if the membrane pump is to achieve delivery pressures of well over 350 bar, a plastic membrane can be used that already has the metal membrane Advantages described, namely among other things large displacement intensity, notch sensitivity, long service life, small diameter, etc., has.

Die Abdichtung des Druckraums der Membranpumpe zur Atmosphäre hin erfolgt in üblicher Weise durch eine gesonderte Dichtung. Eine derartige Abdichtung gestaltet sich problemlos, weil lediglich Hydraulikflüssigkeit, in der Regel Mineralöl, abzudichten ist. Somit ist die bisher schwierige Aufgabe einer sicheren Abdichtung leichtflüchtiger, aggressiver oder giftiger Fördermedien bei hohen pulsierenden Drücken auf eine technisch einfache, bewährte Lösung reduziert, nämlich der Abdichtung von Öl bei pulsierendem Druck. Dafür können bekannte Dichtelemente, z.B. 0-Ringe, verwendet werden.The pressure chamber of the diaphragm pump is sealed off from the atmosphere in the usual way by a separate seal. Sealing of this type is problem-free because only hydraulic fluid, usually mineral oil, has to be sealed. Thus, the previously difficult task of securely sealing volatile, aggressive or toxic fluids at high pulsating pressures is reduced to a technically simple, proven solution, namely sealing oil at pulsating pressure. Known sealing elements, e.g. 0-rings can be used.

Der radial ausserhalb der Membraneinspannfläche angeordnete umlaufende Druckausgleichsraum, der die Form einer Ringnut aufweist, ist gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform in der Stirnfläche des Gehäusekörpers vorgesehen und steht über wenigstens einen Verbindungskanal mit dem Druckraum in Verbindung. Dieser Verbindungskanal kann entweder direkt mit dem Druckraum verbunden oder aber zu einer Sackbohrung im Gehäusekörper geführt sein, die eine mit dem Hydraulikvorrat in Verbindung stehende Schnüffelventilanordnung aufnimmt und ihrerseits über einen weiteren Kanal mit dem Druckraum verbunden ist.According to a preferred embodiment, the circumferential pressure equalization space, which is arranged radially outside the membrane clamping surface and has the shape of an annular groove, is provided in the end face of the housing body and is connected to the pressure space via at least one connecting channel. This connecting channel can either be connected directly to the pressure chamber or can be guided to a blind bore in the housing body, which receives a snift valve arrangement connected to the hydraulic supply and is in turn connected to the pressure chamber via a further channel.

Es lassen sich daher bei der erfindungsgemäss ausgestalteten Membranpumpe betriebssichere, verdrängungsintensive Kunststoffmembranen einsetzen und gleichzeitig Förderdrücke von bis zu beispielsweise 1200 bar bei einer Membranlebensdauer bis über 20000 Betriebsstunden erzielen.Reliable, displacement-intensive plastic membranes can therefore be used in the membrane pump designed according to the invention and, at the same time, delivery pressures of up to, for example, 1200 bar with a membrane service life of over 20,000 operating hours can be achieved.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand derThe invention is based on the following

Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in:

  • Fig. 1 schematisch im Querschnitt die Membranpumpe gemäss der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 2 vergrössert im Schnitt das Detail A der Membranpumpe gemäss Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 3 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform in einer der Fig. 2 ähnlichen Detaildarstellung.
Drawing explained in more detail. This shows in:
  • Figure 1 shows schematically in cross section the diaphragm pump according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged section A of the diaphragm pump according to FIGS. 1 and
  • Fig. 3 shows a modified embodiment in a detail view similar to FIG. 2.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, weist die dargestellte Membranpumpe ein Pumpengehäuse in Form eines durch einen Pumpendeckel 1 stirnseitig verschlossenen Gehäusekörpers 2 auf, in dem als hydraulischer Membranantrieb ein oszillierender Verdrängerkolben 3 arbeitet. Dieser ist in einer axialen Bohrung 4 des Gehäusekörpers 2 mechanisch hin- und herverschiebbar und durch eine Dichtungspackung 5 gegenüber einem Hydraulikvorrat 6 abgedichtet.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the diaphragm pump shown has a pump housing in the form of a housing body 2 which is closed at the end by a pump cover 1 and in which an oscillating displacement piston 3 works as a hydraulic diaphragm drive. This can be mechanically pushed back and forth in an axial bore 4 of the housing body 2 and is sealed off from a hydraulic supply 6 by a sealing packing 5.

Der Pumpendeckel 1 ist durch Schrauben 7 stirnseitig am Gehäusekörper 2 lösbar festgelegt, wobei in den einander zugekehrten Stirnflächen des Pumpendeckels 1 und des Gehäusekörpers 2 durch entsprechend grosse, durchmessergleiche konkave Ausnehmungen ein Förderraum 8 sowie ein mit Hydraulikflüssigkeit gefüllter Druckraum 9 gebildet ist. Der Druckraum 9, der an seinem Boden mittig in die den Verdrängerkolben 3 verschiebbar führende Bohrung 4 des Gehäusekörpers 2 mündet, ist vom Förderraum 8 durch eine Kunststoffmembran 10 getrennt, die beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einer einzigen Membran besteht, jedoch auch aus mehreren, sandwichartig übereinandergelegten Membranen gebildet sein kann und in jedem Fall in der nachstehend beschriebenen Weise fest zwischen Pumpendeckel 1 und Gehäusekörper 2 eingespannt ist.The pump cover 1 is detachably fixed on the end face to the housing body 2 by screws 7, a delivery chamber 8 and a pressure chamber 9 filled with hydraulic fluid being formed in the mutually facing end faces of the pump cover 1 and the housing body 2 by correspondingly large, diameter-concave recesses. The pressure chamber 9, which opens at the bottom in the middle into the bore 4 of the housing body 2, which displaceably guides the displacer 3, is separated from the delivery chamber 8 by a plastic membrane 10, which in the illustrated embodiment consists of a single membrane, but also of several, sandwiched one above the other Membranes can be formed and in any case is firmly clamped between the pump cover 1 and the housing body 2 in the manner described below.

Der Pumpendeckel 1 weist ein federbelastetes Einlassventil 11 sowie ein federbelastetes Auslassventil 12 auf, wobei diese Ventile 11, 12 derart über einen Einlasskanal 13 bzw. einen Auslasskanal 14 mit dem Förderraum 8 in Verbindung stehen, dass das Fördermedium beim nach rechts gemäss Fig. 1 erfolgenden Saughub der Membran 10 in Richtung des Pfeils A über das Einlassventil 11 und den Einlasskanal 13 in den Förderraum 8 angesaugt und beim nach links gemäss Fig. 1 erfolgenden Druckhub der Membran 10 über den Auslasskanal 14 und das Auslassventil 12 in Richtung des Pfeils B dosiert aus dem Förderraum 8 herausgedrückt wird.The pump cover 1 has a spring-loaded inlet valve 11 and a spring-loaded outlet valve 12, these valves 11, 12 being connected to the delivery chamber 8 via an inlet channel 13 and an outlet channel 14 in such a way that the delivery medium flows to the right according to FIG. 1 Suction stroke of the diaphragm 10 in the direction of arrow A is sucked into the delivery chamber 8 via the inlet valve 11 and the inlet duct 13 and metered out in the direction of arrow B during the pressure stroke of the diaphragm 10 to the left according to FIG. 1 via the outlet duct 14 and the outlet valve 12 the delivery chamber 8 is pushed out.

Um beim Membrandruckhub eine Überlastung der Membran 10 sowie der gesamten Membranpumpe zu verhindern, ist im Gehäusekörper 2 ein dem Überdruckschutz dienendes Überströmventil 15 vorgesehen, das eine bodenseitig in einer Sackbohrung 16 des Gehäusekörpers 2 angeordnete, in der dargestellten Weise durch eine einstellbare Feder 17 belastete Ventilkugel 15' aufweist, wobei die Sackbohrung 16 durch einen Kanal 18 mit dem Hydraulikvorrat 6 sowie durch einen Kanal 19 mit dem Druckraum 9 verbunden ist. Wie ersichtlich, wird aufgrund dieser Anordnung und Ausbildung des Überströmventils 15 der Druckraum 9 dann über die Kanäle 19,18 mit dem Hydraulikvorrat 6 verbunden und druckentlastet, wenn während des Druckhubes der Membran 10 ein unzulässig hoher Druck im Druckraum 9 aufgebaut werden sollte.In order to prevent the diaphragm 10 and the entire diaphragm pump from being overloaded during the diaphragm pressure stroke, an overflow valve 15 serving for overpressure protection is provided in the housing body 2, which has a valve ball arranged in the bottom side in a blind bore 16 of the housing body 2 and loaded in the manner shown by an adjustable spring 17 15 ', the blind bore 16 being connected to the hydraulic reservoir 6 by a duct 18 and to the pressure chamber 9 by a duct 19. As can be seen, due to this arrangement and design of the overflow valve 15, the pressure chamber 9 is then connected to the hydraulic reservoir 6 via the channels 19, 18 and is depressurized if an inadmissibly high pressure should be built up in the pressure chamber 9 during the pressure stroke of the membrane 10.

In entsprechender Weise ist in einer weiteren Sackbohrung 20 des Gehäusekörpers 2 ein Schnüffelventil 21 aufgenommen, das zum Zweck des Unterdruckschutzes bei der druckraumseitigen Anlage der Membran 10 während des Membransaughubes die Verbindung des Druckraumes 9 zum Hydraulikvorrat 6 freigibt. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Sackbohrung 20 über einen Kanal 22 mit dem Druckraum 9 sowie über einen Kanal 23 mit dem Hydraulikvorrat 6 verbunden, wobei das Schnüffelventil 21 in der dargestellten Weise eine federbelastete, unterseitig dem Boden eines Einsatzkörpers 24 anliegende Ventilkugel 25 aufweist, die bei Erreichen eines bestimmten voreingestellten Unterdrucks abhebt und demgemäss über die Kanäle 22, 23 die Verbindung des Druckraums 9 mit dem Hydraulikvorrat 6 herstellt.In a corresponding manner, a sniffer valve 21 is received in a further blind bore 20 of the housing body 2, which releases the connection of the pressure chamber 9 to the hydraulic reservoir 6 for the purpose of vacuum protection when the membrane 10 is in contact with the pressure chamber during the membrane suction stroke. For this purpose, the blind bore 20 is connected via a channel 22 to the pressure chamber 9 and via a channel 23 to the hydraulic reservoir 6, the snifting valve 21 in the manner shown having a spring-loaded valve ball 25 resting on the underside of the bottom of an insert body 24, which at Reaches a certain preset negative pressure and accordingly connects the pressure chamber 9 to the hydraulic reservoir 6 via the channels 22, 23.

Gleichzeitig dient dieses Schnüffelventil 21 auch der Entlüftung des Druckraumes 9, d.h. der Entgasung der im Druckraum 9 befindlichen Hydraulikflüssigkeit. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Kanal 22 im Gehäusekörper 2 ansteigend verlaufend ausgebildet, und zwar derart, dass sein geodätisch tiefer liegendes Ende (linkes Kanalende in Fig. 1) mit der geodätisch höchsten Stelle des Druckraums 9 und sein geodätisch höher liegendes Ende (rechtes Kanalende in Fig. 1) mit der Sackbohrung 20 verbunden ist, so dass stets selbsttätig eine funktionssichere Entgasung der Hydraulikflüssigkeit bzw. Entlüftung des Druckraums 9 erreicht ist.At the same time, this sniffer valve 21 also serves to vent the pressure chamber 9, i.e. the degassing of the hydraulic fluid in the pressure chamber 9. For this purpose, the channel 22 in the housing body 2 is designed to rise, in such a way that its geodetically lower end (left channel end in FIG. 1) with the geodetically highest point of the pressure chamber 9 and its geodetically higher end (right channel end in 1) is connected to the blind bore 20, so that a functionally reliable degassing of the hydraulic fluid or venting of the pressure chamber 9 is always achieved automatically.

Wie aus Fig. 1 und besonders deutlich aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, ist die Membran 10 mit einer durch einen Umfangsrand gebildeten Einspannfläche 26 fest zwischen denjenigen Teilen der einander zugekehrten Stirnflächen von Gehäusekörper 2 und Pumpendeckel 1 eingespannt, die an den Förderraum 8 und den Druckraum 9 angrenzen, wobei diese Membraneinspannfläche 26 in eine in der Stirnfläche des Gehäusekörpers 2 gebildete ringförmige Ausnehmung 27 eingelegt ist. Radial ausserhalb dieser Membraneinspannfläche 26 ist in der Stirnfläche des Gehäusekörpers 2 ein umlaufender Druckausgleichsraum 28 vorgesehen, der die Form einer Ringnut aufweist und beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel über einen einzigen, im Gehäusekörper 2 gebildeten Verbindungskanal 29 mit der das Schnüffelventil 21 aufnehmenden Sackbohrung 20 - und damit über den Kanal 22 mit dem Druckraum 9 - in Verbindung steht. Damit ist gewährleistet, dass sowohl radial ausserhalb als auch radial innerhalb der Membraneinspannfläche 26, d.h. also sowohl im Druckraum 9 als auch im Druckausgleichsraum 28, stets der gleiche Druck herrscht und somit die Membraneinspannfläche 26 druckentlastet ist.As can be seen from FIG. 1 and particularly clearly from FIG. 2, the membrane 10 with a clamping surface 26 formed by a peripheral edge is firmly clamped between those parts of the facing end faces of the housing body 2 and the pump cover 1, which are connected to the delivery chamber 8 and the pressure chamber 9 adjoin, this membrane clamping surface 26 being inserted into an annular recess 27 formed in the end face of the housing body 2. Radially outside of this diaphragm clamping surface 26, a circumferential pressure compensation chamber 28 is provided in the end face of the housing body 2, which has the shape of an annular groove and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, via a single connecting channel 29 formed in the housing body 2 with the blind bore 20 receiving the snifting valve 21 - and thus via the channel 22 with the pressure chamber 9 - is connected. This ensures that both radially outside and radially inside the membrane clamping surface 26, i.e. So both in the pressure chamber 9 and in the pressure compensation chamber 28, the pressure is always the same and the membrane clamping surface 26 is thus relieved of pressure.

Wie aus der Zeichnung ersichtlich, ist der Verbindungskanal 29 - genau wie der Kanal 22 - ebenfalls ansteigend verlaufend im Gehäusekörper 2 ausgebildet und derart angelegt, dass er von der geodätisch höchsten Stelle des Druckausgleichsraumes 28 zur geodätisch höchsten Stelle des Druckraumes 9 - nämlich über die Sackbohrung 20 und den Kanal 22 - führt, so dass auch dadurch für eine sichere Entgasung des Druckausgleichsraumes 28 gesorgt ist.As can be seen from the drawing, the connecting channel 29 - like the channel 22 - is also designed to rise in the housing body 2 and is designed such that it extends from the geodetically highest point of the pressure compensation chamber 28 to the geodetically highest point of the pressure chamber 9 - namely via the blind bore 20 and the channel 22 - leads, so that a safe degassing of the pressure compensation chamber 28 is also ensured.

Die Abdichtung des Druckraums 9 bzw. des Druckausgleichsraums 28 nach aussen erfolgt über eine gesonderte Ringdichtung 30, die radial ausserhalb des Druckausgleichsraums 28 in eine Ringnut 31 in der Stirnfläche des Gehäusekörpers 2 eingelegt ist.The sealing of the pressure chamber 9 or the pressure compensation chamber 28 to the outside takes place via a separate ring seal 30, which is inserted radially outside the pressure compensation chamber 28 in an annular groove 31 in the end face of the housing body 2.

Bei der abgewandelten Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 3 weist die Membran 10 an ihrer Einspannfläche 26 zusätzlich einen äusseren Rand 26' auf, der eine beträchtlich geringere Dicke als der Membranhauptkörper besitzt, wobei die Dicke dieses äusseren Einspannrandes 26' bevorzugt etwa 5-20% der Dicke des Membranhauptkörpers beträgt. Ausserdem soll die Breite des äusseren Einspannrandes 26' wenigstens dem 10fachen seiner Dicke entsprechen.In the modified embodiment according to FIG. 3, the membrane 10 additionally has an outer edge 26 'on its clamping surface 26, which has a considerably smaller thickness than the membrane main body, the thickness of this outer clamping edge 26' preferably being about 5-20% of the thickness of the membrane main body. In addition, the width of the outer clamping edge 26 'should be at least 10 times its thickness.

Mit einer derartigen Ausgestaltung der Membraneinspannfläche 26 einschliesslich verdünntem äusserem Einspannrand 26' wird der Vorteil einer noch grösseren Abdicht- und auch Einspannsicherheit erreicht. Es kann nämlich, speziell auch im Betriebsstillstand der Membranpumpe, der Störfall eintreten, dass der Druck im Förderraum 8 grösser wird als im Druckraum 9, beispielsweise wenn das Auslassventil 12 klemmt oder wenn dessen Feder bricht usw. In solch einem Störfall wird dann die Membran 10 - ähnlich ihrer Bewegung beim Saughub - ausgelenkt und an die konkave Abstützfläche des Druckraums 9 gedrückt, wobei der durch die übliche Einspannfläche 26 gebildete Einspannrand der Membran 10 über Gebühr beansprucht wird. Dies ergibt sich deswegen, weil der in diesem Augenblick im Förderraum 8 herrschende Druck die förderseitige Membranfläche beaufschlagt, gleichzeitig jedoch nicht durch einen entsprechenden Druck im Druckraum 9 kompensiert ist. Das hat zur Folge, dass die derart beaufschlagte Membran 10 an ihrer üblichen Einspannfläche 26 förderseitig geringfügig verformt wird, so dass durch den somit entstehenden Spalt Fördermedium vom Förderraum 8 in den Druckraum 9 kriechen könnte.With such a configuration of the membrane clamping surface 26, including the thinned outer clamping edge 26 ', the advantage of an even greater sealing and clamping security is achieved. In particular, even when the diaphragm pump is at a standstill, the malfunction may occur that the pressure in the delivery chamber 8 becomes greater than in the pressure chamber 9, for example when the outlet valve 12 is stuck or when its spring breaks, etc. In such an accident, the diaphragm 10 - Similar to their movement during the suction stroke - deflected and pressed against the concave support surface of the pressure chamber 9, the clamping edge of the membrane 10 formed by the usual clamping surface 26 being excessively stressed. This is because the pressure prevailing in the delivery chamber 8 at this moment acts on the delivery-side membrane surface, but at the same time is not compensated for by a corresponding pressure in the pressure chamber 9. The consequence of this is that the membrane 10 acted upon in this way is slightly deformed on its usual clamping surface 26 on the conveying side, so that the medium thus created could cause the conveying medium to creep from the conveying chamber 8 into the pressure chamber 9.

Derartiges wird jedoch wirksam durch den zusätzlich zur üblichen Einspannfläche 26 vorgesehenen, verdünnt ausgebildeten äusseren Membraneinspannrand 26' verhindert, da dieser aufgrund seiner geringen Dicke - in Verbindung mit einer bestimmten Mindestbreite - gleichsam einen Klebeffekt ausübt, weil das dünne Membranmaterial an den durch die übliche Oberflächenrauhigkeit bedingten kleinen Vorsprüngen bzw. Erhebungen der metallischen Dichtflächen von Pumpendeckel 1 und Gehäusekörper 2 anhaftet und somit an einer unerwünschten Wander- bzw. Fliessbewegung gehindert wird. Somit kann auch im genannten Störfall am äusseren Membraneinspannrand 26' vorbei keinerlei Fördermedium vom Förderraum 8 in den Druckraum 9 eindringen.However, this is effectively prevented by the thinned outer membrane clamping edge 26 'provided in addition to the usual clamping surface 26, since due to its small thickness - in conjunction with a certain minimum width - it practically exerts an adhesive effect because the thin membrane material has the usual surface roughness conditional small protrusions or elevations of the metallic sealing surfaces of pump cover 1 and housing body 2 adheres and is thus prevented from an undesirable migration or flow movement. Thus, even in the above-mentioned malfunction, no conveyed medium can penetrate from the delivery chamber 8 into the pressure chamber 9 past the outer membrane clamping edge 26 '.

Claims (6)

1. A diaphram pump including at least one diaphram (10), which separates an output chamber (8) from a pressure chamber (9) filled with hydraulic fluid and is clamped firmly between a housing body (2) and a pump cover (1) by means of a clamping surface (26) formed by its peripheral edge, a hydraulic diaphram drive in the form of an oscillating displacement piston (3) which can be moved in the housing body (2) between the pressure chamber (9) and a hydraulic reservoir (6), and an annular seal (30) fitted between the pump cover (1) and the housing body (2) which seals off the pressure chamber (9) towards the outside, characterised in that there is provided radially outwardly of the diaphram clamping surface (26, 26') a surrounding pressure equalisation chamber (28) in the form of an annular groove, which chamber is connected to the pressure chamber (9) by at least one connecting duct (29), and that the annular seal (30) fitted between the pump cover (1) and the housing body (2) is provided radially outwardly of the pressure equalisation chamber (28).
2. A diaphram pump according to claim 1, characterised in that the annular groove serving as the pressure equalisation chamber (28) is provided in a face of the housing body (2) and is connected at at least one position to the pressure chamber (9) by the connecting duct (29) which ist also provided in the housing body (2).
3. A diaphram pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the connecting duct (29) extends from the geodisically highest point of the pressure equalisation chamber (28) to the geodisically highest point of the pressure chamber (9, 22, 20).
4. A diaphram pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the diaphram (10) exhibits at the outer edge (26') of its clamping surface (26) an appreciably lesser thickness than in the vicinity of its main body.
5. A diaphram pump according to claim 4, characterised in that the thickness of the attenuated diaphram clamping edge (26') amounts to approximately 5-20 % of the thickness of the main body of the diaphram (10).
6. A diaphram pump according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the width of the outer clamping edge (26') of the diaphram (10) is at least ten times its thickness.
EP81110720A 1980-12-29 1981-12-23 Diaphragm pump with a pressure relieved diaphragm Expired EP0055467B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81110720T ATE10670T1 (en) 1980-12-29 1981-12-23 DIAPHRAGM PUMP WITH RELIEVED CLAMPED DIAPHRAGM.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3049341 1980-12-29
DE3049341 1980-12-29

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EP0055467A1 EP0055467A1 (en) 1982-07-07
EP0055467B1 true EP0055467B1 (en) 1984-12-05

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US (1) US4430048A (en)
EP (1) EP0055467B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57146078A (en)
AT (1) ATE10670T1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0055467A1 (en) 1982-07-07
ATE10670T1 (en) 1984-12-15
JPS6331673B2 (en) 1988-06-24
US4430048A (en) 1984-02-07
JPS57146078A (en) 1982-09-09

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