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EP0048628A1 - Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Industriegasen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Industriegasen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048628A1
EP0048628A1 EP81304375A EP81304375A EP0048628A1 EP 0048628 A1 EP0048628 A1 EP 0048628A1 EP 81304375 A EP81304375 A EP 81304375A EP 81304375 A EP81304375 A EP 81304375A EP 0048628 A1 EP0048628 A1 EP 0048628A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
bed
heat transfer
gases
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81304375A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Loren Jens Hov
Klaus Werner Mueller
Desmond Colm Mccarthy
Norman Randolph Olsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stauffer Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Stauffer Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stauffer Chemical Co filed Critical Stauffer Chemical Co
Publication of EP0048628A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048628A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
    • F23G7/068—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator using regenerative heat recovery means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improvement in an apparatus for the combustion of industrial waste gases and is more particularly related to the combustion of waste gases with the extraction of usable energy in an economical and highly effective apparatus.
  • Hays describes a heat exchanger design in a steam generator wherein an elongated bed of particulate mass is located about vertical heat transfer-conduits and a mixture of combustible gases is passed vertically through-the mass of particles. A surface combustion effect is obtained, resulting in a substantial rise in the temperature of the gases, to effect heat transfer to the heat transfer fluid.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,967,094 to Mitchell provides for a waste heat boiler which mixes the waste gases with additional air and fuel in a central gas mixing zone to provide for sufficient combustion to elevate the temperature of the gases above a threshhold temperature level.
  • Mitchell proposes to reach the threshhold temperature level by catalytic action of combustion promoters.
  • the gas mixing zone is an elongated vertical cylindrical zone which is surrounded by an annular bed of particles, the gases passing laterally from the central mixing chamber to burn in the annular bed at a high surface combustion rate.
  • Elongated heat transfer conduits are passed vertically through the annular bed in closely spaced, staggered arrangement to provide for a baffled flow of gases over the tubes to continually remix the gases thereby providing high heat transfer rates.
  • Mitchell eliminates high pressure drops and uneven temperature patterns said to exist in Hays, but requires the baffled flow of gases over the heat transfer conduits, necessitating a complicated tube arrangement, to affect high heat transfer rates.
  • an apparatus for processing industrial gases of the type having a centrally disposed chamber, at least three separate heat-exchange beds disposed around the periphery of the chamber, each bed containing heat exchange packing elements, an inlet means coupled to each bed for conducting gases to the bed for passage therethrough into the chamber, an outlet means coupled to each bed for conducting gases away from the bed after the gases have passed outwardly from the chamber through the bed, and a heating means for providing heat to the chamber, the improvement comprising at least one heat transfer conduit within each bed, a means for introducing heat transfer fluid to the conduit and means for withdrawing heat transfer fluid from the conduit.
  • the invention further provides an apparatus for processing industrial gases of the type having a centrally disposed chamber, at least three separate heat exchange beds disposed around the periphery of the chamber, each bed containing heat exchange packing elements, an inlet means coupled to each bed for conducting gases to the bed for passage therethrough into the chamber, an outlet means coupled to each bed for conducting gases away from the bed after the gases have passed outwardly from the chamber through the bed and a heating means for providing heat to the chamber, the improvement comprising at least one heat transfer conduit within the chamber, a means for intro- ⁇ ducing heat transfer fluid to the conduit and means for withdrawing heat transfer fluid from the conduit.
  • the apparatus of this invention is an improvement over the apparatus described in U.S. Patent No. 3,895,918 to Mueller. As indicated previously, the entire disclosure of this patent is incorporated herein by reference. For a more detailed description of the apparatus, the reader is referred to that patent.
  • the apparatus for processing industrial gases, generally designated (10).
  • the gases are usually combustible waste gases and may include entrained liquids, solids and/or a fuel which may be ignited.
  • the apparatus comprises three heat exchange beds (12, 13 and 14) containing heat exchange elements (11), e.g. ceramic packing elements:
  • the beds (12, 13 and 14) are, preferably, disposed substantially equiangularly around the periphery of a central purification chamber (30). Waste gases from industrial or other processes are conveyed to the beds (12, 13 and 14) by gas inlet (16).
  • Inlet (16) is connected to a distributor conduit (18) that can feed the gases to any of the heat exchange beds (12, 13 and 14).
  • the distributor conduit (18) is coupled by connecting pipes (19) to the bottoms of the flues (22, 23 and 24) associated with the beds (12, 13 and 14, respectively).
  • Damper valves (20) are used to control the flow of gas to any selected flue or flues and their associated heat exchange beds.
  • the damper valves (20) may be manually controlled, but alternatively may be arranged for electro-mechanical, pneumatic or other type operation and programming to follow a predetermined cycling.
  • the flue beds (22, 23 and 24) are contained within a vertical support structure (32, 33 and 34) having walls (25) made, for example, of metal, internally lined with refractory or other insulation material.
  • the beds (12, 13 and 14) are filled with heat exchange elements (11) made of, for example, ceramic or metallic elements such as those sold under the trademark "Interlox” or "Super Interlox” or “Super Interlox” by the Norton Chemical Company.
  • these elements (11) are held at the innermost portion of the bed by a plurality of canted refractory or metallic louvers (27) substantially adjacent to chamber (30), and at the outermost portion of the bed by a screen, mesh or plurality of louvers (28).
  • the elements (11) may be held at the innermost portion of the bed by a screen or mesh (27a) which is water cooled by the heat transfer conduits (50).
  • Each bed (12, 13 and 14) and flue (22, 23 and 24) is topped by a refractory lined metallic cover (26).
  • the central chamber (30) is generally cylindrical in cross-section, with a refractory lined dome (31).
  • the incoming gas after passing through damper valve (20) and connecting pipe (19) enters one of the flues (22, 23 and 24) and then passes through the screen (28) into and through the beds (12, 13 and 14) and over heat transfer conduits (50) (discussed below).
  • the particular bed which the gas enters depends upon the setting of damper valves (20) and (44).
  • the gas is then directed outward and upward through louvers (27) into the central chamber (30). Referring to FIG. 4, just outside of each set of louvers (27) there is an angled gas-deflecting baffle (35, 36 and 37).
  • the chamber (30) is furnished with a heating means, preferably at least one gas, electric or oil burner (39) projecting towards the center of the chamber (30) through an aperture formed in the curved wall (38).
  • Burner (39) in combination with the burning gas, may generate within chamber (30) an intense heat of the order of about 750°C. to about 1100°C., burning all of the gas and any impurities contained therein.
  • the heating means may be used just for igniting a gas which is sufficient to sustain combustion, may be used continuously to maintain an appropriate temperature for gases incapable of sustaining combustion or intermittently as the gas composition varies.
  • the oxidized and purified gas is then withdrawn from chamber (30), passing through a selected one of the other beds and over the conduits (50).
  • the gas may be moved through the apparatus by, for example, a negative pressure produced by the action of exhaust blower (40).
  • Blower (40) is connected by conduit section (41) and circular conduit (42) via valve (44) and conduit segments (46) to flues (22, 23 and 24).
  • the conduit segments (46) are connected to the flues (22, 23 and 24) at points higher on the vertical ⁇ support structures (32, 33 and 34) than the corresponding points at which connecting pipes (19) are connected.
  • At least one, and preferably a plurality of substantially vertical heat transfer conduits (50) are passed through each heat exchange bed (12, 13 and 14) and through the heat exchange elements (11). As indicated in FIG. 5, the conduits (50) are adjacent the central chamber (30). Alternatively, the heat transfer conduits (50) may pass through the central chamber. Preferably, the conduits (50) are vertical, but the invention is not to be so limited.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic view showing the placement of the heat transfer conduits (50a, 50b, and 50c), in relation to the central chamber (30), heat exchange bed (12, 13 and 14) and innermost louvers (27).
  • Configuration A shows vertical conduits 50a within the heat exchange bed
  • Configuration B shows vertical conduits 50b within the central chamber and adjacent the bed (12, 13 and 14)
  • Configuration C shows vertical conduits 50c within the bed (12, 13 and 14) and adjacent the central chamber (30), i.e., just outside louvers (27).
  • Configuration B and C are highly preferred. Configuration C allows for high efficiency of the conduits in transferring the heat to the heat exchange fluid.
  • FIG. 2A shows another embodiment of the conduits (50) wherein screen 27 (a)_holds elements (11) in the bed and the conduits (50) cool the screen while absorbing heat therefrom.
  • Conduits (50) may be placed in a closely nested and staggered arrangement to cause a continuous baffling of the flow of gas which is passed laterally over the conduits (50). This provides a continuous mixing of the gas.
  • the conduits (50) are within each bed adjacent to the central chamber (30) just outside louvers (27) and not nested and staggered. Such nesting and staggering of the conduits (50) is not required in the apparatus of this invention to obtain optimum heat recovery, although such configurations may be utilized.
  • conduits (50) are substantially surrounded by heat exchange elements (11).
  • High heat transfer rates to the conduits (50) and heat transfer fluid (e.g. water) within the conduits (50) are provided by radiation from the hot elements (11) surrounding the conduits (50) and by convection from the turbulent gas passing over the conduits (50).
  • the temperature during combustion can reach a level of about 950°C. to about 1100°C. during the transfer of the gas through the beds.
  • the gas is then rapidly cooled during its transfer through the bed through which it exits.
  • the bed through which it exits also has vertical heat transfer conduits (50) contained therein. This provides for the efficient extraction of a large portion of the heat from the gases.
  • the heat transfer fluid is preferably water.
  • a steam drum (52) is located above the chamber_(30) on its centerline.
  • the steam drum (52) is connected by conduits (50) (or via headers-not shown) to, for example, mud drums (54) at the lower end of the apparatus.
  • One or more downcomer pipes (56), external to beds (11, 12 and 13) connect the steam drum (52) to the mud drum (54).
  • Such a boiler configuration permits natural convection circulation and may be utilized with any of the conduit configurations depicted in FIG. 2 or 2A. Steam which is formed as a result of heat exchange to the conduits (5 0 ) is returned through the conduits (50) to the steam drum (52) for transfer to a desired location.
  • FIG. 6 depicts inward facing expansion loops (60) in the headers to conduits (50). This permits the expansion of the header during heating.
  • the apparatus operates in a similar manner to that depicted in U.S. Patent 3,895,918 to Mueller, with the exception that excess heat above that required to raise the gases to combustion temperatures is utilized to produce steam, hot water, etc.
  • the apparatus of this invention may have any number of beds and associated baffles, inlet and outlet valves, etc.
  • the various heat exchange beds may have associated therewith or incorporated therein a catalytic material.
  • the catalysts may be any one of the known catalysts suitable for the chemical reaction involved, such as the conversion, for example J , of nitrous oxide into nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • the particular catalyst used will depend on many things such as the inlet gas temperature, the type of noxious fumes being treated, the type and size of the heat exchange elements, etc.
  • the unit is designed to incinerate gas at a specified temperature for a specified length of time or longer.
  • a typical temperature is 1600°F. (871°C.) for 2 seconds.
  • Such a unit will also be designed for a maximum gas flow rate.
  • the design firing rate is fixed at a maximum to accommodate start-ups and variations in the energy (BTU) content of the gases, if any.
  • the energy recovery chambers are then designed to achieve a desired efficiency.
  • a unit may be designed for a 25,000 SC F M, 1600°F. (871°C.) for 2 seconds with a varying BTU content in the gases to be incinerated.
  • a frequent source of gases requiring incineration are from processes where hydrocarbons or solvents are being evolved, such as in plastics manufacture. The solvents from this process are usually mixed with large quantities of air. These gases must be collected and incinerated to meet OSHA or other standards for worker protection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
EP81304375A 1980-09-23 1981-09-23 Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Industriegasen Withdrawn EP0048628A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18987180A 1980-09-23 1980-09-23
US189871 1988-05-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048628A1 true EP0048628A1 (de) 1982-03-31

Family

ID=22699110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81304375A Withdrawn EP0048628A1 (de) 1980-09-23 1981-09-23 Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Industriegasen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0048628A1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57501646A (de)
CA (1) CA1181639A (de)
WO (1) WO1982001055A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2529303A1 (fr) * 1982-06-23 1983-12-30 Regenerative Environ Equip Appareil d'incineration vertical a recuperation thermique

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2735041B1 (fr) * 1995-06-07 1997-07-11 Gec Alsthom Stein Ind Reacteur a lits fluidises pour le traitement thermique des dechets

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3543700A (en) * 1969-07-07 1970-12-01 Environmental Control Products Air purifying incinerator apparatus
US3895918A (en) * 1973-01-16 1975-07-22 James H Mueller High efficiency, thermal regeneration anti-pollution system
DE2951525A1 (de) * 1978-12-26 1980-07-17 Nittetsu Kakoki Kk Verfahren fuer die behandlung eines gases zum entfernen von verunreinigungen

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2048446A (en) * 1933-04-13 1936-07-21 Joseph W Hays Steam boiler and fluid heater
US2336833A (en) * 1942-02-19 1943-12-14 Badenhausen John Phillips Steam generator
US2818049A (en) * 1954-08-05 1957-12-31 Combustion Eng Method of heating
US2967094A (en) * 1959-07-31 1961-01-03 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Fired surface combustion or catalytic gas boiler
US4154197A (en) * 1977-09-19 1979-05-15 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Packaged fluidized bed steam generator
US4184455A (en) * 1978-04-10 1980-01-22 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed heat exchanger utilizing angularly extending heat exchange tubes

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3543700A (en) * 1969-07-07 1970-12-01 Environmental Control Products Air purifying incinerator apparatus
US3895918A (en) * 1973-01-16 1975-07-22 James H Mueller High efficiency, thermal regeneration anti-pollution system
DE2951525A1 (de) * 1978-12-26 1980-07-17 Nittetsu Kakoki Kk Verfahren fuer die behandlung eines gases zum entfernen von verunreinigungen

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2529303A1 (fr) * 1982-06-23 1983-12-30 Regenerative Environ Equip Appareil d'incineration vertical a recuperation thermique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57501646A (de) 1982-09-09
WO1982001055A1 (en) 1982-04-01
CA1181639A (en) 1985-01-29

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

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17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19820904

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19850513

ITCP It: supplementary protection certificate

Spc suppl protection certif: CCP 150

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: MCCARTHY, DESMOND COLM

Inventor name: HOV, LOREN JENS

Inventor name: OLSEN, NORMAN RANDOLPH

Inventor name: MUELLER, KLAUS WERNER