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EP0047013A1 - Subcutaneously implantable lead with drug dispenser means - Google Patents

Subcutaneously implantable lead with drug dispenser means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0047013A1
EP0047013A1 EP81106829A EP81106829A EP0047013A1 EP 0047013 A1 EP0047013 A1 EP 0047013A1 EP 81106829 A EP81106829 A EP 81106829A EP 81106829 A EP81106829 A EP 81106829A EP 0047013 A1 EP0047013 A1 EP 0047013A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drug
lead
electrode
implantable lead
body implantable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81106829A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0047013B1 (en
Inventor
Kenneth B. Stokes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Medtronic Inc
Original Assignee
Medtronic Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Medtronic Inc filed Critical Medtronic Inc
Publication of EP0047013A1 publication Critical patent/EP0047013A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0047013B1 publication Critical patent/EP0047013B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • A61K9/0024—Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
    • A61M31/002—Devices for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/02—Access sites
    • A61M39/0208—Subcutaneous access sites for injecting or removing fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
    • A61N1/0565—Electrode heads
    • A61N1/0568—Electrode heads with drug delivery
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/056—Transvascular endocardial electrode systems
    • A61N1/057—Anchoring means; Means for fixing the head inside the heart

Definitions

  • Electrodes for medical purposes are well known in the prior art.
  • An example of a device for this purpose is the well-known cardiac pacemaker.
  • the stimulation is delivered to the desired body site by an electrode carrying lead.
  • Interactions between the lead and body can vitiate the desired effects of the stimulation.
  • material reactions may encourage fibrosis.
  • fibrosis is believed to be a major factor in the increase in chronic threshold that is usually experienced.
  • mechanical trauma may result in inflammation of the tissue to be stimulated. Such inflammation may alter the response of the tissue to the stimulation energy, both acutely and chronically.
  • the body portion to be stimulated is irritable.
  • the placement of a lead may compound this irritability.
  • the placement of a pacemaking lead may induce a cardiac arrhythmia.
  • the presence of the lead may also promote thrombus formation.
  • the lead may be configured to reduce mechanical trauma and the response of irritable tissue during lead placement.
  • Materials may be selected for the lead body and electrodes to minimize fibrosis. Thrombus formation may.. also be countered by the administration of suitable drugs. It is also known that a systemic treatment with steroids results in acute reduction in the threshold level.
  • the present invention provides a body implantable lead for the delivery of stimulation energy to a desired body site which may be configured and constructed in accordance with known techniques while ameliorating the effects of undesirable interactions between the lead and body.
  • a drug dispenser is carried by the lead and includes a member for retaining the drug to be dispensed while allowing a dispensing of that drug at least adjacent the desired body stimulation site.
  • the drug may be one intended to counter thrombus formation, fibrosis, inflammation, or arrhythmias, or any combination thereof, or to accomplish any other desirable localized purpose.
  • the drug may be retained in liquid form in a reservoir including an agency for controlling the dispensing of the drug.
  • the agency may be a semi-permeable membrane or, alternatively, the reservoir may be formed as an osmotic pump.
  • the drug may be carried as a coating on a high surface area portion of the lead, or an electrode carried by the lead.
  • the drug is compounded into a solid material with that solid material being carried by the. lead adjacent the electrode.
  • the lead carries a tip electrode at its distal end with the drug being dispensed through the tip electrode.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a portion of a lead constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention including a lead body 10 formed of a conductor 11 and insulating sheath 12 and carrying at its distal end a tip electrode 13.
  • the conductor 11 extends between the tip electrode 13 and a source of stimulation energy, in known manner.
  • the conductor 11 is formed as a helically wound conductor, also in known manner.
  • a drug dispenser indicated generally at 14 is carried by the lead and has tines 15 extending therefrom. Tines 15 are of known design and form no part of the present invention aside from forming a portion of the disclosed preferred embodiments thereof.
  • FIG 2 is a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in Figure 1 and illustrates drug dispenser 14 as an osmotic pump of generally known design.
  • Pump 14 has inner and outer chambers 16 and 17, respectively, separated by an impermeable membrane 18.
  • a semi-permeable membrane 19 forms the outer wall of chamber 17 while an extension 20 of electrode 13 extends into the chamber 16.
  • the electrode 13 and its extension 20 are formed of a conductive material.
  • the conductor 11 extends from the lead body 10 into the chamber 16 and into electrical communication with the extension 20 of electrode 13.
  • the extension 20 of electrode 13 may be crimped as at 21 to maintain the electrical communication between it and the conductor 11.
  • a seal 22 is provided in the chamber walls 18 and 19 at the point at which the conductor 11 passes through them.
  • An end cap 23 closes the chamber 16.
  • the chamber 16 Prior to implantation, the chamber 16 is charged with a drug to be dispensed.
  • the drug may be any suitable drug intended to accomplish any desirable localized purpose.
  • the drug may be one intended to counter thrombus formation, fibrosis, inflammation, or arrhythmias, or any combination of drugs intended to accomplish one or more of those purposes, or any drug or combination of drugs intended to accomplish any other desirable localized purpose or purposes.
  • the chamber 16 is charged through the extension 20 of electrode 13 with the drug passing into the chamber 16 between the coils of conductor 11 at the location between the end of the extension 20 of the electrode 13 and the seal 22.
  • FIG 3 illustrates the outward configuration of a portion of a lead constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiments of Figures 4-6.
  • like reference numerals indicate like elements including lead body 10, formed of conductor 11 and sheath 12, and tines 15.
  • a distal tip electrode 13 is indicated generally at 13 in Figure 3 as is a drug dispenser 14.
  • a tip electrode 111 is carried at the distal end of the lead and has a central bore which is filled with a solid material 24 which will be discussed more fully below.
  • the electrode 13' extends from the distal end of the lead into electrical communication with the conductor 11. Electrical communication between the electrode 13' and conductor 11 may be established and maintained in any known manner.
  • Material 24 within the central bore in electrode 13' is a complete material formed by compounding the drug to be dispensed, in solid form, with a solid material suitable for use as a carrier so as to form a permeable structure that allows the body fluids to enter and extract the compounded drug.
  • the compounded drug must be water soluble.
  • the carrier material may be a suitable silicone that is compounded with the drug to be dispensed and then placed in the central bore in the electrode 13'.
  • the drug may be dispensed through the electrode 13' from the central bore of .the electrode 13'.
  • ports may be provided between the central bore of electrode 13' to the sheath of the lead or side of the electrode as indicated at 25 to provide additional dispensing locations adjacent the electrode 13'.
  • the central bore through the electrode 13' may be plugged with the dispensing being accomplished through the ports 25. Any number of ports 25 may be employed.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention as viewed along the line 4-4 in Figure 3.
  • a tip electrode 13" again has a central bore.
  • that bore is closed by a semi-permeable membrane 26. Closing of the bore in electrode 13" by the membrane 26 forms a reservoir 27 within the bore.
  • An access port 28 is provided through the sidewall of the seath to allow access to the reservoir 27.
  • the member forming the access port 28 may be a self-sealing material such as silicone rubber which may be penetrated, as by a syringe, to charge the reservoir 27 while sealing the puncture from the syringe on withdrawal, in known manner.
  • the reservoir 27 may be charged with'any suitable drug that it is desired to dispense and which has a molecular structure that will allow passage through the semi-permeable membrane to be dispensed by diffusion, in known manner.
  • Figure 6 illustrates yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention as viewed along the line 4-4 in Figure 3.
  • the electrode 13"1 is formed of a sintered material, titanium, for example. Sintering of the electrode material provides a high surface area on which the drug to be dispensed may be deposited as a coating.
  • the sintered electrode may be coated with the drug to be dispensed at the time of manufacture. Alternatively, the coating may be selectively applied at or prior to the time of implant of the lead.
  • Figure 4 discloses an embodiment wherein the drug to be dispensed is compounded so as to form a composite material. That same process may be employed to form a composite material which may be employed to form the sheath 12 of the lead, the tines 15 or both.
  • drugs to accomplish specific purposes are discussed herein, the invention is not limited to drugs that are useful to accomplish only those purposes.
  • the particular conductor and sheath configurations form no part of the present invention. Indeed, the disclosed electrode configurations may be varied without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A body implantable lead for the delivery of stimulation energy to a desired body site including a drug dispenser . carried by the lead which retains a drug to be dispensed while allowing a dispensing of that drug at least adjacent the desired body stimulation site. The drug may be one which is intended to counter thrombus formation, fibrosis, inflammation or arrhythmias, or any combination thereof, or to accomplish any other localized purpose. The drug may be in liquid form retained in a reservoir carried by the lead with an agency controlling dispensing of the drug. The controlling agency may be a semi-permeable membrane. Alternatively, the reservoir may be formed as an osmotic pump. As a further alternative, the drug may be retained as a coating on a large surface area portion of the lead, or an electrode carried by the lead. In a preferred embodiment, the drug is compounded into a solid material which is carried by the lead while being exposed to body tissues and flesh or fluids at least adjacent the desired stimulation site.

Description

    Background of Prior Art
  • Electrical stimulation of the body for medical purposes is well known in the prior art. An example of a device for this purpose is the well-known cardiac pacemaker. In the pacemaker context, as well as other body stimulation contexts, the stimulation is delivered to the desired body site by an electrode carrying lead.
  • Interactions between the lead and body can vitiate the desired effects of the stimulation. For example, material reactions may encourage fibrosis. In the pacemaking context, fibrosis is believed to be a major factor in the increase in chronic threshold that is usually experienced. Also, mechanical trauma may result in inflammation of the tissue to be stimulated. Such inflammation may alter the response of the tissue to the stimulation energy, both acutely and chronically.
  • Other interactions between the lead and body, while not directly affecting the response of the tissue to the stimulation energy, can result in the occurrence of undesirable events. In some circumstances where electrical body stimulation is indicated, the body portion to be stimulated is irritable. The placement of a lead may compound this irritability. For example, the placement of a pacemaking lead may induce a cardiac arrhythmia. The presence of the lead may also promote thrombus formation.
  • The interactions noted above have long been recognized and efforts made to ameliorate their consequences. For example, the lead may be configured to reduce mechanical trauma and the response of irritable tissue during lead placement. Materials may be selected for the lead body and electrodes to minimize fibrosis. Thrombus formation may.. also be countered by the administration of suitable drugs. It is also known that a systemic treatment with steroids results in acute reduction in the threshold level.
  • The administration of drugs to counter the undesirable interactions between the lead and body noted above has not gained widespread acceptance in that it has heretofore required a systemic treatment to counter a localized interaction. Also, lead configuration must take into account other factors such as the efficiency of the delivery of the stimulation energy, the ease of lead placement, maintenance of the desired electrode position and reliability of the lead over extended periods of time. An accommodation of these interests has resulted in leads whose configuration necessarily results in undesirable interactions between the lead and body.
    • Brief Summary of the *Invention
  • The present invention provides a body implantable lead for the delivery of stimulation energy to a desired body site which may be configured and constructed in accordance with known techniques while ameliorating the effects of undesirable interactions between the lead and body. A drug dispenser is carried by the lead and includes a member for retaining the drug to be dispensed while allowing a dispensing of that drug at least adjacent the desired body stimulation site. The drug may be one intended to counter thrombus formation, fibrosis, inflammation, or arrhythmias, or any combination thereof, or to accomplish any other desirable localized purpose. The drug may be retained in liquid form in a reservoir including an agency for controlling the dispensing of the drug. The agency may be a semi-permeable membrane or, alternatively, the reservoir may be formed as an osmotic pump. The drug may be carried as a coating on a high surface area portion of the lead, or an electrode carried by the lead. In a preferred embodiment, the drug is compounded into a solid material with that solid material being carried by the. lead adjacent the electrode. Most preferably, the lead carries a tip electrode at its distal end with the drug being dispensed through the tip electrode.
    • Brief Description of the Drawings
    • Figure 1 illustrates a portion of a body implantable lead constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
    • Figure 2 illustrates a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in Figure 1.
    • Figure 3 illustrates the configuration of a portion of a lead constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiments illustrated in Figures 4-6.
    • Figures 4-6 illustrate alternative preferred embodiments viewed along the line 4-4 in Figure 3.
    Detailed Description of .the Invention
  • Figure 1 illustrates a portion of a lead constructed in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention including a lead body 10 formed of a conductor 11 and insulating sheath 12 and carrying at its distal end a tip electrode 13. The conductor 11 extends between the tip electrode 13 and a source of stimulation energy, in known manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the conductor 11 is formed as a helically wound conductor, also in known manner. A drug dispenser indicated generally at 14 is carried by the lead and has tines 15 extending therefrom. Tines 15 are of known design and form no part of the present invention aside from forming a portion of the disclosed preferred embodiments thereof.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in Figure 1 and illustrates drug dispenser 14 as an osmotic pump of generally known design. Pump 14 has inner and outer chambers 16 and 17, respectively, separated by an impermeable membrane 18. A semi-permeable membrane 19 forms the outer wall of chamber 17 while an extension 20 of electrode 13 extends into the chamber 16. As is apparent to those skilled in the art, the electrode 13 and its extension 20 are formed of a conductive material.
  • The conductor 11 extends from the lead body 10 into the chamber 16 and into electrical communication with the extension 20 of electrode 13. The extension 20 of electrode 13 may be crimped as at 21 to maintain the electrical communication between it and the conductor 11. A seal 22 is provided in the chamber walls 18 and 19 at the point at which the conductor 11 passes through them. An end cap 23 closes the chamber 16.
  • Prior to implantation, the chamber 16 is charged with a drug to be dispensed. The drug may be any suitable drug intended to accomplish any desirable localized purpose. For example, the drug may be one intended to counter thrombus formation, fibrosis, inflammation, or arrhythmias, or any combination of drugs intended to accomplish one or more of those purposes, or any drug or combination of drugs intended to accomplish any other desirable localized purpose or purposes. The chamber 16 is charged through the extension 20 of electrode 13 with the drug passing into the chamber 16 between the coils of conductor 11 at the location between the end of the extension 20 of the electrode 13 and the seal 22. After the chamber 16 is charged and the lead implanted, body fluids will enter the chamber 17 through the semi-permeable membrane 19 to impart a pressure on the chamber 16 via the impermeable membrane 18. This will result in a dispensing of the drug within the chamber 16 through the extension 20 of the electrode 13 and the electrode 13.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the outward configuration of a portion of a lead constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiments of Figures 4-6. Throughout the figures, like reference numerals indicate like elements including lead body 10, formed of conductor 11 and sheath 12, and tines 15. A distal tip electrode 13 is indicated generally at 13 in Figure 3 as is a drug dispenser 14.
  • Referring now to Figure 4, there is illustrated a preferred embodiment of the present invention as viewed along the line 4-4 in Figure 3. A tip electrode 111 is carried at the distal end of the lead and has a central bore which is filled with a solid material 24 which will be discussed more fully below. The electrode 13' extends from the distal end of the lead into electrical communication with the conductor 11. Electrical communication between the electrode 13' and conductor 11 may be established and maintained in any known manner.
  • Material 24 within the central bore in electrode 13' is a complete material formed by compounding the drug to be dispensed, in solid form, with a solid material suitable for use as a carrier so as to form a permeable structure that allows the body fluids to enter and extract the compounded drug. For this purpose, the compounded drug must be water soluble. The carrier material may be a suitable silicone that is compounded with the drug to be dispensed and then placed in the central bore in the electrode 13'. The drug may be dispensed through the electrode 13' from the central bore of .the electrode 13'. Additionally, ports may be provided between the central bore of electrode 13' to the sheath of the lead or side of the electrode as indicated at 25 to provide additional dispensing locations adjacent the electrode 13'. Alternatively, the central bore through the electrode 13' may be plugged with the dispensing being accomplished through the ports 25. Any number of ports 25 may be employed.
  • Figure 5 illustrates yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention as viewed along the line 4-4 in Figure 3. In the embodiment of Figure 5, a tip electrode 13" again has a central bore. However, in the embodiment of Figure 5 that bore is closed by a semi-permeable membrane 26. Closing of the bore in electrode 13" by the membrane 26 forms a reservoir 27 within the bore. An access port 28 is provided through the sidewall of the seath to allow access to the reservoir 27. The member forming the access port 28 may be a self-sealing material such as silicone rubber which may be penetrated, as by a syringe, to charge the reservoir 27 while sealing the puncture from the syringe on withdrawal, in known manner. The reservoir 27 may be charged with'any suitable drug that it is desired to dispense and which has a molecular structure that will allow passage through the semi-permeable membrane to be dispensed by diffusion, in known manner.
  • Figure 6 illustrates yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention as viewed along the line 4-4 in Figure 3. In Figure 6, the electrode 13"1 is formed of a sintered material, titanium, for example. Sintering of the electrode material provides a high surface area on which the drug to be dispensed may be deposited as a coating. The sintered electrode may be coated with the drug to be dispensed at the time of manufacture. Alternatively, the coating may be selectively applied at or prior to the time of implant of the lead.
  • Obviously, many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. For example, Figure 4 discloses an embodiment wherein the drug to be dispensed is compounded so as to form a composite material. That same process may be employed to form a composite material which may be employed to form the sheath 12 of the lead, the tines 15 or both. Also, while drugs to accomplish specific purposes are discussed herein, the invention is not limited to drugs that are useful to accomplish only those purposes. Further, apart from forming a part of the delivery system for the electrical stimulation energy, the particular conductor and sheath configurations form no part of the present invention. Indeed, the disclosed electrode configurations may be varied without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.

Claims (15)

1. In a body implantable lead for the delivery of stimulation energy to a desired body site of the type having at least one electrode carried by the lead, said electrode being adapted for positioning at least adjacent said desired body site, the improvement wherein said lead further comprises drug dispenser means carried by said lead and including means for retaining a drug to be dispensed while allowing a dispensing _ pf said drug at least adjacent the distal end of said lead.
2. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said drug counters thrombus formation.
3. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said drug counter fibrosis.
4. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said drug counters inflammation.
5. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said drug counters arrhythmias.
6. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said drug retaining means comprises reservoir means, said drug being in liquid form and said reservoir means comprising means for controlling the dispensing of said drug.
7. The body implantable lead of Claim 6 wherein said drug dispensing controlling means comprises semi-permeable membrane means.
8. The body implantable lead of Claim 6 wherein said reservoir means and drug dispensing controlling means form osmotic pump means.
9. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said electrode is formed of a sintered, conductive material, said drug being retained as a coating on said electrode.
10. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said drug is compounded into a solid material, said solid material being carried by said lead adjacent said distal end.
11. The body implantable lead of Claim 10 wherein said solid material forms at least a portion of the body of said lead.
12. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said electrode comprises a distal tip electrode, said drug being dispensed through said tip electrode.
13. The body implantable lead of Claim 1 wherein said electrode comprises a distal tip electrode, said drug being dispensed at least adjacent said tip electrode.
14. The body implantable lead of Claim 13 wherein said drug is dispensed through said tip electrode.
15. The body implantable lead of Claim 14 wherein said drug is compounded into a solid material, said solid material being carried by said lead at least partially within said tip electrode.
EP81106829A 1980-09-02 1981-09-01 Subcutaneously implantable lead with drug dispenser means Expired EP0047013B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US18296380A 1980-09-02 1980-09-02
US182963 1988-04-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0047013A1 true EP0047013A1 (en) 1982-03-10
EP0047013B1 EP0047013B1 (en) 1986-01-22

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EP81106829A Expired EP0047013B1 (en) 1980-09-02 1981-09-01 Subcutaneously implantable lead with drug dispenser means

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US (1) US4711251B1 (en)
EP (1) EP0047013B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS625174Y2 (en)
CA (1) CA1174284A (en)
DE (1) DE3173564D1 (en)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4506680A (en) * 1983-03-17 1985-03-26 Medtronic, Inc. Drug dispensing body implantable lead
US4577642A (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-03-25 Medtronic, Inc. Drug dispensing body implantable lead employing molecular sieves and methods of fabrication
US4606118A (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-08-19 Medtronic, Inc. Method of making a drug dispensing body
EP0233986A1 (en) * 1985-08-12 1987-09-02 Fresenius AG Intraperitoneal catheter for the administration of liquid medicines, particularly insulin
DE3739826A1 (en) * 1986-11-24 1988-07-14 Telectronics Nv IMPLANTABLE STIMULATION LINE FOR A HEART PACEMAKER
FR2616072A1 (en) * 1987-06-04 1988-12-09 Ela Medical Sa IMPROVEMENTS AT THE CONDUCTIVE END OF HEART STIMULATION PROBES
US4819661A (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-04-11 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Positive fixation cardiac electrode with drug elution capabilities
US4844099A (en) * 1986-11-24 1989-07-04 Telectronics, N.V. Porous pacemaker electrode tip using a porous substrate
EP0361762A2 (en) * 1988-09-22 1990-04-04 Med Institute, Inc. Apparatus for treating tissue
US4922926A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-05-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for delivering medications in an implantable medical device
EP0388480A1 (en) * 1989-03-20 1990-09-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Implantable stimulation electrode
EP0468636A1 (en) * 1990-06-18 1992-01-29 Boaz Avitall Implantable iontophoretic delivery system
EP0491082A1 (en) * 1990-12-19 1992-06-24 Peter Dr. Ing. Osypka Pacemaker lead with an inner duct and with an electrode head
WO1993021973A1 (en) * 1992-04-24 1993-11-11 Loma Linda University Medical Center Cerebrospinal fluid shunt capable of minimal invasive revision
FR2693115A1 (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-01-07 Celsa Lg Implantable cardiac stimulation electrical unit - retards the medicament distribution near to electrode until electrode is positioned at stimulation area
EP0627237A1 (en) * 1991-06-26 1994-12-07 Hector Osvaldo Trabucco Pacemaker
WO1997029802A2 (en) * 1996-02-20 1997-08-21 Advanced Bionics Corporation Improved implantable microstimulator and systems employing the same
WO1998051369A1 (en) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-19 Edwards Stuart D Global medical treatment method and apparatus
WO2000067839A1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2000-11-16 Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Method and apparatus for inducing ventricular arrhythmias in test animals
WO2007112520A2 (en) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-11 Lesors B.V.B.A. Implantable venous perfusion device
US8573398B2 (en) 2002-05-28 2013-11-05 Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp Refillable flexible sheet dispenser

Families Citing this family (172)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4819662A (en) * 1987-10-26 1989-04-11 Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Cardiac electrode with drug delivery capabilities
US6146358A (en) 1989-03-14 2000-11-14 Cordis Corporation Method and apparatus for delivery of therapeutic agent
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US4711251B1 (en) 1994-06-28
JPS625174Y2 (en) 1987-02-05
JPS5770343U (en) 1982-04-28
US4711251A (en) 1987-12-08
EP0047013B1 (en) 1986-01-22
CA1174284A (en) 1984-09-11
DE3173564D1 (en) 1986-03-06

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