EP0042024B1 - Method of producing at the site and without formwork masonry partition walls in reinforced concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of making reinforced concrete structures on site uses horizontal upper and lower channels (5) with a central guide (2) to retain between them, rigid panels (1). These form supports for a layer of concrete (10,11) injected each side to form a vertical composite wall. These channels also have grooves down their sides to retain wire reinforcing grids (7,8) which are embedded in the concrete as it is applied while wet. Vertical wire reinforcing columns with diagonal wires are also incorporated, spanning the whole thickness of the composite panel. Adjacent panels can be connected by the projecting edges of the central panels. The composite panels can be made to a required thickness, and a coating layer can be applied afterwards.

Description

The invention relates to a process for the execution on site and without formwork, of reinforced concrete masonry partitions, especially in elevation, bearing and not.

We know that currently the reinforced concrete walls are cast in place using formwork, either prefabricated then transported and implemented.

The first involve a high incidence of labor, long execution times, multiple execution phases (such as formwork, reinforcement, casting, formwork) the impossibility of industrializing the work . The latter entail high transport costs, size, weight and technical limits (joints, assembly), limited formal freedom and reduced structural continuity. Furthermore, it is known that a reinforced concrete building wall can be made without formwork with the installation of a metallic structure for supporting the concrete and the subsequent projection of the concrete onto the said structure.

In particular, patent AU-B-421 207 shows a concrete support structure with horizontal and vertical beams framing a panel positioned between said beams and a metal net fixed to the beams opposite the panel; but this structure requires a lot of time for assembly and securing and, in addition, is very heavy because of the beams.

Again, patent FR-A-2 283 273 shows a concrete support structure with a plurality of vertical plates, close together on the same plane, provided with uneven surfaces constituting anchoring means for concrete; but this structure has only the function of lost formwork and does not allow the union of the plates between them nor the union of the elements carrying the floors of the building between them and, usually, allows the projection of the concrete on only one face of the structure.

Finally, US-A-1 960 961 shows a concrete support structure with vertical and horizontal framing profiles, the marginal wings of the vertical profiles making a mortise joint and two metal threads fixed to the profiles and directly opposing them. to define a hollow wall; but this structure makes it possible to realize walls of a small thickness and never bearing. The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks.

The invention, as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of producing on site and without formwork, reinforced concrete partitions, especially in elevation, bearing and not, mechanically projecting, for the desired thickness, the concrete on both sides of a structure prepared on the job and comprising: a series of panels, rigid, vertical, installed side by side between two parallel and opposite metal guides; a suitable number of lattices in the round of steel, interposed between said panels, the members of which, which are spaced from the faces of the panels, are anchored to two plates integral with said guides; two metal grids placed in front, but spaced on both sides of the panels and inked in said guides and said lattices.

The advantages obtained thanks to this invention consist essentially in that the execution time and the incidence of the workforce are considerably reduced, the formal freedom is maximum, the structural continuity is good, it is possible to include the thermo-acoustic insulation, it is also possible to prepare the openings for the doorways and windows, as well as for the pipes relating to electrical and hydrothermal sanitary installations; in addition to this, the technology used to spray concrete is that known as "spritz-concrete" whose particle size and plastic characteristics are therefore similar to those typical of castings made in formwork, but with this ultimate advantage consisting of better cohesion and resistance of the material, derived from the force with which it is projected and the low percentage of water.

In what follows, the invention is explained in more detail and with the aid of appended drawings representing only one embodiment.

Fig. 1 shows, in an axonometric exploded view, part of the support structure and of the concrete reinforcement for a masonry partition produced according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows, in perspective with section, a part of the finished vertical wall, produced according to the invention; Fig. 3 shows the detail of the vertical section of two coplanar partitions superimposed with an interposed floor, obtained according to the invention.

The figures represent a vertical wall of reinforced concrete obtained on site and without formwork.

• A) La préparation à pied d'oeuvre d'une structure composée d'une rangée de panneaux (1) rigides avant la fonction de support du béton-et dont une dimension est égale à la hauteur de la paroi à construire-installés de côte entre deux guides métalliques (2-3), parallèles et opposés et dont la longueur est au moins égale à la longueur des parois à construire; d'un ou plusieurs treillis, interposés entre les dits panneaux (1) à la distance préétablie, faisant la fonction de liaison structurale des semelles en béton armé, interne (10) et externe (11) par rapport à la cloison, dont les membrures (4) qui sont réparties de face et espacées des deux faces des panneaux (1), sont reliées entre elles par des diagonales (14) et ancrées à deux plaques d'extrémité (5-6) solidaires des sus-dits guides (2-3); de deux grillages métalliques (7-8) soudés éléctriquement, faisant fonction d'armature pour les semelles, interne (10) et externe (11) en béton armé, disposés de face et à bonne distance des panneaux (1) et dont les éléments transversaux sont soudés aux membrures (4) des dits treillis et dont les éléments longitudinaux sont soudés aux dites plaques d'extrémité (5-6) op-portunémént espacés, raison pour laquelle, les plaques (5-6) sont avantageusement pourvues d'éléments à entretoise (9).
• B) La mise en oeuvre de la structure sus-men- tionée de support et d'armature des deux smelles en béton armé et son assemblage avec les armatures se situant en dessous.
• C) La projection du béton sur les deux faces des panneaux (1) d'une épaisseur nécessaire pour obtenir les semelles (10) et (11): cette opération est effectuée avec la technique du spritz- béton.
• D) Finitinn des faces visibles avec une couche d'enduit (12) ou avec un autre type convenable de revêtement.

The process for its execution comprises the following phases:

• A) The on-the-job preparation of a structure composed of a row of rigid panels (1) before the concrete support function - and whose dimension is equal to the height of the wall to be built-installed side by side between two metal guides (2-3), parallel and opposite and whose length is at least equal to the length of the walls to be built; one or more trellis, interposed between said panels (1) at the predetermined distance, acting as a structural connection of the reinforced concrete footings, internal (10) and external (11) relative to the partition, including the members (4) which are distributed in front and spaced from the two faces of the panels (1), are interconnected by diagonals (14) and anchored to two end plates (5-6) integral with the said guides (2-3); two electrically welded metal grids (7-8), acting as reinforcement for the footings, internal (10) and external (11) in reinforced concrete, arranged in front and at a good distance from the panels (1) and the elements of which transverse are welded to the members (4) of said lattices and whose longitudinal elements are welded to said end plates (5-6) op-portunémént spaced, reason why, the plates (5-6) are advantageously provided with spacer elements (9).
• B) The implementation of the above-mentioned support and reinforcement structure of the two reinforced concrete struts and its assembly with the reinforcements located below.
• C) The projection of the concrete on the two faces of the panels (1) of a thickness necessary to obtain the footings (10) and (11): this operation is carried out with the technique of spritz-concrete.
• D) Finishing of the visible faces with a layer of plaster (12) or with another suitable type of coating.

Claims (4)

1. Method of producing at the site and without form work masonry partition walls in reinforced concrete requiring the preparation of a support structure and framework for concrete, the connection of the said structure, the spraying of concrete on both sides of the said structure, and the finishing of the visible surfaces of the walls obtained, characterized by the fact that the support structure and the framework for concrete are made up of:

- a series of rigid panels 1 having the edges installed between two metal guides 2-3;

- steel wire lattices 4 with rafters spaced from the panel surfaces 1 and fastened to two plates 5-6 connected to the said metal guides 2-3;

-two metal nets 7-8 spaced from the panels 1 and fastened to the lattices 4 and the plates 5-6.

2. Method according to claim 1) characterized by the fact that for the preparation of the support structure of concrete, the use of panels in thermoacoustic insulated material is required.

3. Method according to claim 1) characterized by the fact that for the preparation of the framework structure of the two slabs in reinforced concrete, the use of metallic elements in such a manner to obtain any reticular structure is required.

4. Method according to claim 1) characterized by the fact that during the preparation of the support structure and the framework of the two slabs in reinforced concrete, the arrangement of openings for doors and windows frames and sites for electric and hydro-thermo-sanitary fixtures is required.

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