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EP0041497B1 - Method and apparatus of cooling hot bulk materials - Google Patents

Method and apparatus of cooling hot bulk materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0041497B1
EP0041497B1 EP81890088A EP81890088A EP0041497B1 EP 0041497 B1 EP0041497 B1 EP 0041497B1 EP 81890088 A EP81890088 A EP 81890088A EP 81890088 A EP81890088 A EP 81890088A EP 0041497 B1 EP0041497 B1 EP 0041497B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bulk material
cooler
cooling
cooled
radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81890088A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0041497A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Dr. Beckmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Waagner Biro AG
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Waagner Biro AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/38—Arrangements of cooling devices
    • F27B7/383—Cooling devices for the charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0286—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • F27D15/0286—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft
    • F27D2015/0293—Cooling in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft including rotating parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/904—Radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cooling hot bulk material, such as. B. glowing coke, clinker or sinter in a bunker-shaped cooler and a device for performing the method.
  • a grate cooler is known after a rotary kiln, through which cooling air is blown in several partial flows to cool the clinker.
  • the less high-temperature cooling air streams are cooled in a heat exchanger for heating a drying gas before discharge into the chimney, rib-shaped baffle plates and baffles being provided for separating the clinker dust and for improving the heat transfer.
  • the higher-temperature cooling air flow is used for direct heat return to the rotary kiln, where it is used as combustion air.
  • DE-PS 492.943 discloses a coke dry cooling system in which radiant heating surfaces (FIG. 6) are provided above the hot coke bed. Since no storage devices are provided in the coke feed, a coke bucket filling is poured over the free surface in the cooling container. Hiebei only radiates the top layer, which at the same time strips the layers underneath, so that the bottom layers are only cooled by gas cooling. On the one hand, this causes only a minimal use of the radiant heat and, on the other hand, a constant decay and decay of the radiation in accordance with the rhythm of the coke bucket delivery. This leads to fluctuations in the steam generator output, that is, to heat-related difficulties which are to be remedied by the additional patent (DE-PS 498.745, column 1, lines 19, 20). For this purpose, the radiant heating surface is arranged steeper than the angle of the bulk material, with part of the heating surface being showered over by the bulk material.
  • the object of the present invention is to make the cooling surfaces independent of the abrasion and to improve their heat absorption capacity or to replace the cooling of the bulk material by the cooling gas as much as possible by removing the radiant heat.
  • the method according to the invention thus reduces the cross section of the cooling bunker or the gas velocity of the cooling gas at the outlet from the free surface of the bulk material and its dust entrainment, so that the dedusting problem is also simplified.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in terms of method by the combination of features specified in claim 1.
  • the device according to the invention for carrying out the method is characterized in that in a bunker-shaped cooler, through which the bulk material to be cooled passes, and in which the bulk material is cooled in the gas stream, above the outlet of the cooling gas from the cooler and above the free surface of the bulk material faces one Radiation cooling surface is provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conical cooler in which the bulk material is introduced via a central funnel 12 (bulk material feed). If bulk material is continuously drawn off at the underside of the conical end of the bunker-shaped cooler, the bulk material surface 3 lowers within the cooler and fresh hot bulk material is poured out of the central funnel 12 in the cooler, so that the radiant heating surfaces 4 are exposed to the intense heat radiation of the freshly poured bulk material be heated.
  • gas cooling is also provided, by means of which a cold cooling gas is fed to the already partially cooled bulk material via the fan 13 of a gas distribution device 14. The cooling gas flows upwards through the layers of the bulk material, is collected in the annular space 15 above the bulk material surface (3) and is fed to the recooling device 16 via the outlet 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a design variant of the bunker-shaped cooler for FIG. 1, in which the gas treatment zone 10 with the gas cooling 5 is formed separately from a bulk material receiver 7 with a free bulk material surface (19), in which the hot bulk material is formed solely by the radiant heating surface ( 17) is cooled.
  • This measure ensures that the cooling gas at its outlet 6 from the gas treatment zone has a significantly lower temperature, so that overheating in the gas line can be avoided with certainty.
  • a cooling device for hot carbon-containing bulk goods is shown, which were heated in a rotary kiln 17.
  • a radiant heating surface 4 is provided, via which the heat radiation emanating from the surface 3 of the bulk material is continuously dissipated.
  • the hot bulk material is cooled to such an extent that it does not continue to heat or burn in the gas treatment zone, even if air flows through it, and releases its heat to the gas or air, which is fed via line 18 into the rotary kiln is released and is used there for the combustion of part of the carbon contained in the bulk material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Kühlung von heißem Schüttgut, wie z. B. glühendem Koks, Klinker oder Sinter in einem bunkerförmigen Kühler und eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for cooling hot bulk material, such as. B. glowing coke, clinker or sinter in a bunker-shaped cooler and a device for performing the method.

Aus der DE-B 1 220 779 ist nach einem Drehrohrofen ein Rostkühler bekannt, durch den Kühlluft in mehreren Teilströmen zur Abkühlung des Klinkers eingeblasen wird. Die weniger hoch temperierten Kühlluftteilströme werden in einem Wärmetauscher zur Aufheizung eines Trocknungsgases vor Ableitung in den Kamin abgekühlt, wobei rippenförmige Prall- und Leitbleche zur Abscheidung des Klinkerstaubes und zur Verbesserung des Wärmeüberganges vorgesehen sind. Der höher temperierte Kühlluftstrom dient zur direkten Wärmerückführung in den Drehrohrofen, in dem er als Verbrennungsluft Verwendung findet.From DE-B 1 220 779 a grate cooler is known after a rotary kiln, through which cooling air is blown in several partial flows to cool the clinker. The less high-temperature cooling air streams are cooled in a heat exchanger for heating a drying gas before discharge into the chimney, rib-shaped baffle plates and baffles being provided for separating the clinker dust and for improving the heat transfer. The higher-temperature cooling air flow is used for direct heat return to the rotary kiln, where it is used as combustion air.

Um den Grundflächenbedarf zu verringern, sind Schachtkühler, wie sie in der GB-A 628 437 geoffenbart sind, bekannt geworden, bei welchen das Kühlgas in einem bunkerförmigen Kühler rückgekühlt wird. Bei diesen Einrichtungen wurden Maßnahmen zur Verhinderung der Überhitzung von Rückkühlflächen bekannt, indem Bypassschaltungen für die gefährdeten Heizflächen vorgesehen wurden. Diese Maßnahme verlagert aber die Überhitzung auf andere Heizflächen. Gemäß der US-A 3 730 849 wird zur Kühlung des heißen Schüttgutes ein Schachtkühler vorgeschlagen, in welchem Kühlrohre eingebaut sind, die vom heißen Schüttgut außen beaufschlagt werden.In order to reduce the footprint, shaft coolers, as disclosed in GB-A 628 437, have become known in which the cooling gas is recooled in a bunker-shaped cooler. In these facilities, measures to prevent overheating of recooling surfaces have become known by providing bypass circuits for the heating surfaces at risk. However, this measure shifts overheating to other heating surfaces. According to US Pat. No. 3,730,849, a shaft cooler is proposed for cooling the hot bulk material, in which cooling pipes are installed, which are acted upon by the hot bulk material on the outside.

Die DE-PS 492.943 offenbart eine Kokstrockenkühlanlage, bei der oberhalb der heißen Koksschüttung Strahlungsheizflächen (Fig. 6) vorgesehen sind. Da in der Kokszuführung keine Speichereinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, wird jeweils eine Kokskübelfüllung über die freie Oberfläche im Kühlbehälter geschüttet. Hiebei strahlt nur die oberste Schichte, die gleichzeitig die darunter liegenden Schichten abisoliert, so daß die unteren Schichten nur durch die Gaskühlung gekühlt werden. Dies bewirkt einerseits nur eine geringe Ausnützung der Strahlungswärme und andererseits ein stetes Auf- und Abklingen der Strahlung entsprechend dem Rhythmus der Kokskübelanlieferung. Dies führt zu Schwankungen in der Dampferzeugerleistung, also zu wärmewirtschaftlichen Schwierigkeiten, die durch das Zusatzpatent (DE-PS 498.745, Spalte 1, Zeilen 19, 20) behoben werden sollen. Hiezu wird die Strahlungsheizfläche steiler als der Schüttgutwinkel angeordnet, wobei ein Teil der Heizfläche vom Schüttgut berührend überschüttet wird.DE-PS 492.943 discloses a coke dry cooling system in which radiant heating surfaces (FIG. 6) are provided above the hot coke bed. Since no storage devices are provided in the coke feed, a coke bucket filling is poured over the free surface in the cooling container. Hiebei only radiates the top layer, which at the same time strips the layers underneath, so that the bottom layers are only cooled by gas cooling. On the one hand, this causes only a minimal use of the radiant heat and, on the other hand, a constant decay and decay of the radiation in accordance with the rhythm of the coke bucket delivery. This leads to fluctuations in the steam generator output, that is, to heat-related difficulties which are to be remedied by the additional patent (DE-PS 498.745, column 1, lines 19, 20). For this purpose, the radiant heating surface is arranged steeper than the angle of the bulk material, with part of the heating surface being showered over by the bulk material.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat es sich zur Aufgabe gestellt, die Kühlflächen vom Abrieb unabhängig zu gestalten, sowie deren Wärmeaufnahmefähigkeit zu verbessern bzw. die Kühlung des Schüttgutes durch das Kühlgas durch die Abfuhr der Strahlungswärme möglichst weitgehend zu ersetzen. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren verringert somit infolge der Verkleinerung des umzuwälzenden Gasvolumens den Querschnitt des Kühlbunkers bzw. die Gasgeschwindigkeit des Kühlgases am Austritt aus der freien Schüttgutoberfläche und dessen Staubmitnahme, so daß sich auch das Entstaubungsproblem vereinfacht.The object of the present invention is to make the cooling surfaces independent of the abrasion and to improve their heat absorption capacity or to replace the cooling of the bulk material by the cooling gas as much as possible by removing the radiant heat. As a result of the reduction in the volume of gas to be circulated, the method according to the invention thus reduces the cross section of the cooling bunker or the gas velocity of the cooling gas at the outlet from the free surface of the bulk material and its dust entrainment, so that the dedusting problem is also simplified.

Durch die in Anspruch 1 angegebene Merkmalkombination wird die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe verfahrensmäßig gelöst. Die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in einem bunkerförmigen Kühler, welchen das zu kühlende Schüttgut durchwandert, und in welchem das Schüttgut im Gasstrom gekühlt wird, oberhalb des Austrittes des Kühlgases aus dem Kühler und oberhalb der freien Schüttgutoberfläche dieser zugewendet eine Strahlungskühlfläche vorgesehen ist.The object of the invention is achieved in terms of method by the combination of features specified in claim 1. The device according to the invention for carrying out the method is characterized in that in a bunker-shaped cooler, through which the bulk material to be cooled passes, and in which the bulk material is cooled in the gas stream, above the outlet of the cooling gas from the cooler and above the free surface of the bulk material faces one Radiation cooling surface is provided.

Die Erfindung ist in den Fig. 1 bis 3 beispielsweise und schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 einen kegelförmigen Bunker
  • Figur 2 einen 2-teiligen Kühlbunker
  • Figur 3 einen Kühlbunker hinter einem Drehrohrofen.
The invention is shown for example and schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3. Show it
  • Figure 1 shows a conical bunker
  • Figure 2 shows a 2-part cooling bunker
  • Figure 3 shows a cooling bunker behind a rotary kiln.

In Fig. 1 ist ein kegelförmiger Kühler dargestellt, bei dem das Schüttgut über einen zentralen Trichter 12 (Schüttgutvorlage) eingebracht wird. Wird an der Unterseite des kegeligen Endes des bunkerförmigen Kühlers Schüttgut kontinuierlich abgezogen, so senkt sich die Schüttgutoberfläche 3 innerhalb des Kühlers und frisches heißes Schüttgut wird aus dem zentralen Trichter 12 im Kühler aufgeschüttet, so daß die Strahlungsheizflächen 4 durch die intensive Wärmebestrahlung des frisch aufgeschütteten Schüttgutes beheizt werden. Zur Intensivierung der Kühlung ist darüber hinaus eine Gaskühlung vorgesehen, mittels welcher ein kaltes Kühlgas über das Gebläse 13 einer Gasverteileinrichtung 14 dem bereits teilweise abgekühlten Schüttgut zugeführt wird. Das Kühlgas strömt durch die Schichten des Schüttgutes hin nach oben, wird im ringförmigem Raum 15 oberhalb der Schüttgutoberfläche (3) gesammelt und über den Austritt 6 der Rückkühleinrichtung 16 zugeführt.1 shows a conical cooler in which the bulk material is introduced via a central funnel 12 (bulk material feed). If bulk material is continuously drawn off at the underside of the conical end of the bunker-shaped cooler, the bulk material surface 3 lowers within the cooler and fresh hot bulk material is poured out of the central funnel 12 in the cooler, so that the radiant heating surfaces 4 are exposed to the intense heat radiation of the freshly poured bulk material be heated. To intensify the cooling, gas cooling is also provided, by means of which a cold cooling gas is fed to the already partially cooled bulk material via the fan 13 of a gas distribution device 14. The cooling gas flows upwards through the layers of the bulk material, is collected in the annular space 15 above the bulk material surface (3) and is fed to the recooling device 16 via the outlet 6.

In Fig. 2 ist eine Konstruktionsvariante des bunkerförmigen Kühlers zu Fig. 1 dargestellt, bei welcher die Gasbehandlungszone 10 mit der Gaskühlung 5 getrennt von einer Schüttgutvorlage 7 mit einer freien Schüttgutoberfläche (19) ausgebildet ist, in welcher das heiße Schüttgut allein durch die Strahlungsheizfläche (17) abgekühlt wird. Durch diese Maßnahme wird erreicht, daß das Kühlgas bei seinem Austritt 6 aus der Gasbehandlungszone eine bedeutend geringere Temperatur aufweist, so daß Überhitzungen in der Gasleitung mit Sicherheit vermieden werden können. Auch bei dieser Ausführung ist in der Nähe des Gasaustrittes 6 eine Strahlungsheizfläche 4 ähnlich jener mit dem Bezugszeichen 17 vorgesehen, wodurch das Kühlgas weiter entlastet wird.2 shows a design variant of the bunker-shaped cooler for FIG. 1, in which the gas treatment zone 10 with the gas cooling 5 is formed separately from a bulk material receiver 7 with a free bulk material surface (19), in which the hot bulk material is formed solely by the radiant heating surface ( 17) is cooled. This measure ensures that the cooling gas at its outlet 6 from the gas treatment zone has a significantly lower temperature, so that overheating in the gas line can be avoided with certainty. In this embodiment there is also a radiant heater in the vicinity of the gas outlet 6 Surface 4 similar to that provided with the reference numeral 17, whereby the cooling gas is further relieved.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Kühleinrichtung für heiße kohlenstoffhältige Schüttgüter dargestellt, die in einem Drehrohrofen 17 erhitzt wurden. Beim Austritt des Schüttgutes aus dem Drehrohrofen 17, der die Schüttgutvorlage (7,12) ersetzt, in den bunkerförmigen Kühler 1 ist eine Strahlungsheizfläche 4 vorgesehen, über welche die von der Oberfläche 3 des Schüttgutes ausgehende Wärmestrahlung kontinuierlich abgeführt wird. Das heiße Schüttgut wird dabei soweit abgekühlt, daß es in der Gasbehandlungszone, auch wenn es von Luft durchströmt wird, nicht weiter erhitzt, bzw. verbrennt, und seine Wärme an das Gas bzw. die Luft abgibt, welche über die Leitung 18 in den Drehrohrofen abgegeben wird und dort zur Verbrennung eines Teiles des im Schüttgut enthaltenen Kohlenstoffes Verwendung findet.In Fig. 3, a cooling device for hot carbon-containing bulk goods is shown, which were heated in a rotary kiln 17. When the bulk material emerges from the rotary kiln 17, which replaces the bulk material supply (7, 12), into the bunker-shaped cooler 1, a radiant heating surface 4 is provided, via which the heat radiation emanating from the surface 3 of the bulk material is continuously dissipated. The hot bulk material is cooled to such an extent that it does not continue to heat or burn in the gas treatment zone, even if air flows through it, and releases its heat to the gas or air, which is fed via line 18 into the rotary kiln is released and is used there for the combustion of part of the carbon contained in the bulk material.

Claims (6)

1. Method of cooling hot bulk material such as for example incandescent coke, clinker or sinter, in a cooler in form of a hopper, in which the bulk material is cooled by the intense heat radiation emitted by the surface of the bulk material (2) spread in the cooler (1) by means of radiation cooling surfaces (4) located above the free bulk material surface (3), and in which the radiating bulk material surface (3) is constantly covered with hot bulk material which comes from a bulk material filling tank (12) located above the cooler (1) and is fed into the cooler via a narrow pass, while the partly cooled layers of bulk material sink down and are cooled according to the well-known method by the cooling gas stream flowing around at least part of the height of the cooler, the cooled bulk material then being discharged continuously from the cooler.
2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the bulk material (2) is cooled down by eliminating the radiation heat until it reaches a temperature below the inflammation temperature and that it subsequently is cooled by oxygenous gases, such as air for example, which is then reused as preheated combustion air, until an almost ambient temperature is reached.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that part of the radiation heat is eliminated in a bulk material filling tank (7) which is a separate chamber located above the cooler (1) with the cooling gas stream and that in this filling tank the bulk material is cooled only by means of the radiation cooling surfaces (17) before it falls into the cooler (1).
4. Apparatus for the execution of the method according to at least one of the claims 1 to 3 with a cooler designed as a hopper (1) and a radiation cooling surface (4) characterized in that a bulk material filling tank (12) is located above the outlet (6) of the cooling gas of the cooler (1).
5. Apparatus according to claim 4 characterized in that the outlet (6) of the cooling gas of the cooler (1) is separated from the radiation cooling surface (4) by a layer of bulk material (11).
6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the cooler (1) is provided with a bulk material filling tank (7) in which at least part of the radiation cooling surface (17) is provided near the inlet (8) above the free bulk material surface (19) and that the outlet (9) of the bulk material filling tank (7) is designed as a narrow pass feeding the bulk material into the gas treatment zone (10) and that underneath the radiation cooling surface (17) which is separated from the cooling gas outlet by a layer of bulk material a second radiation cooling surface (4) is located in the area above the outlet (6) of the cooling gas of the cooler (1) and above a second free bulk material surface (3).
EP81890088A 1980-05-30 1981-05-26 Method and apparatus of cooling hot bulk materials Expired EP0041497B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2875/80 1980-05-30
AT0287580A AT367539B (en) 1980-05-30 1980-05-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COOLING HOT SHEET GOODS BY MEANS OF RADIATION COOLING SURFACES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0041497A1 EP0041497A1 (en) 1981-12-09
EP0041497B1 true EP0041497B1 (en) 1986-01-02

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EP81890088A Expired EP0041497B1 (en) 1980-05-30 1981-05-26 Method and apparatus of cooling hot bulk materials

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US (1) US4443955A (en)
EP (1) EP0041497B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5721784A (en)
AT (1) AT367539B (en)
AU (1) AU539582B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8103524A (en)
CA (1) CA1158858A (en)
DE (1) DE3173353D1 (en)

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AU7118681A (en) 1981-12-03
JPS5721784A (en) 1982-02-04
AU539582B2 (en) 1984-10-04
AT367539B (en) 1982-07-12
US4443955A (en) 1984-04-24
DE3173353D1 (en) 1986-02-13
EP0041497A1 (en) 1981-12-09
BR8103524A (en) 1982-02-24
ATA287580A (en) 1981-11-15
CA1158858A (en) 1983-12-20

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