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EP0028267B1 - Apparatus for drying foundry moulds and cores - Google Patents

Apparatus for drying foundry moulds and cores Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0028267B1
EP0028267B1 EP79103806A EP79103806A EP0028267B1 EP 0028267 B1 EP0028267 B1 EP 0028267B1 EP 79103806 A EP79103806 A EP 79103806A EP 79103806 A EP79103806 A EP 79103806A EP 0028267 B1 EP0028267 B1 EP 0028267B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cores
drying
vacuum
casting moulds
foundry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP79103806A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0028267A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Ing. Grad. Grolla
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinrich Wagner Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Heinrich Wagner Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Heinrich Wagner Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH filed Critical Heinrich Wagner Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
Priority to EP79103806A priority Critical patent/EP0028267B1/en
Priority to AT79103806T priority patent/ATE3955T1/en
Publication of EP0028267A1 publication Critical patent/EP0028267A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0028267B1 publication Critical patent/EP0028267B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening

Definitions

  • the drying process takes place as follows:
  • the foundry mold sand 11 in the two mold halves is constantly evacuated via the evacuation lines 5, 6. On the one hand, this is necessary so that the foundry mold made of loose, binder-free sand remains dimensionally stable.
  • the microwaves penetrate the plastic films 9, 10 unhindered and are reflected on the reflector plate 15. Lateral exit of the microwaves is prevented by the mold boxes 1, 2.
  • the energy contained in the microwaves causes the moisture molecules in the size 12 to vibrate, as a result of which the latter is heated and evaporated.
  • the resulting vapors are suctioned off directly via the evacuation lines 5, 6, so that, on the other hand, it is prevented that after cooling, the steam condenses again in the foundry mold and can lead to casting errors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

1. Apparatus for drying wet casting moulds and cores (3 to 6) which are produced according to the vacuum process and covered with films (10) of plastics material, liquid coatings being applied to the films (10) of plastics material, the casting moulds and cores (3 to 6) being subjected to a vacuum during drying and the gases and vapours formed being sucked away, characterized in that the coating consists of a black wash, the apparatus (1, 2, 16) comprises a reflector plate (15) towards the ground for receiving the casting moulds and cores (3 to 6) to be dried and a hood-shaped reflector shield (17) which receives the devices producing the microwaves, and devices are provided in the drying apparatus (1, 2, 6) for producing a vacuum in the casting moulds and cores (3 to 6).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 (DE-B2-2550149).The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 (DE-B2-2550149).

Das Trocknen von Grießereiformen und. -kernen nimmt eine erhebliche Zeit in Anspruch, insbesondere dann, wenn feuchte Teile in Grünsandformen oder Formen, die durch warm aushärtende Binder zu verfestigen sind, zu trocknen sind. Aber auch das Trocknen von Schlichten erfordert relativ viel Zeit und ist vor allem bei Gießereiformen, die nach dem Vakuumformverfahren hergestellt sind, ein den Arbeitstakt entscheidend mitbestimmender Faktor.Drying foundry molds and. Cores take a considerable amount of time, especially when moist parts in green sand molds or molds that are to be hardened by thermosetting binders have to be dried. But the drying of finishing requires a relatively long time and is particularly useful for foundry molds which are after Vakuumformver f Ahren made a working clock key determining factors.

Zur Herstellung von Gießereiformen nach dem Vakuumformverfahren wird zunächst eine dünne Plastikole über ein Modell gezogen und mittels Vakuum an diesem angesaugt. Anschließend wird diese Folie mit einer Formschlichte eingesprüht, was entscheidend zur Verbesserung der' Oberfiächengüte des herzustellenden Gußstückes beiträgt. Diese Schlichten sind im allgemeinen mit Alkohol oder Wasser versetzt und müssen bisher unbedingt vor Einbringung des Formsandes getrocknet werden, um spätere Gußfehler zu vermeiden.To produce foundry molds using the vacuum molding process, a thin plastic tube is first drawn over a model and sucked onto it using a vacuum. Subsequently, this film is sprayed with a size, which contributes decisively to improving the surface quality of the casting to be produced. These sizes are generally mixed with alcohol or water and have so far absolutely had to be dried before the molding sand is introduced in order to avoid subsequent casting errors.

Zur Trocknung der Schlichten dient im allgemeinen ein Heißluftgebläse, das umfangreiche maschinelle Einrichtungen erfordert wie Lufterzeuger, Zu- und Abluftventilatoren, Trockenhauben und Rohrleitungen und Kamine, um die entstandenen Gase und Dämpfe abzuführen.A hot air blower is generally used to dry the sizes, which requires extensive mechanical equipment such as air generators, supply and exhaust air fans, drying hoods and pipes and chimneys in order to remove the gases and vapors produced.

Diese Trocknungszeit bestimmt den Arbeitstakt der Maschine, da diese erheblich länger ist als die übrigen Arbeitsschritte.This drying time determines the work cycle of the machine, since it is considerably longer than the other work steps.

Aus der DE-B2-2.550149 ist die Herstellung einer vakuum-verfestigten Gießform bekannt, bei der das zwischen zwei Folien liegende feuerfeste, trockene Material evakuiert wird. Das Besondere dieser bekannten Gießform besteht darin, daß die Abdeckschicht, die die Kontur der Gießform bildet, durch ein Lösungsmittel mit einem gelösten Sinter- oder Bindemittel aufgelöst wird, das dann eine verhärtete Kruste an der Oberflächenschicht bildet. Die entstehenden Lösungsmitteldämpfe werden über die Unterdruckeinrichtung der Grießform abgesaugt.DE-B2-2.550149 discloses the production of a vacuum-strengthened casting mold in which the refractory, dry material lying between two foils is evacuated. The special feature of this known casting mold is that the covering layer, which forms the contour of the casting mold, is dissolved by a solvent with a dissolved sintering or binding agent, which then forms a hardened crust on the surface layer. The resulting solvent vapors are drawn off via the vacuum device of the mold.

Aus der US-A-4 043 380 ist ein Gußformteil aus Gips bekannt, das beim Abgießen von Metallen verwendet werden soll, wobei die Gießtemperatur über dem Siedepunkt des Wassers liegt. Das Gießformteil aus Gips muß somit vollständig vom Wasser befreit sein. Um dies zu erreichen, wird die Gipsform so lange Mikrowellen ausgesetzt, bis die Brenntemperatur überschritten ist.From US-A-4 043 380 a gypsum molding is known which is to be used in the pouring of metals, the pouring temperature being above the boiling point of the water. The plaster cast part must therefore be completely free of water. To achieve this, the plaster mold is exposed to microwaves until the firing temperature is exceeded.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung für die Trocknung von Gießereiformen und -kernen vorzuschlagen, das die zum einen die Trockenzeit erheblich reduziert und zum anderen das Trocknen der auf Kunststoffolien aufgebrachten Schlichte auch nach dem Einbringen des Gießereiformsandes, d.h. nach Fertigestellung der Gießereiform, gestattet.The invention is based on the object of proposing a device for drying foundry molds and cores which on the one hand considerably reduces the drying time and on the other hand dries the size applied to plastic films even after the foundry mold sand has been introduced, i.e. after completion of the foundry mold.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe werden die Kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 vorgeschlagen.To solve this problem, the characterizing features of claim 1 are proposed.

Bei der Trocknung durch Mikrowellen werden nur die feuchten Teile der Formen und Kerne bzw. die Schlichten direkt erwärmt, während die Kunststoffolie und auch die übrigen Teile der Gießereiform kalt bleiben. Diese Art der Trocknurig von Gießereiformen ist aus zwei Gründen äußerst wirtschaftlich. Zum einen bleibt der Energieeinsatz im Vergleich zu konventionellen Trocknungsmethoden sehr gering und zum anderen wird die Trocknungszeit bis auf ein Zebutel herabgesetzt. Für Gießereiformen, die nach dem Vakuumformverfahren hergestellt werden, ergibt sich hierdurch, daß nunmehr die Trocknungs zeit nicht mehr für die Taktzeit der Maschine bestimmend ist. Darüberhinaus gestattet dieses neue Verfahren, daß die Trocknung der Gießereiformen nach erfolgter Fertigstellung erfolgen kann. d.h. außerhalb der Maschine. Bei einer konventionellen Trocknung war dies nicht möglich, denn bei den relativ niedrigen Trocknungstemperaturen ist die benötigte Zeit für die Erwärmung der inneren Teile der Gießereiform so lang, daß eine effektive Trocknung in vernünftigen Zeiten nicht zu erreichen ist. Bei Einsatz höherer Trocknungstemperaturen besteht die Gefahr der Beschädigung der die Form luftdicht haltenden Kunststofffolie.When drying with microwaves, only the moist parts of the molds and cores or the sizes are heated directly, while the plastic film and also the other parts of the foundry mold remain cold. This type of drying of foundry molds is extremely economical for two reasons. On the one hand, the amount of energy used remains very low compared to conventional drying methods, and on the other hand, the drying time is reduced to one zebra. For foundry molds which are produced by the vacuum molding process, this means that the drying time is no longer decisive for the cycle time of the machine. In addition, this new process allows the foundry molds to be dried after completion. i.e. outside the machine. This was not possible with conventional drying, because at the relatively low drying temperatures the time required to heat the inner parts of the foundry mold is so long that effective drying cannot be achieved in reasonable times. When using higher drying temperatures, there is a risk of damage to the plastic film that keeps the shape airtight.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, geht aus dem Unteranspruch hervor.An advantageous embodiment of the invention emerges from the subclaim.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. In dieser zeigen Fig. 1 und 2 je eine erfindungsgemäße Trocknungsvorrichtung beim Trocknungsvorgang von nach dem Vakuumverfahren hergestellten Gießereiformen.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawing. 1 and 2 each show a drying device according to the invention during the drying process of foundry molds produced by the vacuum process.

In Fig. 1 sind im Schnitt zwei Gießereiformkästen 1, 2 dargestellt, die ringförmige Unterdruckkanäle 3,4 aufweisen, die über Unterdruckanschlüsse 5, 6 an eine nicht weiter dargestellte Unterdruckleitung anschließbar sind. Die Unterdruckkanäle 3, 4 haben zum Inneren des Gießereiformkastens weisende Öffnungen 7, 8, die so groß sind, daß kein Gießereiformsand in die Kanäle 3, 4 eindringen kann. Sowohl der Gießereiformkasten 3 wie auch der Gießereiformkasten 4 sind auf der einen Seite mit einer Kunststoffolie 9 verschlossen und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite durch je eine Kunststoffolie 10, die durch den äußeren Luftdruck gegen den in die Gießereiformkästen eingefüllten losen, binderfreien Gießereiformsand 11 gepreßt gehalten sind. Auf die Folien 10 ist eine Schlichte 12 aufgebracht, die im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel zu trocknen ist. Im Inneren des Hohlraumes 13 der Gießform ist ein Kern 14 eingesetzt.In Fig. 1, two foundry mold boxes 1, 2 are shown in section, which have annular vacuum channels 3, 4, which can be connected via vacuum connections 5, 6 to a vacuum line, not shown. The vacuum channels 3, 4 have openings 7, 8 which point towards the inside of the foundry mold box and are so large that no foundry mold sand can penetrate into the channels 3, 4. Both the foundry mold box 3 and the foundry mold box 4 are closed on one side with a plastic film 9 and on the opposite side by a plastic film 10, which is kept pressed by the external air pressure against the loose, binder-free foundry mold sand 11 filled into the foundry box. A size 12 is applied to the foils 10, which in the present embodiment example to dry. A core 14 is inserted in the interior of the cavity 13 of the casting mold.

Zur Trocknung der Schlichte 12 werden die Gießereiformkästen auf eine Reflektorplatte 15 einer insgesamt mit 16 bezeichneten Mikrowellentrockeneinrichtung aufgesetzt. Die Reflektorplatte 15 hat die gleiche Umfangskontur wie die Gießereiformkästen 2, 3, wodurch eine vollständige Abschirmung nach unten und zu den Seiten gegeben ist. Auf die obere Gießereiformkastenhälfte 1 wird ein Reflektorschirm 17 aufgesetzt, dessen Umfangskontur gleichfalls der Umfangskontur der Gießereiformkästen 1, 2 entspricht. Im Reflektorschirm 17 sind die Mikrowellensender 18 angeordnet. Die elektrischen Anschlüsse sind der Einfachheit halber weggelassen worden.To dry the size 12, the foundry mold boxes are placed on a reflector plate 15 of a microwave drying device, designated overall by 16. The reflector plate 15 has the same circumferential contour as the foundry mold boxes 2, 3, which provides complete shielding downwards and to the sides. A reflector screen 17 is placed on the upper foundry box half 1, the circumferential contour of which also corresponds to the circumferential contour of the foundry box 1, 2. The microwave transmitters 18 are arranged in the reflector screen 17. The electrical connections have been omitted for simplicity.

Der Trocknungsvorgang geschieht wie folgt: Der Gießereiformsand 11 in den beiden Gießformhälften wird ständig über die Evakuierungsleitungen 5, 6 evakuiert. Dies ist zum einen erforderlich, damit die aus losem, binderfreiem Sand aufgebauten Gießereiform formbeständig bleibt. Nach Einschalten der Mikrowellen-Trockeneinrichtung durchdringen die Mikrowellen die Kunststoffolien 9, 10 ungehindert und werden an der Reflektorplatte 15 reflektiert. Ein seitliches Austreten der Mikrowellen wird durch die Formkästen 1, 2 verhindert. Die in den Mikrowellen enthaltene Energie bringt die Feuchtigkeitsmoleküle in der Schlichte 12 zum Schwingen, wodurch diese erhitzt wird und verdampft. Die entstehenden Dämpfe werden unmittelbar über die Evakuierungsleitungen 5, 6 abgesaugt, so daß zum anderen verhindert wird, daß nach dem Erkalten sich der Dampf wieder in der Gießereiform niederschlagen und zu Gußfehlern führen kann.The drying process takes place as follows: The foundry mold sand 11 in the two mold halves is constantly evacuated via the evacuation lines 5, 6. On the one hand, this is necessary so that the foundry mold made of loose, binder-free sand remains dimensionally stable. After switching on the microwave drying device, the microwaves penetrate the plastic films 9, 10 unhindered and are reflected on the reflector plate 15. Lateral exit of the microwaves is prevented by the mold boxes 1, 2. The energy contained in the microwaves causes the moisture molecules in the size 12 to vibrate, as a result of which the latter is heated and evaporated. The resulting vapors are suctioned off directly via the evacuation lines 5, 6, so that, on the other hand, it is prevented that after cooling, the steam condenses again in the foundry mold and can lead to casting errors.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von dem nach Fig. 1 dadurch, daß der Reflektorschirm 17 die Formkästen einschließt. Zur Evakuierung der Gießereiformen sind an die Unterdruckanschlüsse durch die Reflektorplatte 15 gehende Unterdruckleitungen angeschlossen.The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 in that the reflector screen 17 includes the mold boxes. In order to evacuate the foundry molds, vacuum lines going through the reflector plate 15 are connected to the vacuum connections.

Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, die Trocknungsvortichtung mit einer verschließbaren Beladungsöffnung auszubilden.However, it is also conceivable to design the drying device with a closable loading opening.

Claims (2)

1. Apparatus for drying wet casting moulds and cores (3 to 6) which are produced according to the vacuum process and covered with films (10) of plastics material, liquid coatings being applied to the films (10) of plastics material, the casting moulds and cores (3 to 6) being subjected to a vacuum during drying and the gases and vapours formed being sucked away, characterized in that the coating consists of a black wash, the apparatus (1, 2, 16) comprises a reflector plate (15) towards the ground for receiving the casting moulds and cores (3 to 6) to be dried and a hood-shaped reflector shield (17) which receives the devices producing the microwaves, and devices are provided in the drying apparatus (1, 2, 6) for producing a vacuum in the casting moulds and cores (3 to 6).
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1 for use in frame-shaped moulding boxes, characterized in that the reflector plate (15) and the reflector shield (17) have the same peripheral contours as the moulding boxes (1, 2) and the inner cavity of the moulding boxes (1, 2) and hence the moulds and cores are evacuated by way of vacuum pipes (3, 4) and connexions (5, 6) attached to the moulding boxes.
EP79103806A 1979-10-05 1979-10-05 Apparatus for drying foundry moulds and cores Expired EP0028267B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP79103806A EP0028267B1 (en) 1979-10-05 1979-10-05 Apparatus for drying foundry moulds and cores
AT79103806T ATE3955T1 (en) 1979-10-05 1979-10-05 DEVICE FOR DRYING FOUNDRY MOLDS AND CORE.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP79103806A EP0028267B1 (en) 1979-10-05 1979-10-05 Apparatus for drying foundry moulds and cores

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0028267A1 EP0028267A1 (en) 1981-05-13
EP0028267B1 true EP0028267B1 (en) 1983-06-29

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EP79103806A Expired EP0028267B1 (en) 1979-10-05 1979-10-05 Apparatus for drying foundry moulds and cores

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AT (1) ATE3955T1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0214987A1 (en) * 1984-06-12 1987-03-25 Mikrovagsapplikation Ab A core box and method of manufacturing the same
US6317997B1 (en) * 2000-10-19 2001-11-20 Heatwave Drying Systems Ltd Vacuum port positioning for vacuum drying systems
DE202007010497U1 (en) * 2007-07-26 2007-11-08 Ava - Anhaltinische Verfahrens- Und Anlagentechnik Gmbh Device for drying molds
DE102020102784A1 (en) * 2019-11-17 2021-05-20 Fricke Und Mallah Microwave Technology Gmbh MICROWAVE SANDMOLD BOX
CN115383047A (en) * 2022-08-12 2022-11-25 洛阳九久耐磨材料制造有限公司 Casting coating film cutting and drying method in V-method casting process
CN115560555B (en) * 2022-09-27 2024-01-02 德清县凯丰绝热材料有限公司 Stoving case is used in production of high durable heat preservation exothermic riser

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2076405A5 (en) * 1970-01-14 1971-10-15 Materiel Telephonique
FR2079945A5 (en) * 1970-02-18 1971-11-12 Materiel Telephonique
US4043380A (en) * 1973-11-28 1977-08-23 Valentine Match Plate Company Production of plaster molds by microwave treatment
DE2517544A1 (en) * 1975-04-21 1976-11-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Sand casting mould prepn - using vacuum method and sand contg binder coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE3955T1 (en) 1983-07-15
EP0028267A1 (en) 1981-05-13

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