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EP0022990B1 - Microstrip microwave balun - Google Patents

Microstrip microwave balun Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0022990B1
EP0022990B1 EP80103986A EP80103986A EP0022990B1 EP 0022990 B1 EP0022990 B1 EP 0022990B1 EP 80103986 A EP80103986 A EP 80103986A EP 80103986 A EP80103986 A EP 80103986A EP 0022990 B1 EP0022990 B1 EP 0022990B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
conductor paths
earth
path
plate
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EP80103986A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0022990A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Otremba
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to AT80103986T priority Critical patent/ATE7550T1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a symmetry transformer in microstrip technology for the microwave range, with a plate made of dielectric material that can be inserted into a metal housing, on one surface of which a first metallic conductor path and on both sides of this conductor path and in parallel position with further metallic conductor paths and on the opposite surface of the Plate one behind the other two, forming a ground line, approximately d / 4 long metallic conductor tracks of greater width, which are connected in their outer end region to the metallic housing, one end of the first conductor track together with the corresponding ground conductor providing the asymmetrical input ( Gate I) of the transformer.
  • Such balancing transformers are used, for example, in the construction of modulators, namely in the so-called double push-pull modulator, also called ring modulator.
  • Such a modulator consists of two balun and a diode quartet.
  • This modulator principle is known from telephony technology, i.e. the low frequency range.
  • the implementation of these transformers or an equivalent circuit for the microwave range is difficult, since the line types used in microwave circuits are generally unbalanced and symmetrical transformers with windings cannot be used in the microwave range.
  • a balun of the type described in the opening paragraph is essentially known from DE-A-1 441 077.
  • the earth-symmetrical and earth-unbalanced line are connected directly or indirectly by connecting a parallel resonance system in parallel.
  • the parallel resonance system is formed by the counterweight of the earth-unbalanced line in cooperation with a metal plate arranged at a distance from it.
  • a 3 dB directional coupler with a 180 ° phase shift between two gates is known from US Pat. No. 3,026,490. All gates are formed by earth-unbalanced lines, these lines predominantly each individually representing a kind of triplate line against the ground surfaces and do not form a line system with one another.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a balun for the microwave range, with which modulators and similar electrical assemblies with good properties in terms of noise and decoupling can be easily produced.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in a first embodiment with a balun in microstrip technology in such a way that the further conductor tracks are approximately A / 4 long and two of them are arranged one behind the other and are electrically conductively connected to the ground conductor tracks by means of plated-through holes and that to the on the one side of the first conductor track, further conductor tracks are arranged in their end region lying approximately in the middle of the plate, one conductor track running perpendicular to these in the plane of the conductor tracks, which together form an earth-symmetrical line as the output (gate 11) of the transformer.
  • the symmetrical lines are routed next to each other in a plane above or below the dielectric plate.
  • Another embodiment, in which the symmetrical lines can be routed in two planes, is constructed in accordance with the invention in microstrip technology in such a way that the further conductor tracks are approximately ⁇ / 4 long and two of them are arranged one behind the other and are electrically conductive with vias with the ground conductor tracks are connected and that to one of the conductor tracks arranged on one side of the first conductor track and to the ground line arranged opposite to the second of these conductor tracks, each in its end region lying approximately in the middle of the plate, in the plane of the conductor tracks or the ground conductor tracks perpendicular to these Conductive traces, opposite one another on the surfaces of the plate, are connected, which together form an earth-symmetrical line as an output (gate II) of the transformer.
  • the first metallic conductor track is connected in an electrically conductive manner to at least one of the approximately A / 4 long conductor tracks arranged on one side of the first conductor track, or is insulated, depending on whether it is a balancing device simple type or a compensated symmetry device.
  • an RF modulator or a similar electrical assembly can be easily constructed.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a balun, in which the symmetrical lines are carried side by side in one plane.
  • the plate 1 made of dielectric material carries an insulated conductor track 2 on the surface in the figure above and on both sides of this conductor track 2 in a parallel position to this two two ⁇ / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 4 or 3 a, 4 a arranged one behind the other.
  • Two approximately ⁇ / 4 long conductor tracks 5, 6 (dashed line) of greater width are applied to the area located at the bottom in the figure.
  • These conductor tracks 5, 6 are arranged opposite the insulated conductor track 2 and the approximately A / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 3a on the one hand and 4,4a on the other hand, and are electrically conductively connected to these ⁇ / 4 long conductor tracks Conductors 3, 3a connected to the ground line 5 and the conductor tracks 4, 4a to the ground line 6 on the underside of the plate 1. This connection is made by means of plated-through holes 11. On the two approximately ⁇ / 4 long conductor paths 3, 4 located on one side of the insulated conductor path 2, a conductor path 9, 9a running perpendicular to this is connected, which is in a parallel position on the upper side of the Plate run.
  • the 1/4 long conductor tracks 5, 6 forming the ground line are connected at their ends 7, 7a to the metallic housing.
  • the earth-unbalanced signal is fed to the balancing device at gate I, the ribbon cable 9, 9a carries the earth-symmetrical signal (gate II).
  • the ⁇ / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 3a, 5 and 4, 4a, 6 together with the metal housing 8 form strip lines with the wave resistances Z 1 and Z 2 .
  • the conductor track 2 forms a microstrip line with the wide conductor track 5 or 6 (ground line) and a coplanar line with the conductor tracks 3, 3a or 4, 4a.
  • This form of line makes it possible to concentrate the electromagnetic field of the earth-unbalanced signal as completely as possible in the dielectric plate and at the same time to create connection points for the symmetrical line 9, 9a. In this way, the symmetrical lines can be routed next to one another in one level above or below the plate 1 (see FIG. 1) or in two levels one above the other (see FIG. 2). This results in several options for connecting the earth-symmetrical consumer.
  • Fig. 2 shows a balun, which corresponds in its basic structure to that shown in Fig. 1, the only difference is that the symmetrical lines are not next to each other on a plate side, so in one plane, but are guided in two planes one above the other.
  • This structure is implemented in such a way that a conductor track 10 running perpendicular to it is connected only to one of the approximately 4/4 long conductor tracks 3, 4 located on one side of the insulated conductor track 2.
  • the second conductor track 10a of the symmetrical line is located on the underside of the dielectric plate, opposite the first conductor track 10.
  • the second conductor track 10a is connected perpendicularly to the approximately 1/4-long conductor track 6 which forms a ground line and which is not the first Conductor 10 connected, about 1/4 long conductor track 4 is opposite.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 with the insulated conductor track 2 on the upper side of the dielectric plate 1 represent a compensated balancing device which makes the symmetry over a larger frequency range possible with little reflection.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of an RF modulator which is constructed from two balun transformers according to FIG. 2.
  • a second balun of the same construction is added to the balun according to FIG. 2, approximately in the section plane.
  • the dielectric plate 1 In the end region of the symmetrical ribbon lines 10, 10a, the dielectric plate 1 has a cutout 12 in which the nonlinear elements, a diode quartet, of the modulator are arranged.
  • a connection is made from the symmetrical ribbon cable to a connection 13 in the housing 8, which forms the output to an IF preamplifier.
  • Gates 1 and 1 form the inputs of the unbalanced line for the RF signal and the oscillator signal.
  • RF modulators and similar electrical assemblies can be constructed which have a low noise figure within a relatively large frequency bandwidth and at the same time have a high level of decoupling between the oscillator gate and the signal gate.
  • the circuit is very simple to manufacture. Since the dielectric plate, for example glass-fiber-reinforced Teflon, is only connected to the housing at four points and unevenness in the housing has no influence on the electrical function of the modulator, that is to say only very little on the housing ge accuracy requirements, an inexpensive construction can be used for this.
  • the housing is manufactured, for example, as a hot-pressed part without major post-processing.

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  • Amplitude Modulation (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A balanced converter for the microwave range which allows simple construction of modulators and similar electrical assemblies which have particularly good properties as far as noise level and decoupling are concerned. A first embodiment is constructed in microstrip line technology and provides a transition from a line which is asymmetrical to ground and a microstrip and coplanar line to a line which is symmetrical to ground and in which the embodiment is formed from metal strips arranged on a dielectric plate. A second embodiment of the balanced converter is constructed in triplate technology.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Symmetrieübertrager in Mikrostriptechnik für den Mikrowellenbereich, mit einer in ein Metallgehäuse einsetzbaren Platte aus dielektrischem Material, auf deren einer Fläche eine erste metallische Leiterbahn und beiderseits dieser Leiterbahn und in paralleler Lage dazu weitere metallische Leiterbahnen und auf der gegenüberliegenden Fläche der Platte hintereinander zwei, eine Masseleitung bildende, etwa d/4 lange metallische Leiterbahnen größerer Breite, die in ihrem jeweils äußeren Endbereich mit dem metallischen Gehäuse verbunden sind, angeordnet sind, wobei das eine Ende der ersten Leiterbahn zusammen mit der entsprechenden Masseleiterbahn den unsymmetrischen Eingang (Tor I) des Übertragers bildet. Solche Symmetrierübertrager finden beispielsweise beim Aufbau von Modulatoren Verwendung, und zwar beim sogenannten Doppelgegentaktmodulator, auch Ringmodulator genannt.The invention relates to a symmetry transformer in microstrip technology for the microwave range, with a plate made of dielectric material that can be inserted into a metal housing, on one surface of which a first metallic conductor path and on both sides of this conductor path and in parallel position with further metallic conductor paths and on the opposite surface of the Plate one behind the other two, forming a ground line, approximately d / 4 long metallic conductor tracks of greater width, which are connected in their outer end region to the metallic housing, one end of the first conductor track together with the corresponding ground conductor providing the asymmetrical input ( Gate I) of the transformer. Such balancing transformers are used, for example, in the construction of modulators, namely in the so-called double push-pull modulator, also called ring modulator.

Ein derartiger Modulator besteht aus zwei Symmetrierübertragern und einem Diodenquartett. Dieses Modulatorprinzip ist aus der Fernsprechtechnik, also dem Niederfrequenzbereich, bekannt. Die Realisierung dieser Übertrager bzw. einer äquivalenten Schaltung für den Mikrowellenbereich ist jedoch schwierig, da die in Mikrowellenschaltungen verwendeten Leitungstypen in der Regel erdunsymmetrisch sind und Symmetrierübertrager mit Wicklungen im Mikrowellengebiet nicht verwendbar sind.Such a modulator consists of two balun and a diode quartet. This modulator principle is known from telephony technology, i.e. the low frequency range. However, the implementation of these transformers or an equivalent circuit for the microwave range is difficult, since the line types used in microwave circuits are generally unbalanced and symmetrical transformers with windings cannot be used in the microwave range.

Ein Symmetrierübertrager der eingangs beschriebenen Art ist im wesentlichen durch die DE-A-1 441 077 bekannt. Diese beschreibt einen Übertrager für hochfrequente elektromagnetische Wellen zur gegenseitigen Anpassung von erdsymmetrischen und erdunsymmetrischen Leitungen, bei dem die erdunsymmetrische Leitung durch einen auf einer Seite einer dielektrischen Platte angebrachten Bandleiter und einem auf der anderen Seite der Platte angebrachten Gegengewicht gebildet wird und die symmetrische Leitung als Drahtleitung von der Platte weggeführt ist. Die erdsymmetrische und erdunsymmetrische Leitung werden dabei unter Parallelschaltung eines Parallelresonanzsystems unmittelbar oder mittelbar verbunden. Das Parallelresonanzsystem wird durch das Gegengewicht der erdunsymmetrischen Leitung im Zusammenwirken mit einer im Abstand von diesem angeordneten Metallplatte gebildet.A balun of the type described in the opening paragraph is essentially known from DE-A-1 441 077. This describes a transmitter for high-frequency electromagnetic waves for the mutual adaptation of earth-symmetrical and earth-unbalanced lines, in which the earth-unbalanced line is formed by a strip conductor attached to one side of a dielectric plate and a counterweight attached to the other side of the plate, and the symmetrical line as a wire line is led away from the plate. The earth-symmetrical and earth-unbalanced line are connected directly or indirectly by connecting a parallel resonance system in parallel. The parallel resonance system is formed by the counterweight of the earth-unbalanced line in cooperation with a metal plate arranged at a distance from it.

Durch die US-PS 3 026 490 ist ein 3-dB-Richtungskoppler mit 180° Phasenverschiebung zwischen zwei Toren bekannt. Alle Tore werden dabei von erdunsymmetrischen Leitungen gebildet, wobei diese Leitungen vorwiegend jeweils einzeln eine Art Triplateleitung gegen die Masseflächen darstellen und nicht miteinander ein Leitungssystem bilden.A 3 dB directional coupler with a 180 ° phase shift between two gates is known from US Pat. No. 3,026,490. All gates are formed by earth-unbalanced lines, these lines predominantly each individually representing a kind of triplate line against the ground surfaces and do not form a line system with one another.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Symmetrierübertrager für den Mikrowellenbereich zu schaffen, mit dem sich Modulatoren und ähnliche elektrische Baugruppen mit guten Eigenschaften hinsichtlich des Rauschmaßes und der Entkopplung in einfacher Weise herstellen lassen.The invention has for its object to provide a balun for the microwave range, with which modulators and similar electrical assemblies with good properties in terms of noise and decoupling can be easily produced.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung bei einer ersten Ausführungsform mit einem Symmetrierübertrager in Mikrostriptechnik derart gelöst, daß die weiteren Leiterbahnen etwa A/4 lang und je zwei von ihnen hintereinander angeordnet und mittels Durchkontaktierungen elektrisch leitend mit den Masseleiterbahnen verbunden sind und daß an die auf der einen Seite der ersten Leiterbahn angeordneten weiteren Leiterbahnen in ihrem etwa in der Plattenmitte liegenden Endbereich je eine in der Ebene der Leiterbahnen senkrecht zu diesen verlaufende Leiterbahn angeschlossen ist, die zusammen eine erdsymmetrische Leitung als Ausgang (Tor 11) des Übertragers bilden. Hierbei werden also die symmetrischen Leitungen nebeneinander in einer Ebene oberhalb oder unterhalb der dielektrischen Platte geführt.This object is achieved according to the invention in a first embodiment with a balun in microstrip technology in such a way that the further conductor tracks are approximately A / 4 long and two of them are arranged one behind the other and are electrically conductively connected to the ground conductor tracks by means of plated-through holes and that to the on the one side of the first conductor track, further conductor tracks are arranged in their end region lying approximately in the middle of the plate, one conductor track running perpendicular to these in the plane of the conductor tracks, which together form an earth-symmetrical line as the output (gate 11) of the transformer. Here, the symmetrical lines are routed next to each other in a plane above or below the dielectric plate.

Eine weitere Ausführungsform, bei der die symmetrischen Leitungen in zwei Ebenen übereinander geführt werden können, ist gemäß der Erfindung derart in Mikrostriptechnik aufgebaut, daß die weiteren Leiterbahnen etwa λ/4 lang und je zwei von ihnen hintereinander angeordnet und mittels Durchkontaktierungen elektrisch leitend mit den Masseleiterbahnen verbunden sind und daß an die eine der auf der einen Seite der ersten Leiterbahn angeordneten Leiterbahnen und an die zu der zweiten dieser Leiterbahnen gegenüberliegend angeordnete Masseleitung jeweils in ihrem etwa in der Plattenmitte liegenden Endbereich eine in der Ebene der Leiterbahnen bzw. der Masseleiterbahnen senkrecht zu diesen Leiterbahnen verlaufende, auf den Flächen der Platte einander gegenüberliegende Leiterbahn angeschlossen ist, die zusammen eine erdsymmetrische Leitung als Ausgang (Tor II) des Übertragers bilden.Another embodiment, in which the symmetrical lines can be routed in two planes, is constructed in accordance with the invention in microstrip technology in such a way that the further conductor tracks are approximately λ / 4 long and two of them are arranged one behind the other and are electrically conductive with vias with the ground conductor tracks are connected and that to one of the conductor tracks arranged on one side of the first conductor track and to the ground line arranged opposite to the second of these conductor tracks, each in its end region lying approximately in the middle of the plate, in the plane of the conductor tracks or the ground conductor tracks perpendicular to these Conductive traces, opposite one another on the surfaces of the plate, are connected, which together form an earth-symmetrical line as an output (gate II) of the transformer.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist vorgesehen, daß die erste metallische Leiterbahn mit wenigstens einer der auf der einen Seite der ersten Leiterbahn angeordneten, etwa A/4 langen Leiterbahnen elektrisch leitend verbunden oder aber isoliert geführt ist, je nachdem, ob es sich um eine Symmetriereinrichtung einfacher Art oder um eine kompensierte Symmetrieeinrichtung handelt.In an advantageous embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, it is provided that the first metallic conductor track is connected in an electrically conductive manner to at least one of the approximately A / 4 long conductor tracks arranged on one side of the first conductor track, or is insulated, depending on whether it is a balancing device simple type or a compensated symmetry device.

Durch Zusammenschalten zweier Symmetrierübertrager und der entsprechenden Anzahl von Dioden läßt sich in einfacher Weise ein RF-Modulator oder eine ähnliche elektrische Baugruppe aufbauen.By interconnecting two balun and the corresponding number of diodes, an RF modulator or a similar electrical assembly can be easily constructed.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 einen Symmetrierübertrager in Mikrostriptechnik, dessen symmetrische Leitungen in einer Ebene liegen,
  • Fig. 2 einen Symmetrierübertrager in Mikrostriptechnik, dessen symmetrische Leitungen in zwei Ebenen liegen,
  • Fig. einen RF-Modulator mit zwei Symmetrierübertragern nach F i g. 2.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. It shows
  • Fig. 1 shows a balun in microstrip technology, the symmetrical lines in one level,
  • 2 shows a balancing transformer using microstrip technology, the symmetrical lines of which lie in two planes,
  • Fig. An RF modulator with two balun according to F i g. 2nd

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Darstellung einen Symmetrierübertrager, bei dem die symmetrischen Leitungen nebeneinander in einer Ebene geführt sind. Der Übersichtlichkeit wegen sind hierbei die dielektrische Platte 1 und das die Platte 1 aufnehmende Metallgehäuse 8 nur teilweise dargestellt. Die Platte 1 aus dielektrischem Material trägt auf der in der Figur oben befindlichen Fläche eine isoliert geführte Leiterbahn 2 und beiderseits dieser Leiterbahn 2 in paralleler Lage zu dieser jeweils zwei hintereinander angeordnete etwa λ/4 lange Leiterbahnen 3,4 bzw. 3a, 4a. Auf der in der Figur unten befindlichen Fläche sind zwei etwa λ/4 lange, eine Masseleitung bildende Leiterbahnen 5, 6 (Strichlierte Darstellung) größerer Breite aufgebracht. Diese Leiterbahnen 5, 6 sind gegenüberliegend der isoliert geführten Leiterbahn 2 und den beiderseits dieser Leiterbahn 2 befindlichen, etwa A/4 langen Leiterbahnen 3, 3a einerseits und 4,4a andererseits angeordnet und mit diesen λ/4 langen Leiterbahnen elektrisch leitend verbunden Dabei sind die Leiterbahnen 3, 3a mit der Masseleitung 5 und die Leiterbahnen 4, 4a mit der Masseleitung 6 auf der Unterseite der Platte 1 verbunden. Diese Verbindung erfolgt mittels Durchkontaktierungen 11. An den beiden auf einer Seite der isoliert geführten Leiterbahn 2 befindlichen, etwa λ/4 langen Leiterbahnen 3,4 ist jeweils eine senkrecht zu dieser verlaufende Leiterbahn 9, 9a angeschlossen, die in paralleler Lage auf der Oberseite der Platte verlaufen. Die 1/4 langen, die Masseleitung bildenden Leiterbahnen 5, 6 sind an ihren Enden 7, 7a mit dem metallischen Gehäuse verbunden. Jeweils die isoliert geführte Leiterbahn 2 und die λ/4 langen Leiterbahnen 3, 3a, 5 sowie die isoliert geführte Leiterbahn 2 und die A/4 langen Leiterbahnen 4, 4a, 6 bilden eine erdunsymmetrische Leitung in Form einer Mikrostrip- und Koplanarleitung mit den Wellenwiderständen Zo und ZK (ZK = Wellenwiderstand der Kompensationsleitung für die Symmetriereinrichtung mit Kompensationsleitung). Das erdunsymmetrische Signal wird der Symmetriereinrichtung am Tor I zugeführt, die Bandleitung 9, 9a führt das erdsymmetrische Signal (Tor II).Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a balun, in which the symmetrical lines are carried side by side in one plane. For the sake of clarity, the dielectric plate 1 and the metal housing 8 accommodating the plate 1 are only partially shown. The plate 1 made of dielectric material carries an insulated conductor track 2 on the surface in the figure above and on both sides of this conductor track 2 in a parallel position to this two two λ / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 4 or 3 a, 4 a arranged one behind the other. Two approximately λ / 4 long conductor tracks 5, 6 (dashed line) of greater width are applied to the area located at the bottom in the figure. These conductor tracks 5, 6 are arranged opposite the insulated conductor track 2 and the approximately A / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 3a on the one hand and 4,4a on the other hand, and are electrically conductively connected to these λ / 4 long conductor tracks Conductors 3, 3a connected to the ground line 5 and the conductor tracks 4, 4a to the ground line 6 on the underside of the plate 1. This connection is made by means of plated-through holes 11. On the two approximately λ / 4 long conductor paths 3, 4 located on one side of the insulated conductor path 2, a conductor path 9, 9a running perpendicular to this is connected, which is in a parallel position on the upper side of the Plate run. The 1/4 long conductor tracks 5, 6 forming the ground line are connected at their ends 7, 7a to the metallic housing. In each case the insulated conductor track 2 and the λ / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 3a, 5 and the insulated conductor track 2 and the A / 4 long conductor tracks 4, 4a, 6 form an earth-unbalanced line in the form of a microstrip and coplanar line with the wave resistances Z o and Z K (Z K = characteristic impedance of the compensation line for the balancing device with compensation line). The earth-unbalanced signal is fed to the balancing device at gate I, the ribbon cable 9, 9a carries the earth-symmetrical signal (gate II).

Die λ/4 langen Leiterbahnen 3, 3a, 5 bzw. 4, 4a, 6 bilden zusammen mit dem Metallgehäuse 8 Bandleitungen mit den Wellenwiderständen Z1 bzw. Z2. Die Leiterbahn 2 bildet mit der breiten Leiterbahn 5 bzw. 6 (Masseleitung) eine Mikrostripleitung und mit den Leiterbahnen 3, 3a bzw. 4, 4a eine Koplanarleitung. Diese Leitungsform ermöglicht es, das elektromagnetische Feld des erdunsymmetrischen Signals möglichst vollständig in der dielektrischen Platte zu konzentrieren und gleichzeitig Anschlußpunkte für die symmetrische Leitung 9, 9a zu schaffen. Auf diese Weise können die symmetrischen Leitungen nebeneinander in einer Ebene oberhalb oder unterhalb der Platte 1 (vgl. Fig. 1) oder in zwei Ebenen übereinander (vgl. Fig. 2) geführt werden. Dadurch ergeben sich mehrere Möglichkeiten, den erdsymmetrischen Verbraucher anzuschließen.The λ / 4 long conductor tracks 3, 3a, 5 and 4, 4a, 6 together with the metal housing 8 form strip lines with the wave resistances Z 1 and Z 2 . The conductor track 2 forms a microstrip line with the wide conductor track 5 or 6 (ground line) and a coplanar line with the conductor tracks 3, 3a or 4, 4a. This form of line makes it possible to concentrate the electromagnetic field of the earth-unbalanced signal as completely as possible in the dielectric plate and at the same time to create connection points for the symmetrical line 9, 9a. In this way, the symmetrical lines can be routed next to one another in one level above or below the plate 1 (see FIG. 1) or in two levels one above the other (see FIG. 2). This results in several options for connecting the earth-symmetrical consumer.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen Symmetrierübertrager, der in seinem Grundaufbau dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten entspricht, Unterschiedlich ist hierbei lediglich, daß die symmetrischen Leitungen nicht nebeneinander auf einer Plattenseite, also in einer Ebene geführt sind, sondern in zwei Ebenen übereinander geführt werden. Realisiert ist dieser Aufbau in der Weise, daß lediglich an einer der auf der einen Seite der isoliert geführten Leiterbahn 2 befindlichen, etwa 4/4 langen Leiterbahnen 3, 4 eine senkrecht dazu verlaufende Leiterbahn 10 angeschlossen ist. Die zweite Leiterbahn 10a der symmetrischen Leitung befindet sich auf der Unterseite der dielektrischen Platte, gegenüberliegend der ersten Leiterbahn 10. Die zweite Leiterbahn 10a ist senkrecht an die etwa ,1/4 lange, eine Masseleitung bildende Leiterbahn 6 angeschlossen, die der nicht mit der ersten Leiterbahn 10 verbundenen, etwa 1/4 langen Leiterbahn 4 gegenüberliegt.Fig. 2 shows a balun, which corresponds in its basic structure to that shown in Fig. 1, the only difference is that the symmetrical lines are not next to each other on a plate side, so in one plane, but are guided in two planes one above the other. This structure is implemented in such a way that a conductor track 10 running perpendicular to it is connected only to one of the approximately 4/4 long conductor tracks 3, 4 located on one side of the insulated conductor track 2. The second conductor track 10a of the symmetrical line is located on the underside of the dielectric plate, opposite the first conductor track 10. The second conductor track 10a is connected perpendicularly to the approximately 1/4-long conductor track 6 which forms a ground line and which is not the first Conductor 10 connected, about 1/4 long conductor track 4 is opposite.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsformen mit der isoliert geführten Leiterbahn 2 auf der Oberseite der dielektrischen Platte 1 stellen eine kompensierte Symmetriereinrichtung dar, die die symmetrierung über einen größeren Frequenzbereich reflexionsarm möglich macht. Durch Verbinden der Leiterbahn 2 mit der einen der beiden auf einer Seite der Leiterbahn 2 angeordneten, etwa λ/4 langen Leiterbahnen 3a, 4a erhält man eine einfache Art einer Symmetriereinrichtung.The embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the insulated conductor track 2 on the upper side of the dielectric plate 1 represent a compensated balancing device which makes the symmetry over a larger frequency range possible with little reflection. By connecting the conductor track 2 to the one of the two λ / 4 long conductor tracks 3a, 4a arranged on one side of the conductor track 2, a simple type of balancing device is obtained.

Fig. 3 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Darstellung einen RF-Modulator, der aus zwei Symmetrierübertragern gemäß Fig. 2 aufgebaut ist. Dabei ist an den Symmetrierübertrager nach Fig. 2 etwa in der Schnittebene ein zweiter Symmetrierübertrager gleichen Aufbaus angefügt. Im Endbereich der symmetrischen Bandleitungen 10, 10a weist die dielektrische Platte 1 eine Aussparung 12 auf, in der die nichtlinearen Elemente, ein Diodenquartett, des Modulators angeordnet sind. Von der symmetrischen Bandleitung ist eine Verbindung zu einem Anschluß 13 im Gehäuse 8 geführt, der den Ausgang zu einem ZF-Vorverstärker bildet. Die Tore 1 und l' bilden die Eingänge der erdunsymmetrischen Leitung für das RF-Signal bzw. das Oszillatorsignal.FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of an RF modulator which is constructed from two balun transformers according to FIG. 2. In this case, a second balun of the same construction is added to the balun according to FIG. 2, approximately in the section plane. In the end region of the symmetrical ribbon lines 10, 10a, the dielectric plate 1 has a cutout 12 in which the nonlinear elements, a diode quartet, of the modulator are arranged. A connection is made from the symmetrical ribbon cable to a connection 13 in the housing 8, which forms the output to an IF preamplifier. Gates 1 and 1 'form the inputs of the unbalanced line for the RF signal and the oscillator signal.

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Symmetrierübertragern lassen sich RF-Modulatoren und ähnliche elektrische Baugruppen aufbauen, die innerhalb einer relativ großen Frequenzbandbreite ein geringes Rauschmaß haben und gleichzeitig eine hohe Entkopplung zwischen Oszillatortor und Signaltor aufweisen. Die Schaltung ist dabei sehr einfach in ihrer Herstellung. Da die dielektrische Platte, beispielsweise glasfaserverstärktes Teflon, nur an vier Punkten mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist und Gehäuseunebenheiten keinen Einfluß auf die elektrische Funktion des Modulators haben, also an das Gehäuse nür sehr geringe Genauigkeitsanforderungen gestellt werden, kann für dieses eine kostengünstige Konstruktion verwendet werden. Das Gehäuse wird beispielsweise als Warmpreßteil ohne größere Nachbearbeitung hergestellt.With the balancing transmitters according to the invention, RF modulators and similar electrical assemblies can be constructed which have a low noise figure within a relatively large frequency bandwidth and at the same time have a high level of decoupling between the oscillator gate and the signal gate. The circuit is very simple to manufacture. Since the dielectric plate, for example glass-fiber-reinforced Teflon, is only connected to the housing at four points and unevenness in the housing has no influence on the electrical function of the modulator, that is to say only very little on the housing ge accuracy requirements, an inexpensive construction can be used for this. The housing is manufactured, for example, as a hot-pressed part without major post-processing.

Claims (5)

1. A symmetrical transformer in micro-strip technology for the micro-wave range, with a plate (1) of dielectric material inserted into a metal housing (8), and having on onne surface a first metallic conductor path (2) and further metallic conductor paths (3, 4 and 3a, 4a), on both sides of this conductor path and parallel therewith and the opposite surface of the plate (1) having two wider metallic conductor paths (5, 6) arranged in series which form an earth line and possess a length of approximately (λ/4 and are each connected to the metallic housing (8), at their outer end, the one end of the first conductor path (2) together with the corresponding earth concutor path (5) forming the asymmetrical input (port I) of the transformer, chacacterized in that the further conductor paths posses a length of approximately λ/4 and in each case two thereof (3,4 and 3a, 4a) are arranged in series and are electrically connected to the earth conductor paths (5, 6) by through-contacts (11) and that each end zone of the further conductor paths (3, 4) arranged on one side of the first conductor path (2) is connected approximately in the centre of the plate to a conductor path (9, 9a) arranged in the plane of the conductor paths at right angles thereto and which, together with a balanced-to-earth line, form the output (port II) of the transformer (Fig. 1).
2. A symmetrical transformer in micro-strip technology for the micro-wave range, with a plate (1) of dielectric material inserted into a metal housing (8), and having on one surface a first metallic conductor path (2) and further metallic conductor paths (3, 4, 3a, 4a) on both sides of this conductor path and parallel thereto, the opposite surface of the plate (1) having two wider metallic conductor paths (5, 6) arranged in series which form an earth line and possess a length of approximately λ/4 and are each connected to the metallic housing (8) at their outer end, the one end of the first conductor path (2) together with the corresponding earth conductor path (5), forming the asymmetrical input (port I) of the transformer, characterized in that the further conductor paths possess a length of approximately A/4 and in each case two thereof (3, 4, 3a, 4a) are arranged in series and electrically connected to the earth conductor paths (5, 6) by through-contacts (11), and that one (3) of the conductor paths (3, 4) arranged on one side of the first conductor path (2), and the earth line (6) arranged opposite the second (4) of these conductor paths are each connected at their end zone located approximately in the centre of the plate to a conductor path (10, 10a) which is arranged in the plane of the conductor paths and of the earth conductor paths at right angles to these conductor paths (3, 6) and which face one another on the surface of the plate (1), and which, together with a balanced-to-earth line, form the output (port II) of the transformer (Fig. 2).
3. A symmetrical transformer as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first metallic conductor path (2) is electrically connected to at least one of the conductor paths (3a, 4a) arranged on one side of the first conductor path (2) and possessing a length of approximately λ/4.
4. A symmetrical transformer as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first metallic conductor path (2) is insulated.
5. A symmetrical transformer as claimed in one of the preceding Claims, characterised by paired interconnection with associated diodes to form an RF-modulator or a similar electrical assembly.
EP80103986A 1979-07-20 1980-07-10 Microstrip microwave balun Expired EP0022990B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80103986T ATE7550T1 (en) 1979-07-20 1980-07-10 BALANCING TRANSFORMER IN MICROSTRIP TECHNOLOGY FOR THE MICROWAVE SECTOR.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2929522 1979-07-20
DE19792929522 DE2929522A1 (en) 1979-07-20 1979-07-20 SYMMETRIER TRANSFER FOR THE MICROWAVE AREA

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0022990A1 EP0022990A1 (en) 1981-01-28
EP0022990B1 true EP0022990B1 (en) 1984-05-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80103986A Expired EP0022990B1 (en) 1979-07-20 1980-07-10 Microstrip microwave balun

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US (1) US4361818A (en)
EP (1) EP0022990B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS608644B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE7550T1 (en)
AU (1) AU520953B2 (en)
DE (2) DE2929522A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4359782A (en) * 1981-05-19 1982-11-16 Rockwell International Corporation Microwave mixer with linking juxtaposed balun port
FR2528239A1 (en) * 1982-06-08 1983-12-09 Thomson Csf HYPERFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE MIXER
PL141094B1 (en) * 1983-12-09 1987-06-30 Polska Akad Nauk Centrum Microwave balun transformer,especially for mixers and modulators
US5819169A (en) * 1996-05-10 1998-10-06 Northrop Grumman Corporation High performance mixer structures for monolithic microwave integrated circuits
FI103614B (en) * 1997-03-20 1999-07-30 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Phasing and balancing means
JP4561836B2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2010-10-13 株式会社村田製作所 Chip element
CN103441318B (en) * 2013-08-01 2016-09-21 南京理工大学 Based on microstrip line to coplanar stripline super-broadband graded ground barron device

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US2812501A (en) * 1954-03-04 1957-11-05 Sanders Associates Inc Transmission line
US2926317A (en) * 1954-03-11 1960-02-23 Sanders Associates Inc Transmission line
US3093805A (en) * 1957-07-26 1963-06-11 Osifchin Nicholas Coaxial transmission line
US3026490A (en) * 1959-12-28 1962-03-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Microwave coupling arrangements
DE1441077A1 (en) * 1962-07-18 1969-02-06 Rohde & Schwarz Transmitter for high-frequency electromagnetic waves for the mutual adaptation of balanced and unbalanced lines
US3652941A (en) * 1970-02-24 1972-03-28 Rhg Electronics Lab Inc Double balanced microwave mixer using balanced microstrip baluns
US3772599A (en) * 1972-04-17 1973-11-13 Rca Corp Microwave double balanced mixer
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS608644B2 (en) 1985-03-05
JPS5620303A (en) 1981-02-25
EP0022990A1 (en) 1981-01-28
DE2929522A1 (en) 1981-01-29
AU520953B2 (en) 1982-03-11
AU6062180A (en) 1981-02-05
DE3067833D1 (en) 1984-06-20
US4361818A (en) 1982-11-30
ATE7550T1 (en) 1984-06-15

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