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EP0020821A1 - Method for the utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases - Google Patents

Method for the utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020821A1
EP0020821A1 EP79200353A EP79200353A EP0020821A1 EP 0020821 A1 EP0020821 A1 EP 0020821A1 EP 79200353 A EP79200353 A EP 79200353A EP 79200353 A EP79200353 A EP 79200353A EP 0020821 A1 EP0020821 A1 EP 0020821A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating
heated
feed water
condensate
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP79200353A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rolf Ing. Kehlhofer
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Priority to EP79200353A priority Critical patent/EP0020821A1/en
Priority to JP8857080A priority patent/JPS5618008A/en
Publication of EP0020821A1 publication Critical patent/EP0020821A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for utilizing the waste heat contained in an exhaust gas, in which this exhaust gas is passed through a waste heat boiler arranged in a steam circuit of a steam turbine system, the feed water being fed from a feed water tank to the waste heat boiler, evaporating in it, the steam thus generated the expansion in one.
  • Steam turbine is condensed in a heating condenser through which a gaseous or liquid medium to be heated, serving as a coolant, condenses, and the condensate thus obtained is returned to the feed water tank.
  • the object of the present invention is to create. a process that does not have this disadvantage and enables better use of this waste heat
  • This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by preheating the medium to be heated by means of the heating condenser by means of at least one condensate-heated heating arrangement before being fed to the latter.
  • the condensate generated in the heating condenser is fed to the feed water tank after flowing through the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated. It may also be expedient if the medium to be heated, which serves as a coolant in the heating condenser, is preheated by means of at least part of the feed water emerging from the feed water tank before being fed to the first condensate-heated heating arrangement.
  • the condensate generated in the heating condenser is fed to the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated after flowing through the feed water tank.
  • the feed water tank is heated by means of extraction steam originating from the steam turbine, preferably a counter-pressure steam turbine.
  • the medium to be heated is heated by means of at least two heating condensers working at different pressure levels, the latter being supplied with condensing extraction steam from the steam turbine.
  • the condensate obtained from both heating condensers is mixed with one another and jointly supplied to the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated, where it can be beneficial; if the condensate obtained from the heating condenser located at a higher pressure level is admixed with the condensate obtained from the heating condenser located at a lower pressure level by means of a condenser arranged between these two heating condensers, and that obtained from the heating condenser located at the lower pressure level, in this serves as a coolant, heating medium heating heating arrangement.
  • the exhaust gas fed to the waste heat boiler is heated at least temporarily by means of additional firing before it is introduced into the latter.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable if the exhaust gas from a gas turbine or an internal combustion engine is fed to the waste heat boiler.
  • the exhaust gas originating, for example, from a gas turbine is also supplied via the exhaust gas supply line 1 and the additional firing 2 a temperature of about 1000 ° C. into a waste heat boiler 3.
  • This waste heat boiler 3 serves to evaporate the feed water fed to the waste heat boiler 3 from a feed water tank 5 at a temperature of about 80 to 85 ° C. via the feed water supply line 6.
  • the feed water brought in the vapor state in the waste heat boiler 3 is then fed via the steam line 7 to a counter-pressure steam turbine 8 which drives an electric generator 9.
  • a back pressure steam line 10 serves to supply back pressure steam into the feed water tank 5 for preheating the feed water located therein.
  • the steam flows via the discharge line 11 into a heating condenser 12, which is cooled, for example, by a heating water of a district heating system that is to be heated and serves as a coolant for the heating condenser 12 and is supplied via the heating water supply line 13 in such a way that the supplied steam condensed in the heating condenser 12 giving off heat to the heating water serving as a coolant.
  • the condensate obtained in this way is then fed by means of a condensate pump 14 to a condensate-heated heating arrangement 15, where the heating, supplied via the heating water supply line 13, has a temperature of approximately 60 ° C.
  • the heating water is preheated before the supply to the heating condenser 12 by the condensate in the heating arrangement 15 emitting heat to the heating water to be heated. After leaving the heating condenser 12, the heating water of the district heating has a temperature of about 30 to 100 ° C. in the heating water outlet line 16.
  • the condensate cooled in this way by giving off heat to the heating water is then returned to the feed water tank 5 at a temperature of approximately 65 ° C. via the condensate line 17.
  • the exhaust gas emerging from the waste heat boiler 3 via the exhaust gas discharge line 18 has a maximum temperature of approximately 100 to 110 ° C.
  • the same method can also be used, for example, to heat sea water to be desalinated and fed via the feed line 13 to a temperature of up to 120 ° C.
  • the condensate generated in the heating condenser 12 is first fed into the feed water by means of the condensate pump 14 via the condensate line 17 container 5 to direct where it is heated again by means of the extraction steam removed via the extraction steam line 10 of the counter-pressure steam turbine 8.
  • the feed water removed from the feed water container 5 is then fed by means of the feed water pump 4 to the condensate-heated heating arrangement 15, where it serves for preheating the heating water supplied through the heating water line 13.
  • the emerging from the heating assembly 15 feed water to a temperature of about 65 0 C, where it is fed at this temperature over the feedwater delivery line 6 to the waste heat boiler 3, which means at a lower temperature than in Fig.l plant shown.
  • feed water pump 4 instead of between the feed water container 5 and the condensate-heated heating arrangement 15 between the latter and the waste heat boiler 3 in the feed water line 6.
  • thermodynamically better process is brought about by means of a multi-stage heating of the heating water supplied via the heating water supply line 13.
  • two heating condensers 12 and 12 'working at different pressure levels are provided, with one steam condenser 12 being supplied with counterpressure steam via the discharge line 11 and the second heating condenser 12' with the extraction steam line 19 coming from the counterpressure steam turbine 8 via the extraction steam line 19.
  • the condensate obtained from the second heating condenser 12 'located at a higher pressure level is passed through a heating arrangement 15' arranged between these two heating condensers 12, 12 'before being mixed with condensate obtained from the first heating condenser 12 located at a lower pressure level.
  • This heating arrangement 15 ' serves to further heat the heating water obtained from the first heating condenser 12 located at the lower pressure stage.
  • the condensate After flowing through the second heating arrangement 15 'and emitting heat in it to the heating water to be heated, the condensate is admixed via the condensate connecting line 20 to the condensate emerging from the first heating condenser 12 and fed together with the aid of the condensate pump 14 to the first heating arrangement 15, from where the latter Mixture after heat is given off to the heating water to be heated, as in the system shown in FIG. 1, is fed to the feed water tank 5 via the condensate line 17.
  • the feed water in the feed water tank 5 is preheated by means of back pressure steam supplied from the back pressure steam turbine 8 via the back pressure steam line 10.
  • the outlet of the feed water container 5 is connected via an outlet line 21 and the feed water pump 4 to a bypass valve 22 and a heating valve 23.
  • the bypass valve 22 is via the bypass line 24 and the heating valve 23 via the feed water-heated heating arrangement 15 ′′ and the feed water line section 25 with the feed water supply line 6 opening into the waste heat boiler 3 connected.
  • bypass valve 22 is closed, so that all the feed water flowing out of the feed water container 5 via the outlet line 21 flows into the heating arrangement 15 ′′ via the open heating valve 23, where there is heat to the temperature flowing in via the heating water supply line 13, a temperature of about 60 ° C. has heating water, and then is fed to the waste heat boiler 3 via the feed water line section 25 and the subsequent feed water line 6 at a temperature of about 65 ° C. for evaporation.
  • the heating valve 23 is partially or completely closed and the bypass valve 22 is opened accordingly, so that less or no heat is generated in the heating arrangement 15 " to which heating water supplied via the heating water supply line 13 is released.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

In this method, the exhaust gas originating, for example, from a gas turbine is passed through a waste-heat boiler (3) arranged in a steam circuit of a steam turbine power station. The supply water is fed from a supply water reservoir (5) to the waste-heat boiler (3), is vaporised in the latter and, after expansion in a back-pressure steam turbine (8), the steam generated in this manner is condensed in a heating condenser (12) through which flows the heating water of a remote heating system, which water is, to be heated and is used as a coolant. In order to exploit the heat contained in the condensate thus obtained as much as possible, the heating water which is to be heated up and flows in through the heating water infeed line (13), is preheated by means of a heating arrangement (15), heated by the condensate produced in the heating condenser (12), before being fed to the heating condenser (12). <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ausnutzung der in einem Abgas enthaltenen Abwärme, bei welchem man dieses Abgas durch einen in einem Dampfkreislauf einer Dampfturbinenanlage angeordneten Abhitzekessel leitet, wobei das Speisewasser aus einem Speisewasserbehälter dem Abhitzekessel zugeführt, in diesem verdampft, der derart erzeugte Dampf nach der Expansion in einer . Dampfturbine in einem von einem aufzuheizenden, als Kühlmittel dienenden, gasförmigen oder flüssigem Medium durchströmten Heizkondensator kondensiert und das derart erhaltene Kondensat in den Speisewasserbehälter zurückgeführt wird.The present invention relates to a method for utilizing the waste heat contained in an exhaust gas, in which this exhaust gas is passed through a waste heat boiler arranged in a steam circuit of a steam turbine system, the feed water being fed from a feed water tank to the waste heat boiler, evaporating in it, the steam thus generated the expansion in one. Steam turbine is condensed in a heating condenser through which a gaseous or liquid medium to be heated, serving as a coolant, condenses, and the condensate thus obtained is returned to the feed water tank.

Bei den bisher bekannten Verfahren der obgenannten Art liegt die Speisewassertemperatur relativ hoch, das heisst, die im Abgas enthaltene Abwärme wird schlecht ausgenützt.In the previously known methods of the aforementioned type, the feed water temperature is relatively high, which means that the waste heat contained in the exhaust gas is poorly used.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Schaffung . eines Verfahrens das diesen Nachteil nicht aufweist, und eine bessere Ausnützung dieser Abwärme ermöglicht.The object of the present invention is to create. a process that does not have this disadvantage and enables better use of this waste heat

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass man das mittels dem Heizkondensator aufzuheizende Medium vor der Zuleitung zu letzterem mittels mindestens einer kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung vorerwärmt.This object is achieved according to the invention in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by preheating the medium to be heated by means of the heating condenser by means of at least one condensate-heated heating arrangement before being fed to the latter.

Es ist zweckmässig, wenn man das im Heizkondensator erzeugte Kondensat nach der Durchströmung der das aufzuheizende Medium vorerwärmenden Heizanordnung dem Speisewasserbehälter zuführt. Dabei kann es ferner zweckmässig sein, wenn man das aufzuheizende, im Heizkondensator als Kühlmittel dienende Medium vor der Zuleitung zur ersten kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung mittels mindestens einem Teil des aus dem Speisewasserbehälter austretenden Speisewassers vorerwärmt.It is expedient if the condensate generated in the heating condenser is fed to the feed water tank after flowing through the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated. It may also be expedient if the medium to be heated, which serves as a coolant in the heating condenser, is preheated by means of at least part of the feed water emerging from the feed water tank before being fed to the first condensate-heated heating arrangement.

Zur Erzielung einer noch besseren Ausnutzung der im Abgas enthaltenen Abwärme ist es vorteilhaft, wenn man das im Heizkondensator erzeugte Kondensat nach der Durchströmung des Speisewasserbehälters der das aufzuheizende Medium vorerwärmenden Heizanordnung zuführt.To achieve an even better utilization of the waste heat contained in the exhaust gas, it is advantageous if the condensate generated in the heating condenser is fed to the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated after flowing through the feed water tank.

Es ist ausserdem zweckmässig, wenn man den Speisewasserbehälter mittels aus der Dampfturbine, vorzugsweise einer Gegendruckdampfturbine, stammendem Entnahmedampf beheizt.It is also expedient if the feed water tank is heated by means of extraction steam originating from the steam turbine, preferably a counter-pressure steam turbine.

Zur Erzielung eines noch besseren thermodynamischen Wirkungsgrades ist es ferner vorteilhaft, wenn , man das aufzuheizende Medium mittels mindestens zweier auf verschiedenen Druckstufen arbeitender Heizkondensatoren aufheizt, wobei den letzteren aus der Dampfturbine stammender, zu kondensierender Entnahmedampf zugeführt wird. Dabei ist es zweckmässig, wenn man das aus beiden Heizkondensatoren anfallende Kondensat miteinander mischt und gemeinsam der das aufzuheizende Medium vorerwärmenden Heizanordnung zuführt, wobei es vorteilhaft sein kann; wenn man das aus dem auf einer höheren Druckstufe sich befindenden Heizkondensator anfallende Kondensat vor dem Beimischen mit aus dem auf einer niederen Druckstufe sich befindenden Heizkondensator anfallenden Kondensat durch eine zwischen diesen beiden Heizkondensatoren angeordnete, das aus dem auf der niederen Druckstufe sich befindenden Heizkondensator anfallende, in diesem als Kühlmittel dienende, aufzuheizende Medium aufheizende Heizanordnung leitet.In order to achieve an even better thermodynamic efficiency, it is also advantageous if the medium to be heated is heated by means of at least two heating condensers working at different pressure levels, the latter being supplied with condensing extraction steam from the steam turbine. It is expedient here if the condensate obtained from both heating condensers is mixed with one another and jointly supplied to the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated, where it can be beneficial; if the condensate obtained from the heating condenser located at a higher pressure level is admixed with the condensate obtained from the heating condenser located at a lower pressure level by means of a condenser arranged between these two heating condensers, and that obtained from the heating condenser located at the lower pressure level, in this serves as a coolant, heating medium heating heating arrangement.

In manchen Fällen kann es überdies zweckmässig sein, wenn man das dem Abhitzekessel zugeführte Abgas mindestens zeitweise vor der Einleitung in den letzteren mittels einer Zusatzfeuerung erhitzt.In some cases, it may also be expedient if the exhaust gas fed to the waste heat boiler is heated at least temporarily by means of additional firing before it is introduced into the latter.

Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ist besonders dann geeignet, wenn man das Abgas einer Gasturbine oder eines Verbrennungsmotors dem Abhitzekessel zuführt.The method according to the invention is particularly suitable if the exhaust gas from a gas turbine or an internal combustion engine is fed to the waste heat boiler.

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig.l bis 3 schematisch drei verschiedene Anlagen zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens.
The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing, for example. Show it:
  • Fig.l to 3 schematically three different plants for performing the inventive method.

Wie aus Fig.l ersichtlich, wird das zum Beispiel von einer Gasturbine her stammende Abgas über die Abgaszuleitung 1 und die Zusatzfeuerung 2 mit einer Temperatur von etwa 1000°C in einen Abhitzekessel 3 eingeleitet..Dieser Abhitzekessel 3 dient zur Verdampfung des mittels einer Speisewasserpumpe 4 aus einem Speisewasserbehälter 5 mit einer Temperatur von etwa 80 bis 85°C über die Speisewasserzuleitung 6 dem Abhitzekessel 3 zugeführten Speisewassers.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the exhaust gas originating, for example, from a gas turbine is also supplied via the exhaust gas supply line 1 and the additional firing 2 a temperature of about 1000 ° C. into a waste heat boiler 3. This waste heat boiler 3 serves to evaporate the feed water fed to the waste heat boiler 3 from a feed water tank 5 at a temperature of about 80 to 85 ° C. via the feed water supply line 6.

Das derart im-Abhitzekessel 3 in dampfförmigen Zustand gebrachte Speisewasser wird darnach über die Dampfleitung 7 einer Gegendruckdampfturbine 8 zugeführt, welche einen Elektrogenerator 9 antreibt.The feed water brought in the vapor state in the waste heat boiler 3 is then fed via the steam line 7 to a counter-pressure steam turbine 8 which drives an electric generator 9.

Eine Gegendruckdampfleitung 10 dient zur Zuführung von Gegendruckdampf in den Speisewasserbehälter 5 zur Vorwärmung des darin sich befindenden Speisewassers.A back pressure steam line 10 serves to supply back pressure steam into the feed water tank 5 for preheating the feed water located therein.

Nach der Expansion in der Gegendruckdampfturbine 8 strömt der Dampf über die Abführleitung 11 in einen Heizkondensator 12, welcher zum Beispiel von einem aufzuheizenden, für den Heizkondensator 12 als Kühlmittel dienenden, über die Heizwasserzuleitung 13 zugeführten Heizwasser einer Fernheizung derart gekühlt wird, dass der zugeführte Dampf im Heizkondensator 12 unter Abgabe von Wärme an das als Kühlmittel dienende Heizwasser kondensiert. Das derart erhaltene Kondensat wird darauf mittels einer Kondensatpumpe 14 einer kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung 15 zugeführt, wo das über die Heizwasserzuleitung 13 zugeführte, eine Temperatur von etwa 60°C aufweisende Heizwasser vor der Zuleitung zum Heizkondensator 12 vorerwärmt wird, indem das Kondensat in der Heizanordnung 15 Wärme an das aufzuheizende Heizwasser abgibt. Das Heizwasser der Fernheizung weist nach dem Austritt aus dem Heizkondensator 12 eine Temperatur von etwa;30 bis-100°C in der Heizwasseraustrittsleitung 16 auf.After expansion in the back pressure steam turbine 8, the steam flows via the discharge line 11 into a heating condenser 12, which is cooled, for example, by a heating water of a district heating system that is to be heated and serves as a coolant for the heating condenser 12 and is supplied via the heating water supply line 13 in such a way that the supplied steam condensed in the heating condenser 12 giving off heat to the heating water serving as a coolant. The condensate obtained in this way is then fed by means of a condensate pump 14 to a condensate-heated heating arrangement 15, where the heating, supplied via the heating water supply line 13, has a temperature of approximately 60 ° C. water is preheated before the supply to the heating condenser 12 by the condensate in the heating arrangement 15 emitting heat to the heating water to be heated. After leaving the heating condenser 12, the heating water of the district heating has a temperature of about 30 to 100 ° C. in the heating water outlet line 16.

Das derart durch Abgabe von Wärme an das Heizwasser abgekühlte Kondensat wird darauf mit einer Temperatur von etwa 65°C über die Kondensatleitung 17 wieder in den Speisewasserbehälter 5 zurückgeführt.The condensate cooled in this way by giving off heat to the heating water is then returned to the feed water tank 5 at a temperature of approximately 65 ° C. via the condensate line 17.

Das über die Abgasableitung 18 aus dem Abhitzekessel 3 austretende Abgas weist eine Temperatur von maximal etwa 100 bis 110°C auf.The exhaust gas emerging from the waste heat boiler 3 via the exhaust gas discharge line 18 has a maximum temperature of approximately 100 to 110 ° C.

Das gleiche Verfahren ist zum Beispiel auch dazu verwendbar, zu entsalzendes, über die Zuleitung 13 zugeführtes Meerwasser auf eine Temperatur von bis zu 120°C aufzuheizen.The same method can also be used, for example, to heat sea water to be desalinated and fed via the feed line 13 to a temperature of up to 120 ° C.

Bei den in den Fig.2 und 3 schematisch dargestellten Anlagen weisen zu Fig.l analoge Teile gleiche Be- . zugszeichen wie in Fig.1 auf, und die Beschreibung dieser Anlagen wird auf die zu Fig.l unterschiedlichen Merkmale beschränkt.In the systems shown schematically in FIGS. 2 and 3, parts analogous to FIG. 1 have the same loading. Zugszeichen as in Fig.1, and the description of these systems is limited to the features different from Fig.l.

Um eine noch bessere Ausnützung der in dem Abhitzekessel 3 zugeführten Abgas enthaltenen Abwärme zu erreichen, ist es, wie aus Fig.2 ersichtlich, auch möglich, das im Heizkondensator 12 erzeugte Kondensat mittels der Kondensatpumpe 14 über die Kondensatleitung 17 zuerst in den Speisewasserbehälter 5 zu leiten, wo es mittels über die Entnahmedampfleitung 10 der Gegendruckdampfturbine 8 entnommenem Entnahmedampf wieder aufgeheizt wird.In order to achieve an even better utilization of the waste heat contained in the waste gas boiler 3, it is also possible, as can be seen from FIG. 2, that the condensate generated in the heating condenser 12 is first fed into the feed water by means of the condensate pump 14 via the condensate line 17 container 5 to direct where it is heated again by means of the extraction steam removed via the extraction steam line 10 of the counter-pressure steam turbine 8.

Das dem Speisewasserbehälter 5 entnommene Speisewasser wird darauf mittels der Speisewasserpumpe 4 der kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung 15 zugeführt, wo es zur Vorerwärmung des durch die Heizwasserleitung 13 zugeführten Heizwassers dient. Durch die Abgabe von Wärme an das Heizwasser weist das aus der Heizanordnung 15 austretende Speisewasser eine Temperatur von etwa 650C auf, wobei es mit dieser Temperatur über die Speisewasserzuleitung 6 dem Abhitzekessel 3 zugeführt wird, das heisst mit einer geringeren Temperatur als bei der in Fig.l dargestellten Anlage.The feed water removed from the feed water container 5 is then fed by means of the feed water pump 4 to the condensate-heated heating arrangement 15, where it serves for preheating the heating water supplied through the heating water line 13. By the release of heat to the heating water, the emerging from the heating assembly 15 feed water to a temperature of about 65 0 C, where it is fed at this temperature over the feedwater delivery line 6 to the waste heat boiler 3, which means at a lower temperature than in Fig.l plant shown.

Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, die Speisewasserpumpe 4 anstatt zwischen dem Speisewasserbehälter 5 und der kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung 15 zwischen der letzteren und dem Abhitzekessel 3, in der Speisewasserleitung 6, anzuordnen.Of course, it is also possible to arrange the feed water pump 4 instead of between the feed water container 5 and the condensate-heated heating arrangement 15 between the latter and the waste heat boiler 3 in the feed water line 6.

Bei der in Fig.3 schematisch dargestellten Anlage wird mittels einer mehrstufigen Aufwärmung des über die Heizwasserzuleitung 13 zugeführten Heizwassers ein thermodynamisch besseres Verfahren bewirkt. Dazu sind zwei auf verschiedenen Druckstufen arbeitende Heizkondensatoren 12 und 12' vorgesehen, wobei dem einen Heizkondensator 12 über die Abführleitung 11 Gegendruckdampf und dem zweiten Heizkondensator 12' über die Entnahmedampfleitung 19 aus der Gegendruckdampfturbine 8 stammender Entnahmedampf zugeführt wird.In the system shown schematically in FIG. 3, a thermodynamically better process is brought about by means of a multi-stage heating of the heating water supplied via the heating water supply line 13. For this purpose, two heating condensers 12 and 12 'working at different pressure levels are provided, with one steam condenser 12 being supplied with counterpressure steam via the discharge line 11 and the second heating condenser 12' with the extraction steam line 19 coming from the counterpressure steam turbine 8 via the extraction steam line 19.

Das aus dem auf einer höheren Druckstufe sich befindenden zweiten Heizkondensator 12' anfallende Kondensat wird vor dem Beimischen mit aus dem auf einer niederen Druckstufe sich befindenden ersten Heizkondensator 12 anfallendem Kondensat durch eine zwischen diesen beiden Heizkondensatoren 12, 12' angeordnete Heizanordnung 15' geleitet. Diese Heizanordnung 15' dient zum weiteren Aufheizen des aus dem auf der niedrigeren Druckstufe sich befindenden ersten Heizkondensators 12 anfallenden Heizwassers.The condensate obtained from the second heating condenser 12 'located at a higher pressure level is passed through a heating arrangement 15' arranged between these two heating condensers 12, 12 'before being mixed with condensate obtained from the first heating condenser 12 located at a lower pressure level. This heating arrangement 15 'serves to further heat the heating water obtained from the first heating condenser 12 located at the lower pressure stage.

Nach dem Durchströmen der zweiten Heizanordnung 15' und Abgabe von Wärme in dieser an das aufzuheizende Heizwasser wird das Kondensat über die Kondensatverbindungsleitung 20 dem aus dem ersten Heizkondensator 12 austretenden Kondensat beigemischt und gemeinsam mit Hilfe der Kondensatpumpe 14 der ersten Heizanordnung 15 zugeführt, von wo dieses Gemisch nach Abgabe von Wärme an das zu erwärmende Heizwasser wie bei der in Fig.l dargestellten Anlage über die Kondensatleitung 17 dem Speisewasserbehälter 5 zugeführt wird. Das im Speisewasserbehälter 5 sich befindende Speisewasser wird mittels über die Gegendruckdampfleitung 10 von der Gegendruckdampfturbine 8 zugeführten Gegendruckdampf vorerwärmt.After flowing through the second heating arrangement 15 'and emitting heat in it to the heating water to be heated, the condensate is admixed via the condensate connecting line 20 to the condensate emerging from the first heating condenser 12 and fed together with the aid of the condensate pump 14 to the first heating arrangement 15, from where the latter Mixture after heat is given off to the heating water to be heated, as in the system shown in FIG. 1, is fed to the feed water tank 5 via the condensate line 17. The feed water in the feed water tank 5 is preheated by means of back pressure steam supplied from the back pressure steam turbine 8 via the back pressure steam line 10.

Der Auslass des Speisewasserbehälters 5 ist über eine Austrittsleitung 21 und die Speisewasserpumpe 4 mit einem Bypassventil 22 sowie einem Heizventil 23 verbunden. Das Bypassventil 22 ist über die Bypassleitung 24 und das Heizventil 23 über die speisewasserbeheizte Heizanordnung 15" und den Speisewasserleitungsabschnitt 25 mit der'in den Abhitzekessel 3 mündenden Speisewasserzuleitung 6 verbunden.The outlet of the feed water container 5 is connected via an outlet line 21 and the feed water pump 4 to a bypass valve 22 and a heating valve 23. The bypass valve 22 is via the bypass line 24 and the heating valve 23 via the feed water-heated heating arrangement 15 ″ and the feed water line section 25 with the feed water supply line 6 opening into the waste heat boiler 3 connected.

Im Normalfall ist das Bypassventil 22 geschlossen, so dass alles über die Austrittsleitung 21 aus dem Speisewasserbehälter 5 ausströmende Speisewasser über das offene Heizventil 23 in die Heizanordnung 15" einströmt, dort Wärme an das über die Heizwasserzuleitung 13 zuströmende, eine Temperatur von etwa 60°C aufweisende Heizwasser abgibt, und dann über den Speisewasserleitungsabschnitt 25 sowie die anschliessende Speisewasserzuleitung 6 mit einer Temperatur von etwa 65°C zur Verdampfung dem Abhitzekessel 3 zugeführt wird.In the normal case, the bypass valve 22 is closed, so that all the feed water flowing out of the feed water container 5 via the outlet line 21 flows into the heating arrangement 15 ″ via the open heating valve 23, where there is heat to the temperature flowing in via the heating water supply line 13, a temperature of about 60 ° C. has heating water, and then is fed to the waste heat boiler 3 via the feed water line section 25 and the subsequent feed water line 6 at a temperature of about 65 ° C. for evaporation.

Ist aus irgend einem Grund erwünscht, die Temperatur des über die Speisewasserzuleitung 6 dem Abhitzekessel 3 zugeführten Speisewassers zu erhöhen, dann wird das Heizventil 23 teilweise oder ganz geschlossen und das Bypassventil 22 entsprechend geöffnet, so dass in der Heizanordnung 15" weniger oder gar keine Wärme an das über die Heizwasserzuleitung 13 zugeführte Heizwasser abgegeben wird.If for some reason it is desired to increase the temperature of the feed water supplied to the waste heat boiler 3 via the feed water supply line 6, then the heating valve 23 is partially or completely closed and the bypass valve 22 is opened accordingly, so that less or no heat is generated in the heating arrangement 15 " to which heating water supplied via the heating water supply line 13 is released.

Durch die erfindungsgemässe Ausnutzung der, im kondensierten Dampf enthaltenen Wärme zur Vorerwärmung des über die Zuleitung 13 zugeführten, aufzuheizenden, im Heizkondensator 12 als Kühlmittel benutzten Mediums, weist das bei allen in den Fig.1 bis.3 dargestellten Anlagen über die Speisewasserzuleitung 6 dem Abhitzekessel 3 zugeführte Speisewasser am Eintritt in den Abhitzekessel 3 eine Temperatur von nur etwa 65°C gegenüber von etwa 130 bis 140°C bei den bisher bekannten Anlagen auf. Dies ermöglicht bei Anwendung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens eine Ausnutzung der im Abgas enthaltene Abwärme bis hinunter auf eine Temperatur von etwa 100°C, demgegenüber war bei den bisher bekannten Anlagen nur eine Ausnutzung der im Abgas enthaltenen Abwärme bis zu etwa 150 bis 200°C hinunter möglich.Due to the use according to the invention of the heat contained in the condensed steam to preheat the medium to be heated, which is supplied via the supply line 13 and is used as a coolant in the heating condenser 12, this points to the waste heat boiler in all the systems shown in FIGS 3 fed feed water at the entrance to the Waste heat boiler 3 has a temperature of only about 65 ° C compared to about 130 to 140 ° C in the previously known systems. When the method according to the invention is used, this enables the waste heat contained in the exhaust gas to be used down to a temperature of approximately 100 ° C., in contrast, in the systems known hitherto only the waste heat contained in the exhaust gas could be used down to approximately 150 to 200 ° C. .

Claims (36)

1. Verfahren zur Ausnutzung der in einem Abgas enthaltenen Abwärme, bei welchem man dieses Abgas durch einen in einem Dampfkreislauf einer Dampfturbinenanlage angeordneten Abhitzekessel leitet, wobei das Speisewasser aus einem Speisewasserbehälter dem Abhitzekessel zugeführt, in diesem verdampft, der derart erzeugte Dampf nach der Expansion in einer Dampfturbine in einem von einem aufzuheizenden, als Kühlmittel dienenden, gasförmigen oder flüssigem Medium durchströmten Heizkondensator kondensiert und das derart erhaltene Kondensat in den Speisewasserbehälter zurückgeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das mittels dem Heizkondensator aufzuheizende Medium vor der Zuleitung zu letzterem mittels mindestens einer kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung vorerwärmt.1. A method for utilizing the waste heat contained in an exhaust gas, in which this exhaust gas is passed through a waste heat boiler arranged in a steam circuit of a steam turbine system, the feed water from a feed water tank being fed to the waste heat boiler, in which the steam generated in this way evaporates after expansion into a steam turbine is condensed in a heating condenser through which a gaseous or liquid medium to be heated, serving as a coolant, condenses, and the condensate obtained in this way is returned to the feed water tank, characterized in that the medium to be heated by means of the heating condenser is fed to the latter by means of at least one condensate-heated medium Preheated heating arrangement. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das im Heizkondensator erzeugte Kondensat nach der Durchströmung der das aufzuheizende Medium vorerwärmenden Heizanordnung dem Speisewasserbehälter zuführt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensate generated in the heating condenser is fed to the feed water tank after flowing through the heating arrangement preheating the medium to be heated. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das im Heizkondensator erzeugte Kondensat nach der Durchströmung des Speisewasserbehälters der das aufzuheizende Medium vorerwärmenden Heizanordnung zuführt.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the condensate generated in the heating condenser after the flow through the feed water tank of the heating medium to be preheated heating arrangement is supplied. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man den Speisewasserbehälter mittels aus der Dampfturbine, vorzugsweise einer Gegendruckdampfturbine, stammendem Entnahmedampf beheizt.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the feed water tank is heated by means of extraction steam originating from the steam turbine, preferably a counter-pressure steam turbine. 5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das aufzuheizende Medium mittels mindestens zweier auf verschiedenen Druckstufen arbeitender Heizkondensatoren aufheizt, wobei den letzteren aus der Dampfturbine stammender, zu kondensierender Entnahmedampf zugeführt wird.5. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the medium to be heated is heated by means of at least two heating condensers operating at different pressure levels, the latter being fed from the steam turbine to be condensed extraction steam. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das aus beiden Heizkondensatoren anfallende Kondensat miteinander mischt und gemeinsam der das aufzuheizende Medium vorerwärmenden Heizanordnung zuführt.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the condensate obtained from both heating condensers is mixed with one another and jointly supplied to the heating arrangement which preheats the medium to be heated. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das aus dem auf einer höheren Druckstufe sich befindenden Heizkondensator anfallende Kondensat vor dem Beimischen mit aus dem auf einer niederen Druckstufe sich befindenden Heizkondensator anfallenden Kondensat durch eine zwischen diesen beiden Heizkondensatoren angeordnete, das aus dem auf der niederen Druckstufe sich befindenden Heizkondensator anfallende, in diesem als Kühlmittel dienende, aufzuheizende Medium aufheizende Heizanordnung leitet.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the condensate obtained from the heating condenser located at a higher pressure level before admixing with the condensate obtained from the heating condenser located at a lower pressure level by an arranged between these two heating condensers, which from the at the lower pressure level located heating condenser conducts, in this serves as a coolant, heating medium heating heating arrangement. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das aufzuheizende, im Heizkondensator als Kühlmittel dienende Medium vor der Zuleitung zur ersten kondensatbeheizten Heizanordnung mittels mindestens einem Teil des aus dem Speisewasserbehälter austretenden Speisewassers vorerwärmt.8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the medium to be heated, which serves as a coolant in the heating condenser, is preheated by means of at least part of the feed water emerging from the feed water tank before being fed to the first condensate-heated heating arrangement. 9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das dem Abhitzekessel zugeführte Abgas mindestens zeitweise vor der Einleitung in den letzteren mittels einer Zusatzfeuerung erhitzt.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the exhaust gas supplied to the waste heat boiler is heated at least temporarily before being introduced into the latter by means of additional firing. 10. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass man das Abgas einer Gasturbine oder eines Verbrennungsmotors dem Abhitzekessel zuführt.
Bezugszeichenliste10. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the exhaust gas of a gas turbine or an internal combustion engine is fed to the waste heat boiler.
Reference symbol list 1 = Abgaszuleitung1 = exhaust pipe 2 = Zusatzfeuerung2 = additional firing 3 = Abhitzekessel3 = waste heat boiler 4 = Speisewasserpumpe4 = feed water pump 5 = Speisewasserbehälter5 = feed water tank 6 = Speisewasserzuleitung6 = feed water supply 7 = Dampfleitung7 = steam pipe 8 = Gegendruckdampfturbine8 = back pressure steam turbine 9 = Generator9 = generator 10 = Gegendruckdampfleitung10 = back pressure steam line 11 = Abführleitung11 = discharge line 12,12'= Heizkondensator12.12 '= heating condenser 13 - Heizwasserzuleitung13 - Heating water supply 14 = Kondensatpumpe14 = condensate pump 15,15'= kondensatbeheizte Heizanordnung15.15 '= condensate-heated heating arrangement 15"= speisewasserbeheizte Heizanordnung15 "= feed water heated heating arrangement 16 = Heizwasseraustrittsleitung16 = heating water outlet pipe 17 = Kondensatleitung17 = condensate line 18 = Abgasleitung18 = exhaust pipe 19 = Entnahmedampfleitung19 = extraction steam line 20 = Kondensatverbindungsleitung20 = condensate connection line 21 = Austrittsleitung21 = outlet line 22 = Bypassventil22 = bypass valve 23 = Heizventil23 = heating valve 24 = Bypassleitung24 = bypass line 25 = Speisewasserleitungsabschnitt25 = feed water line section
EP79200353A 1979-07-02 1979-07-02 Method for the utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases Ceased EP0020821A1 (en)

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EP79200353A EP0020821A1 (en) 1979-07-02 1979-07-02 Method for the utilisation of waste heat from exhaust gases
JP8857080A JPS5618008A (en) 1979-07-02 1980-07-01 Method of utilizing heat of exhaust gas

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DE3836463A1 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-03 Ruhrgas Ag Method and device for utilising the waste heat of a process
CN102400719A (en) * 2011-11-28 2012-04-04 北京北重汽轮电机有限责任公司 Heating heat supply cogeneration steam turbine
CN112983579A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-18 西安交通大学 Cold end system of thermal power plant and efficiency optimization method thereof

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JPS5573337A (en) * 1978-11-30 1980-06-03 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd Emulsifying or solubilizing composition
JPWO2010092684A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2012-08-16 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Working gas circulation engine
US11274575B2 (en) 2016-03-29 2022-03-15 Mitsubishi Power, Ltd. Gas turbine plant and operation method therefor

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DE2512774A1 (en) * 1975-03-22 1976-09-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Gas turbine water heating system - uses combination of exhaust gas heat and steam counter pressure (NL240976)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB295326A (en) * 1927-08-09 1929-11-01 Siemens Ag Counter pressure steam power installation
FR1043235A (en) * 1950-10-06 1953-11-06 Escher Wyss Ag Steam power plant equipped with a backpressure turbine
DE1099888B (en) * 1955-09-30 1961-02-16 Siemens Ag Wet steam generator installation, in particular on tankers
DE2513581A1 (en) * 1975-03-06 1976-09-09 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Turbine regulating bled steam system - has adjustable stator blades downstream of bleed point for maintaining efficiency
DE2512774A1 (en) * 1975-03-22 1976-09-30 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Gas turbine water heating system - uses combination of exhaust gas heat and steam counter pressure (NL240976)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3836463A1 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-03 Ruhrgas Ag Method and device for utilising the waste heat of a process
DE3836463C2 (en) * 1988-10-26 1998-09-10 Ruhrgas Ag Method and device for using waste heat from a process
CN102400719A (en) * 2011-11-28 2012-04-04 北京北重汽轮电机有限责任公司 Heating heat supply cogeneration steam turbine
CN112983579A (en) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-18 西安交通大学 Cold end system of thermal power plant and efficiency optimization method thereof
CN112983579B (en) * 2021-03-09 2022-06-07 西安交通大学 A cold end system of thermal power plant and its efficiency optimization method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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