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EP0020218B1 - Strahlungsgekühlter, mit erniedrigtem Potential vorgespannter Mehrstufenkollektor für eine Mikrowellenröhre und Mikrowellenröhre mit einem solchen Kollektor - Google Patents

Strahlungsgekühlter, mit erniedrigtem Potential vorgespannter Mehrstufenkollektor für eine Mikrowellenröhre und Mikrowellenröhre mit einem solchen Kollektor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0020218B1
EP0020218B1 EP19800400648 EP80400648A EP0020218B1 EP 0020218 B1 EP0020218 B1 EP 0020218B1 EP 19800400648 EP19800400648 EP 19800400648 EP 80400648 A EP80400648 A EP 80400648A EP 0020218 B1 EP0020218 B1 EP 0020218B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
envelope
electrodes
accordance
microwave tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19800400648
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0020218A1 (de
Inventor
Philippe Gosset
Pierre Ribout
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0020218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0020218A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0020218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0020218B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/027—Collectors
    • H01J23/0275—Multistage collectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a depressed multi-stage collector, cooled by radiation, for microwave tubes. It also relates to microwave tubes comprising such a collector.
  • microwave tubes such as klystrons or traveling wave tubes
  • the collector of these tubes therefore receives, to the fraction of energy transmitted to the microwave wave, all the energy of the electron beam and dissipates it in the form of heat. We must try to reduce this dissipated energy, on the one hand, to reduce the difficulties associated with the evacuation of heat, and on the other hand, to increase the efficiency of the tubes.
  • a known solution for reducing the energy consists in using a depressed collector with several stages, comprising several electrodes brought to decreasing potentials and of values lower than those of the potential of the delay line, in the case of a progressive tube, or to that of the cavities, in the case of a klystron.
  • the electrons are then sorted according to their energy and the electrons are thus collected at the lowest possible potential.
  • German patent application 2,636,913 discloses a multi-stage depressed collector comprising an insulating envelope 17.
  • the electrodes 1 to 5 of this collector are carried by rods 14 covered with insulation 10 and these rods are fixed to the casing 17 by means of a support flange 12.
  • Elastic blades 21 serving as shock absorbers are in addition arranged between the envelope and that of the electrodes 1 to 5 which is furthest from the flange 12.
  • the present invention relates to a depressed multi-stage collector, cooled by radiation, in particular for microwave tubes, and comprising a vacuum enclosure made of insulating material, of substantially cylindrical shape, as well as several electrodes placed in the path of the electron beam and brought to different potentials, characterized in that the electrodes in question are fixed to the vacuum enclosure by means of metal supports.
  • the collector according to the invention has the advantage of being well cooled, only by radiation, which is advantageous for space applications.
  • the temperature of the electrodes is only about 100 ° C. above the temperature of the enclosure, whereas it is 300 to 400 ° C above the temperature of the enclosure for the collector according to the known art which was discussed above.
  • the collector according to the invention also has the advantage of being completely electrically isolated and of being easy to assemble.
  • FIG. 1 represents an embodiment, seen in longitudinal section along the axis of revolution 00 ′, of a collector according to the invention.
  • the vacuum enclosure 1 of the collector is a cylinder of insulating material.
  • the collector according to the invention is a depressed collector, with several stages, which therefore comprises several electrodes 2 placed on the path of an electron beam and brought to different potentials.
  • the electrodes 2 are fixed to the vacuum enclosure 1 by means of metal supports 3. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the electrodes are fixed to the supports 3 by screws 8.
  • the geometry of the electrodes 2 allows to avoid, in known manner, the emission by the secondary electron electrodes to the rest of the tube and also makes it possible to protect the insulating enclosure 1, in particular against metallic vaporizations.
  • the metal supports 3 are brazed to the enclosure made of insulating material by a high temperature solder 4 which improves the thermal bond between the electrodes 2 and the vacuum enclosure 1.
  • the vacuum enclosure 1 is generally made of ceramic and preferably of alumina.
  • Alumina has in fact, in the temperature range considered, good absorption and good emissivity of the order of 0.8, without requiring treatment as is the case when using a stainless steel enclosure.
  • the collector according to the invention has the advantage of being entirely electrically isolated; on the other hand, it allows good evacuation by thermal conduction of the power dissipated on the electrodes towards the enclosure, which therefore ensures both the isolation and the radiation of the power.
  • the metal supports are therefore previously brazed on the vacuum enclosure, then the electrodes 2 are put in place.
  • the placement of the electrodes which have generally for axis of revolution the axis of the enclosure, can be done in different ways and Figures 2, 3 and 4 show in a nonlimiting manner three possibilities of placement of the electrodes.
  • the manifold according to the invention is shown seen in cross section.
  • the metal supports 3 are constituted by bosses brazed to the vacuum enclosure 1.
  • the electrodes 2 have notches 6 corresponding to the bosses which allow them to be put in place.
  • the metal supports 3 are constituted by rings, of the same diameters and notched.
  • the electrodes 2 include notches 6 alternating with those of the rings and which allow their positioning. In Figures 2 and 3, only the external diameter of an electrode 2 having notches has been shown.
  • FIG. 4 represents an embodiment, seen in longitudinal section along the axis of revolution 00 ′, of a collector according to the invention.
  • the screws for fixing the electrodes 2 to the supports 3 are not shown.
  • the metal supports 3 consist of rings, of internal diameter increasing as a function of their distance from the bottom of the enclosure 7.
  • the external diameter of the electrodes 2 also increases as a function of this distance, which allows them to be placed in place.
  • the three embodiments of the invention shown in Figures 2, 3 and 4 can be used when the metal supports 3 are brazed on the enclosure 1, as is the case in Figure 1, or when the metal supports 3 are mechanically fixed to the enclosure 1.
  • the electrodes are made of a material having a good emissivity, such as pyrolytic graphite, it is not necessary to establish a good thermal contact between the metal supports and the enclosure, and therefore, there is no it is not necessary to solder the metal supports on the enclosure.
  • the metal supports can then simply be mechanically fixed on the enclosure.
  • FIG. 5 represents a nonlimiting embodiment, seen in longitudinal section along the axis of revolution 00 ′ of a collector according to the invention in the case of the metal supports 3 are mechanically fixed on the enclosure 1.
  • the electrodes are first fixed on the metal supports, then, the supports are mechanically fixed on the enclosure whose internal diameter increases discontinuously depending on the distance to the bottom of the enclosure, for example by means of elastic metal rods 5, as shown in FIG. 5. The mounting of the electrodes is thus carried out very simply.
  • the bottom 7 of the vacuum enclosure 1 can be made of a material different from the insulator constituting the rest of the enclosure.
  • the bottom 7 of the enclosure can be metallic, it can also be connected to a pipe or have orifices allowing the supply of voltage to the tube.
  • the metal supports are formed by the extension of the electrodes which are therefore metallic in this case and the electrodes can therefore be fixed directly mechanically to i vacuum chamber.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Strahlungsgekühlter, auf erniedrigtes Potential vorgespannter Mehrstufenkollektor für eine Mikrowellenröhre mit mehreren im Inneren einer Vakuumhülle im wesentlichen zylindrischer Form aus Isoliermaterial auf der Bahn des Elektronenbündels der Röhre angeordneten Elektroden, die auf verschiedene Potentiale gelegt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden (2) an der Vakuumhülle (1) über Metallhalterungen (3) befestigt sind.
2. Kollektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen (3) an der Hülle (1) aus Isoliermaterial hartverlötet sind.
3. Kollektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen (3) an der Hülle (1) aus Isoliermaterial mechanisch befestigt sind.
4. Kollektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen (3) Ringe sind, deren Innendurchmesser in Funktion von ihrem Abstand vom Boden der Hülle zunimmt, und daß der Außendurchmesser der Elektroden (2), deren Umdrehungskörperachse mit der Achse der Hülle übereinstimmt, ebenfalls in Funktion von dieser Entfernung zunimmt.
5. Kollektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen (3) mit Aussparungen versehene Ringe desselben Durchmessers sind und daß die Elektroden (2), deren Umdrehungskörperachse mit der Achse der Hülle übereinstimmt, Aussparungen aufweisen, die mit denen der Ringe abwechseln.
6. Kollektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen (3) durch an der Vakuumhülle (1) befestigte Erhebungen gebildet sind und daß die Elektroden (2), deren Umdrehungskörperachse mit der Achse der Hülle übereinstimmt, Aussparungen aufweisen, die den Erhebungen entsprechen.
7. Kollektor nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen (3) an der Hülle (1), deren Innendurchmesser diskontinuierlich in Abhängigkeit von der Entfernung zum Boden der Hülle zunimmt, durch elastische Metallringe (5) mechanisch befestigt sind.
8. Kollektor nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallhalterungen durch die Verlängerung der Elektroden gebildet sind.
9. Kollektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vakuumhülle (1) aus Keramik gebildet ist.
10. Mikrowellenröhre, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Kollektor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 enthält.
EP19800400648 1979-05-23 1980-05-12 Strahlungsgekühlter, mit erniedrigtem Potential vorgespannter Mehrstufenkollektor für eine Mikrowellenröhre und Mikrowellenröhre mit einem solchen Kollektor Expired EP0020218B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7913202A FR2457559A1 (fr) 1979-05-23 1979-05-23 Collecteur deprime a plusieurs etages, refroidi par rayonnement, pour tube hyperfrequence et tube hyperfrequence comportant un tel collecteur
FR7913202 1979-05-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0020218A1 EP0020218A1 (de) 1980-12-10
EP0020218B1 true EP0020218B1 (de) 1983-05-11

Family

ID=9225814

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800400648 Expired EP0020218B1 (de) 1979-05-23 1980-05-12 Strahlungsgekühlter, mit erniedrigtem Potential vorgespannter Mehrstufenkollektor für eine Mikrowellenröhre und Mikrowellenröhre mit einem solchen Kollektor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0020218B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS55155446A (de)
DE (1) DE3063069D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2457559A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2411517A (en) 2004-02-27 2005-08-31 E2V Tech Uk Ltd Collector arrangement
CN109216134B (zh) * 2018-09-06 2020-05-12 电子科技大学 一种高性能多级降压收集极结构优化方法
CN113921355B (zh) * 2021-10-09 2024-02-06 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 收集极及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE482591A (de) * 1940-08-17
FR2219518B1 (de) * 1973-02-23 1976-11-05 Thomson Csf
DE2636913C2 (de) * 1976-08-17 1985-06-05 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Strahlungsgekühlter Mehrstufenkollektor
US4096409A (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-06-20 Litton Systems, Inc. Multistage depressed collector

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2457559A1 (fr) 1980-12-19
DE3063069D1 (en) 1983-06-16
FR2457559B1 (de) 1982-02-12
JPS55155446A (en) 1980-12-03
EP0020218A1 (de) 1980-12-10

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