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EP0019484B1 - Compositions contenant des dérivés tensio-actifs non-ioniques et procédé pour leur fabrication - Google Patents

Compositions contenant des dérivés tensio-actifs non-ioniques et procédé pour leur fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0019484B1
EP0019484B1 EP80301650A EP80301650A EP0019484B1 EP 0019484 B1 EP0019484 B1 EP 0019484B1 EP 80301650 A EP80301650 A EP 80301650A EP 80301650 A EP80301650 A EP 80301650A EP 0019484 B1 EP0019484 B1 EP 0019484B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
detergent
copolymer
spray
nonionic surfactants
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80301650A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0019484A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Curtis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Original Assignee
Unilever PLC
Unilever NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilever PLC, Unilever NV filed Critical Unilever PLC
Priority to AT80301650T priority Critical patent/ATE2907T1/de
Publication of EP0019484A1 publication Critical patent/EP0019484A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0019484B1 publication Critical patent/EP0019484B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
    • C11D3/0084—Antioxidants; Free-radical scavengers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
    • C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Definitions

  • This invention relates principally to detergent powders containing a nonionic surfactant as the major detergent active compound. It also relates to a process for preparation of such detergent powders.
  • US Patent No. 3,403,107 discloses the use of antioxidants for inhibition of smoke formation during spray-drying of nonionic surfactants and more significantly discloses a large number of phenolic antioxidants, including some which are substituted bis phenols.
  • the invention provides a composition
  • a composition comprising from 2 to 50% by weight of a nonionic surfactant in the form of a C 6 -C 24 primary or secondary alcohol ethoxylated with from 3 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol and from 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of a phenolic antioxidant, characterised in that the phenolic antioxidant comprises a copolymer of dicyclopentadiene with a mixture of 2- and 3-methyl phenols.
  • the invention provides a process for the manufacture of a detergent powder which comprises forming an aqueous slurry comprising an amount of a nonionic surfactant in the form of a C 6 -C 24 primary or secondary alcohol ethoxylated with from 3 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alcohol sufficient to provide from 2 to 50% by weight of the surfactant in the spray-dried powder and a minor amount of a phenolic antioxidant, and spray-drying it characterised in that the phenolic antioxidant comprises a copolymer of dicyclopentadiene with a mixture of 2- and 3-methyl phenols.
  • a copolymer of dicyclopentadiene with a mixture of 2- and 3-methyl phenols is sold by Lowi GmbH under the trade name “Lowinox 22CP46”. It is believed to have the general formula - In the remainder of the specification this antioxidant is referred to as "22CP46".
  • this antioxidant has a combination of advantages which make it, so far as we are aware, one of only two commercially available antioxidants suitable for use in detergent powders containing nonionic surfactants, the other one being Topanoi CA' (registered Trade Mark) which is a hindered phenol, the use of which is described in DOLS 2 806 702. It is stable in hot alkaline media and does not give rise to colouration in an otherwise colourless composition. It is soluble in nonionic surfactants of the sort most commonly used in detergent compositions, that is those having hydrophobes derived from C 8-20 primary and secondary alcohols and hydrophilic components formed from 5 to 20 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • Topanoi CA' registered Trade Mark
  • 22CP46 can be used either simply mixed with a nonionic surfactant, to inhibit oxidation in a storage tank, or it can be admixed with the surfactant when the crutcher slurry is formulated to inhibit oxidation during spray-drying and subsequently.
  • 22CP46 is extremely effective at very low levels in the detergent powder. As little as 0.001% based on the weight of the final detergent powder is effective, although 0.02 to 0.10% by weight is preferred. Obviously the minimum effective amount will be used having regard to the cost of the material.
  • 22CP46 is normally incorporated in the crutcher slurry in solution or dispersion but may also be injected into a high pressure line carrying pressurised slurry to the spraying nozzles of a spray-drying tower.
  • nonionic surfactant is being supplied to the spray-drying tower in that way, then 22CP46 can be dissolved in the surfactant and. injected at the same time.
  • the amount of nonionic surfactant present in the detergent slurry will be sufficient to provide from 2 to 50% by weight in the final powder. All of the nonionic surfactant required in the spray-dried powder may be incorporated into the slurry or part of it may be incorporated by another method, such as by spraying onto the spray-dried powder, or by using a preformed adjunct. In the latter case the slurry will contain 2 to 15% by weight of nonionic surfactant based on the final powder.
  • the invention is applicable not only to detergent slurries and powders in which the surfactant is nonionic, but also to those containing mixtures of nonionic surfactants with other surface active species.
  • examples of these are synthetic anionic detergents, primary and secondary alkyl sulphates, olefine sulphonates and alkyl benzene sulphonates, salts of fatty acids (soaps), cationic and zwitterionic surfactants.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the spray-drying of powders containing nonionic surfactants of the alkoxylated alcohol type although other nonionic surfactants which give powders susceptible to autoxidation will also exhibit the improvement.
  • the alcohols used can be primary or secondary alcohols containing straight or branched carbon chains.
  • the number of carbon atoms will generally be from 6 to about 24, preferably from about 8 to 18 and most preferably from about 11 to 16.
  • These alcohols may be the so-called synthetic alcohols made by the well-known Ziegler or Oxo processes, or the so-called "natural alcohols” made by hydrogenation of fatty acid derivatives, for example tallow alcohol.
  • the alkoxylation reaction will be carried out by conventional means, generally using ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or both.
  • the degree of ethoxylation can vary widely both from one hydrophobe to the other and even when using a single hydrophobe.
  • ethylene oxide chains containing as few as 1 and more than 20 ethylene oxide units are quite often found in nonionic surfactants and will be applicable here.
  • hydrophilic-lipophilic balance An approximate method of determining the HLB of alcohol ethoxylate is to use the expression
  • Nonionic surfactants which are suitable for use in heavy duty fabric washing powders generally having an HLB in the range 9 to 16, although HLB's outside this range are not excluded.
  • nonionic surfactant is that the alcohols containing both short carbon and short ethoxylate chain lengths are relatively low boiling and can volatilise under the conditions prevailing in a spray-drying tower.
  • Preferred alcohol ethoxylates for use in this invention are derived from the following series:
  • Ukanils which are a series of ethoxylates of Oxo alcohols containing about 25% of alpha methyl branched and about 10% of ethyl branched material (Acropols (Trade Mark) manufactured by Ugine Kuhlmann et Cie, especially Acropol 35-7, 35-9, 35-1 and 35-15 which are derived from a mixture of C 13 -C 15 alcohols).
  • Synperonics (Trade Mark), a series of ethoxylates of alcohols containing 45-55% of alkyl branching, mostly methyl branching, sold by Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, especially those based on a C 13-15 mixture of alcohols and ethoxylated to 7, 9, 11 and 15 units of ethylene oxide.
  • Ethoxylates of primary Ziegler alcohols Alfols (Trade Mark) derived from ethylene, manufactured by Conoco-Condea, especially Alfol 12/14-7, 12/14-9, 12/14-12, 12/14-15 and Aifot 14/12-7,14/12-9, 14/12-12, 14/12-15 which are ethoxylates of mixtures of C 12 and C 14 alcohols.
  • Ethoxylates of primary Ox6 alcohols containing about 60% branched material sometimes called Lials (Trade Mark) produced from olefins manufactured by Liquichimica.
  • Lutensols (Trade Mark), which are a series of ethoxylated alcohols sold by BASF, especially Lutensol A07 and Lutensol A08.
  • ethoxylates of natural alcohols such as tallow alcohol can be used.
  • the required HLB can be achieved not only by selecting the carbon chain length of the hydrophobe and the length of the ethyleneoxy chain in a single or substantially single material (because of the nature of their process of production, all nonionic surfactants which are spoken of as if they were single substances are in fact mixtures). It can also be achieved by deliberately taking two "substances" of widely differing HLB's and mixing them. This approach is described in Netherlands patent application No. 7 413 522 and in Netherlands patent application No. 7 406 003. It is also possible to obtain the required HLB by "stripping" some chain lengths from a nonionic surfactant mixture as described in patent applications based on US S/No. 453 462 and US patent 3 682 849.
  • the detergency builders which may be used in the compositions of this invention may be any of the sequestrant or precipitant builders which have been suggested to replace phosphate builders, or they may be phosphate salts, or mixtures of any one of these, generally in amounts from 10 to 60% by weight in the case of phosphate builders and 10 to 35% by weight in the case of non-phosphate ones.
  • detergency builders which may be used are ortho-, pyro- and tripolyphosphates; aluminosilicates; carbonates, especially the sodium carbonate/calcium carbonate combination; polyphosphonates such as ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate; amine carboxylates such as nitrilotriacetates and ethylene diamine tetra acetates; ether carboxylates such as oxydiacetates, oxydisuccinates, carboxymethyloxysuccinates and malonates; citrates; mellitates; and salts of polymeric carboxylic acids such as polymaleates, polyitaconates and polyacrylates. These salts will normally contain alkali metal or ammonium cations, preferably sodium.
  • Mixtures of sodium ortho- and tripolyphosphate are also suitable detergency builders, particularly mixtures in the range 10:1 to 1:5, preferably 5:1 to 1:1 tripolyphosphate to orthophosphate, in amounts of 10 to 60% by weight.
  • detergent compositions may be present in conventional amounts.
  • powder flow aids such as finely divided silicas and aluminosilicates
  • antiredeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose
  • oxygen-releasing bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate
  • per-acid bleach precursors such as tetra- acetylethylenediamine
  • chlorine-releasing bleaching agents such as trichloroisocyanuric acid and alkali metal salts of dichloroisocyanuric acid
  • fabric softening agents such as clays of the smectite and illite types
  • antiashing aids starches
  • slurry stabilisers such as copolyethylene maleic anhydride and copoly- vinylmethylether maleic anhydride, usually in salt form, inorganic salts such as sodium silicates and sodium sulphate, and usually present in very minor amounts
  • fluorescent agents such as perfumes, enzymes such as proteases and amylases, germicides and colourants
  • the detergent compositions usually have an alkanline pH, generally in the region of pH 9-11, which is achieved by the presence of-alkaline salts, especially sodium silicates such as the meta-, neutral or alkaline silicates (Na 2 O:S'0 2 1:1 to 1:3.3), preferably at levels up to about 15% by weight.
  • alkanline salts especially sodium silicates such as the meta-, neutral or alkaline silicates (Na 2 O:S'0 2 1:1 to 1:3.3), preferably at levels up to about 15% by weight.
  • Results can be presented either as the time taken to autoxidise at a given temperature (times greater than 24 hours for samples held at 150°C are considered good), or as the maximum temperature at which no oxidation occurs within 24 hours (temperature increments of 10°C are normally used when ease of autoxidation is assessed in this way).
  • the 22CP46 imparted no colouration to the spray-dried material in the spray-drying power exhaust gases, thus confirming its stability to both alkaline media and heat, and its low volatility
  • Gum Guaicum is an antioxidant of the hindered phenol type used in foodstuffs.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)

Claims (6)

1. Composition contenant de 2 à 50% en poids d'un agent tensio-actif non-ionique sous la forme d'un alcool primaire ou secondaire en Cµ à C24 éthoxylé avec de 3 à 25 moles d'éthylénoxyde par mole d'alcool et de 0,001 à 0,5% en poids d'un anti-oxydant phénolique, caractérisée en ce que l'anti-oxydant phénolique comprend un copolymère de dicyclopentadiène avec un mélange de 2- et 3-méthylphénols.
2. Composition selon la revendication 1 sous la forme d'une poudre détergente séchée par pulvérisation.
3. Composition selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 comprenant de 0,02 à 0,10% en poids du copolymère.
4. Composition détergente selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant de 10 à 60% en poids d'un auxiliaire de détergence phosphaté.
5. Composition détergente selon la revendication 4 comprenant de 10 à 35% en poids d'un auxiliaire de détergence non phosphaté.
6. Procédé de préparation d'une poudre détergente dans lequel on forme une bouillie aqueuse comprenant une certaine quantité d'un agent tension-actif non-ionique sous la forme d'un alcool primaire ou secondaire en Cµ à C24 éthoxylé avec de 3 à 25 moles d'éthylénoxyde par mole d'alcool de manière suffisante pour fournier de 2 à 50% en poids de l'agent tensio-actif dans la poudre séchée par pulvérisation et une quantité secondaire d'un anti-oxydant phénolique, et on la sèche par pulvérisation, caractérisé en ce que l'anti-oxydant phénolique comprend un copolymère de dicyclopentadiène avec un mélange de 2- et 3-méthyl-phénols.
EP80301650A 1979-05-21 1980-05-20 Compositions contenant des dérivés tensio-actifs non-ioniques et procédé pour leur fabrication Expired EP0019484B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80301650T ATE2907T1 (de) 1979-05-21 1980-05-20 Nichtionische tenside enthaltende zusammensetzungen und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7917636 1979-05-21
GB7917636 1979-05-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0019484A1 EP0019484A1 (fr) 1980-11-26
EP0019484B1 true EP0019484B1 (fr) 1983-03-30

Family

ID=10505311

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80301650A Expired EP0019484B1 (fr) 1979-05-21 1980-05-20 Compositions contenant des dérivés tensio-actifs non-ioniques et procédé pour leur fabrication

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0019484B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS55155098A (fr)
AT (1) ATE2907T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1121245A (fr)
DE (1) DE3062511D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8105383A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA803001B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07122153B2 (ja) * 1987-06-02 1995-12-25 第一工業製薬株式会社 粉体洗浄剤組成物
GB0511313D0 (en) * 2005-06-03 2005-07-13 Unilever Plc Incorporation of antioxidant in detergent composition
US20090029896A1 (en) † 2006-02-24 2009-01-29 Andrew Paul Chapple Fast Release Granules
US9567551B2 (en) 2012-06-22 2017-02-14 Ecolab Usa Inc. Solid rinse aid composition and method of making same
US9011610B2 (en) * 2012-06-22 2015-04-21 Ecolab Usa Inc. Solid fast draining/drying rinse aid for high total dissolved solid water conditions

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3682849A (en) * 1970-10-08 1972-08-08 Shell Oil Co Alcohol ethoxylates
GB1586067A (en) * 1976-10-28 1981-03-18 Procter & Gamble Detergent composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES491705A0 (es) 1981-05-16
JPS55155098A (en) 1980-12-03
ZA803001B (en) 1981-12-30
CA1121245A (fr) 1982-04-06
JPS618876B2 (fr) 1986-03-18
DE3062511D1 (en) 1983-05-05
EP0019484A1 (fr) 1980-11-26
ATE2907T1 (de) 1983-04-15
ES8105383A1 (es) 1981-05-16

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