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EP0013998B1 - Coffrage perdu pour la fabrication de murs ou planchers pour bâtiments, usines ou clôtures conventionnels préfabriqués et procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Coffrage perdu pour la fabrication de murs ou planchers pour bâtiments, usines ou clôtures conventionnels préfabriqués et procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0013998B1
EP0013998B1 EP80100417A EP80100417A EP0013998B1 EP 0013998 B1 EP0013998 B1 EP 0013998B1 EP 80100417 A EP80100417 A EP 80100417A EP 80100417 A EP80100417 A EP 80100417A EP 0013998 B1 EP0013998 B1 EP 0013998B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shuttering
slots
walls
section
slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80100417A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0013998A1 (fr
Inventor
Carlo Banchi
Mino Noseda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Isobuild S A Rl
Original Assignee
Isobuild S A Rl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Isobuild S A Rl filed Critical Isobuild S A Rl
Publication of EP0013998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0013998A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0013998B1 publication Critical patent/EP0013998B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/18—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members
    • E04B5/19—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly cast between filling members the filling members acting as self-supporting permanent forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling

Definitions

  • This patent application relates to the field of building constructions.
  • Types of lost shutterings at present known would comprise shutterings of compressed wood fiber, formed by two spaced apart facing panels interconnected by spacing partitions, also of wood pulp, so as to provide chambers which are more or less extended along the panel and partially intended for concrete reception.
  • FR-A-2.318.286 teaches a thermoplastic resin extruded article, having longitudinal slots with an irregular triangular shape in cross-section, which is used as a lost shuttering in concrete slab casting.
  • Said article has a substantially tubular shape, having thin longitudinal partitions which are for supporting external walls.
  • Said previous patent teaches also a concrete slab casting process comprising the step of casting concrete on an exterior surface of a plurality of such articles. Said articles and process cannot be used to cast vertical walls and columns.
  • Previous patent FR-A-906470 teaches a lattice structure comprising reeds tied up with wires for use in casting reinforced concrete walls; however such a structure does not have a containing function for the concrete but only a supporting function therefor; moreover such structure is likely to be complicated and expensive, breakable and difficult to handle.
  • a shuttering comprises a panel having internal hollows or slots parallel arranged in longitudinal direction, having opposing substantially equilateral triangular section, such as to define in cross-section a reticular latticework having inclined rods, preferably at 60° to one another and with respect to the upper and lower booms or parts.
  • the thickness of such inclined rods and upper and lower booms is the same or identical.
  • the shuttering is made of polystyrene or polyurethane, but could be made of wood fiber or glass fiber and resin as well.
  • the novel lost shuttering may be used both for walls and floors. According to the novel process of this invention, it is used by casting concrete into one or more triangular cavities or hollows preset with metal reinforcement in a per se well known manner.
  • the shuttering may be fabricated in a single size or in standard sizes and readily cut to the sizes and shapes as desired for making a wall, or providing a window opening or a door opening. It is lightweight, handy, can be produced at comparatively low costs and has a high mechanical strength to the concrete casting effects due to the opposing arrangement of the triangular hollows or slots, and has an excellent heat insulation in connection with the recent provisions of the law.
  • the new shuttering allows a conventional finish of the wall surface with a plaster coating applied on a supporting wire mesh/or lath. It has the evident advantage of not providing any heat bridge.
  • the novel shuttering has the further advantage of allowing the installation of technological equipments or plants without any masonry work, as it is only needed to cut away part of the polystyrene to allow for the tube passage.
  • the absence of vertical or horizontal joints in the finished construction is a further advantage. It is another advantage that no special fittings are required for installing the panels.
  • Another advantage is the possibility of carrying out the required operations or works at very high or very low temperatures without any use of antifreezing or curing agents.
  • the shuttering may be used for carrying into effect various types of buildings, such as cottages, multi-storey buildings and, for example, also for the building of swimming pools.
  • a shuttering or formwork 10 is formed of a single piece and essentially comprises a pair of parallel flat parts or walls 11 and 12 which are interconnected by inclined partitions, such as 13 and 14, so as to define a series of slots or channels or hollows 19 and 20, passing substantially parallel to one another along said shuttering and of triangular shape in cross-section, with the slots or hollows 19 and 20 alternatively of opposing shape.
  • the shuttering When considering any cross-section of the shuttering, that is a section perpendicular to the axes of said slots or hollows, the shuttering has the appearance of a reticular beam or lattice girder, as shown in Fig. 2, in which the lower boom is the section of the flat part or portion 12, the upper boom is the section of the flat portion 11, and the diagonals are the partitions 13 and 14 defining said slots or hollows 19 and 20.
  • the latter are of triangular cross-section, preferably but not necessarily of regular triangle shape with rounded corners.
  • the angle ⁇ that each partition 13 (or 14) makes with an adjacent partition 14 (or 13) or with the adjacent flat portion is of about 60°.
  • a preferred material for the manufacture of the shuttering is polystyrene, but the use is also contemplated of polyurethanes. Additionally, the shuttering could be also made of wood fiber, or glass fiber and resin.
  • the shuttering is cut to the desired size and shape (in the case with openings for doors or windows), for example by means of a thermal knife or a simple ripsaw, and then positioned in place by suitable strutting boards or stulls (shores).
  • said slots or hollows 19 and 20 have then functional metal reinforcements inserted therein for structural purposes, such reinforcements being made of standardized latticeworks readily available on the market.
  • Such reinforcements are drawn by mere way of unrestrictive indication on the figures of the accompanying drawings and are designated at 30.
  • connection bars or cross stiffening brackets such as that shown at 32 of Fig. 2 are prearranged between two opposing adjacent slots or hollows.
  • connection bars or cross stiffening brackets such as that shown at 32 of Fig. 2
  • connection bars or cross stiffening brackets are prearranged between two opposing adjacent slots or hollows.
  • connection bars are inserted between the center line of the triangle base of a slot or hollow and the center line of the triangle base of the adjacent slot or hollow.
  • the so-called "pointing" is prearranged, that is to say that metal pins or needles, for example such as those shown at 34 of Fig. 2, are driven into the polystyrene, preferably to project on both faces of the polystyrene; then concrete is cast into preselected spaced apart slots or hollows 19 and/or 20, to provide a structural assembly of reinforced cement mix, horizontal and/or vertical and interconnected, forming a spatial latticework of close mesh (in the order of 45-60 cm) which is particularly suitable for aseismatic constructions.
  • the vertical wall (and/or the soffit of the horizontal floor or panel) is then plastered (with plaster 38) directly on the lost shuttering with the aid or support of a lath or network 36 previously installed and secured by said pins or needles 34. If required, prior to lath installation, the electrical, heating plants and the like are provided. When desiring to provide non load-bearing or curtain walls, the operations for installing the cross stiffening brackets and pointing may be omitted.
  • the shuttering 10 may be cut, for example as the shuttering 10' of Fig. 3, for the introduction with the shuttering at horizontal attitude of the indicative reinforcements 40 and concrete; or shutterings 10' can be made as preformed with such a shape.
  • a longitudinal portion has been removed to provide a longitudinal passage 22 for the communication between one slot or hollow 20 at the top apex zone thereof and the outside.
  • pointing pins or needles, lath and plaster can be arranged.
  • a plurality of joists of this type can be provided in the shuttering for use as floor panel. It is clear that by providing the vertical pillarings more or less near one another in a vertical panel, and by providing the horizontal joists 21 more or less near one another in a horizontal panel a larger or lower vertical load bearing capacity in the walls and a greater or less possibility of overloading in the floors is provided.
  • the triangular shape of the slots or hollows has considerable advantages for the wall obtained also from the standpoint of insulation; thus, the thermal wave encounters a thickness of polystyrene which is the sum of the flat parts 11 and 12 only at few positions in the wall extension (as shown by dash and dot line at a), whereas over the entire other extension encounters a thickness which is the sum of the thickness of part 11, part 12 and an oblique length along the partition 13 or 14 (as shown by dash and dot line at b).
  • a shuttering according to the invention was used as made of foamed polystyrene, density 20-22 kg/cu.m.; height in net span 3 m; thickness 20 cm; width 1 m (net width 0.96 m).
  • the triangular slots or hollows had in cross-section a base of 13 cm and a height of 14 cm. The flat portions and partitions were 3 cm thick.
  • pillarings were casted reinforced with metal frame work or latticework comprising 3 bars 08 of ribbed steel FE B 44 each, alternatively diagonally connected by bars of FE B 44; at the foot and at the top the connection was provided by reinforced concrete booms, reinforced with 4 carringated bars 0 10 and brackets 06 at 20 cm. No plaster was applied.
  • test under hydraulic press provided a breakage without deflection or deformation on both sides at 1962 kN (200 tons).
  • a shuttering 1 m wide (useful width 0.96 m) was used.
  • the floor panel was obtained with two ribs or joists, with 2 ol 0 of FE B 44 for each rib. It was restrained on the heads with two booms reinforced with four rods or irons. Useful height of the floor: 22 cm.
  • a uniformly distributed load of 7848 daN (800 kg)/sq.m was applied. Upon load release, no stable deformation was observed.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Coffrage pour l'usage comme coffrage perdu en bâtiment, ayant des cavités intérieures longitudinales (19, 20) étendues parallèlement à côté l'une de l'autre pour toute la longueur du coffrage (10), ces cavités ayant une forme triangulaire en coupe, les cavités adjacentes ayant un arrangement opposé, caractérisé en ce que ledit coffrage a la forme d'une table avec deux parois parallèles (11, 12), toutes lesdites cavités ayant la même forme triangulaire en coupe, et que ledit coffrage est fait d'une des matières suivantes: polystyrène, polyuréthane, fibre de bois our fibre de verre et résine.
2. Coffrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les cavités (19, 20) sont définies par des parois (11, 12, 13, 14) aptes à contenir un bétonnage et, dans une coupe perpendiculaire à la longueur de la cavité, ces cavités ont une forme à triangle substantiellement équilatéral et la forme est telle à réaliser un treillis, dont les parois ou cloisons (13, 14) entre ces cavités ont un angle de 60° entre-elles et par rapport aux parois parallèles (11, 12).
3. Coffrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il a au moins une partie emportée (22) le long d'une des susdites cavités longitudinales de sorte à donner un passage longitudinal à ladite cavité.
4. Procédé pour la réalisation de parois/ou dalles au moyen de coffrages perdus selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les opérations suivantes: positionner le coffrage (les coffrages), positionner des armatures métalliques dans les cavités du coffrage, couler le béton dans les cavités préparées avec les armatures.
5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, pour réaliser des parois portantes verticales comprenant l'opération de préparer des barres de connection diagonales entre deux cavités successives avant de couler le béton.
6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, où lesdites barres de liaison diagonales sont insérés entre la ligne centrale (en coupe transversale) de la base du triangle d'une coupe d'une cavité et la ligne centrale de la base du triangle qui est la coupe de la cavité adjacente.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 4 comprenant les opérations de préparer une piqûre d'aiguilles/ou pointes passant dans le matériel du coffrage en correspondance des cavités qui seron remplies de béton; appliquer un grillage sur le coffrage, replier à crochet les aiguilles ou pointes de piqûre; appliquer un enduit.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 4 pour réaliser des planchers, comprenant l'opération préliminaire de former des passages longitudinaux entre au moins une cavité et l'extérieur.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, comprenant l'opération de superposer des bandes/ou panneaux additionnels sur la surface du coffrage qui n'est pas occupée des passages pour obtenir des hauteurs plus grandes du plancher.
10. Procédé selon la revendication 4 comprenant en outre l'opération de modifier le coffrage pour la mise en place d'installations technologiques après ladite opération de coulée de béton.
EP80100417A 1979-01-30 1980-01-28 Coffrage perdu pour la fabrication de murs ou planchers pour bâtiments, usines ou clôtures conventionnels préfabriqués et procédé de fabrication Expired EP0013998B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1971679 1979-01-30
IT19716/79A IT1110759B (it) 1979-01-30 1979-01-30 Cassero perso per realizzazione di pareti o di solai,per edlizia tradizionale o prefabbricata in cantiere o in stabilimento e procedimento di messa in opera

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0013998A1 EP0013998A1 (fr) 1980-08-06
EP0013998B1 true EP0013998B1 (fr) 1983-06-15

Family

ID=11160618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80100417A Expired EP0013998B1 (fr) 1979-01-30 1980-01-28 Coffrage perdu pour la fabrication de murs ou planchers pour bâtiments, usines ou clôtures conventionnels préfabriqués et procédé de fabrication

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0013998B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3063715D1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1110759B (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6602655B2 (ja) * 2015-12-07 2019-11-06 株式会社日立製作所 鉄道車両および鉄道車両加工方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE392402A (fr) *
FR906470A (fr) * 1944-08-02 1946-01-08 Liens permettant de construire en élévation et sans coffrage, des murs creux en béton armé
FR1203929A (fr) * 1958-07-30 1960-01-21 Procédé permettant la construction de murs, plafonds, etc., comportant dans l'intérieur de leur masse des parties creuses établies lors du coulage de l'ensemble
IT1039863B (it) * 1975-07-15 1979-12-10 Anic Spa Elemneto trafilato in resine termoplastiche per la realizzazione di solai misti in cemento armato e procedimento perla realizzazione di tale solai
FR2335665A1 (fr) * 1975-12-16 1977-07-15 Decroux Francois Procede de construction de murs et d'elements avec isolation incorporee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1110759B (it) 1986-01-06
EP0013998A1 (fr) 1980-08-06
IT7919716A0 (it) 1979-01-30
DE3063715D1 (en) 1983-07-21

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