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EP0013521A1 - Transmitting device for coded track circuits - Google Patents

Transmitting device for coded track circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0013521A1
EP0013521A1 EP79401028A EP79401028A EP0013521A1 EP 0013521 A1 EP0013521 A1 EP 0013521A1 EP 79401028 A EP79401028 A EP 79401028A EP 79401028 A EP79401028 A EP 79401028A EP 0013521 A1 EP0013521 A1 EP 0013521A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
modulation
track
information
modulated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP79401028A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0013521B1 (en
Inventor
Claude Bilet
Michel Guillard
Dominique Hedoin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie de Signaux et dEntreprises Electriques SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie de Signaux et dEntreprises Electriques SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie de Signaux et dEntreprises Electriques SA filed Critical Compagnie de Signaux et dEntreprises Electriques SA
Priority to AT79401028T priority Critical patent/ATE7007T1/en
Publication of EP0013521A1 publication Critical patent/EP0013521A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0013521B1 publication Critical patent/EP0013521B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/16—Continuous control along the route
    • B61L3/22—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation
    • B61L3/24—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups, e.g. in combination with track circuits
    • B61L3/246—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups, e.g. in combination with track circuits using coded current
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
    • B61L23/08—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for controlling traffic in one direction only
    • B61L23/14—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for controlling traffic in one direction only automatically operated
    • B61L23/16—Track circuits specially adapted for section blocking
    • B61L23/168—Track circuits specially adapted for section blocking using coded current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for coding track circuits and in particular allowing the transmission of information to a vehicle traveling on a railway track divided into a succession of cantons each equipped with a track circuit, in which each of the carrier circuit excitation frequencies is frequency modulated by a number of modulation frequencies each representing information to be transmitted.
  • the invention also relates to a transmission device for implementing this method.
  • these signals are generally automatically controlled by safety devices, known as track circuits, which ensure safety by blocking, the track being divided into a succession of cantons each equipped with a circuit of track.
  • track circuits which ensure safety by blocking, the track being divided into a succession of cantons each equipped with a circuit of track.
  • the cantonment must take into account the length of the trains, the speed of the fastest trains and the particularities of the track, in order to guarantee the safety of spacing between the successive vehicles.
  • the track circuit consists of a transmitting member and a receiving member, connected to the rails constituting the track, so that the presence of a shunt axle located between the point d transmission and reception point of the channel causes de-excitation a relay associated with the receiver.
  • the signals transmitted in one of the track circuits cannot inadvertently excite the receiver of a neighboring track circuit, hence the need to limit the propagation of signals in each track circuit. This can be done for example by using different frequencies or polarities for two consecutive track circuits and by limiting the propagation by insulating joints or by circuits equivalent to short-circuits between the rails for the frequencies whose frequency is to be limited. spread.
  • the various means allowing, on transmission, to modulate the excitation frequencies tion of the various track circuits must naturally be of a safety nature. Indeed, the transformation of a modulating signal into an inter signal can be contrary to security. It is therefore important that a device guarantees that the modulated carrier frequency is well modulated by the modulation. However, in current embodiments, it is possible to disturb the modulating signal, either by superimposing a parasitic signal with the modulating signal, or by erratic cuts or short-circuits, due for example to vibrations of components or connections between the modulation source and the modulation device.
  • the main object of the present invention is therefore to remedy these drawbacks and to do this, it relates to a method for coding track circuits of the aforementioned type which is essentially characterized in that it consists in comparing the modulation frequency, obtained by demodulation of the modulated carrier frequency, with another modulation source, in order to check that said modulation frequency is correct, and to authorize the emission of the modulated carrier frequency in the corresponding channel circuit only - when this control is positive.
  • a transmission device for implementing this method is essentially characterized in that it comprises a first generator from which the modulation frequency corresponding to the information to be transmitted is produced, a second generator from which is produced a so-called control frequency, a pilot whose carrier frequency is modulated by said modulation frequency, a demodulator and an analog gate to which the modulated carrier frequency from the pilot is applied simultaneously, and a comparator mixer for comparing the frequency from the demodulator to the control frequency, this comparator mixer controlling, if necessary, the opening of the analog door in order to allow the transmission of the modulated carrier frequency to the corresponding track circuit.
  • the frequency of control has a constant frequency offset with the modulation frequency, regardless of the information to be transmitted, the comparator mixer being essentially constituted by a selective filter sensitive to said frequency offset.
  • the modulation frequency and the control frequency are developed from the corresponding generators, by means of programmable dividers whose division factor is a function of the information to be transmitted.
  • the programmable divider associated with the first generator is followed by a divider whose fixed division factor is equal to a power of two, while a multiplier whose multiplication factor is equal to the same power of two is interposed between the demodulator and the comparator mixer.
  • the transmission device according to the invention is produced in the form of two separate modules, one of which is assigned to the coding and control of the information to be transmitted, while the other is assigned to the transmission itself said, the transmission module being capable of being used independently of the coding and control module when it is not necessary to transmit information to vehicles traveling on the track.
  • FIG. 1 we can see the portion of railway track V formed by two rows of rails r and r 2 .
  • This railway track is equipped with successive track circuits CV 1 , CV 2 , etc., excited by two different frequencies F 1 and F 2 , for example 1700 Hz and 2300 Hz, which repeat alternately throughout of the way.
  • Successive track circuits are isolated from each other by conventional insulating joints such as J, or by circuits equivalent to short-circuits for the frequencies considered.
  • each track circuit comprises at one end a transmitter E of frequency F 1 or F 2 and at the other end a suitable receiver RF 1 or RF 2 .
  • each of the excitation frequencies of the track circuits is frequency modulated by a number of very low fixed modulation frequencies, each representing one of the pieces of information to be transmitted to the vehicle. If, for example, there are seven different pieces of information to transmit, these modulation frequencies may advantageously be between 12 Hz and 20 Hz. The modulation index is then relatively high. If, for example, we take a + frequency excursion of - 10 Hz, we will have a modulation index of between 0.5 and 0.8.
  • the carrier frequencies of 1700 Hz and 2300 Hz no longer appear in the track circuits. Indeed, with a frequency excursion equal to ⁇ 10 Hz, we will have for example in a determined track circuit, either 1690 Hz or 1710 Hz, and this at the rate of the modulation frequency used at this time, while that in the two adjacent track circuits, there will be either 2290 Hz or 2310 Hz, always at the rate of the modulation frequency.
  • the means allowing, on board the locomotive L, to pick up and detect the modulated frequencies generated in the successive track circuits, in order to extract the information from them, essentially consist of a sensor C placed in the vicinity of track V, preferably equidistant from the two rows of rails r and r 2 , followed by a receiver R similar to those fitted to track circuits.
  • This transmission device E is shown in a synoptic manner in FIG. 2 and firstly comprises a pilot generator 1 from which the modulation frequency of the carrier is produced at 1700 Hz or 2300 Hz.
  • This generator for example at quartz, is designed to generate a fixed and stable frequency which is then divided into a programmable divider 2 whose division factor is a function of the information to be transmitted.
  • the single command by all or nothing, is applied to one of the inputs A to N of a coding matrix 3, these inputs A to N representing the different information likely to be transmitted by the system and which can be easily from 20 to 30 as required.
  • the matrix 3 then supplies the programmable divider 2, depending on the input terminal A, B or N which is activated, with a logic signal determining the division factor which will be applied to the signal from the pilot generator 1.
  • the programmable divider 2 is followed by an amplifier 4 serving as a separator stage and a divider 5 whose fixed division factor is 2 n.
  • This additional divider 5 is made necessary by the fact that the modulation frequencies used in the method according to the invention are very low, of the order of ten Hertz, as we have seen above.
  • the frequency from the divider 5 constitutes the modulation frequency representing the information to be transmitted, and it is applied to a pilot 6 in order to modulate the carrier at 1700 Hz or 2300 Hz produced by this pilot.
  • C. modulated signal is simultaneously with a demotulation 7 and an analog gate 8 whose role will appear more clearly later.
  • the demodulator hates the frequency of modulation of the signal leaving the pilot 6 there and this frequency is then multiplied in a multiplier 9 whose multiplication factor is equal to 2 n , so that the frequency of the signal appearing at the output of this multiplier is normally equal to that of the signal coming out of the programmable divider 2.
  • the transmission device E further comprises a control generator 10 from which a so-called control frequency is produced.
  • This generator 10 which can also be quartz like the generator 1, is designed to generate a fixed and stable frequency which is then applied to another programmable divider 11 associated with a second coding matrix 12 analogous to the matrix 3.
  • this coding matrix 12 As a function of the input terminal A, B or N which is activated by the single command, this coding matrix 12 generates a logic signal which determines the division factor of the programmable divider 11.
  • this division factor is such that the frequency of the signal from the divider 11 has a constant frequency offset, for example 1000 Hz, with the frequency of the signal from the divider 2.
  • the signal from the divider 11 should normally have the same frequency offset with the signal from of the multiplier 9.
  • This is controlled in a comparator mixer 13 to which the two signals are simultaneously applied.
  • this comparator mixer could simply be constituted by a selective filter sensitive to said frequency offset, ie 1000 Hz for example.
  • the analog gate 8 is followed by a power amplifier 14 and an adjustable dummy line 15 playing the role of adapter.
  • the output terminal S of the device can thus be connected to the rails of the track by a cable of any length, depending on the installation conditions which are obviously very variable depending on the lines.
  • the information provided by the coding method according to the invention can also be used independently of the track-machine link, when it is desired, for example, to enhance the selectivity of the track circuit receivers. Most of the time, however, such information is useless when there is no track-machine link.
  • the transmission device E is produced in the form of two separate modules MC and ME.
  • the module MC is assigned more specifically to the coding and the control of information, and includes all the elements necessary for these functions, while the module ME is assigned to the transmission itself.
  • the transmission module ME thus consists of the divider 5, the pilot 6, the analog gate 8, the power amplifier 14 and the dummy line 15. This module is also capable of operating independently of the module MC. It suffices in fact for this to directly connect the input terminal a of the divider 5 to a particular output terminal of the pilot 6 and to directly connect the normal output y of this same pilot to the input terminal ⁇ of the analog gate 8. These two connections are illustrated by dotted lines in FIG. 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)

Abstract

A process for coding track circuits allows particularly information to be transmitted to a vehicle travelling over a railway track divided into a succession of sections each equipped with a track circuit, in which each of the carrier frequencies for energizing the track circuits is frequency modulated by means of a number of modulation frequencies each representing a piece of information to be transmitted. This process includes the steps of comparing the modulation frequency obtained by demodulation of the modulated carrier frequency with another source of modulation so as to check that said modulation frequency is indeed correct, and to allow transmission of the modulated carrier frequency in the corresponding track circuit only when this check is positive. This process and device applies to high-speed railway trains.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour coder des circuits de voie et permettre notamment la transmission d'informations à un véhicule circulant sur une voie de chemin.de fer divisée en une succession de cantons équipés chacun d'un circuit.de voie, dans lequel chacune des fréquences porteuses d'excitation des circuits de voie est modulée en fréquence par un certain nombre de fréquences de modulation représentant chacune une information a transmettre. L'invention a trait également à un dispositif d'émission pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The present invention relates to a method for coding track circuits and in particular allowing the transmission of information to a vehicle traveling on a railway track divided into a succession of cantons each equipped with a track circuit, in which each of the carrier circuit excitation frequencies is frequency modulated by a number of modulation frequencies each representing information to be transmitted. The invention also relates to a transmission device for implementing this method.

On sait que la sécurité et la régularité des trains circulant sur les voies de chemin de fer sont assurées par des signaux, espacés le long des voies et qui servent à transmettre les informations que doit recevoir le conducteur du train.We know that the safety and regularity of trains running on railway tracks are ensured by signals, spaced along the tracks and which serve to transmit the information that the train driver must receive.

A l'heure actuelle, ces signaux sont généralement commandés automatiquement par des dispositifs de sécurité, connus sous le nom de circuits de voie, qui assurent la sécurité par le cantonnement, la voie étant divisée en une succession de cantons équipés chacun d'un circuit de voie. Bien entendu, le cantonnement doit tenir compte de la longueur des trains, de la vitesse des trains les plus rapides et des particularités de la voie, afin de garantir la sécurité d'espacement entre les véhicules successifs.At present, these signals are generally automatically controlled by safety devices, known as track circuits, which ensure safety by blocking, the track being divided into a succession of cantons each equipped with a circuit of track. Of course, the cantonment must take into account the length of the trains, the speed of the fastest trains and the particularities of the track, in order to guarantee the safety of spacing between the successive vehicles.

Dans sa version la plus courante, le circuit de voie est constitué d'un organe d'émission et d'un organe de réception, reliés aux rails constituant la voie, de sorte que la présence d'un essieu shunteur situé entre le point d'émission et le point de réception de la voie provoque la désexcitation d'un relais associé au récepteur. Lorsque plusieurs circuits de voie se succèdent le long de la voie, il est évidemment indispensable que les signaux émis dans l'un des circuits de voie ne puisse venir exciter de façon intempestive le récepteur d'un circuit de voie voisin, d'où la nécessité de limiter la propagation des signaux dans chaque circuit de voie. Ceci peut se faire en utilisant par exemple des fréquences ou des polarités différentes pour deux circuits de voie consécutifs et en limitant la propagation par des joints isolants ou par des circuits équivalents à des courts-circuits entre les rails pour les fréquences dont on veut limiter la propagation.In its most current version, the track circuit consists of a transmitting member and a receiving member, connected to the rails constituting the track, so that the presence of a shunt axle located between the point d transmission and reception point of the channel causes de-excitation a relay associated with the receiver. When several track circuits follow one another along the track, it is obviously essential that the signals transmitted in one of the track circuits cannot inadvertently excite the receiver of a neighboring track circuit, hence the need to limit the propagation of signals in each track circuit. This can be done for example by using different frequencies or polarities for two consecutive track circuits and by limiting the propagation by insulating joints or by circuits equivalent to short-circuits between the rails for the frequencies whose frequency is to be limited. spread.

Il existe maintenant des trains dont la vitesse est telle que le conducteur ne dispose que de très peu de temps pour apercevoir un signal donné, ce qui augmente les risques d'accidents. De plus, avec les trains à très grande vitesse, on ne peut absolument pas envisager d'utiliser les signaux visuels pour transmettre des informations au conducteur.There are now trains whose speed is such that the driver has very little time to see a given signal, which increases the risk of accidents. In addition, with very high speed trains, it is absolutely impossible to envisage using visual signals to transmit information to the driver.

Par ailleurs, l'apparition de locomotives avec commande des moteurs par thyristors en traction à courant alternatif et par hacheurs en traction à courant continu'font apparaître dans les rails qui assurent le retour du courant de traction des fréquences parasites avec des niveaux importants qui sont, soit des harmoniques de la fréquence de base du courant de traction pour le courant alternatif, soit des harmoniques de la fréquence de commande des hacheurs dans le cas de traction à courant continu.In addition, the appearance of locomotives with motor control by thyristors in alternating current traction and by choppers in direct current traction appear in the rails which ensure the return of the traction current of the parasitic frequencies with significant levels which are , either harmonics of the base frequency of the traction current for the alternating current, or harmonics of the control frequency of the choppers in the case of traction with direct current.

On a donc pensé à moduler en fréquence les fréquences porteuses d'excitation des circuits de voie pour d'une part permettre une transmission de la voie vers la machine, et d'autre part se protéger efficacement contre les harmoniques du courant de traction.It has therefore been thought to frequency-modulate the carrier frequencies of excitation of the track circuits in order on the one hand to allow transmission from the track to the machine, and on the other hand to effectively protect against the harmonics of the traction current.

Un tel procédé de codage des circuits de voie est décrit par exemple dans le brevet français n° 70.00325 déposé le 7 janvier 1970 au nom de la société Demanderesse et publié sous le n° 2.076.219. Selon ce brevet, les fréquences de modulation sont très basses afin que l'indice de modulation soit suffisamment élevé et dans une application particulière, les fréquences d'excitation des circuits de voie sont de l'ordre du kilohertz, tandis que les fréquences de modulation sont de l'ordre de la dizaine de hertz.Such a method of coding track circuits is described, for example, in French patent No. 70.00325 filed on January 7, 1970 in the name of the Applicant company and published under No. 2,076,219. According to this patent, the modulation frequencies are very low so that the modulation index is sufficiently high and in a particular application, the excitation frequencies of the track circuits are of the order of kilohertz, while the modulation frequencies are of the order of ten hertz.

Les divers moyens permettant, à l'émission, de moduler les fréquences d'excita- tion des différents circuits de voie doivent naturellement présenter un caractère sécuritaire. En effet, la transformation d'un signal modulant en un entre signal peut être contraire à la sécurité. Il importe donc qu'un dispositif garantisse que la fréquence porteuse modulée est bien modulée par la

Figure imgb0001
modulation. Or, dans les réalisations actuelles, il est possible de perturber le signal modulant, soit par superposition d'un signal parasite avec le signal modulant, soit par coupures ou courts-circuits erratiques, dus par exemple à des vibrations de composants ou liaisons entre la source de modulation et l'organe de modulation.The various means allowing, on transmission, to modulate the excitation frequencies tion of the various track circuits must naturally be of a safety nature. Indeed, the transformation of a modulating signal into an inter signal can be contrary to security. It is therefore important that a device guarantees that the modulated carrier frequency is well modulated by the
Figure imgb0001
modulation. However, in current embodiments, it is possible to disturb the modulating signal, either by superimposing a parasitic signal with the modulating signal, or by erratic cuts or short-circuits, due for example to vibrations of components or connections between the modulation source and the modulation device.

La présente invention a donc pour but principal de remédier à ces inconvénients et pour ce faire, elle a pour objet un procédé de codage de circuits de voie du type susmentionné qui se caractérise essentiellement en ce qu'il consiste à comparer la fréquence de modulation, obtenue par démodulation de la fréquence porteuse modulée, avec une autre source de modulation, afin de contrôler que ladite fréquence de modulation est bien correcte, et à n'autoriser l'émission de la fréquence porteuse modulée dans le circuit de voie correspondant que - lorsque ce contrôle est positif.The main object of the present invention is therefore to remedy these drawbacks and to do this, it relates to a method for coding track circuits of the aforementioned type which is essentially characterized in that it consists in comparing the modulation frequency, obtained by demodulation of the modulated carrier frequency, with another modulation source, in order to check that said modulation frequency is correct, and to authorize the emission of the modulated carrier frequency in the corresponding channel circuit only - when this control is positive.

On conçoit aisément qu'ainsi, on peut s'assurer que l'excitation d'un circuit de voie n'a lieu que si la modulation est bien correcte et correspond effectivement à l'information que l'on désire transmettre. Un tel procédé élimine donc totalement le risque de transmettre une information erronée susceptible d'affecter la sécurité de la circulation des trains sur la voie.It is easy to see that in this way it can be ensured that the excitation of a track circuit only takes place if the modulation is correct and effectively corresponds to the information that one wishes to transmit. Such a method therefore completely eliminates the risk of transmitting erroneous information likely to affect the safety of the movement of trains on the track.

Un dispositif d'émission pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé est essentiellement caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un premier générateur a partir duquel est élaborée la fréquence de modulation correspondant à l'information à transmettre, un second générateur à partir duquel est élaborée une fréquence dite de contrôle, un pilote dont la fréquence porteuse est modulée par ladite fréquence de modulation, un démodulateur et une porte analogique auxquels est appliquée simultanément la fréquence porteuse modulée issue du pilote, et un mélangeur comparateur pour comparer la fréquence issue du démodulateur à la fréquence de contrôle, ce mélangeur comparateur commandant, le cas échéant, l'ouverture de la porte analogique afin de permettre la transmission de la fréquence porteuse modulée au circuit de voie correspondant.A transmission device for implementing this method is essentially characterized in that it comprises a first generator from which the modulation frequency corresponding to the information to be transmitted is produced, a second generator from which is produced a so-called control frequency, a pilot whose carrier frequency is modulated by said modulation frequency, a demodulator and an analog gate to which the modulated carrier frequency from the pilot is applied simultaneously, and a comparator mixer for comparing the frequency from the demodulator to the control frequency, this comparator mixer controlling, if necessary, the opening of the analog door in order to allow the transmission of the modulated carrier frequency to the corresponding track circuit.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, la fréquence de contrôle présente un décalage de fréquence constant avec la fréquence de modulation, et ce, quelle que soit l'information à transmettre, le mélangeur comparateur étant essentiellement constitué par un filtre sélectif sensible audit décalage de fréquence.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the frequency of control has a constant frequency offset with the modulation frequency, regardless of the information to be transmitted, the comparator mixer being essentially constituted by a selective filter sensitive to said frequency offset.

De préférence, la fréquence de modulation et la fréquence de contrôle sont élaborées à partir des générateurs correspondants, au moyen de diviseurs programmables dont le facteur de division est fonction de l'information à transmettre.Preferably, the modulation frequency and the control frequency are developed from the corresponding generators, by means of programmable dividers whose division factor is a function of the information to be transmitted.

Dans le cas où les fréquences de modulation sont très basses, comme dans le procédé décrit par le brevet français précité, le diviseur programmable associé au premier générateur est suivi d'un diviseur dont le facteur de division fixe est égal à une puissance de deux, tandis qu'un multiplicateur dont le facteur de multiplication est égal à une même puissance de deux est interposé entre le démodulateur et le mélangeur comparateur.In the case where the modulation frequencies are very low, as in the method described by the aforementioned French patent, the programmable divider associated with the first generator is followed by a divider whose fixed division factor is equal to a power of two, while a multiplier whose multiplication factor is equal to the same power of two is interposed between the demodulator and the comparator mixer.

De préférence également, le dispositif d'émission selon l'invention est réalisé sous la forme de deux modules distincts dont l'un est affecté au codage et au contrôle des informations à transmettre, tandis que l'autre est affecté à l'émission proprement dite, le module d'émission étant susceptible d'être utilisé indépendamment du module de codage et de contrôle lorsqu'il n'est pas nécessaire de transmettre des informatiorsaux véhicules circulant sur la voie.Preferably also, the transmission device according to the invention is produced in the form of two separate modules, one of which is assigned to the coding and control of the information to be transmitted, while the other is assigned to the transmission itself said, the transmission module being capable of being used independently of the coding and control module when it is not necessary to transmit information to vehicles traveling on the track.

Une telle disposition permet évidemment d'équiper une ligne à moindre frais et de la compléter ensuite facilement lorsqu'une liaison voie-machine s'avère nécessaire.Such an arrangement obviously makes it possible to equip a line at a lower cost and then easily complete it when a track-machine connection is necessary.

Une forme d'exécution de l'invention est décrite ci-après à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est un schéma simplifié d'une portion de voie de chemin de fer équipée de circuits de voie ; et
  • La figure 2 est un schéma synoptique d'un dispositif d'émission pour circuit de voie conforme à la présente invention.
An embodiment of the invention is described below by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified diagram of a portion of railway track equipped with track circuits; and
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of a transmission device for track circuit according to the present invention.

En se référant tout d'abord à la figure 1, on peut voir the portion de voie de chemin de fer V formée de deux files de rails r et r2. Cette voie de chemin de fer est équipée de circuits de voie successifs CV1, CV2, etc..., excités par deux fréquences différentes F1 et F2, par exemple 1700 Hz et 2300 Hz, qui se répètent alternativement tout le long de la voie. Les circuits de voie successifs sont isolés les uns des autres par des joints isolants classiques tels que J, ou par des circuits équivalents à des courts-circuits pour les fréquences considérées.Referring first to FIG. 1 , we can see the portion of railway track V formed by two rows of rails r and r 2 . This railway track is equipped with successive track circuits CV 1 , CV 2 , etc., excited by two different frequencies F 1 and F 2 , for example 1700 Hz and 2300 Hz, which repeat alternately throughout of the way. Successive track circuits are isolated from each other by conventional insulating joints such as J, or by circuits equivalent to short-circuits for the frequencies considered.

De façon connue en soi, chaque circuit de voie comporte à une extrémité un émetteur E de fréquence F1 ou F2 et à l'autre extrémité un récepteur approprié RF1 ou RF2.In a manner known per se, each track circuit comprises at one end a transmitter E of frequency F 1 or F 2 and at the other end a suitable receiver RF 1 or RF 2 .

Le procédé de codage objet de la présente invention a essentiellement pour but de permettre la transmission d'informations aux véhicules tels que L, généralement une locomotive, circulant sur la voie V dans le sens indiqué par la flèche F. A cet effet, et comme décrit dans le brevet français précité, chacune des fréquences d'excitation des circuits de voie est modulée en fréquence par un certain nombre de fréquences de modulation fixes très basses, représentant chacune une des informations à transmettre au véhicule. Si l'on a par exemple sept informations différentes à transmettre, ces fréquences de modulation pourront avantageusement être comprises entre 12 Hz et 20 Hz. L'indice de modulation est alors relativement élevé. Si l'on prend par exemple une + excursion de fréquence de - 10 Hz, on aura un indice de modulation compris entre 0,5 et 0,8.The coding method which is the subject of the present invention essentially aims to allow the transmission of information to vehicles such as L, generally a locomotive, traveling on track V in the direction indicated by the arrow F. For this purpose, and as described in the aforementioned French patent, each of the excitation frequencies of the track circuits is frequency modulated by a number of very low fixed modulation frequencies, each representing one of the pieces of information to be transmitted to the vehicle. If, for example, there are seven different pieces of information to transmit, these modulation frequencies may advantageously be between 12 Hz and 20 Hz. The modulation index is then relatively high. If, for example, we take a + frequency excursion of - 10 Hz, we will have a modulation index of between 0.5 and 0.8.

Il convient par ailleurs de noter que du fait de la modulation, les fréquences porteuses de 1700 Hz et 2300 Hz n'apparaissent plus dans les circuits de voie. En effet, avec une excursion de fréquence égale à ± 10 Hz, on aura par exemple dans un circuit de voie déterminé, soit du 1690 Hz, soit du 1710 Hz, et ce au rythme de la fréquence de modulation utilisée à cet instant, tandis que dans les deux circuits de voie adjacents, on aura, soit du 2290 Hz, soit du 2310 Hz, toujours au rythme de la fréquence de modulation.It should also be noted that due to the modulation, the carrier frequencies of 1700 Hz and 2300 Hz no longer appear in the track circuits. Indeed, with a frequency excursion equal to ± 10 Hz, we will have for example in a determined track circuit, either 1690 Hz or 1710 Hz, and this at the rate of the modulation frequency used at this time, while that in the two adjacent track circuits, there will be either 2290 Hz or 2310 Hz, always at the rate of the modulation frequency.

Les moyens permettant, a bord de la locomotive L, de capter et de détecter les fréquences modulées engendrées dans les circuits de voie successifs, afin d'en extraire les informations, sont essentiellement constitués par un capteur C disposé au voisinage de la voie V, de préférence à égale distance des deux files de rails r et r2, suivi d'un récepteur R analogue à ceux équipant les circuits de voie.The means allowing, on board the locomotive L, to pick up and detect the modulated frequencies generated in the successive track circuits, in order to extract the information from them, essentially consist of a sensor C placed in the vicinity of track V, preferably equidistant from the two rows of rails r and r 2 , followed by a receiver R similar to those fitted to track circuits.

Dans la présente demande de brevet, on décrira uniquement le dispositif d'émission E permettant de moduler conformément à l'invention les fréquences d'excitation des différents circuits de voie, étant entendu que les moyens de réception tels que RF1, RF2 ou R peuvent être exactement du même type que ceux décrits dans le brevet français n° 70.00325 déjà cité.In the present patent application, only the transmission device E will be described which allows the excitation frequencies of the different track circuits to be modulated in accordance with the invention, it being understood that the reception means such as RF 1 , RF 2 or R can be exactly the same type as those described in the French patent n ° 70.00325 already cited.

Ce dispositif d'émission E est représenté de manière synoptique sur la figure 2 et comprend tout d'abord un générateur pilote 1 à partir duquel est élaborée la fréquence de modulation de la porteuse à 1700 Hz ou 2300 Hz. Ce générateur, par exemple à quartz, est conçu pour engendrer une fréquence fixe et stable qui est ensuite divisée dans un diviseur programmable 2 dont le facteur de division est fonction de l'information à transmettre. A cette fin, la commande unique, par tout ou rien, est appliquée sur l'une des entrées A à N d'une matrice de codage 3, ces entrées A à N représentant les différentes informations susceptibles d'être transmises par le système et qui peuvent être facilement de 20 à 30 selon les besoins. La matrice 3 fournit alors au diviseur programmable 2, selon la borne d'entrée A, B ou N qui est activée, un signal logique déterminant le facteur de division qui sera appliqué au signal issu du générateur pilote 1.This transmission device E is shown in a synoptic manner in FIG. 2 and firstly comprises a pilot generator 1 from which the modulation frequency of the carrier is produced at 1700 Hz or 2300 Hz. This generator, for example at quartz, is designed to generate a fixed and stable frequency which is then divided into a programmable divider 2 whose division factor is a function of the information to be transmitted. To this end, the single command, by all or nothing, is applied to one of the inputs A to N of a coding matrix 3, these inputs A to N representing the different information likely to be transmitted by the system and which can be easily from 20 to 30 as required. The matrix 3 then supplies the programmable divider 2, depending on the input terminal A, B or N which is activated, with a logic signal determining the division factor which will be applied to the signal from the pilot generator 1.

Le diviseur programmable 2 est suivi d'un amplificateur 4 servant d'étage séparateur et d'un diviseur 5 dont le facteur de division fixe est égal à 2n. Ce diviseur supplémentaire 5 est rendu nécessaire par le fait que les fréquences de modulation utilisées dans le procédé selon l'invention sont très basses, de l'ordre de la dizaine de Hertz, ainsi qu'on l'a vu plus haut. La fréquence issue du diviseur 5 constitue la fréquence de modulation représentant l'information à transmettre, et elle est appliquée à un pilote 6 afin de moduler la porteuse à 1700 Hz ou 2300 Hz produite par ce pilote.The programmable divider 2 is followed by an amplifier 4 serving as a separator stage and a divider 5 whose fixed division factor is 2 n. This additional divider 5 is made necessary by the fact that the modulation frequencies used in the method according to the invention are very low, of the order of ten Hertz, as we have seen above. The frequency from the divider 5 constitutes the modulation frequency representing the information to be transmitted, and it is applied to a pilot 6 in order to modulate the carrier at 1700 Hz or 2300 Hz produced by this pilot.

On obtient donc ainsi, à la sortie du pilote 6, un signal modulé en fréquence caractéristique de l'information à transmettre à la locomotive L. Il convient toutefois de rappeler ici qu'il ne s'agit pas véritablement d'un signal a 1700 Hz ou 2300Hz. Dans le cas par exemple du 1700 Hz, on aura simplement alternativement du 1690 Hz et du 1710 Hz, au rythme de la fréquence de modulation issue du diviseur 5.One thus obtains thus, at the exit of the pilot 6, a signal modulated in frequency characteristic of the information to be transmitted to the locomotive L. It should however be recalled here that it is not really about a signal at 1700 Hz or 2300Hz. In the case for example of 1700 Hz, there will simply be alternately 1690 Hz and 1710 Hz, at the rate of the modulation frequency coming from the divider 5.

C. signal modulé est simultanément à un démotulation 7 et à une porte analogique 8 dont le rôle apparaîtra plus clairement par la suite. Le démodu- lateur y déteste la fréquente de modulation du signal sortant du pilote 6 et cette fréquence est ensuite multipliée dans un multiplicateur 9 dont le facteur de multiplication est égal à 2n, de sorte que la fréquence du signal apparaissant à la sortie de ce multiplicateur est normalement égale à celle du signal sortant du diviseur programmable 2.C. modulated signal is simultaneously with a demotulation 7 and an analog gate 8 whose role will appear more clearly later. The demodulator hates the frequency of modulation of the signal leaving the pilot 6 there and this frequency is then multiplied in a multiplier 9 whose multiplication factor is equal to 2 n , so that the frequency of the signal appearing at the output of this multiplier is normally equal to that of the signal coming out of the programmable divider 2.

Le dispositif d'émission E comprend en outre un générateur de contrôle 10 à partir duquel est élaborée une fréquence dite de contrôle. Ce générateur 10, qui peut également être à quartz comme le générateur 1, est conçu pour engendrer une fréquence fixe et stable qui est ensuite appliquée à un autre diviseur programmable 11 associé à une seconde matrice de codage 12 analogue à la matrice 3. En fonction de la borne d'entrée A, B ou N qui est activée par la commande unique, cette matrice de codage 12 engendre un signal logique qui détermine le facteur de division du diviseur programmable 11. De plus, ce facteur de division est tel que la fréquence du signal issu du diviseur 11 présente un décalage en fréquence constant, par exemple 1000 Hz, avec la fréquence du signal issu du diviseur 2. Autrement dit, le signal issu du diviseur 11 doit normalement présenter le même décalage de fréquence avec le signal issu du multiplicateur 9. Ceci est contrôlé dans un mélangeur comparateur 13 auquel les deux signaux sont simultanément appliqués. Dans le cas présent, ce mélangeur comparateur pourra être simplement constitué par un filtre sélectif sensible audit décalage de fréquence, soit 1000 Hz par exemple.The transmission device E further comprises a control generator 10 from which a so-called control frequency is produced. This generator 10, which can also be quartz like the generator 1, is designed to generate a fixed and stable frequency which is then applied to another programmable divider 11 associated with a second coding matrix 12 analogous to the matrix 3. As a function of the input terminal A, B or N which is activated by the single command, this coding matrix 12 generates a logic signal which determines the division factor of the programmable divider 11. In addition, this division factor is such that the frequency of the signal from the divider 11 has a constant frequency offset, for example 1000 Hz, with the frequency of the signal from the divider 2. In other words, the signal from the divider 11 should normally have the same frequency offset with the signal from of the multiplier 9. This is controlled in a comparator mixer 13 to which the two signals are simultaneously applied. In the present case, this comparator mixer could simply be constituted by a selective filter sensitive to said frequency offset, ie 1000 Hz for example.

Si la comparaison des deux signaux effectuée dans le mélangeur comparateur 13 est correcte, celui-ci émet un signal qui commande l'ouverture de la porte analogique 8, permettant ainsi au signal modulé engendré par le pilote 6 d'aller exciter le circuit de voie correspondant. Dans l'exemple particulier décrit ici, la porte analogique 8 est suivie d'un amplificateur de puissance 14 et d'une ligne fictive réglable 15 jouant le rôle d'adaptateur. La borne de sortie S du dispositif peut ainsi être reliée aux rails de la voie par un câble de longueur quelconque, en fonction des conditions d'implantation qui sont évidemment très variables selon les lignes.If the comparison of the two signals made in the comparator mixer 13 is correct, the latter emits a signal which controls the opening of the analog gate 8, thus allowing the modulated signal generated by the pilot 6 to excite the track circuit corresponding. In the particular example described here, the analog gate 8 is followed by a power amplifier 14 and an adjustable dummy line 15 playing the role of adapter. The output terminal S of the device can thus be connected to the rails of the track by a cable of any length, depending on the installation conditions which are obviously very variable depending on the lines.

On voit donc en définitive qu'avec le dispositif d'émission selon l'invention, et grâce au contrôle a posteriori de la fréquence de modulation, il est quasiment impossible de transmettre une information erronée. Ce n'est en effet qu'en amont du pilote que peuvent ce produire éventuellement des perturbations du signal modulant. Un tel dispositif présente par conséquent une grande sécurité intrincèque, particulièrement souhaitable lorsqu'il s'agit de transmettre des informations à des trains circulant à très grande vitesse.It is therefore seen ultimately that with the transmission device according to the invention, and thanks to the a posteriori control of the modulation frequency, it is almost impossible to transmit erroneous information. It is not effect that upstream of the pilot what can possibly produce disturbances of the modulating signal. Such a device therefore has great intrinsic security, which is particularly desirable when it comes to transmitting information to trains running at very high speed.

Bien entendu, les informations fournies par le procédé de codage selon l'invention peuvent également être utilisées indépendamment de la liaison voie-machine, lorsque l'on désire par exemple renforcer la sélectivité des récepteurs de circuit de voie. La plupart du temps cependant, de telles informations sont inutiles lorsqu'il n'existe pas de liaison voie-machine.Of course, the information provided by the coding method according to the invention can also be used independently of the track-machine link, when it is desired, for example, to enhance the selectivity of the track circuit receivers. Most of the time, however, such information is useless when there is no track-machine link.

A cette fin et selon une autre caractéristique de la présente invention, le dispositif d'émission E est réalisé sous la forme de deux modules distincts MC et ME. Le module MC est affecté plus spécialement au codage et au contrôle des informations, et comporte tous les éléments nécessaires à ces fonctions, tandis que le module ME est affecté à l'émission proprement dite.To this end and according to another characteristic of the present invention, the transmission device E is produced in the form of two separate modules MC and ME. The module MC is assigned more specifically to the coding and the control of information, and includes all the elements necessary for these functions, while the module ME is assigned to the transmission itself.

Le module d'émission ME se compose ainsi du diviseur 5, du pilote 6, de la porte analogique 8, de l'amplificateur de puissance 14 et de la ligne fictive 15. Ce module est en outre susceptible de fonctionner indépendamment du module MC. Il suffit en effet pour cela de relier directement la borne d'entrée a du diviseur 5 à une borne de sortie particulière du pilote 6 et de relier directement la sortie normale y de ce même pilote à la borne d'entrée δ de la porte analogique 8. Ces deux liaisons sont illustrées par des pointillés sur la figure 2.The transmission module ME thus consists of the divider 5, the pilot 6, the analog gate 8, the power amplifier 14 and the dummy line 15. This module is also capable of operating independently of the module MC. It suffices in fact for this to directly connect the input terminal a of the divider 5 to a particular output terminal of the pilot 6 and to directly connect the normal output y of this same pilot to the input terminal δ of the analog gate 8. These two connections are illustrated by dotted lines in FIG. 2.

On dispose donc ainsi d'un émetteur simplifié capable d'exciter correctement le circuit de voie avec un signal modulé en fréquence, mais dont la fréquence de modulation est pratiquement fixe et dépend en fait essentiellement du facteur de division du diviseur 5. On pourra par conséquent équiper de façon peu coûteuse des lignes ou des portions de lignes avec de tels émetteurs et les compléter ensuite avec des modules de codage MC lorsqu'une liaison voie-machine s'avèrera nécessaire.There is thus thus a simplified transmitter capable of correctly exciting the track circuit with a frequency modulated signal, but the modulation frequency of which is practically fixed and in fact essentially depends on the division factor of the divider 5. It will be possible by Consequently, inexpensively equipping lines or portions of lines with such transmitters and then supplementing them with MC coding modules when a track-machine link proves necessary.

Claims (5)

1. Procédé pour coder des circuits de voie et permettre notamment la transmission d'informations à un véhicule circulant sur une voie de chemin de fer
Figure imgb0002
en une succession de cantons équipes chacun d'un. circuit de voie, dans
Figure imgb0003
chacune des fréquences porteuses d'excitation des circuits de voie est modulée en fréquence par un certain nombre de fréquences de modulation représentant chacune une information à transmettre, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à comparer la fréquence de modulation, obtenue par démodulation de fréquence porteuse modulée, avec und autre source de modulation, afin de contrôler que ladite fréquence de modulation est bien correcte, et à n'autoriser l'émission de la fréquence porteuse modulés dans le circuit de voie correspondant que lorsque ce contrôle est positif.1. Method for coding track circuits and in particular allowing the transmission of information to a vehicle traveling on a railway track
Figure imgb0002
in a succession of cantons, each with one. track circuit, in
Figure imgb0003
each of the excitation carrier frequencies of the channel circuits is frequency modulated by a certain number of modulation frequencies each representing information to be transmitted, characterized in that it consists in comparing the modulation frequency, obtained by demodulation of carrier frequency modulated, with another modulation source, in order to check that said modulation frequency is correct, and to authorize the transmission of the modulated carrier frequency in the corresponding channel circuit only when this control is positive. 2. Dispositif d'émission pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un premier générateur à partir duquel est élaborée la fréquence de modulation correspondant à l'information à transmettre, un second générateur à partir duquel est élaborée une fréquence site de contrôle, un pilote dont la fréquence porteuse est modulée par ladite fréquence de modulation, un démodulateur et une porte analogique auxquels est appliquée simultanément la fréquence porteuse modulée issue du pilote, et un mélangeur comparateur pour comparer la fréquence issue du démodulateur à la fréquence de contrôle, ce mélangeur eomparateur commandant, le cas échéant, l'ouverture de la porte analogique afin de permettre la transmission de la fréquence porteuse modulée au circuit de voie correspondant.2. Transmission device for implementing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a first generator from which the modulation frequency corresponding to the information to be transmitted is produced, a second generator from from which a control site frequency is developed, a pilot whose carrier frequency is modulated by said modulation frequency, a demodulator and an analog gate to which the modulated carrier frequency from the pilot is applied simultaneously, and a comparator mixer for comparing the frequency from from the demodulator to the control frequency, this eomparator mixer controlling, if necessary, the opening of the analog door in order to allow the transmission of the modulated carrier frequency to the corresponding track circuit. 3. Dispositif d'émission selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de contrôle présente un décalage de fréquence constant avec la fréquence de modulation, et ce, quelle que soit l'information à transmettre, le mélangeur comparateur étant essentiellement constitué par un filtre sélectif sensible audit décalage de fréquence.3. Transmission device according to claim 2, characterized in that the control frequency has a constant frequency offset with the modulation frequency, and this, whatever the information to be transmitted, the comparator mixer being essentially constituted by a selective filter sensitive to said frequency offset. 4. Dispositif d'émission selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence de modulation et la fréquence de contrôle sont élaborées à partir des générateurs correspondents, au moyens de diviseurs programmable dont le facteur de division est fonction de l'information à transmettre. diviseur programmable associé au premier générateur est suivi d'un diviseur dont le facteur de division fixe est égal à une puissance de deux, tandis qu'un multiplicateur dont le facteur de multiplication est égal à une même puissance de deux est interposé entre le démodulateur et le mélangeur comparateur.4. Transmission device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the modulation frequency and the control frequency are developed from the corresponding generators, by means of programmable dividers whose division factor is a function of the information transmitting. programmable divider associated with the first generator is followed by a divider whose fixed division factor is equal to a power of two, while a multiplier whose multiplication factor is equal to the same power of two is interposed between the demodulator and the comparator mixer. 6. Dispositif d'émission selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé sous la forme de deux modules distincts dont l'un est affecté au codage et au contrôle des informations à transmettre, tandis que l'autre est affecté à l'émission proprement dite, le module d'émission étant susceptible d'être utilisé indépendamment du module de codage et de contrôle lorsqu'il n'est pas nécessaire de transmettre des informations aux véhicules circulant sur la voie.6. Transmission device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that it is produced in the form of two separate modules, one of which is assigned to the coding and the control of the information to be transmitted, while the other is assigned to the transmission itself, the transmission module being capable of being used independently of the coding and control module when it is not necessary to transmit information to vehicles traveling on the track.
EP79401028A 1978-12-22 1979-12-17 Transmitting device for coded track circuits Expired EP0013521B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT79401028T ATE7007T1 (en) 1978-12-22 1979-12-17 TRANSMITTER DEVICE FOR CODED TRACK CIRCUITS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR7836270A FR2449575A1 (en) 1978-12-22 1978-12-22 SECURITY CODING METHOD FOR TRACK CIRCUITS
FR7836270 1978-12-22

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EP0133005A2 (en) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-13 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Holdings Limited Safe operation proving of a controlled system
EP0133006A2 (en) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-13 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Holdings Limited Safe operation proving of electronic circuits

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FR2639306B1 (en) * 1988-11-18 1990-12-21 Alsthom Gec SYSTEM FOR TRANSMITTING INITIALIZATION INFORMATION, BETWEEN FIXED FACILITIES AND TRAINS

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0133005A2 (en) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-13 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Holdings Limited Safe operation proving of a controlled system
EP0133006A2 (en) * 1983-07-29 1985-02-13 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Holdings Limited Safe operation proving of electronic circuits
EP0133006A3 (en) * 1983-07-29 1986-10-29 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Holdings Limited Safe operation proving of electronic circuits
EP0133005B1 (en) * 1983-07-29 1991-02-27 Westinghouse Brake And Signal Holdings Limited Safe operation proving of a controlled system

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FR2449575A1 (en) 1980-09-19
JPS6329457B2 (en) 1988-06-14
AU5407179A (en) 1980-06-26
EP0013521B1 (en) 1984-04-11
FR2449575B1 (en) 1983-01-28
ZA796773B (en) 1980-12-31
DE2966897D1 (en) 1984-05-17
AU533947B2 (en) 1983-12-22
ATE7007T1 (en) 1984-04-15
ES487572A1 (en) 1980-06-16
BR7908505A (en) 1980-07-22
US4349170A (en) 1982-09-14
JPS5590153A (en) 1980-07-08

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