EP0012046B1 - Electrical starting motor for internal combustion engines, particularly for automotive vehicles - Google Patents
Electrical starting motor for internal combustion engines, particularly for automotive vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0012046B1 EP0012046B1 EP19790400763 EP79400763A EP0012046B1 EP 0012046 B1 EP0012046 B1 EP 0012046B1 EP 19790400763 EP19790400763 EP 19790400763 EP 79400763 A EP79400763 A EP 79400763A EP 0012046 B1 EP0012046 B1 EP 0012046B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- starter
- engagement element
- braking device
- magnetic
- movable armature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/066—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter being of the coaxial type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electric starter for internal combustion engines, in particular for motor vehicles, starter of the type comprising an electromagnetic braking device consisting of a fixed inductor circuit supplied simultaneously with the electric circuit of the starter and of a fixed movable armature element to a meshing element, the connection of the meshing element and the starter armature shaft being ensured by helical splines in such a way that said meshing element can perform relative to the shaft induces a movement of axial displacement and rotation between a rest position and a working position in which, during operation, the pinion of the engagement element meshes with the ring gear of the starter motor.
- Such an electromagnetic braking device is known, in particular from FR - A - 2 257 023, device in which the movable armature element is in the form of a disc carrying four arms forming salient poles which cooperate with two pole pieces fixed in a magnetic carcass, this carcass being held in the starter support.
- An inductor winding supplied simultaneously with the electric circuit of the starter, surrounds the fixed pole pieces so as to create a magnetic braking field.
- the disadvantage of such a device is that the number of arms, forming the salient poles, being low kinetic energy, created by the angular displacement between the rest position of the engagement element and the position of least reluctance of the magnetic braking circuit, reaches a value which does not allow effective braking of the engagement element and that in the working position, that is to say when the pinion is engaged in the ring gear, the magnetic force of axial support, in this working position can be very low if the disc, relative to the axis of the pole pieces, is angularly between two arms forming the salient poles.
- the object of the invention is to remedy this drawback and for this purpose relates to an electric starter of the type comprising an electromagnetic braking device consisting of a fixed inductor circuit, supplied simultaneously with the electric circuit of the starter and of a movable armature element fixed to a meshing element, characterized in that the movable armature element comprises a peripheral part folded down parallel to the axis of rotation of said armature element, which peripheral part comprises a first cylindrical zone made up of polar teeth capable of producing braking magnetic rotation allowing axial movement of the engagement element and a second cylindrical zone forming a continuous ring of material, so that the engagement element is held axially in its working position as long as the starter is powered.
- the polar teeth of the movable armature have a width corresponding to a valuable polar arc such that the magnetic braking device has an angular position of least reluctance, the number of polar teeth being judiciously determined so that the angle traveled between the rest position and the position of least reluctance is as low as possible so that the value of the kinetic energy is less than the magnetic braking force.
- the starter comprises, in a known manner, a support 1 (see FIG. 1), an armature shaft 2 journalling, by its meshing side, in a bearing 3 integral with the support 1, an armature 4 mounted on the shaft 2, a meshing element 5, comprising a pinion 5a and a sleeve 5b which, connected to the pinion 5a, by means of a free wheel 5c, is capable of sliding by being screwed onto the shaft 2, by means of helical grooves 2a.
- a stop 6, on which rests, at the end of the stroke, the engagement element 5, is disposed towards the end of the shaft 2.
- the restoring force exerted by the spring 10 is transmitted to the meshing element 5 by means of the part 11 rotatably mounted on a bearing 9, so as to transmit said force to the movable element induced 7.
- the movable armature element 7 comprises a peripheral part folded down parallel to the axis of rotation of said element, which peripheral part comprises a first cylindrical zone 7a formed by polar teeth 7b (see 1 and 3) capable of producing a magnetic braking in rotation allowing an axial displacement of the meshing element from the rest position to the working position, by means of the helical grooves 2a.
- the peripheral part comprises a second cylindrical zone 7c (see fig. 1) forming a continuous ring of material, so that the engagement element 5 is held axially in the working position as long as the starter is supplied, and consequently the field winding 13.
- the meshing element 5 (see fig. 2) is immobilized in its race by the toothed crown 15 of the motor, that is to say if the teeth of the pinions 5a abut against those of the crown 15 the element d meshing 5 secured to the armature shaft 2, by means of the helical grooves 2a, drives the pinion 5a in rotation, the torque developed by the armature being greater than the magnetic braking force.
- the pinion 5a rotates until it enters the crown 15 by the action of the movable armature element 7, which ensures the centering of the second peripheral zone 7c, forming a continuous crown of material, in the axis pole pieces 12 and 12a.
- the purpose of the clearance J is to avoid rapid wear, by friction, of the faces in contact with the stop and the pinion, the toothed ring driving the pinion at a speed of rotation considerably greater than the speed of rotation of the armature.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
La présente invention concerne un démarreur électrique pour moteurs à combustion interne, notamment pour véhicules automobiles, démarreur du type comprenant un dispositif de freinage électromagnétique constitué d'un circuit inducteur fixe alimenté simultanément avec le circuit électrique du démarreur et d'un élément induit mobile fixé à un élément d'engrènement, la liaison de l'élément d'engrènement et de l'arbre d'induit du démarreur étant assurée par des cannelures hélicoîdales de façon telle que ledit élément d'engrènement puisse effectuer relativement à l'arbre d'induit un mouvement de déplacement axial et de rotation entre une position de repose et une position de travail dans laquelle, en cours de fonctionnement, le pignon de l'élément d'engrènement engrène avec la couronne dentée du moteur à démarreur.The present invention relates to an electric starter for internal combustion engines, in particular for motor vehicles, starter of the type comprising an electromagnetic braking device consisting of a fixed inductor circuit supplied simultaneously with the electric circuit of the starter and of a fixed movable armature element to a meshing element, the connection of the meshing element and the starter armature shaft being ensured by helical splines in such a way that said meshing element can perform relative to the shaft induces a movement of axial displacement and rotation between a rest position and a working position in which, during operation, the pinion of the engagement element meshes with the ring gear of the starter motor.
Un tel dispositif de freinage électromagnétique est connu, notamment par le FR - A - 2 257 023, dispositif dans lequel l'élément induit mobile se présente sous la forme d'un disque portant quatre bras formant des pôles saillants qui coopèrent avec deux pièces polaires fixées dans une carcasse magnétique, cette carcasse étant maintenue dans le support du démarreur. Un enroulement inducteur, alimenté simultanément avec le circuit électrique du démarreur, entoure les pièces polaires fixes de manière à créer un champ magnétique de freinage.Such an electromagnetic braking device is known, in particular from FR - A - 2 257 023, device in which the movable armature element is in the form of a disc carrying four arms forming salient poles which cooperate with two pole pieces fixed in a magnetic carcass, this carcass being held in the starter support. An inductor winding, supplied simultaneously with the electric circuit of the starter, surrounds the fixed pole pieces so as to create a magnetic braking field.
L'inconvénient d'un tel dispositif est que le nombre de bras, formant les pôles saillants, étant peu élevé l'énergie cinétique, créée par le déplacement angulaire entre la position de repos de l'élément d'engrénement et la position de moindre réluctance du circuit de freinage magnétique, atteint une valeur qui ne permet pas de freiner efficacement l'élément d'engrènement et qu'en position de travail, c'est à dire lorsque le pignon est engagé dans la couronne dentée, la force magnétique de maintien axial, dans cette position de travail peut être très faible si le disque, par rapport à l'axe des pièces polaires, se trouve angulairement entre deux bras formant les pôles saillants.The disadvantage of such a device is that the number of arms, forming the salient poles, being low kinetic energy, created by the angular displacement between the rest position of the engagement element and the position of least reluctance of the magnetic braking circuit, reaches a value which does not allow effective braking of the engagement element and that in the working position, that is to say when the pinion is engaged in the ring gear, the magnetic force of axial support, in this working position can be very low if the disc, relative to the axis of the pole pieces, is angularly between two arms forming the salient poles.
L'invention a pour but de remédier à cet inconvénient et concerne à cet effet un démarreur électrique du type comprenant un dispositif de freinage électromagnétique constitué d'un circuit inducteur fixe, alimenté simultanément avec le circuit électrique du démarreur et d'un élément induit mobile fixé à un élément d'engrènement, caractérisé en ce que l'élément induit mobile comporte une partie périphérique rabattue parallèlement à l'axe de rotation dudit élément induit, laquelle partie périphérique comporte une première zone cylindrique constituée de dents polaires aptes à produire un freinage magnétique en rotation permettant un déplacement axial de l'élément d'engrènement et une deuxième zone cylindrique formant une couronne continue de matière, de manière que l'élément d'engrènement soit maintenu axialement dans sa position de travail tant que le démarreur est alimenté.The object of the invention is to remedy this drawback and for this purpose relates to an electric starter of the type comprising an electromagnetic braking device consisting of a fixed inductor circuit, supplied simultaneously with the electric circuit of the starter and of a movable armature element fixed to a meshing element, characterized in that the movable armature element comprises a peripheral part folded down parallel to the axis of rotation of said armature element, which peripheral part comprises a first cylindrical zone made up of polar teeth capable of producing braking magnetic rotation allowing axial movement of the engagement element and a second cylindrical zone forming a continuous ring of material, so that the engagement element is held axially in its working position as long as the starter is powered.
Les dents polaires de l'élément induit mobile ont une largeur correspondante à un arc polaire de valeur telle que le dispositif de freinage magnétique ait une position angulaire de moindre réluctance, le nombre de dents polaires étant judicieusement déterminé pour que l'angle parcouru entre la position repos et la position de moindre réluctance soit le plus faible possible de manière que la valeur de l'énergie cinétique soit inférieure à la force magnétique de freinage.The polar teeth of the movable armature have a width corresponding to a valuable polar arc such that the magnetic braking device has an angular position of least reluctance, the number of polar teeth being judiciously determined so that the angle traveled between the rest position and the position of least reluctance is as low as possible so that the value of the kinetic energy is less than the magnetic braking force.
La description qui va suivre en regard des dessins annexés fera mieux comprendre comment l'invention peut être réalisée.
- La figure 1 représente, en coupe partielle longitidinale, le perfectionnement selon l'invention du dispositif électromagnétique de freinage dans la position repos de l'élément d'engrènement.
- La figure 2 représente le dispositif de la figure 1 dans la position d'engrènement, c'est à dire de travail.
- La figure 3 est une vue en coupe du dispositif électromagnétique de freinage.
- Figure 1 shows, in longitudinal longitudinal section, the improvement according to the invention of the electromagnetic braking device in the rest position of the engagement element.
- Figure 2 shows the device of Figure 1 in the engagement position, that is to say working.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view of the electromagnetic braking device.
Le démarreur comporte, de façon connue, un support 1 (voir fig. 1), un arbre d'induit 2 tourillonnant, par son côté engrènement, dans un coussinet 3 solidaire du support 1, un induit 4 monté sur l'arbre 2, un élément d'engrènement 5, comprenant un pignon 5a et un manchon 5b qui, relié au pignon 5a, par l'intermédiaire d'une roue libre 5c, est susceptible de coulisser en se vissant sur l'arbre 2, par l'intermédiaire des cannelures hélicoîdales 2a. Une butée 6, sur laquelle prend appui, en fin de course, l'élément d'engrènement 5, est disposée vers l'extrémite de l'arbre 2.The starter comprises, in a known manner, a support 1 (see FIG. 1), an
A l'intérieur du palier support 1, il est prévu deux pièces polaires 12 et 12a (voir fig. 1 et 3) fixées dans une carcasse magnétique 14, ladite carcasse étant maintenue dans le support 1 du démarreur. Un enroulement inducteur 13, entourant les pièces polaires 12, alimenté simultanément avec le circuit électrique (non représenté) du démarreur crée un champ magnétique qui, par l'intermédiaire de l'élément induit mobile 7, produit un freinage magnétique pendant la durée de l'alimentation de l'enroulement inducteur 13.Inside the support bearing 1, two
Un ressort de rappel 10, coaxial à l'élément d'engrènement 5, prend appui, d'une part, sur la face 1a du support 1 et d'autre part, sur une pièce 11 en forme de coupelle. La force de rappel exercée par le ressort 10 est transmise à l'élément d'engrènement 5 par l'intermédiaire de la pièce 11 montée rotative sur un coussinet 9, de manière à transmettre ladite force à l'élément mobile induit 7.A
Le coussinet 9, a pour rôle de permettre la rotation de l'élément d'engrènement 5 tout en laissant le ressort 10 immobile en rotation. Conformément à l'invention, et selon un mode préféré de réalisation l'élément induit mobile 7 comporte une partie périphérique rabattue parallélement à l'axe de rotation dudit élément, laquelle partie périphérique comporte une première zone cylindrique 7a contituée de dents polaires 7b (voir fig. 1 et 3) aptes à produire un freinage magnétique en rotation permettant un déplacement axial de l'élément d'engrènement de la position repos vers la position travail, par l'intermédiaire des cannelures hélicoîdales 2a. La partie périphérique comporte une deuxième zone 7c (voir fig. 1) cylindrique formant une couronne continue de matière, de manière que l'élément d'engrènement 5 soit maintenu axialement dans la position travail tant que le démarreur est alimenté, et conséquemment l'enroulement inducteur 13.The role of the
Le fonctionnement du dispositif électromagnétique de freinage est le suivant:
- Dès la mise sous tension du circuit électrique du démarreur, l'enroulement inducteur 13 est alimenté. Il en résulte que l'induit 4 du démarreur est sollicité en rotation en entrainant l'arbre 2, pendant que le champ magnétique crée dans les pièces polaires fixes 12 et 12a, par l'enroulement 13 retient l'élément induit mobile dans sa position de moindre réluctance (voir fig. 3) et provoque, en conséquence, un blocage en rotation de l'élément d'engrènement 5, solidaire de l'élément induit mobile 7 (voir fig. 1 ). L'arbre 2 par sa rotation et par l'intermédiaire des cannelures hélicoîdales 2a provoque le déplacement axial de l'élément d'engrènement 5 suivant la flèche F (voir fig. 1).
- As soon as the electric circuit of the starter is energized, the inductor winding 13 is supplied. It follows that the
armature 4 of the starter is biased in rotation by driving theshaft 2, while the magnetic field created in the fixed 12 and 12a, by the winding 13 retains the movable armature element in its position of lower reluctance (see fig. 3) and consequently causes a locking in rotation of the engagement element 5, integral with the movable armature element 7 (see fig. 1). Thepole pieces shaft 2 by its rotation and by means of thehelical grooves 2a causes the axial displacement of the engagement element 5 according to arrow F (see fig. 1).
Si l'élément d'engrènement 5 (voir fig. 2) se trouve immobilisé dans sa course par la couronne dentée 15 du moteur, c'est à dire si les dents du pignons 5a butent contre celles de la couronne 15 l'élément d'engrènement 5 solidaire de l'arbre d'induit 2, par l'intermédiaire des cannelures hélicoîdales 2a, entraine le pignon 5a en rotation, le couple développé par l'induit étant supérieur à la force magnétique de freinage.If the meshing element 5 (see fig. 2) is immobilized in its race by the toothed crown 15 of the motor, that is to say if the teeth of the
Le pignon 5a tourne jusqu'à ce qu'il pénètre dans la couronne 15 par l'action de l'élément induit mobile 7, qui assure le centrage de la deuxième zone périphérique 7c, formant une couronne continue de matière, dans l'axe des pièces polaires 12 et 12a.The
Pendant la phase d'entrainement en rotation de la couronne dentée 15, par le pignon 5a, l'élément d'engrènement se déplace axialement, par l'intermédiaire des cannelures hélicoîdales 2a, jusqu'à ce que le pignon 5a vienne en appui sur la butée 6. De ce fait la position de centrage de la deuxième zone périphérique 7c dans l'axe des pièces polaires 12 et 12a est dépassée d'environ 0,5 millimètre dans le sens de la flèche F, ceci dans le but de créer un jeu J (voir fig. 2) entre lé pignon 5a et la butée 6 lorsque le moteur ayant démarré, la couronne dentée 15 entrainé le pignon 5a et que l'alimentation du démarreur n'a pas encore été coupée.During the drive phase in rotation of the ring gear 15, by the
Le jeu J a pour but d'éviter une usure rapide, par frottement, des faces en contact de la butée et du pignon, la couronne dentée entrainant le pignon à une vitesse de rotation considérablement supérieure à la vitesse de rotation de l'induit.The purpose of the clearance J is to avoid rapid wear, by friction, of the faces in contact with the stop and the pinion, the toothed ring driving the pinion at a speed of rotation considerably greater than the speed of rotation of the armature.
Quand l'alimentation simultanée du démarreur et du dispositif électromagnétique de freinage est coupée, l'élément d'engrènement 5 revient à sa position de repos sous l'effet du ressort de rappel 10.When the simultaneous supply of the starter and the electromagnetic braking device is cut off, the engagement element 5 returns to its rest position under the effect of the
Il est bien entendu que des modifications peuvent être apportées à cette réalisation, sans pour cela sortir du cadre de l'invention, la valeur des angles de la figure 3 n'étant donnée qu'à titre indicatif. On pourra de même prévoir un nombre plus élevé de pièces polaires 12 et d'enroulements inducteurs 13 de manière à obtenir si nécessaire un freinage plus important de l'élément d'engrènement 5.It is understood that modifications can be made to this embodiment, without departing from the scope of the invention, the value of the angles in FIG. 3 being given only for information. It is likewise possible to provide a higher number of
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7833657 | 1978-11-29 | ||
FR7833657A FR2442973A1 (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1978-11-29 | IMPROVEMENT IN ELECTRIC STARTERS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES IN PARTICULAR OF MOTOR VEHICLES |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0012046A1 EP0012046A1 (en) | 1980-06-11 |
EP0012046B1 true EP0012046B1 (en) | 1981-04-29 |
Family
ID=9215483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19790400763 Expired EP0012046B1 (en) | 1978-11-29 | 1979-10-18 | Electrical starting motor for internal combustion engines, particularly for automotive vehicles |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0012046B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2960318D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2442973A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2841941B1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-09-24 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | IMPROVED STARTER STARTER FOR AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
FR2843782B1 (en) * | 2002-07-03 | 2006-01-27 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | SEPARATE CONTROLLER STARTING SYSTEM OF THE STARTER |
FR2858366B1 (en) * | 2003-07-28 | 2007-09-14 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | PULLEY AND BELT STARTING SYSTEM FOR A THERMAL MOTOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
CN104500304A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2015-04-08 | 锦州汉拿电机有限公司 | Spring reset type starter without electromagnetic switch |
CN104500305A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2015-04-08 | 锦州汉拿电机有限公司 | Inversion reset type non-electromagnetic switch starter |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB818595A (en) * | 1956-05-14 | 1959-08-19 | Simms Motor Units Ltd | Improvements in or relating to coupling means for starter-motors |
US3496759A (en) * | 1968-06-06 | 1970-02-24 | Bendix Corp | Starter drive with friction advance and inertia release |
US3572133A (en) * | 1969-04-04 | 1971-03-23 | Bendix Corp | Starter drive with positive advance and inertia release |
FR2207529A5 (en) * | 1972-11-17 | 1974-06-14 | Paris & Du Rhone |
-
1978
- 1978-11-29 FR FR7833657A patent/FR2442973A1/en active Granted
-
1979
- 1979-10-18 EP EP19790400763 patent/EP0012046B1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-10-18 DE DE7979400763T patent/DE2960318D1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0012046A1 (en) | 1980-06-11 |
DE2960318D1 (en) | 1981-08-06 |
FR2442973B1 (en) | 1985-01-18 |
FR2442973A1 (en) | 1980-06-27 |
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