EA028996B1 - Agent for cleaning hard surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is related to the field of detergents and can be used for chemical removal of salt efflorescences, metal oxides, bleeding cement, mortar residues, atmospheric contamination from surfaces of mineral origin, e.g., ceramic bricks, concrete, plaster, artificial and natural stone, etc., from cladding materials such as plastic, aluminium, metal, wood, glass, etc. The agent for cleaning hard surfaces includes a cleaning component and water. As distinct from the prior art, the agent contains potassium hydrofluoride as a cleaning component, and includes additionally trisubstituted potassium citrate and citric acid with the following proportion of components, wt.%: potassium hydrofluoride - 5-10; trisubstituted potassium citrate - 50-57; citric acid - 3-10; water - the balance. The technical result attained by the present invention is improvement of cleaning properties while ensuring safety of the surface being cleaned.

Description

The invention relates to the field of detergents and can be used for chemical removal of efflorescence, metal oxides and oxides, cement milk, masonry mortar residues, atmospheric pollution from surfaces of mineral origin, such as ceramic bricks, concrete, plaster, artificial and natural stone, etc. ., from facing materials, such as plastic, aluminum, metal, wood, and glass. Means for cleaning hard surfaces contains a cleansing component and water. Unlike the prototype, as a cleansing component contains potassium hydrofluoride, and additionally includes three-substituted potassium citrate and citric acid in the following ratio of components; wt.%: potassium hydrofluoride - 5-10; trisubstituted potassium citrate - 50-57; citric acid 3-10; water - the rest. The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed invention is directed, is to improve the cleaning properties while ensuring safety for the surface being cleaned.

028996 Β1

028996 Β1

028996

The invention relates to the field of detergents and can be used for the chemical removal of efflorescence, characterized by a multicomponent composition, including sulfate sodium, carbonate-sodium, carbonate-calcium, silicate nature, oxides and oxides of metal, cement milk, residues of masonry mortar, including cement, gypsum, dry construction mixtures, atmospheric pollution, including difficult to remove film in the form of iridescent streaks from hard surfaces, including from surfaces of mineral origin Denia, e.g. ceramic brick, concrete, plaster, artificial and natural stone and the like, coating materials, e.g., plastic, aluminum, metal, wood, and with the glass.

The most common stains of stained glass glazing and facades are such as efflorescence, black soot and soot with smudges. To remove such contaminants, alkaline-based products containing surfactants are the most effective detergents. However, these tools are not suitable for cleaning old and heavily soiled surfaces and use strong acid-based products.

A universal foam detergent is known that contains caustic sodium, potassium hydroxide, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salt, a mixture of non-inogenic surfactants, alkyd polyglycoside, alkyldimethylamine oxide, disinfectant component - katamin AB, glycol A, water in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

caustic sodium - 5-15%; caustic potassium - 2-8%;

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid salt - 1.5-5%;

a mixture of nonionic surfactants in the composition alkydpolyglycoside - 2-4%;

alkyldimethylamine oxide - 2-6%;

disinfectant component - katamin AB - 2.5-6%; glycol A - 0.5-2% and water - the rest

[patent for invention KI 2527966, IPC Ο11Ό 1/62, Ο11Ό 1/75, 11Ό 1/825, Ο11Ό 1/835, 11Ό 7/06, 11Ό 3/48, publication date 10.09.2014].

Known universal detergent and degreasing agent for cleaning the surfaces of solids of various structures, which contains components in the following ratio, wt.%:

sodium hydroxide - 20.0-25.0; sodium metasilicate pentahydrate - 27.0-29.0; sodium carbonate - 17.0-19.0;

sodium citrate dihydrate - 5.0-7.0; sodium sulfate - 11.0-18.0; anionic surfactant - 2.0-6.0; non-ionic surfactant - 1.0-5.0; trichlorethylene - 0.1-4.0;

1,1-difluoro-1,2,2-trichloroethane (Freon122) - 0.1-3.0

[patent for invention CI 2537553, IPC Ο11Ό 1/02, 11Ό 1/66, 11Ό 3/02, 11Ό 3/08, 11Ό 3/10, 11Ό 7/28, publication date 01/10/2015].

Known substances are detergents with degreasing properties, have low detergency, unsuitable for removing complex contaminants from hard surfaces.

As a prototype was selected detergent for stone surfaces, water-based, including ammonium fluoride, surfactant, isopropyl alcohol and water in the following ratio, wt.%:

isopropyl alcohol - 25-35; ammonium fluoride - 5-20;

Surfactant - 3-5 and

water - the rest

[patent for invention KI 2268918, IPC Ο11Ό 1/825, 11Ό 3/04, 11Ό 3/20, published on January 27, 2006].

The disadvantages of the prototype are insufficient cleaning properties of a known composition. The prototype tool cannot be used to clean heavily soiled hard surfaces, including heavily soiled building surfaces.

The technical problem to which the proposed tool is directed is to create a means for cleaning hard surfaces that has high cleaning properties while ensuring safety for the surface being cleaned.

The technical result, the achievement of which the claimed invention is directed, is to improve the cleaning properties while ensuring safety for the surface being cleaned.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

- 1,028996

Means for cleaning hard surfaces contains a cleansing component and water. Unlike the prototype, as a cleansing component contains potassium hydrofluoride, and additionally includes three-substituted potassium citrate and citric acid in the following ratio of components; wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 5-10; trisubstituted potassium citrate - 50-57; citric acid - 3-10;

water - the rest.

The use of potassium hydrofluoride in the inventive tool allows to achieve high cleaning ability. When included in the claimed composition of potassium hydrofluoride less than 5% of its cleansing properties deteriorate significantly. When potassium hydrofluoride is present in the claimed composition of more than 10%, the probability of surface damage is high, including the possible formation of condensate on the treated surface in the form of a difficult to remove plaque.

Trisubstituted potassium citrate and citric acid reduce the aggressiveness of the main component - potassium hydrofluoride. In the case of using three-substituted potassium citrate less than 50% and / or citric acid less than 3%, a sufficient reduction in the aggressiveness of potassium hydrofluoride is not ensured to such indicators when the treatment of solid surfaces with the claimed agent does not cause their damage, for example, in the form of opacities, burns, etc. In the case of using three-substituted potassium citrate more than 57% and / or citric acid more than 10%, a significant decrease in the cleaning ability of the claimed agent is observed.

The claimed invention is a versatile tool suitable for removing various types of contamination from all types of hard surfaces. The inventive tool contains metal salts and acid in such a ratio that when used on solid surfaces it does not change the appearance of their material and does not violate their structure, thus being safe for the surface being cleaned.

The inventive tool may additionally contain orthophosphoric acid in an amount of not more than 16 wt.%.

The inventive tool may optionally contain non-ionic surfactant in an amount of not more than 5 wt.%. As a non-ionic surfactant, any non-ionic surfactants known in the art may be used, for example, glyceryl laurate, ethoxylated alcohols or other known non-ionic surfactant.

The use of orthophosphoric acid and non-ionic surfactant provides high detergency of the claimed agent, in addition to its cleansing abilities. Thus, the proposed tool allows you to clean a solid surface from complex contaminants and at the same time wash it, after which it does not require re-treatment. In the case of the use of phosphoric acid in an amount of more than 16 wt.% And / or a non-ionic surfactant in an amount of more than 5 wt.%, The cleaning properties of the proposed drug are reduced.

The inventive tool can be obtained by mixing the components at a certain ratio in a plastic container and diluting them with water until completely dissolved. In this case, gas emissions and wastewater is not formed. The process of obtaining the claimed funds can be issued as a periodic or continuous.

Components that are part of the proposed drug can be obtained by any known method. The claimed agent may be obtained by mixing at a temperature of 18-25 ° C the starting materials in the form of potassium citrate (citrate) trisodium monohydrate, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid or citric acid monohydrate, potassium hydroxide, potassium bifluoride or disubstituted potassium citrate, potassium hydrofluoride, orthophosphoric acid or citric acid monohydrate, monohydrate potassium citrate, potassium hydroxide.

The inventive tool can be applied as follows.

The inventive tool is applied to the pre-moistened cleaned hard surface by spraying from a spray bottle and kept for 15-20 minutes and then washed off. With significant and thick layers of dirt, you can use sponges, brushes, scrapers, which are held on the cleaned solid surface before washing off the proposed drug.

The principle of operation of the claimed invention lies in the fact that when applied to a cleaned solid surface, the inventive tool loosens the contamination structure, which allows it to be removed from the solid surface by flushing with water.

Unlike the prototype of the proposed tool has a number of distinctive features, which allows to judge its compliance with the criteria of patentability "novelty."

The use of potassium hydrofluoride for cleaning metals from rust and other contaminants is known in the art. However, the use of potassium hydrofluoride for cleaning stone, glass and other hard surfaces is not known from the prior art, since its use had the effect of damaging the surface. In addition, when using potassium hydrofluoride to purify

Talls may also be unsafe for the surface, especially when cleaning the surface of a metal coated with paint. The use of the three-substituted potassium citrate and citric acid in the composition of the proposed agent eliminates this problem while maintaining high cleansing properties. Thus, the use of potassium hydrofluoride in the composition of the proposed drug allows to significantly increase the strength of the chemical effect on the treated surface, thereby improving the cleaning properties, and to avoid damage to the treated surface. This allows to make a conclusion on the compliance of the claimed invention with the patentability criterion of "inventive step".

The inventive tool can be produced, applied using known substances, means and methods. Thus, it is possible to judge the compliance of the claimed composition with the criterion "industrial applicability".

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings:

FIG. 1 - a photographic image of the treated surface (stained glass), part of which is cleaned by the claimed means;

FIG. 2 - a photographic image of the surface to be treated (ceramic tile), a part of which is cleaned by the claimed means;

FIG. 3 - a photographic image of the treated surface (plastic), a part of which is cleaned by the claimed means;

FIG. 4 - photographic image of the treated surface (brick), part of which is cleaned by the claimed means;

FIG. 5 - a photographic image of the treated surface (rocky soil), part of which is cleaned by the claimed means;

FIG. 6 shows a photographic image of the surface to be treated (granite), a part of which has been cleaned by the claimed means.

The claimed invention can be implemented as follows.

Example 1. Produce a solution containing the components in the following ratio, wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 3, citric acid - 2, three-substituted potassium citrate - 48, water - the rest.

Example 2. Produce a solution containing the components in the following ratio, wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 5, citric acid - 3, three-substituted potassium citrate - 50, water - the rest.

Example 3. Produce a solution containing the components in the following ratio, wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 7, citric acid - 6, trisodium potassium citrate - 53, water - the rest.

Example 4. Produce a solution containing the components in the following ratio, wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 10, citric acid - 10, three-substituted potassium citrate - 57, water - the rest.

Example 5. Produce a solution containing the components in the following ratio, wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 10, citric acid - 10, three-substituted potassium citrate - 57, orthophosphoric acid - 16,

nonionic surfactant - 5, water - the rest.

Example 6. Produce a solution containing the components in the following ratio, wt.%:

potassium hydrofluoride - 12, citric acid - 12, three-substituted potassium citrate - 59, water - the rest.

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Example 7. The tool prototype, which contains components in the following ratio, wt.%:

ammonium fluoride - 5, isopropyl alcohol - 25, surfactant - 3, water - the rest.

Example 8. The tool prototype, which contains components in the following ratio; wt.%:

ammonium fluoride - 20, isopropyl alcohol - 35, surfactant - 5, water - the rest.

Tests of the cleaning ability and physicomechanical properties of the claimed product were carried out on samples of stained glass with a mirror tinted coating applied by roasting at a temperature of 600 ° C, ceramic tile, plastic, brick, rocky soil, granite, metal facade. The condition of the treated and untreated samples was evaluated visually.

Samples of stained glass with a size of 1.5 x 0.5 m, inserted into an aluminum frame with silicone sealing inserts, in an amount of not less than 5 pieces were processed with the claimed composition and then dried in a natural way. With a thorough visual inspection, it was found that the processing of glass, silicone inserts and aluminum frame by the inventive tool according to examples 2-5 did not impair their physico-mechanical properties and strength characteristics - there was no glass opacity, corrosion of the mirror tinting coating, decomposition of silicone inserts, darkening and burns on the aluminum frame, falling out of the frame.

The results of testing the proposed method in examples 2-5 on samples of ceramic tiles, plastic, brick, rocky soil, granite on the results of visual inspection also showed no damage to the treated surface.

Samples of stained glass were contaminated due to their improper operation after installation (preservative composition in the form of mineral oil was not removed from the glass units in a timely manner, and these samples were installed on the building and did not wash for 7 years), which is in the process of atmospheric exposure and pollution served as the formation of a very dense, non-removable film in the form of rainbow streaks. Samples of ceramic tiles and plastic were jointly used as part of a pool bowl and cleaned according to the results of its operation after draining the water. Samples of brick, metal facade and granite had pollution in the form of efflorescence. Postconstructional pollution was also removed from the surfaces of the brick, rocky soil and metal facade.

Two types of samples were taken for testing: a) highly contaminated; b) slightly contaminated. The principle of application of the proposed agent for cleaning hard surfaces is as follows. Previously, the surface was washed with water (wetted). Then one of the obtained compositions according to examples 1-8 was applied on the cleaned hard surface by spraying from a spray bottle and kept for 15-20 minutes and then washed off with the help of a soft fleecy fabric. Residual water from the treated surface was tightened with skliz. The quality of cleaning and washing was evaluated visually.

The test results are presented in Table. 1. A sign (+) indicates the presence of contamination on the sample. The sign (-) indicates the absence of contamination on the sample.

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Table 1

The cleaning ability of the tool, depending on the quantitative content of its constituent components in comparison with the prototype

Material sample Substance according to example 1 The claimed substance (example 2) Claimed substance (example 3) Claimed substance (example 4) Claimed substance (example 5) The substance according to example 6 Substance by prototype (example 7) The substance on the prototype (example 8) Stained Glass glass Weak pollution (required repeated drawing) - - - - (observed damage surface as cloudiness) + + (reapplication is not gave desired result) Strong pollution + - - - - (observed damage surface as cloudiness) + + (reapplication is not gave desired result) Ceramic tile, plastic Weak pollution - - - - - - + - Strong pollution (required repeated drawing) - - - - - + (required repeated drawing) Brick, rocky soil, granite Weak pollution - - - - - - + (required> reapplication) Strong pollution (required repeated drawing) - - - - - + + Metal facade Weak pollution (required repeated drawing) - - - - (surface damage is observed as burns) + + (reapplication is not gave desired result) Strong pollution + (required repeated drawing) - - - (observed damage surface in the form of burns) + + (reapplication is not gave desired result)

The results of experimental studies of the proposed drug showed that, in comparison with the prototype, it cleans heavily polluted surfaces with the values of its components within the proposed ranges. In case of potassium hydrofluoride content in the claimed agent is less than 5% (Example 1), a significant decrease in cleaning properties is observed. The increase in the claimed composition of the proportion of potassium hydrofluoride above the proposed value does not change its cleansing and detergent properties (example 6), but there is a high probability of damage to the treated surface (turbidity, dullness, destruction of the structure, darkening, burns, etc.).

The compositions of the prototype cleansing ability is not manifested in low-contaminated and highly contaminated samples, subject to the maximum content of ammonium fluoride and isopropyl alcohol (examples 6, 7).

To assess the cleaning and detergency ability of the proposed agent in comparison with the prototype on samples of stained glass with mirror tinted coating and ceramic tile, the method of filtering the wash water after washing was additionally used.

The degree of contamination: determined visually:

1 degree - filter is white or light gray;

2 degree - filter light brown without visible sediment;

Grade 3 - filter is dark or brown with a clearly visible sediment;

4 degree - black filter.

The results of testing are presented in Table. 2

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table 2

The cleaning ability of the tool, depending on the quantitative content of its constituent components in comparison with the prototype

Material sample The claimed substance (example 5) The substance according to example 6 Substance by the prototype (example 7) Substance by prototype (example 8) Stained Glass glass Colour filter Dark brown with sediment The black Light gray Light gray Power pollution 3 four one one Ceramic tile, plastic Colour filter The black The black Light gray Light brown without visible draft Power pollution four four one 2

From tab. 2 that in the minimum concentration combinations the claimed composition (example 2) washes 3rd degree pollution for glass and 4th degree for ceramic tiles, and in the prototype (example 7) - 1st degree pollution. In the maximum concentration combinations, the claimed composition (example 4) washes pollution of the 4th degree, according to the prototype (example 8) - the 1st degree of pollution for glass and the 2nd for ceramic tiles.

Thus, the inventive tool allows you to achieve the following technical result - increasing the cleaning properties while ensuring safety for the surface being cleaned.

Claims (3)

CLAIM 1. Means for cleaning hard surfaces, containing a cleansing component and water, characterized in that it contains potassium hydrofluoride as a cleansing component, and additionally includes three-substituted potassium citrate and citric acid in the following ratio, wt.%: Potassium hydrofluoride - 5-10 ; trisubstituted potassium citrate - 50-57; citric acid - 3-10; water - the rest. 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains orthophosphoric acid in an amount of not more than 16 wt.%. 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally contains glyceryl laurate or ethoxylated alcohol in an amount of not more than 5 wt.%.