EA008913B1 - Mast tower - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to building engineering and could be used for installation and maintenance of mast aerials and other structures subject to constant guying, in particular, for broadcasting stations or cellular communication exchange stations as well as for large-height wind-driven power plants.A mast tower is comprised of sections 1 of a long-length shaft 2. A shaft 2 is comprised of a supporting portion 3 made in the shape of a flexible rod compressed along the central direction, which is guyed at the respective levels with the pitch corresponding to the required flexibility, and of a load-carrying portion 4.A mast tower is also equipped with a device 5 for a multi-level mobile guying of said shaft 2 in a vertical position. A device 5 is comprised of a branched polyspast 6, a counterweight 7 and anchors 8 which are equidistant from the center of said shaft 2 and located at the same level along three or more symmetrical radial directions, angle pulleys 9 and cable braces 10.It is the aim of the present invention to improve the operating characteristics of a mast tower and to simplify its structure, to decrease the material capacity, to increase the carrying capacity of an upper load-carrying shaft portion while preventing it from torsion and also to facilitate the installation procedure.A mobile multi-level guying of a mast tower shaft by means of two-member braces for guying a load platform makes it possible to eliminate any substantial vibrations of said shaft and its twisting even at relatively acute angles of positioning said braces in relation to a vertical direction. This improves the operational characteristics of high-rise structures in question and provides the possibility to decrease the area required for actual installation of a high-rise structure. The assembly of a mast tower is performed by means of a shaft top-down construction with the sections in a vertical position. All this facilitates the installation procedure and improves safety requirements.

Description

The invention relates to the construction and can be used during the installation and operation of antenna mast and other constantly braced structures, in particular for radio television stations or cellular telephone stations, as well as for wind power plants of great height.

Long length vertical sectional structures are known, including a sectional trunk and a device for multi-level maneuverable bracing of the trunk in a vertical position. A device for multi-level maneuverable bracing contains a ramified tackle, counterweight, anchors that are equidistant from the center of the trunk and located in one level in three or more symmetrical radial directions, tap-off units and cable braces, the upper ends of which are attached to the trunk in the levels of rasshchal, and the lower ones are strung through tap-off units and parallel connected in levels to the corresponding branches of the branched chain hoist. The cable stored in the branched chain block is connected to the winch drum with one end, while the other is connected to the counterweight. The ratio of the multiplicity of the reserve cable in the branches of an extensive hoist and the weight of the counterweight are set according to the calculations. With the help of an extensive hoist, they provide a predetermined prestress of the braces of the corresponding levels of trunk bracing. In this case, the retention of the vertical position of the trunk is provided automatically both in the process of raising the trunk and in its stationary state [1].

The disadvantages of mast structures with a flexible barrel, braced by single braces, are the insufficient torsional resistance of the load-carrying part of the trunk.

Also known tower length vertical structures [2].

The disadvantages of tower structures include a large consumption of materials, especially the lower part, and the complexity of installation.

Closest to the invention to the technical essence is a tower mast containing a long sectional trunk consisting of a supporting part, which is made in the form of a flexible rod working on central compression, split in steps with a step corresponding to the standard flexibility, and the load-carrying part, as well as the device for multi-level maneuverable rift of the trunk in a vertical position, containing an extensive hawker, counterweight, anchors, equidistant from the center of the trunk and located in the same level in three or more symmetrical radial directions, tap-off blocks and rope puffs, the upper ends of which are attached to the trunk in the levels of scaling, and the lower ones are stored through the tap-off blocks and are parallelly connected in levels to the corresponding branches of the ramified polyspast [3] (prototype).

In the famous tower-mast, a lengthy vertical shaft is not adapted to hold large-sized and heavy equipment, since it is made in the form of a flexible rod along its entire height. The cable braces of all levels are made single, attached to the trunk in radial planes and do not provide reliable retention of the trunk from torsion.

The aim of the invention is to improve the performance properties and simplify the design of the tower-mast, reducing its material consumption, increasing the carrying capacity of the upper load-carrying part of the trunk while ensuring reliable retention of torsion, as well as simplifying installation.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the tower-mast, including a long sectional trunk, consisting of a supporting part, which is made in the form of a flexible rod working on central compression, divided into levels with a step corresponding to the standard flexibility, and carrying part, as well as multilevel maneuvering of the trunk in a vertical position, containing an extensive hawker, counterweight, anchors, equidistant from the center of the trunk and located at the same level in three or more symmetries the radial directions, tap-off blocks and cable pulls, the upper ends of which are attached to the trunk in the levels of bracing, and the lower ones are stored through the tap-off blocks and parallel in level to the corresponding branches of the ramified tackle, the load-carrying part of the trunk is made in the form of a rigid elongated structure equipped with a loading platform at the end and at the level of the platform ramified at the level and at the level of the opposite end, the brackets for holding the platform are made of two legs and a branch is attached mi to the platform is symmetrical on the sides at the points diametrically opposite from the central axis.

The implementation of the carrying part of the trunk in the form of a rigid elongated structure, equipped with a cargo platform at the end, allows you to place large-size and heavy equipment on the platform. The bracing of the load-carrying part of the trunk in the levels of the upper and lower ends keeps it from turning relative to the horizontal. The use of two-branch braces attached by branches to the platform, symmetrically on the sides at diametrically opposite points equidistant from the central axis, keeps the platform from turning around the vertical.

The mass of the counterweight and the ratio of the multiplicity of the cable retraction in the branches of the branched chain pulley of the device for multi-level maneuverable trunk braking are set according to calculations taking into account the barrel's own weight, the weight of the payload, wind and other impacts.

In the proposed tower-mast from the tower, the upper load-carrying part is taken. The most massive and sailing lower part of the tower is replaced by a lightweight, maneuverablely mapped mast.

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The use of the device for multi-level maneuverable bracing allows convenient mounting of the trunk by growing sections. This ensures the automatic maintenance of the vertical position of the trunk during lifting during installation and during operation. During installation, work at height is excluded, which improves safety conditions.

In addition, maneuverable multilevel trunk bracing during tower-mast operation using two-leg braces for bracing of the cargo platform eliminates significant vibrations and stem twisting even at relatively sharp corners of the braces relative to the vertical. This improves the performance characteristics of the high-rise structure and reduces the required area to accommodate such a tower-mast.

The installation of the load-carrying part of the trunk with a cargo platform on the supporting part of the trunk in the form of a flexible rod using a device for multi-level maneuverable bracing increases the seismic resistance of the high-rise structure without a significant increase in its material intensity.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict the following:

FIG. 1 - tower-mast after installation, top view;

FIG. 2 - the same, side view;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a device for multi-level maneuverable bracing of the trunk;

FIG. 4 - tower-mast at the initial stage of installation, top view;

FIG. 5 - the same, side view.

The tower mast includes sections 1 of a lengthy trunk 2. Barrel 2 consists of supporting part 3, which is made of a flexible rod working for central compression, divided into steps in steps corresponding to the standard flexibility, and load-carrying part 4. For ease of servicing the section 1 trunk 2 are equipped with stairs and platforms (conventionally not shown).

Tower-mast is also equipped with a device 5 for multi-level maneuverable bracing of the trunk 2 in a vertical position. This device contains an branched pulley 6, a counterweight 7, anchors 8, equidistant from the center of the trunk 2 and located in one level in three or more symmetrical radial directions, diverting units 9 and tether braces 10.

The upper ends of the cable braces 10 are attached to the trunk 2 in the levels of bracing, and the lower stocked through the tap-off units 9 and in parallel are connected in levels to the corresponding branches of the branched chain hoist 6.

The load-carrying part 4 of the barrel 2 is made in the form of a rigid elongated structure 11 equipped with a cargo platform 12 at the end and a structure 12 braced at the level of the opposite end of the structure 11. Moreover, the braces 10 for holding the platform 12 are made two-branch and are attached by branches to the platform 12 symmetrically along the sides in diametrically opposite points equidistant from the central axis 13.

For installation of the tower-mast, first prepare to work the lifting device 14 and the device 5 for multi-level maneuverable bracing of the trunk 2.

The lifting device 14 is placed in the free sector between the braces 10 at the foundation 15 for the barrel 2. This may be a mounting boom equipped with a cargo polyspast on a frame with a winch, a lifting crane or other lifting means.

When preparing the device 5 for multi-level maneuverable bracing of the trunk 2, it is first fixed on the anchors 8 by-pass units 9.

The branched pulley 6 can be attached to the foundation 15 of the barrel 2 with its fixed block holder 16.

The movable block yoke 17 of the branched hoist 6 is first temporarily fixed on the auxiliary structure 18 for the counterweight 7.

Through the fixed block holder 16 and the movable block holder 17 stock equalizing cable 19.

One end of the cable 19 is fixed on the drum of the auxiliary winch 20, and the other end stocked through the bypass unit 21 at the top of the auxiliary structure 18 and connected to the counterweight 7.

Rope braces 10 from each level of bracing of the trunk 2 are stockpiled through the tap-off units and connected in parallel, for example, by means of clamps to the corresponding branches of the ramified polyspast 6. Opposite ends of the rope braces 10 are placed at the foundation 15.

Installation of the barrel 2 begin with the installation on the foundation 15 of the initial unit 22 of several connected upper sections 1 of the barrel 2.

The initial block 22 is temporarily raschalivayut, for example, with the help of unused braces 10 one of the levels.

Then on the initial block 22 mounted cargo platform 12.

After that, the initial unit 22 is milled by two-branch braces 10 in the level of the loading platform, and the temporary braces 10 are re-secured to the bottom of the initial unit 22. At the same level, the lower section is attached to the lifting body 23 of the lifting device 14.

Using a lifting device 14 raise the bottom of the initial unit 22 to the height of the next section 1 of the barrel 2.

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The next section 1 is placed under the mounted part of the barrel 2. Then the design connection of this section 1 with the mounted part of the trunk 2 is performed.

After that, re-fixing the temporary braces 10 and the load gripping body 23 are performed to the bottom of the newly docked section 1.

In a similar manner, the assembly of all sections 1 of trunk 2 is performed. As the installation proceeds, cable pulls of 10 corresponding levels of bracing are attached to trunk 2.

In the process of mounting the barrel 2 by growing up with sections 1, a constant prestressing of the cable braces is ensured by the 10 involved levels of bracing. This is ensured by means of a counterweight 7, which must always be in a suspended position inside the auxiliary structure 18. The position of the counterweight 7 at a predetermined height is supported by the corresponding activation of the auxiliary winch 20.

If necessary, re-fasten the lower ends of the cable braces 10 to the corresponding branches of the ramified polyspast 6 after reducing the length of these branches to their original size.

After the installation of the trunk, the device 5 for multi-level maneuverable bracing of the trunk 2 is retained for the period of operation of the tower mast.

The cable block system of maneuverable bracing has been tested when mounting a mast 100 m high in the village of Alachkovo, Chekhov district of the Moscow region, as well as when mounting a tower of 72 m height in the village of Morino, Grodno region in Belarus.

The performance properties of the stated tower mast are tested on models. The author has developed technical documentation for the manufacture and installation of a test sample of a tower mast 40 and 70 m high for cellular communications.

Sources of information taken into account in the preparation of the formula and description of the invention.

1. USSR Author's Certificate, No. 1788183, 01/15/93. Bul No. 2

2. I.A. Afonin, G.I. Yevstratov, T.M. Stoll. "Technology and organization of installation of special facilities." M .: "High School", 1986, p. 167.

3. Eurasian application for invention No. 200401039 of September 6, 2004, with a positive decision to grant a patent / prototype /.

Claims (1)

CLAIM The mast tower, which includes a long sectional barrel, consisting of a supporting part, which is made in the form of a flexible rod working for central compression, divided into levels with a step corresponding to normative flexibility, and a load-bearing part, as well as a device for multi-level maneuvering of the trunk in upright position, containing a branched chain-link, a counterweight, anchors equidistant from the center of the trunk and located at the same level in three or more symmetric radial directions, o water blocks and cable braces, the upper ends of which are attached to the trunk at the mooring levels, and the lower ones are stored through branch blocks and parallel connected in levels to the corresponding branches of the branched chain block, characterized in that the load-bearing part of the barrel is made in the form of a rigid elongated structure equipped with a cargo platform at the end and crucified at the platform level and at the level of the opposite end, and the braces for holding the platform are made of two-branch and are connected by branches to the platform e symmetrically on each side in the central axis equidistant from diametrically opposite points.