EA007797B1 - Way to protect radar stations against antiradar rockets using low-capacity transmitting devices and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to radio engineering and radar protection and can be used for protection of different-purpose mobile and stationary radar stations (SRS) against destruction by radiation-directed anti-radar rockets (ARR).The inventive task is aimed at working out a method of protection radar stations using small-capacity, compact and low-cost transmitting devices (decoy targets).The described invention relates to passive methods of radar protection against anti-radar rockets, equipped with passive radar homing heads. The main method of protection is offset targeting point of the homing heads of the anti-radar rockets against radar station towards a group of the decoy targets, creating radar field around or nearby the radar station. In this case the decoy target acts as a group of distributed interferences put to the selection systems of the anti-radar rockets.The base for building up a system of protection using small-capacity decoy target which enables to concentrate SHF energy generated by horn antennas in pre set space volume. The level of signals emitted by decoy targets is to be not less or somehow exceed the level of the radar side lobes.

Description

The present invention relates to the field of radar and radio countermeasures and can be used to protect mobile and stationary radar stations (radar) for various purposes from damage induced by radiation anti-radar missiles (PRR).

Known ways to protect the radar from the PI, based on the radiation signals from false sources, including:

1. Methods based on the emission of one or several false transmitters through the antenna of pulses unsynchronized with the protected radar (RF patent № 2099734), pulses offset from the sounding signal, each pulse of the false transmitter leading the pulse of the radar protected (German patent № 3341070), pulses overlapping radar pulses (US Patent No. 4,990,919) or coherent pulses (US Patent No. 4,646,098).

2. Methods based on the introduction of an additional device for detecting anti-radar missiles and spurious transmitters with antennas, the radar being turned off when detecting anti-radar missiles, and spurious transmitters turning on and emit signals in the direction of the PRR (German Patent No. 3341069, Japanese Application 2-40193).

3. Methods based on the cessation of radar radiation towards an anti-radar missile when the latter is detected and a false source signal is emitted via an additional antenna connected to the radar cable, either directly from a reflector mounted on the ground (German Patent No. 4229509) or in the air (Japanese application 4-351984).

4. Methods based on the reception of the parameters of its probing signals from the protected radar and the emission of imitating pulses at the frequency of the probing signals of the protected radar (RF Patent No. 2152051).

It is believed that even when the signal power of false transmitters is insufficient to protect the radar power supply, the anti-radar missile redirects to the false transmitter and hits it with a probability close to one. As a result, with simultaneous attacks of the radar by several PIs (standard combat operations) after the first missile of a false transmitter is hit, subsequent missiles are more likely to hit the radar being protected. As a transmitter of false transmitters, a radar transmitter is usually used. Therefore, the cost of one false transmitter is comparable to the cost of one PI. The presence of such two or more false transmitters with a total value of up to 40% of the cost of a radar system casts doubt on the feasibility of creating such protection for the radar, both for economic reasons and because of the substantial weight and dimensions of the system itself.

The present invention is the task of developing a radar protection method using transmitting devices (imitating distractors) with low power, small weight and size dimensions and, as a result, low cost.

The cost of one simulator diverter (OI) does not exceed 1-2% of the cost of the radar as a whole and is less than the cost of the PI.

The system of protection of the radar from the PI, with other technical characteristics, is considered to be economically justified if its value does not exceed 30% of the cost of the radar. Thus, when using low-power and relatively inexpensive transmitting devices, the radar protection system against the PI may have a large number of OIs. At the same time, in the case of destruction, as a result of the fire impact of several PDRs, even half of the OI, the radar defense system will retain its performance, and the radar will be able to perform the combat mission.

The described invention relates to passive methods of protecting the radar from the PI, equipped with passive radar homing heads (GOS). The main method of protection is the displacement of the point of guidance (aiming) of the GOS PI from the radar in the direction of the OI group creating a radar field around or near the radar. In this case, the OI acts as a group of distributed jammers of PRR selection systems.

The basis for building a protection system using low-power OIs is the possibility of concentrating the generated microwave energy by horn antennas in a certain volume of space. The level of signals emitted by an OI should not be less than or slightly greater than the level of side lobes of the radar.

The use of horn antennas and a certain orientation of them make it possible to create a circular protection of the radar from the PRR flying from different directions.

The proposed method OI should be located from each other and from the radar at a distance of not less than two and not more than four radii of the affected area of the combat part of the PI. The number of OIs is selected based on the specified requirements for the effectiveness of distracting the PI from the radar.

Variations of the location of the OI in the radar position are shown in FIG. 1 (radar protection circuit of sixteen OIs) and FIG. 2 (the radar protection scheme is six OI.), Where the number 1 denotes the radar, and the number 2 - OI.

The OI group is located around or in close proximity to the radar (Figs. 1 and 2) and creates a single controlled spatially distributed structure of the radar field, the configuration of which is determined by the algorithms of the system and the number of OIs used.

To exclude the possibility of damage to the radar due to the introduction of the enemy in the PI, provided

- 1 00ΤΊ9Ί reconnaissance of the radar station points and each of the OI, special angle errors, OI or radar can change their location or use the work with partial configuration.

To exclude the selection of OI and radar by the homing head, the PI, OI should emit signals identical to those of the protected radar. OI transmitting devices can be coherent and incoherent, as well as emit signals both at the radar frequency and at frequencies that do not coincide with the radar frequency.

The device consists of at least two OIs and a system for receiving and transmitting telecode information, and each OI consists of a transmitting device with an antenna system, communications equipment and an electrical power supply device.

The principle of operation of the radar protection device from the PI according to the proposed method consists in the following.

The radar system is connected to the equipment of the telecode information transmission system, through which control commands and synchronizing pulses are sent to the equipment of each OI, and information about command execution from the OI to the radar station is received.

On command from the radar, in accordance with the prevailing combat situation, the radiation system is turned on in full or partial configuration, which increases the combat stability of the system as a whole.

Each OI implements microwave pulses in accordance with the algorithms recorded in it. Radar pulses emitted from side lobes are masked among pulses emitted by an OI.

As the OI is destroyed, the proposed device changes the algorithms of its work and proceeds to work in the imitating mode, using the modes of temporal wobulation of the position of the pulses of both OI and radar.

Thus, the OI group creates a controlled energy field of the microwave signals masking the radar, the effect of which on the GOS PRR leads to a shift of the point of guidance (aiming) from the radar to the OI.

To ensure the survivability of the OI, they should be placed in specially prepared shelters that protect all elements, with the exception of antenna devices.

Claims (4)

CLAIM 1. The way to protect radar stations from anti-radar missiles, consisting in the emission of distracting signals, characterized in that the transmitting devices - simulating distraction (OI) - have such generated powers, the spatial concentration of which by horn antennas OI creates radiation power levels that exceed or not less the side-lobe radiation power levels of the radar station to be protected, and certain orientations of the directions of the emission maxima of the horn antennas OI create circularly th radar protection from anti-radar missiles (PRR), flying in different directions. 2. The way to protect radar stations from anti-radar missiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the imitating distractors are placed apart from each other and from the radar at a distance of at least two and at most four radii of the damage zone of the combat part of the PI. 3. The method of protecting radar stations from anti-radar missiles according to claim 1, characterized in that the OI group is located around or in close proximity to the radar and creates a single controlled spatially-distributed structure of the radar field, the configuration of which is determined by the algorithms of the system and the number of OIs used. 4. The method of protecting radar stations from anti-radar missiles according to claim 1, characterized in that as OI is destroyed, the operating algorithms and protection principles change — from masking the radar signal with OI pulses to radar imitation using temporal wobulation modes of the pulses and radar.