EA003373B1 - Optical system of collimator sight - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An optical system of collimator eight comprises a meniscus lens, its convex side faces towards the target being viewed, one of said target surfaces reflects aiming mark radiation, characterized in that the optical system comprises positive lens located between the meniscus element and the aid aiming mark, said mark is moved off optical axis of meniscus element, the positive lens focal distance f meets the requirement: /0.4fM/ < f < /0.6fM/, where fM is focal distance of meniscus element, d' is the distance between the meniscus element and the positive lens meets the requirement 0.7d < d' < 0.9d, where d is a distance between the meniscus element and the aiming mark. 2. The collimator sight optical system of claim 1, characterized in that the positive lens is a flat-convex lens, its convex side faces towards the meniscus element.

Description

The invention relates to an optoelectronic technique, in particular to optical systems of collimator sights, allowing you to accurately point a weapon at a target when firing in various lighting conditions - during the daytime, at dusk, at night.

Known collimator sight [1], the optical system of which includes a meniscus, the concave surface of which reflects the radiation of the aiming mark, and a protective glass from the side of the eye of the shooter. The disadvantage of this optical scheme of the collimator sight is a small exit pupil, which cannot be significantly increased without the appearance of large residual aberrations, leading to a decrease in the accuracy of aiming.

The closest in technical essence is the optical system of the collimator sight [2], which contains a meniscus convex to the object of aiming, one of whose surfaces reflects the radiation of the aiming mark installed on the optical axis of the meniscus. The aiming line of the collimator sight is parallel to the optical axis of the meniscus. The main disadvantage of this sight is a small exit pupil with the permissible dimensions of the structure, or large dimensions of the sight with a sufficient size of the exit pupil.

Usually, an increase in the exit pupil and a reduction in the dimensions of the collimator sight design is accomplished by increasing the meniscus diameter, i.e., the relative aperture of the optical system of the sight, and also by significantly shifting the luminous aiming mark from the optical axis of the meniscus. However, all this leads to the emergence of large field aberrations, in particular astigmatism, leading to an unavoidable parallax, and as a result to a decrease in the accuracy of aiming.

The objective of the invention is to improve the accuracy of aiming and increase the exit pupil of a collimator sight with small dimensions and weight.

To solve this problem, a positive lens in the optical system of the collimator sight containing a meniscus convex to the object of aiming, one of the surfaces of which reflects the radiation of the aiming mark, is shifted from the optical axis of the meniscus between the meniscus and the aiming mark focal length £ satisfying the condition / 0.4 £ _m / <£ </ 0.6 £ _m /, where £ _m is the focal length of the meniscus, at a distance of 6 'from the meniscus satisfying the condition 0.76 <6'<0, 96, where b - distance from m Niska to the aiming mark.

The introduction of a positive lens at a distance of 0.76-0.96 from the meniscus allows you to compensate for residual aberrations of the meniscus, in particular astigmatism, which is detected when the meniscus field of view increases to 10-20 ° when the aiming mark is shifted from the optical axis of the meniscus.

The choice of the focal length of the lens within / 0.4 £ m / - / 0.6 £ m / leads to a decrease in the focal length of the optical system of the sight as a whole, thus increasing the relative aperture of the optical system of the collimator sight.

The offset of the aiming mark from the optical axis of the meniscus, as well as the lens in the form of a lens fragment, ensures that the mechanical design of the aiming mark unit is increased from the field of view of the arrow to increase the exit pupil.

To increase the level of manufacturability of the sight, the positive lens can be made flat convex, facing convexity towards the meniscus.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the optical system of the collimator sight. Radiation from the aiming mark 1, perpendicularly displaced from the optical axis of the system, through a positive lens 2, made flat-convex in the form of a lens fragment, hits the meniscus 3 glued together from two convex-concave lenses, positive and negative, reflected from one of the glued surfaces, radiation sent to infinity at a certain angle to the optical axis of the meniscus 3. The image of the aiming mark is superimposed on the image of the object of aiming, which is also constructed at infinity by meniscus 3 with magnification, close 1 ^x . Thus, the shooter observes the target with the image of the aiming mark superimposed on it.

An example of the calculation of the parameters of the optical system of a collimator sight for the channels of aiming and observation is given in Table. I and II respectively.

The radii of curvature, the thickness of the lenses and the distances between them are determined by calculation, based on the specified conditions and design optimization, taking into account the minimization of residual aberrations. Spherical aberration does not exceed 2 'with an exit pupil of 22 mm, astigmatism is also small, within 2', the sight length is not more than 45 mm with a relative aperture of 1: 1.5.

Table 1

The radii of curvature of the surfaces of the lenses, mm Lens thickness and air gaps, mm Glass brand 0 0.7 Plastic 0 2.1 0 4.5 TC16 -14,322 34.7 -45.29 2 K8 -67,3 -2 -K8 -45.29

TABLE II

The radii of curvature of the surfaces of the lenses, mm Lens thickness and air gaps, mm Glass brand 46.56 1.7 K8 67.3 2 K8 45.29

This optical system can improve the accuracy of aiming at least 1.5 times and increase the diameter of the exit pupil by 1.5-2 times.

Used sources of information

1. US Patent No. 5594584, IPC C 02B 23/00, C 02B 23/10, R 41C 1/32, 01/14/1997

2. US Patent No. 3963356, IPC C 02B 27/34, 06/15/1976 (prototype).

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. The optical system of the collimator sight, containing a meniscus convex to the object of aiming, one of the surfaces of which reflects the radiation of the aiming mark, characterized in that between the meniscus and the aiming mark displaced from the optical axis of the meniscus, a positive lens is introduced, made in the form of a lens a fragment with a focal length £ satisfying the condition / 0.4 £ _m / <£ </ 0.6 £ _m /, where £ _m is the focal length of the meniscus, and set from the meniscus at a distance b ', satisfying the condition 0.7b <b '<0.9b, where b is the distance s from the meniscus to the aiming mark. 2. The optical system of the collimator sight according to claim 1, characterized in that the positive lens is made flat convex, facing convexity to the meniscus.