DK3015414T3 - Load Handling Equipment - Google Patents

Description

The invention consists of load handling equipment for handling lifting goods, primarily part of a wind power plant, by means of a crane-like lifting device, e.g. a crane or comparable device, in order to change the position of the lifting goods from storage to mounting position in connection with a transport process, e.g. lifting.

[0002] Load handling equipment which can cause a position change of the load during lifting is known, inter alia, from EP 2 118 483 B1. With the use of such load handling equipment, it has been found that for every load, e.g. for each hub for a wind turbine, separate cross sections (traverses) must be provided because the load handling equipment is geared to the size and constructive design of the lifting goods. In addition, there is the problem that the load handling equipment is mounted on the side in connection with handling the lifting goods, here a wind turbine hub, and that the hub is already tilted on the side shortly after lifting has begun. This results in a high load in the area around the hub, which, while tipping, is still on the storage floor, which can cause damage.

In addition, due to side attachment, a relatively large surface will be required, in any case a larger surface than if the load handling equipment is placed above the lifting load and lifts it evenly without tipping.

In addition, it has been found that further adjustment of the lifting load in the mounting position requires a relatively large force exertion, because the one center of gravity of the load handling equipment does not, or only approximately, correspond to the center of gravity of the lifting load (COG, Center of Gravity).

Other possibilities may be to change the position of the load from transport to mounting position, but it will require the use of two cranes, which is more expensive.

From JP S52 8865 U and KR 2011 0035727 A is also known for load handling equipment, where a single or two drive chains are normally controlled unidirectionally via a single drive. However, this will not result in an optimal balancing of the goods to be transported. DE 201 09 835 U1 presents a working platform with four different drives, more specifically games that can only be steered unidirectional and require a massive construction.

In this context, the object of the invention is to provide load handling equipment where the position of the load can be changed and in particular tipped from storage to assembly position in connection with a transport process. The equipment must be capable of being used flexibly and must not be intended for only a specific kind of lifting goods. In this connection, it should be possible to better adjust the lifting load from the storage position. The best thing would be if the power needed for adjustment and position change is reduced as much as possible.

This object solves the invention by virtue of the features of claim 1, the fixing device of claim 20 and the method of claim 13. The subordinate claims contain further design variants of these solutions according to the invention.

The load handling equipment of the invention is thus equipped with a holding device for placing the load handling equipment on the lifting device and several pulling means for placing the lifting goods on the load handling equipment for handling the lifting goods by means of a crane-like lifting device, e.g. a crane or comparable lifting device. In addition, it is provided with at least two rotatable and lockable rotary bodies guiding the pulling means and on which at least one pulling means is arranged. By disposed is meant that the respective pulling means is located on one side of the rotating body concerned. The rotary bodies are controlled one-way or the other by means of a drive. In the following, '' crane-like lifting device '' is replaced by '' lifting device '.

The rotary bodies may be controlled together or separately. Through the drive control, there is a certainty that the rotating bodies can be locked, so that very precise control of the positioning of the lifting goods is possible.

For example, by independently controlling the rotational motion of at least one rotary body, e.g. change the position of the lifting goods. In such cases, however, only lifting will take place on one side, which under certain constellations can be used to achieve a better adjustment of the lifting goods.

In general, the position of the load can be changed in connection with the one or the opposite rotation of the rotary bodies (usually there will be 2). By turning the rotary bodies evenly, the lifting material can be tilted and thus adjusted for mounting. By counter-rotating control of the rotating bodies, the lifting goods will be lifted, which can sometimes be used for better adjustment of the goods, e.g. if a particular lifting device - for example, the crane wire - can not be operated.

In the rotational motion of at least one rotational body, a tensile agent applied to the rotary body will normally be absorbed or released therefrom. In other words, this means that the pulling means are guided by the rotating bodies. This is at least the case with flexible pullers such as. chains or ropes that, in conjunction with the rotational movement, are either wound up or rolled out.

However, inflexible tensile agents such as e.g. tensile rods placed on the rotary body eccentrically movable so that the rotational bodies also guide the tension rods. The pulling means of the rotary bodies can be either of equal length or of different length depending on their constructive design and the lifting goods to be transported.

In another of the embodiments of the invention, the rotary bodies are interchangeable to ensure a better adjustment of the load handling equipment relative to a particular load. The rotary bodies may also be located on an axis or positioned independently of one another on the load handling equipment. In such a case, propulsion takes place via two partial drives, e.g. two motors or two hydraulic drives.

Rotary bodies may be belt or chain discs, wafer discs, games, hoists or spills. The rotary bodies will usually have a radially symmetrical or non-radially symmetrical shape, i.e. they may be circular or elliptical, but the invention has also produced partially circular and partially elliptical rotational bodies. In another embodiment of the invention, the rotary bodies have one or more frontal grooves or multiple frontal teeth holding the pulling means in place.

In addition, the rotating bodies may, for example, be of such a shape and size that the position of the lifting load, in this case the degree of inclination, can be changed 90 degrees through less than one rotation if the rotary bodies rotate in the same direction.

The lifting goods can thus be tilted 90 degrees. However, rotational bodies having a shape and size can also be imagined that the position of the load can be changed 90 degrees through less than one rotation of at least one of the rotating bodies.

In one of the embodiments of the invention, the load handling equipment has a lifting yoke which may also be interchangeable. Also length adjustment can be possible. If a lifting yoke is used, this will be placed on the pulling means in the area between the rotary bodies and the lifting goods.

The loading means of the load handling equipment are positioned on the rotating bodies in such a way that they lie opposite one another at a defined distance and extend from the at least two rotational bodies towards a lifting yoke which also belongs to the load handling equipment and / or the lifting goods, on which they are arranged. Due to the symmetrical structure of the load handling equipment, the traction means extend so that they are normally facing each other. The defined distance is chosen based on the requirement that the lifting goods must be able to be tipped to bring it from a conveyor to a mounting position, irrespective of the type of lifting, pulling means and rotating bodies concerned and no matter how the latter is positioned. The distance of the towing means from each other will normally increase in the direction towards the lifting goods, where they are also placed opposite each other in a particular device and at a further defined distance determined by the points of impact of the lifting goods.

If a lifting yoke is used, the pulling means also through this achieve a defined distance to each other, which normally increases in the direction of the lifting yoke and in the further direction towards the lifting goods will proceed in parallel. The concrete design of the lifting yoke, e.g. the length is adjusted to the type of goods to be transported so that one can speak of a variability of use. The towing means are at the end of the lifting yoke and, as previously shown, on the lifting goods.

In one of the advantageous embodiments of the invention, the lifting load may be placed on the load handling equipment in such a way (or will the lifting load already be located if the lifting takes place from storage position), that the load centering / virtual rotation center of the load handling equipment varies according to the design and arrangement of the rotary bodies and lifting gear. and the center of rotation of the lift is vertically displaced in the vertical position and the COG (center of gravity) of the lift corresponds to its center of rotation. This makes it easier to tip the lift without much force and also offers a number of advantages when handling the lift. However, it should be noted that the center of gravity of the lift (COG) is usually shifted in the tipping direction when tipped, which can cause the lift to overturn. The drive ensures that the rotating bodies are locked again in the mounting position.

As drives to the rotary bodies, e.g. one or more motors or one or more hydraulic controls, but basically all types of drives can be used.

Handling of the lifting goods normally comprises transporting the lifting goods from the storage position at the transport site to the mounting position at the mounting site incl. a change of position. Plants and machinery or machine parts are considered as lift goods. Normally, these will be wind power plants and the associated parts, including in particular hubs with or without rotor blades.

[0026] According to the invention, the transport of the lifting goods by means of the mandatory lifting yoke from a transport to a mounting location including position change (inclination of lifting goods) is divided into the following steps: [0026] First, the load handling equipment is brought to the lifting goods. to be over this.

Thereafter, the towing means are secured to the lifting goods at a further defined distance relative to each other. In this connection, they are safely secured to the lifting goods in the generally known manner. The load handling equipment will basically be located above the lifting load, so that side grabbing in connection with larger space needs can be avoided. The rotary bodies will be locked. It would be advantageous without the necessity of the invention, however, if the load is taken up as described, so that respectively. the center of rotation of the load handling equipment and the lifting goods is vertically displaced in the vertical position and the COG of the lifting goods corresponds to its center of rotation.

A lifting device, e.g. a crane, lifts the goods and transports them to a place of assembly. In connection with the transport, in particular either during or after the transport, the position of the goods, ie. degree of inclination, either by one rotational body after the lock has been released, by a controlled rotary movement, picking up or releasing the one attached puller or by the at least two rotational bodies, after a locking, by a unidirectional controlled rotational movement, releases it at first the rotary body attaches pulling means and receives the second pulling means attached to the second rotating body so that the lifting goods occupy their mounting position or have already taken it upon arrival at the mounting location. After the change of position and the associated occupation of the mounting position, the rotating bodies are locked again and the lifting goods can subsequently be mounted in place. If the position of the lifting goods, e.g. the slope, changes in connection with transport, ie. during or after transport, according to the invention's load handling equipment, this can also begin before the transport process starts. In this case, however, it is important to note that in this case the lifting goods are lifted or adjusted slightly by means of the crane or an opposite movement in the rotating bodies and subsequently poured as described in order to prevent unilateral lifting of the lifting goods, e.g. the wind turbine hub, up from the storage position with the resulting high load on the hub's still lying edge.

Thus, e.g. a wind turbine hub is lifted from the storage position (load take-up) and rotated 90 degrees (corresponding to the required mounting position for this element), transported to the wind turbine and positioned securely in connection with the assembly. Due to its design, the load handling equipment can be used for various kinds of hubs and other wind turbine elements. In the bearing position, the hub usually rests on the circumferential edge of the base.

Thus, this is a load handling equipment in which the lifting goods in connection with the lifting can be brought from a warehouse over to a transport position. As the equipment is flexible, this applies not only to a specific kind of lifting goods, but to different types of goods. In addition, depending on the location of the load on the load handling equipment, it is possible to limit the use of force for adjustment or position change in relation to the conventional device. In addition, with the load handling equipment of the invention, the lifting can be controlled via one or two rotating bodies, on one or both sides, as well as controlling the tilting of the lifting goods. This will mean better balancing and adjustment compared to the conventional device. Especially the at least two rotational bodies incl. their tensile agents ensure a better application variability. The same is true when using a lifting yoke, especially if this can be adjusted in length. The lifting yoke is, as previously mentioned, equipped with a drive for length control. Possibility of changing the rotary bodies increases variability. Furthermore, gripping of the wind turbine hub from the side is not necessary, which gives greater flexibility. Finally, it is not necessary to lift the hub on one side only when lifting is started, which reduces the risk of damage to the circumferential edge of the pedestal.

The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the figure. In this connection, several advantages, properties and embodiments of the invention are mentioned.

FIG. 1 shows the load handling equipment 1 of the invention for handling hoists 2. In the example shown, there is a wind turbine hub with a crane as a lifting device. In the storage position, the lift 2 rests in the form of a hub on the circumferential edge of the base 11. The load handling equipment 1 is located above the lift 2.

The load handling equipment 1 is provided with a holding device 3 for placing the equipment on the crane. In addition, it is equipped with two rotating bodies 5 located on a split shaft. The shaft with the two rotating bodies 5 is arranged on a vertical system of rods 9 on which the holding device 3 is also mounted. Here, the rotary bodies 5 consist of two pulleys. Via the shaft, the bodies 5 are provided with a drive 6 which makes them controllable. This means that they can lock or perform a rotational movement. The drive 6 consists of an electric motor.

In addition, the load handling equipment 1 has two pulling means 4, the task of which is to place the lifting goods 2 on the load handling equipment 1. The pulling means 4 are arranged on the rotating bodies 5. The pulling means 4 are guided by the rotating bodies 5 via frontal grooves. At a rotational movement of at least one of the two rotating bodies 5, the tensile means 4 attached thereto are either absorbed or released.

In addition, the load handling equipment 1 is provided with a lifting yoke 7, the ends of which of the pulling means 4 are also arranged 8. The lifting yoke 7 is located on the pulling means 4 in the area between the two rotating bodies 5 and the lifting goods 2. The pulling means 4 are also arranged on the lifting goods 2. more particularly, around an opening on the cone-shaped nose of the hub as lifting lug 2. Another device, e.g. around openings for mounting rotor blades (hubs) can also be realized.

The rotary bodies 5 guide the pulling means 4 in such a way that they lie opposite one another at a defined distance determined by the arrangement of the two rotary bodies 5 and extend from the two rotational bodies 5 in the direction towards the lifting yoke 7 and the lifting goods 2. On the lifting goods 2, the pulling means 4 also lie opposite each other for a further defined distance. In the example, the further defined distance of the pulling means 4 is determined by the lifting yoke 7 and the positioning of the pulling means 4 on the lifting lug 2. In this connection, the lifting yoke 7 is longitudinally aligned to the hub as lifting lug 2. The length of the lifting yoke can be adjusted depending on the size of the hub and thus adjusted.

The rotary bodies 5 can be controlled together or separately. You can also choose either a single or opposite control. In addition, the rotary bodies 5 are interchangeable.

Reference: [0038] 1. Load Handling Equipment 2. Lifting Goods 3. Holder 4. Pulling Agent 5. Rotary Body 6. Motor 7. Lifting Yoke 8. Lifting Yoke End 9. Bars 10. Circular Edge 11. Socket

See requirements below

Claims (13)

1. Load handling equipment (1) for handling lifting goods (2) by means of a crane-like lifting device, wherein the load handling equipment (1) has a holder (3) for placing the equipment (1) on the lifting device and several pulling means (4) for placing the lifting goods. (2) on the load handling equipment (1), at least two rotatable and lockable rotary bodies (5) guiding the pulling means (4) and on which at least one pulling means is arranged. The rotary bodies (5) are controlled one-way or the other by means of a drive (6). 2. Load handling equipment (1) according to claim 1, wherein the rotating bodies (5) can be controlled together or separately. Load handling equipment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotating bodies (5) are interchangeable. 4. Load handling equipment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotating bodies (5) are belt or chain discs, curve discs, winches, hoists or spills. 5. Cargo handling equipment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cargo handling equipment (1) has a spreader (7) on which the pulling means (4) is arranged. The load handling equipment (1) according to claim 5, wherein the lifting yoke (7) is on the pulling means (4) in the area between the rotating bodies (5) and the lifting goods (2). Cargo handling equipment (1) according to one of the preceding claims 5 or 6, wherein the towing means (4) are located at the end (8) of the lifting yoke (7) and / or on the lifting goods (2). Cargo handling equipment (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pulling means (4) lie opposite one another at a defined distance and extend from the at least two rotational bodies (5) towards a lifting yoke (7) and / or the lifting goods. (2) on which these are also positioned opposite each other at a defined distance. The load handling equipment (1) according to claim 8, wherein the towing means achieve the defined distance (4) relative to each other through the lifting yoke (7). A load handling equipment (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotating bodies (5) have a radially symmetrical or non-radially symmetrical shape and / or are partially circular or partially elliptical. 11. Load handling equipment (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotary bodies (5) have one or more frontal grooves or several frontal teeth holding the pulling means (4) in place. 12. Cargo handling equipment (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the lifting goods (2) can be placed on the load handling equipment (1) in such a way that the center of rotation of the cargo handling equipment (1) and the lifting goods (2) is vertically displaced in the vertical position and (2) COG aligns with its center of rotation. Method for transporting lifting goods (2) from a transporting place to a mounting location by simultaneously changing the position of the lifting goods (2) by means of load handling equipment (1) according to one of claims 1-12, wherein - the load handling equipment (1) thereof are positioned substantially above the lifting goods (2), - the opposite pulling means (4) are fixed at a defined distance to each other to the lifting goods (2), - the rotating bodies (5) are locked, - a lifting device lifts the goods (2) and carries it to a mounting point, in which connection the position of the lifting lug (2) is changed by either one of the rotary bodies (5) after the lock has been released, through a controlled rotary movement, picking up or releasing one of the fastening means (4) or at least the two rotating bodies (5) after the lock has been released, through a unidirectional controlled rotational movement releases the pulling means (4) fixed on the first rotating body (5) and receives the second pulling means (4) attached to the second rotary body (5) so that the lifting goods (2) occupy their mounting position or have already occupied it upon arrival at the mounting location, in which connection the two rotary bodies (5) are locked again.