DK2180117T3 - Safety railing for scaffolding, installation procedure and thus obtained scaffolding - Google Patents

Description

RIGID ASSEMBLY OF UPPER AND LOWER GUARDRAILS FOR SCAFFOLDING.

INSTALLATION METHOD AND SCAFFOLDING OBTAINED

The invention relates to a rigid assembly of upper and lower guardrails for scaffolding, the installation method and scaffolding obtained.

It is known that the mounting of scaffolding requires separate safety guardrails and lower guardrails attached on each side of the levels or stages of the scaffolding to laterally protect the person using it from falling. However, the installation of these guardrails and lower guardrails is relatively complicated to achieve at height, in particular by a single person and can require special poles.

Reference is made to document FR 2 732 706 Al.

The invention aims to remedy this drawback and proposes an assembly of safety guardrails and lower guardrails designed to be installed on the ladder frames of scaffolding, comprising a guardrail and a lower guardrail of the same length rigidly connected to one another opposite one another by at least one bar, the guardrail and the lower guardrail forming two parallel branches of a rectangular parallelogram and being able to attach with their ends onto the erected vertical ladder frames of the scaffolding, characterised in that the lower guardrail also comprises two outer rods articulated in the plane of the parallelogram and each provided with a hook at its end, these each being able to be attached by its hook onto each of the two ladder frames with a view to securing the connection of the upper and lower guardrail assembly relative to the ladder frames.

This arrangement enables an operative to install the upper and lower guardrail assemblies with articulated rods from the ground or a lower level of the scaffolding, especially while being laterally protected by the upper and lower guardrails of the lower level.

According to the advantageous characteristics of the invention, said upper and lower guardrail assembly comprises two bars rigidly connecting the guardrail and the lower guardrail, arranged perpendicularly thereto and equidistance from their opposite ends. Preferably, they are each arranged on one side of the upper and lower guardrail assembly, for example at a quarter or a third of their length. Said upper and lower guardrail assembly can also comprise three or more bars rigidly connecting the guardrail and the lower guardrail, arranged perpendicularly thereto.

The articulated rods are long enough to enable the installation at height at arm's length of the upper and lower guardrail assembly on the erected ladder frames of the scaffolding level to be installed by an operative whether on the ground or on the deck of the lower level of the scaffolding.

Advantageously the guardrail and lower guardrail are provided at each of their ends and in continuation thereof with a set of two plates designed to be tightly fitted on both sides of an upright of a ladder frame, one of the plates designed to be on the inside, longer than the outer plate, being provided with a lower recess able to have one rung of the ladder frame attached therein, during installation, in order to secure it to the ladder frame by connecting the articulated rod to an upright thereof. This configuration of the long and short plates at each end of the guardrails and lower guardrails enables, when the ladder frames of the scaffolding are erected vertically, connected by their diagonal rods, during installation, the translation of the upper and lower guardrail assembly on one side of the scaffolding, the guardrail and lower guardrail plates coming from this side along the upright of the ladder frame, far enough so that the plates of the opposite ends can pass in front of the upright of the ladder frame opposite and also come from each side of this upright, with attachment of the lower recess on the rung. The attachment of the recesses on each of the facing rungs is simultaneous. The upper and lower guardrail assembly is thus held laterally securely to the ladder frames by the plates on the uprights. It is also held in position at two points by the attachment of the recesses of the upper long plates of the guardrail on the two facing rungs of the opposite ladder frames and by the triangulated connection of the articulated rods onto the uprights.

The hooks of the articulated rods are advantageously of the type to clamp the upright, for example by means of a jaw or grips clamped by screw onto the upright, preferably each articulated with the rod.

The upper and lower guardrail assembly can also comprise a transverse middle symmetrical plane such that it can be mounted indifferently onto one or another of the sides of the scaffolding.

The invention also relates to the installation method for scaffolding with the upper and lower guardrail assembly as previously described.

This method comprises the following steps: - erecting, from the ground or from a level of the mounted scaffolding, two ladder frames to be connected vertically one from another by the diagonal rods, - lifting, from the ground or a deck of the lower level, an upper and lower guardrail assembly by means of its articulated rods deployed by an operative as far as the upper level of the two erected ladder frames, - attaching the assembly by its end, relative to one upright of the ladder frame, the guardrail and lower guardrail plates coming from each side of the upright, and far enough to make the other end of the assembly pass in front of the upright of the opposite ladder frame, and then bringing the assembly to attach on the upright of the opposite ladder frame and positioning the recesses of the long plates on the rungs facing the two ladder frames, and - securing the articulated rods by their end hook to each of the facing uprights of the opposite ladder frames.

Naturally, the installation of the second upper and lower guardrail assembly on the two other facing uprights of the ladder frames (of the other side) is carried out in the same way as above.

Furthermore, the installation of successive levels of the scaffolding is executed in a similar way, level by level from the deck of the lower level.

The dismantling of the scaffolding is carried out according to a series of steps in reverse to those of the installation.

The invention also relates to scaffolding obtained by implementation of the above method of installation.

The invention is illustrated below using one exemplary embodiment and with reference to the attached drawings wherein: - FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an upper and lower guardrail assembly according to the invention with its articulated rods in folded position, - FIG. 2 shows the installation from the ground of the first upper and lower guardrail assembly on scaffolding during execution, - FIG. 3 shows the installation of the second upper and lower guardrail assembly on the scaffolding, and - FIGS. 4 and 5 show the attachment variants of the upper and lower guardrail assembly onto the rungs of the ladder frame.

With reference to the drawings and in particular to FIG. 1, a rigid upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 for scaffolding according to the invention comprises one guardrail 3 and one lower guardrail 5 in metal connected in parallel and rigidly one to another by means of two bars 7 secured perpendicularly to each of them, for example welded onto them.

The guardrail 3 and lower guardrail 5 are approximately the same length and are arranged opposite one another vertically at a distance of 0.50 meters according to a rectangular parallelogram. The bars 7 are arranged symmetrically in relation to a transverse middle plane P of the upper and lower guardrail assembly, each one at around a third of the length of the rails of each side of the assembly 1.

The guardrail 3 and lower guardrail 5 are provided at each of their ends with two plates longitudinally parallel 9, 11; 9', 11', respectively, arranged in the continuation of the guardrail or lower guardrail.

One of the plates, the inner one 9 or 9', is longer than the other 11, 11'. The long plate 9 of the guardrail designed to come inside the upright 13 of the ladder frame 15 is designed with a lower cut-out 17, which is provided with a lower recess 19 essentially triangular designed to receive one rung 21 of a ladder frame 15 of the scaffolding erected vertically, while the other shorter plate 11 clamps the upright 13, in the same way as the long plate 9 but over a shorter length.

The lower guardrail 5 is provided at each of its ends with two plates, one long inner plate 9' without recess and one short outer plate 1Γ.

These plates 9, 11, 9', 11' extend far enough from the end of the guardrail 3 or lower guardrail 5 to enable, while they clamp the upright 13 on one side of the assembly 1, the draw back in horizontal translation of the assembly 1 in the outer direction and enable the other end of the assembly 1 with its plates 9, 11, 9', 11' to be able to pass in front of the upright 13 facing the opposite ladder frame, at a short distance from it, and return in the opposite direction to enable attachment of the recess 19 of the long plate 9 on the corresponding rung 21, this attachment being similar and simultaneous for the two recesses 19 on the two rungs 21 facing the opposite ladder frames 15.

The assembly 1 also comprises two rods 23 mounted articulated towards the outside on the lower guardrail 5 in the plane of the parallelogram, each at a short distance from the end of one of the two bars 7, between them.

These rods 23 have a length of around one meter, which enables the upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 to be brought to the top level of the ladder frames 15, at the arm's length of a person holding the rods 23 in vertical extension (FIG. 2). These rods 23 are each provided at their end with an articulated hook 25 of jaw type able to clamp the upright 13 with a rigid grip.

The installation of this upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 is now described with reference to the FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 shows the mounting of scaffolding 27 from the ground. Two vertical ladder frames 15 are erected vertically on a lower base 29. They are connected by a diagonal bar 31 on each of their sides. The operator 33 has firstly to lift one upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 by means of the articulated rods 23 by taking them with their ends and bringing them at arm's length to the top of the two ladder frames 15. As the assembly is lifted to the upper level of the ladder frames 15, the operator attaches the upper and lower guardrail end plates 9, 11; 9', 11' of one side of the assembly relatively to an upright 13 of the ladder frame 15. They then move the assembly 1 towards the outside, the plates respectively 9, 11; 9', 11' sliding on the upright 13, then they pass the other end of the assembly 1 in front of the upright 13 of the opposite ladder frame 15; they then attach the plates of this end 9, 11; 9', 11' on the upright 13 and then move the assembly 1 in the other direction until the two recesses 19 of the long plates 9 of the guardrail simultaneously attach onto each of the rungs 21 facing the two ladder frames 15. At this time, it only remains to secure the articulated rods 23 each to the near corresponding upright 13 of each of the two ladder frames 15 by clamping its end hook 25 rigidly to the upright 13.

The upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 is then secured to the upright, held rigidly by the triangulation of the articulated rods 23 gripping the uprights 13.

The second upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 (FIG. 3) is installed in the same way on the other uprights 13 of the scaffolding. As a result, the ladder frames 15 being also rigidly connected one to another by the clamped triangulation of the articulated rods 23; the diagonal linking bars 31 of the ladder frames can be removed.

The scaffolding deck (not shown) can then be installed, and then a new scaffolding level can be installed, in the same way as described above from the scaffolding deck of the level in place.

Naturally, the dismantling of the scaffolding is carried out in the reverse way to the installation.

Variants of embodiment can be imagined as part of the invention. Thus, the two linking bars 7 can be replaced by a single median. The hooks 25 can furthermore be of another type than jaw or clamping grip, they can be with hook and clamping tensioner, for example with screw to firmly clamp the triangulation link and prevent any play therein.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the two end plates 9, 11, 9', 11' of each of the guardrails 3 and lower guardrails 5 can be replaced by a single inner plate 35 provided with an additional notch 37 with little play of the end section narrowed vertically, ovalised or with a relief or lateral retention stop of the rung 21, which is connected internally to the upright 13 of the ladder frame. This narrowed section, vertically ovalised 39 of the rung 21 in the case of the exemplary embodiment, is of width less than the circular, square, rectangular or other section of the body of the rung 21. It receives the notch 37 of the plate 35, which is locked transversely on the rung 21. The guardrail 3 or lower guardrail 5 thus positioned on the rung against the inner face of the upright 13 cannot slide transversely and remains held rigidly in position.

The plate 35 can furthermore be shaped (FIG. 5) with a curved and shortened hook shape 41 surrounding the inner face of the upright 13, which prevents mistakes in the installation direction of the upper and lower assembly 1 on the uprights 13 of the ladder frame and enables an alignment of the upper and lower assembly 1 with the uprights 13.

Furthermore, installation is simplified because it is no longer necessary to pass the two end plates of the guardrail 3 and lower guardrail 5 of the previous exemplary embodiment (FIG. 3) in each upright 13. It is enough to introduce the upper and lower guardrail assembly 1 inside the two erected ladder frames 15 by turning it slightly, lowering the end hooks 41 of the guardrails and lower guardrails simultaneously onto the ovalised end sections 39 of the four rungs 21 to attach and grip them thereto. Then the articulated rods 23 can each be secured to an upright 13 of the ladder frame to finish the installation.

Claims (12)

A safety railing (1) designed to be mounted on ladders (15) on scaffold (27) and comprising a handrail (3) and a lower handrail (5) of similar length and rigidly connected in parallel to at least one rod (7), the handrail (3) and the lower handrail (5) forming two parallel branches of a rectangular parallelogram and capable of engaging with their ends in the upright vertical riser frames (15) in the scaffold, characterized in that the lower handrails (5) further comprise two outer pivotal bars (23) in the face of the parallelogram, each provided with a hook (25) at the end, each of which can be connected via each of its hooks (25) to each of the two riser frames ( 15) in order to strengthen the connection of the safety rail to the riser frames (15). Security railing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two rods (7) which rigidly connect the handrail (3) and the lower handrail (5) and are perpendicular thereto and at the same distance from their opposite ends. Safety railing (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the swivel rods (23) are long enough to allow installation of the safety railing (1) at the height of the raised arms (15) at the scaffold level to be installed by an operator (33), on the ground or on the deck of the lower plane of the scaffold. Security railing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that upper rails (3) and lower rails (5) are provided at each end thereof and are subsequently provided with a set of two plates (9, 11). 9 ', 11') configured to be positioned at small intervals on each side of a post (13) on a ladder frame (15), one (9) of the plates (9, 9 ') being designed to be on the inside; is longer than the outer plate (11, 11 ') and is provided with a lower notch (19) capable of receiving a step (21) of a riser frame (15) in engagement to secure it to the riser frame (15). ) by connecting the pivot rod (23) to a post thereof. Security railing (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the long plate (9) of the handrail, which is designed to be on the inside of the post (13) on the ladder frame, is formed with a lower cut-out (17) provided having a substantially triangular lower incision (19) configured to receive a step (21) from a vertically upright ladder frame (15) in the scaffold, while the other shorter plate (11) engages the post (13). Security railing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hooks (25) on the rotatable rods (23) are of the type engaging the post (13). Security railing (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the hooks (25) are pivotally connected to the rods (23). Method for scaffolding (27), for installing a safety railing (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - traveling, from the ground or from a total scaffold level, two riser frames (15) to be connected vertically to each other by diagonal struts (31), - to raise, from the ground or from the deck of a lower plane, a safety railing (1) by means of its unfolded, rotatable rods (23) by an operator (33), up to the upper plane of the two upright ladders (15), - connecting the safety railing (1) at its end (9, 11; 9 ', 11') to a post (13) on a ladle frame (15), placing the plates (9, 11; 9 ', 11') in the upper handrail (3) and the lower handrail (5) on each side of the post (13), and far enough away that the other end (9, 11; 9 ', 11') of the safety railing (1) can pass in front of the post (13) of the opposite ladder frame, after which the safety railing (1) is caused to engaging the post of the opposite ladder frame, and placing the notches (19) on the long plates (9) on the steps (21) facing the two ladder frames (15), and - securing the connected bars (23) , by means of their end hook (25), with each of the posts (13) facing the opposite ladder frames (15). Method of removing the safety railing (1) in a scaffold installed according to claim 8, characterized in that it is carried out in the reverse order of the installation procedure. Security railing (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper handrail (3) and the lower handrail (5) are provided with a single inner plate (35) at each end and their extensions. a small space complementary incision (37) for the vertically reduced end piece (39) which is oval or with a relief or lateral restraint on the step (21) connected internally to the post (13) of the ladder frame. Security railing (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the plate is formed with an arcuate and shortened hook shape (41) surrounding the inside of the post (13). The scaffold (27) obtained by implementing the method of claim 8.