DK165133B - ROWS OF POLYMER MATERIAL - Google Patents
ROWS OF POLYMER MATERIAL Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK165133B DK165133B DK734588A DK734588A DK165133B DK 165133 B DK165133 B DK 165133B DK 734588 A DK734588 A DK 734588A DK 734588 A DK734588 A DK 734588A DK 165133 B DK165133 B DK 165133B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- polymer layer
- additives
- friction
- pipe
- pipe according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/12—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement
- F16L9/133—Rigid pipes of plastics with or without reinforcement the walls consisting of two layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/4459—Ducts; Conduits; Hollow tubes for air blown fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
- H02G1/08—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle through tubing or conduit, e.g. rod or draw wire for pushing or pulling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G9/00—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water
- H02G9/06—Installations of electric cables or lines in or on the ground or water in underground tubes or conduits; Tubes or conduits therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Protection Of Pipes Against Damage, Friction, And Corrosion (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DK 165133BDK 165133B
Opfindelsen angår et rør af polymert materiale til optagelse af indtrukne emner, såsom kabler, rør eller lignende emner, hvor røret pa sin inderside er gjort gi idbart.The invention relates to a tube of polymeric material for accommodating retracted blanks, such as cables, tubes or similar blanks, wherein the tube on its inside is made usable.
5 Fra tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 35 39 304 er kendt et formstofrør til optagelse af indtrukne dele, især et kabelbeskyttelsesrør, som har en indre overflade, der i det mindste områdevis er vædet af et glidemiddel. In-dervæggen har ved dette rør en profilering, som det på 10 produktionssiden indførte glidemiddel fastholder i sine profileringsfordybninger. Denne profilering forhindrer, at gi idemidlet aftørres af en glat rørindervæg allerede ved den første kontakt med et rørindtrækningsemne. GI idemidlet består her af en blanding af faste og flydende 15 bestanddele, hvor de faste bestanddele er mikrokugler indlejret i en olieagtig substans. Ulempen ved denne kendte rørudformning ligger deri, at der fremstilles rør med en olieagtig inderbelægning, som kan vanskeliggøre håndteringen. Ved hård behandling af et sådant rør kan 20 dele af gi idemiddellaget desuden falde ud af sit leje mellem profileringerne, således at det ikke kan udelukkes, at i det mindste delområder af den profilerede røroverflade kommer til at være uden giidemiddellag.From German Patent Publication No. 35 39 304, a plastic tube for receiving retracted parts is known, in particular a cable protection tube having an inner surface at least wetted by a lubricant. The inner wall has in this pipe a profiling which the lubricant introduced on the production side retains in its profiling recesses. This profiling prevents the gating agent from being wiped off by a smooth plumbing wall at the first contact with a plumbing blank. The GI agent here consists of a mixture of solid and liquid components, the solid components being microspheres embedded in an oily substance. The disadvantage of this known pipe design lies in the fact that pipes with an oily inner coating are produced which can make handling difficult. In addition, when treated with such a tube, 20 parts of the g of the idler layer may fall out of its bed between the profiles, so that it can not be excluded that at least sub-areas of the profiled pipe surface will be free of gypsum layer.
Det er opfindelsens formål at anvise et sådant rør, 25 hvorved der hverken er fare for tilsmudsning af giidemiddel laget med olieagtige bestanddele eller fare for brud på giidemiddelfilmen ved håndteringen.It is the object of the invention to provide such a tube, wherein there is neither the danger of fouling the lubricant layer with oily constituents nor the danger of breakage of the lubricant film during handling.
Dette formål opnås ved, at røret i den oprindelige formeproces på kendt måde opbygges af to koncentriske 30 polyraerlag, som er af forskellig tykkelse, og at det inderste, tyndere polymerlag er forsynet med en forud fastlagt mængde gnidningsformindskende additiver.This object is achieved in that the tube in the original molding process is constructed in known manner of two concentric polymer layers of different thickness and that the innermost, thinner polymer layer is provided with a predetermined amount of friction reducing additives.
Ifølge opfindelsen elimineres dermed problematikken med glidemiddelpålægning på den inderste, tyndere rørvæg.According to the invention, the problem of lubricant application is thus eliminated on the inner, thinner pipe wall.
35 Fordelen består deri, at der ikke længere findes olieagtige bestanddele pa rørindersidens overflade. Ved fremstillingen af røret ifølge opfindelsen ved koekstrudering kan det tykkere røryderlag endda pa sin inderside have en profiler-The advantage consists in the fact that there are no longer oily components on the surface of the pipe interior. In the manufacture of the pipe according to the invention by coextruding, the thicker pipe liner may even have a profile on its inside.
DK 165133 BDK 165133 B
2 ing, ovenpå hvilken det inderste, med gnidningsformindskende additiver forsynede polymerlag ekstruderes. Dette inderste polymerlag tager da form efter den indvendige profilering på det yderste polymerlag. Røropbygningen 5 ifølge opfindelsen kan også være således, at det yderste polymerlag har en glat indervæg, på hvilken det inderste polymerlag påekstruderes således, at dette inderlag på slutstadiet ligger som profileret belægning på det yderste polymerlags inderside. Inderlaget kan dog også være udført 10 som den glatte indérvægs glatte belægning på det yderste polymerlag.2, on which the innermost polymeric layered additives are extruded. This inner polymer layer then takes shape after the inner profiling of the outer polymer layer. The pipe structure 5 of the invention may also be such that the outer polymer layer has a smooth inner wall on which the inner polymer layer is extruded such that this inner layer at the final stage lies as a profiled coating on the inside of the outer polymer layer. However, the inner layer may also be made 10 as the smooth inner wall smooth coating on the outer polymer layer.
Rørets yderste, tykkere polymerlag kan hensigtsmæssigt bestå af polyethylen, polypropylen eller et lignende polymert materiale. Det inderste, tyndere polymerlag er 15 fortrinsvis fremstillet af en polymer, som har tilnærmelsesvis den samme smeltetemperatur som det yderste polymerlag. På denne måde kan de i koekstrusionsprocessen fremstillede rørlag under fremstillingsprocessen sammensvej'ses med hinanden, da begge polymerlag i deres smeltefase 20 anbringes mod hinanden og derved svejses sammen til et stykke.The outer, thicker polymer layer of the tube may conveniently consist of polyethylene, polypropylene or a similar polymeric material. The innermost, thinner polymer layer is preferably made of a polymer having approximately the same melting temperature as the outer polymer layer. In this way, the pipe layers made in the coextrusion process during the manufacturing process can be welded together as both polymer layers in their melting phase 20 are placed against each other and thereby welded together.
Som gnidningsformindskende additiver kan det inderste, tyndere polymerlag tilsættes additiver såsom molybdændisulfid, grafit, polytetrafluorethylen, silicone 25 og lignende stoffer. Det ligger også indenfor opfindelsens rammer at anvende en kombination af flere sådanne additiver som gnidningsformindskende additiver.As rubbish reducing additives, the innermost, thinner polymer layer can be added to additives such as molybdenum disulfide, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone 25 and the like. It is also within the scope of the invention to use a combination of several such additives as anti-friction additives.
Som blandingsforhold for fremstillingen af det inderste, tyndere polymerlag kan et sådant fremstilles ud 30 fra 70 vægtprocent polymert materiale og 30 vægtprocent additiver. Generelt kan der fortrinsvis anvendes blandingsforhold på 60-95 vægtprocent polymerer og 5-40 vægtprocent additiver.As a mixing ratio for the preparation of the innermost, thinner polymer layer, one may be prepared from 30% by weight of polymeric material and 30% by weight of additives. In general, mixing ratios of 60-95% by weight of polymers and 5-40% by weight of additives can preferably be used.
Det tykkere, yderste polymerlag kan eksempelvis 35 opbygges af en polyethylen af høj densitet, som ifølge DIN 53 735 har et smelteindex (MFI) 190/5 på 0,2 til 0,6 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt pa ca. 135°C. Der kan til fremstillingen af dette lag også anvendes en polyethylenFor example, the thicker outer polymer layer can be constructed of a high density polyethylene which according to DIN 53 735 has a melt index (MFI) 190/5 of 0.2 to 0.6 g / 10 min and a crystallite melting point of approx. 135 ° C. A polyethylene can also be used for the manufacture of this layer
DK 165133 BDK 165133 B
3 af lavere densitet med MFI 190/2,16 af 0,2-0,7 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt på ca. 110°C. Også en polyethy-len af middeldensitet kan her anvendes.3 of lower density with MFI 190 / 2.16 of 0.2-0.7 g / 10 min and a crystallite melting point of approx. 110 ° C. Also, a medium density polyethylene can be used here.
Når det yderste polymerlag fremstilles af polypro-5 pylen, kan der vælges et MFI 230/5 på 0,8-1,6 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt på ca. 165°C. Ved polyethylen af middeldensitet vælges et MFI 190/2,16 på 0,3-0,8 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt på ca. 125°C.When the outer polymer layer is made of polypropylene, an MFI 230/5 of 0.8-1.6 g / 10 min and a crystallite melting point of approx. 165 ° C. For medium density polyethylene, an MFI 190 / 2.16 of 0.3-0.8 g / 10 min and a crystallite melting point of approx. 125 ° C.
Det inderste, tyndere polymerlag kan være af 10 polypropylen med én additivtilsætning på eksempelvis 18% polytetrafluorethylen og 2% silicone. Dette lag har et MFI 200/2,16 på 4-8 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt på ca. 165°C.The innermost thinner polymer layer may be of polypropylene with one additive addition of, for example, 18% polytetrafluoroethylene and 2% silicone. This layer has an MFI 200 / 2.16 of 4-8 g / 10 min and a crystallite melting point of approx. 165 ° C.
Anvendes lavdensitetspolyethylen til inderbelægnin-15 gen, bor en polymer have et MFI 190/2,16 mellem 0,5 og 8 g/10 min. Hvis der til dette inderlag anvendes højden-sitetspolyethylen, har det et MFI 190/5 på 0,5 til 12 g/10 min, fortrinsvis 2-5 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt på ca. 135°C. Ved middeldensitetspolyethylentyper bør 20 anvendes sådanne, hvis MFI på 190 C/2,16 ligger mellem 0,5 og 10 g/10 min, fortrinsvis mellem 2 og 5 g/10 min og et krystallit-smeltepunkt på ca. 125°C.If low density polyethylene is used for the inner coating, a polymer should have an MFI 190 / 2.16 between 0.5 and 8 g / 10 minutes. If high-density polyethylene is used for this inner layer, it has an MFI 190/5 of 0.5 to 12 g / 10 min, preferably 2-5 g / 10 min, and a crystallite melting point of approx. 135 ° C. For medium density polyethylene types, 20 should be used if the MFI of 190 C / 2.16 is between 0.5 and 10 g / 10 min, preferably between 2 and 5 g / 10 min and a crystallite melting point of approx. 125 ° C.
Egnet til fremstilling af det inderste, tyndere polymerlag er også polyamid 12 med en smeltetemperatur på 25 172°C til 180°C og et viskositetstal ifølge DIN 53727 på 180-220 ml/g. Endvidere kan polyamid 11 af en type med et smeltepunkt på 185°C og et viskositetsindex ved 25°C ifølge ISO R 307 på 160-210 anvendes.Also suitable for preparing the innermost, thinner polymer layer are polyamide 12 having a melting temperature of 25 172 ° C to 180 ° C and a viscosity number according to DIN 53727 of 180-220 ml / g. Furthermore, polyamide 11 of a type having a melting point of 185 ° C and a viscosity index at 25 ° C according to ISO R 307 of 160-210 can be used.
Til fremstilling af det inderste, tyndere polymerlag 30 kan også anvendes mekaniske blandinger af forskellige polymerer. Her skal de optimale smelteindexer og smeltepunkter bestemmes og fastlægges gennem forsøg. Det samme gælder for anvendelsen af copolymerer, som ligeledes kan anvendes til fremstilling af det inderste, tyndere polymer-35 lag.For preparing the innermost, thinner polymer layer 30, mechanical mixtures of various polymers may also be used. Here, the optimal melting indices and melting points must be determined and determined through experiments. The same is true for the use of copolymers which can also be used to prepare the innermost, thinner polymer layer.
Funktionen af de gnidningsformindskende additiver kan beskrives saledes, at disse ved friktionen eller gnidningen fjernes fra det grænsefladen bestemmendeThe function of the anti-friction additives can be described as being removed from the interface determining the friction or friction
DK 165133BDK 165133B
4 overfladelag af det inderste, tyndere polymerlag, og opbygger et gildelag på det kabel, rør eller lignende emne, der indtrækkes. Blandingen af disse additiver med polymererne til fremstilling af det inderste, tyndere 5 polymerlag sker i den termoplastiske fase, hvor additiverne under de valgte betingelser ikke smelter, men tilføres som faststof.4 surface layers of the innermost, thinner polymeric layer, and builds a gilding layer on the cable, tube or similar workpiece being retracted. The mixing of these additives with the polymers to prepare the innermost, thinner polymer layer occurs in the thermoplastic phase, where the additives do not melt but are added as a solid under the selected conditions.
Herved sker der ikke en kemisk forbindelse til det polymere materiale. Endvidere er disse additiver på grund 10 af deres uregelmæssige struktur rent mekanisk bundet inde i polymerlaget. Hvis derimod flydende substanser, såsom siliconeolie, anvendes som additiver, da er disse opløst eller dispergeret i polymerer.In this way, no chemical connection is made to the polymeric material. Furthermore, due to their irregular structure, these additives are purely mechanically bonded within the polymer layer. On the other hand, if liquid substances such as silicone oil are used as additives, they are dissolved or dispersed in polymers.
Iblandes additiver såsom grafit eller molybdændisul-15 fid i polymerlaget, da kan der derved forekomme en additivkoncentration på op til 40 vægtprocent. Den laveste vægtandel af additiver, som ved anvendelsen af polytetra-fluorethylen eller silicone kan opnås, bør ikke være mindre end 5 vægtprocent. Ved en kombination af flere 20 additiver som friktions- eller gnidningsformindskende bestanddele i det inderste, tyndere polymerlag kan procentuelle andele anvendes, som ligger mellem de nævnte grænseværdier.Sometimes, with additives such as graphite or molybdenum disulphide in the polymer layer, then an additive concentration of up to 40% by weight can occur. The lowest weight of additives which can be obtained by the use of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone should not be less than 5% by weight. By a combination of more than 20 additives as friction or friction reducing components in the innermost, thinner polymer layer, percentages may be used which lie between said limit values.
Røropbygningen ifølge opfindelsen resulterer i et 25 inderste polymerlag som belægning på indersiden af et tykkere, yderste polymerlag, hvor det inderste polymerlag svarende til kravene er forsynet med en forud fastlagt mængde friktionsformindskende additiver. Lagtykkelse og tilsat additivmængde kan derved afpasses til det speci-30 elle anvendelsesformål. Således er det fordelagtigt ved rør, som igennem deres levetid flere gange udsættes for montering med eksempelvis kabler og lignende emner, at anvende en tykkere inderbelægning med en større andel gnidningsformindskende additiver. Derimod kan rør, som kun 35 udsættes for en enkelt monteringsproces, være forsynet med et tyndt inderlag og en tilsvarende tilpasset additivandel .The tube structure according to the invention results in an inner polymer layer as coating on the inside of a thicker, outer polymer layer, the inner polymer layer corresponding to the requirements being provided with a predetermined amount of friction reducing additives. Layer thickness and added amount of additive can thereby be adapted for the particular application. Thus, it is advantageous to use a thicker inner coating with a greater proportion of anti-friction additives during pipes which, over their lifetime, are subjected to mounting with, for example, cables and similar items. By contrast, pipes which are subjected to a single assembly process only 35 may be provided with a thin inner layer and a correspondingly adapted additive element.
Pa tegningen er skematisk vist et tværsnit gennemThe drawing is a diagrammatic cross-section through
DK 165133BDK 165133B
5 røret 1 ifølge opfindelsen. Røret 1 består af det yderste, tykkere polymerlag 2 og det inderste, tyndere polymerlag 3.5 the tube 1 according to the invention. The tube 1 consists of the outer thicker polymer layer 2 and the inner thinner polymer layer 3.
Det tyndere, inderste polymerlag 3 har i den viste udførelsesform en ribbeagtig struktur 4, hvori additiverne er 5 indlejret. De på tegningen ikke viste kabler, rør og lignende emner, som indføres i rørets 1 lysning 5, glider derved på profileringens 4 spidser og fjerner de gildelaget opbyggende additivbestanddele.The thinner, innermost polymer layer 3 has in the illustrated embodiment a rib-like structure 4 in which the additives 5 are embedded. The cables, pipes and similar items not shown in the drawing, which are introduced into the aperture 5 of the pipe 1, thereby slide on the tips of the profiling 4 and remove the added layer-forming additive components.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3802493 | 1988-01-28 | ||
| DE3802493A DE3802493C1 (en) | 1988-01-28 | 1988-01-28 |
Publications (4)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK734588D0 DK734588D0 (en) | 1988-12-30 |
| DK734588A DK734588A (en) | 1989-07-29 |
| DK165133B true DK165133B (en) | 1992-10-12 |
| DK165133C DK165133C (en) | 1993-03-01 |
Family
ID=6346157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK734588A DK165133C (en) | 1988-01-28 | 1988-12-30 | ROWS OF POLYMER MATERIAL |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0326711B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE106803T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3802493C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK165133C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2056891T3 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI92244C (en) |
| NO (1) | NO176589C (en) |
| PT (1) | PT89555B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2828485B2 (en) * | 1990-04-27 | 1998-11-25 | 大倉工業株式会社 | Method for producing polypropylene-based multilayer stretched film |
| US5658613A (en) * | 1995-01-27 | 1997-08-19 | Technology Licensing Company | Hot melt fluidized cladding of innerduct liner |
| DE19546457C2 (en) * | 1995-12-13 | 1998-09-17 | Schulman A Plastics | Polymeric composition, coextruded film and process for its manufacture |
| FR2760814B1 (en) * | 1997-03-14 | 1999-04-23 | Novotech | EXTENDED TUBULAR PRODUCT, ESPECIALLY OF THE TYPE OF INSTALLATION DUCT |
| DE29706513U1 (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1997-06-19 | Rehau Ag + Co, 95111 Rehau | Pipe made of polymer material |
| DE29713786U1 (en) * | 1997-08-02 | 1997-09-25 | Rehau Ag + Co, 95111 Rehau | Thermoplastic pipe |
| EP0969237A3 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2000-03-01 | Egeplast Werner Strumann GmbH & Co. | Plastic pipe |
| RU2168100C1 (en) * | 1999-12-01 | 2001-05-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт специального машиностроения" | Tube |
| FR2857461B1 (en) * | 2003-07-08 | 2007-10-12 | Acome Soc Coop Production | LOW COEFFICIENT FRICTION MATERIAL AND TUBULAR PRODUCT EXTENDING THE COMPRISING MATERIAL |
| DE202008015520U1 (en) * | 2008-11-22 | 2010-04-22 | Rehau Ag + Co | Plastic pipe |
| DE202010017052U1 (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-04-03 | Rehau Ag + Co. | Pipe or pipe fitting |
| FR2978081A1 (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2013-01-25 | Wavin Bv | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MICRO TUBE |
| DE102019112213A1 (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-11-12 | Norma Germany Gmbh | Fluid line for a cooling water system of electric vehicles, electric vehicle and use of a fluid line |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1629452A1 (en) * | 1966-07-22 | 1971-04-01 | Loeckmann Hans | Novel plastic films |
| US3847728A (en) * | 1972-05-31 | 1974-11-12 | Toyo Seikan Kaisha Ltd | Resinous compositions having improved gas permeation resistance and molded structures thereof |
| DE2752969A1 (en) * | 1977-11-28 | 1979-05-31 | Peter Traub | Two-ply plastics extruded continuous pipe - comprises inner layer of pure polyethylene and outer layer of low-friction polyethylene-paraffin wax |
| DE3539304A1 (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1987-05-07 | Wavin Bv | PLASTIC PIPE FOR RECEIVING |
| DE3830942A1 (en) * | 1988-09-12 | 1990-03-15 | Wavin Bv | PLASTIC PIPE FOR RECEIVING, IN PARTICULAR CABLE PROTECTION PIPE |
-
1988
- 1988-01-28 DE DE3802493A patent/DE3802493C1/de not_active Expired
- 1988-12-28 EP EP88121760A patent/EP0326711B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-28 ES ES88121760T patent/ES2056891T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-28 AT AT88121760T patent/ATE106803T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-30 DK DK734588A patent/DK165133C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1989
- 1989-01-02 NO NO890007A patent/NO176589C/en unknown
- 1989-01-24 FI FI890347A patent/FI92244C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-01-27 PT PT89555A patent/PT89555B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0326711A2 (en) | 1989-08-09 |
| EP0326711B2 (en) | 1997-09-10 |
| ATE106803T1 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
| DK165133C (en) | 1993-03-01 |
| DK734588D0 (en) | 1988-12-30 |
| NO890007L (en) | 1989-07-31 |
| EP0326711A3 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
| NO176589B (en) | 1995-01-16 |
| FI92244B (en) | 1994-06-30 |
| FI890347A0 (en) | 1989-01-24 |
| ES2056891T3 (en) | 1994-10-16 |
| FI92244C (en) | 1994-10-10 |
| EP0326711B1 (en) | 1994-06-08 |
| FI890347L (en) | 1989-07-29 |
| DE3802493C1 (en) | 1989-08-17 |
| PT89555A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
| NO176589C (en) | 1995-04-26 |
| NO890007D0 (en) | 1989-01-02 |
| DK734588A (en) | 1989-07-29 |
| PT89555B (en) | 1994-04-29 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| PBP | Patent lapsed |