DK156163B

DK156163B - PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF A FLEXIBLE PIPE INTO FOR LINING OF PIPES AND CHANNELS

Info

Publication number: DK156163B
Application number: DK224178A
Authority: DK
Inventors: Eric Wood
Original assignee: Insituform Int Inc
Priority date: 1977-12-07
Filing date: 1978-05-19
Publication date: 1989-07-03
Also published as: DK224178A; FI783533A; DK156163C

Description

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Den foreliggende opfindelse angâr en fremgangsmâde ti1 fremstil-ling af et fleksibelt rpr som angivet i krav l's indledning. Med det i det fplgende benyttede udtryk "passage" menés det indre af ledninger, rdr og kanaler, der kan være over- eller underjordiske, samt underjor-5 diske tunneler, gange, kloakledninger, skakter og lignende.The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a flexible rpr as set forth in the preamble of claim 1. By the term "passage" used hereinafter is meant the interior of conduits, pipes and ducts which may be super- or underground, as well as underground tunnels, corridors, sewer lines, shafts and the like.

I US patentskrift nr. 4 009 063 beskrives, at man til beklædning af en passage udformer et r0rformet beklædningsmateriale indeholdende en inderste og uigennemtrængelig membran, et lag af harpiksabsorberende filtmateriale samt en yderste og uigennemtrængelig membran. Filtmateria-10 let imprægneres grundigt med harpiks, og under processen, dvs. f0r har-piksmaterialet har haft tilstrækkelig tid til at hærde, udspiles den rdrformede struktur ved hjælp af et egnet fluidum, sâsom gas eller væ-ske, mod den flade, som skal beklædes, og strukturen holdes i denne position, mens hærdningen foregâr. Nâr harpiksmaterialet er hærdet, danner 15 det en hârd, stiv og selvbærende beklædning, og det udspilende tryk kan fjernes, hvorefter beklædningen forbliver in situ. I US patentskriftet nævnes, at den rprformede beklædning kan indsættes i passagen ved brug af ethvert egnet middel eller udstyr.U.S. Patent No. 4,009,063 discloses that for lining a passageway, a tubular coating material is formed containing an inner and impermeable membrane, a layer of resin absorbent felt material, and an outer and impermeable membrane. The felt material is thoroughly impregnated with resin and during the process, i.e. Before the resin material has had sufficient time to cure, the tubular structure is ejected by a suitable fluid, such as gas or liquid, against the surface to be coated and the structure held in this position while curing is in progress. When the resin material is cured, it forms a hard, rigid and self-supporting coating, and the outward pressure can be removed, leaving the coating in situ. U.S. Patent Specification states that the tubular garment may be inserted into the passageway using any suitable means or equipment.

I US patentskrift nr. 4 064 211 beskrives en speciel fremgangsmâde 20 til indsættelse af en imprægneret og rprformet beklædning, hvormed hând-teringen af denne lettes. Det mâ bemærkes, at nâr en rprformet beklædning indeholdende et harpiksabsorberende filtmateriale befinder sig i den tilstand, hvor fi1tmaterial et er grundigt gennemvædet med harpiks, vil beklædningen være en særdeles tung genstand, specielt hvis den er af 25 stor længde, eksempelvis af stprrelsesordenen to eller tre hundrede me- ter. I ovennævnte US patentskrift beskrives, at den rdrformede beklædning kan indsættes ved at forankre den ene ende heraf, og ved at krænge beklædningen ind i passagen under brug af en væske. Denne væske udfprer to funktioner, idet den udspiler den udkrængede beklædning mod 30 den passage, som skal beklædes, og fastholder beklædningen i denne tilstand. For det andet er væskens massefylde afpasset sâledes til materia-lerne og harpiksmaterialet i beklædningen, at den del heraf, som passe-rer gennem den allerede udkrængede del, understpttes flydende pâ væsken, hvorved det sikres, at den tunge beklædning ikke, nâr den passerer ind i 35 den allerede udkrængede del af beklædningen, vil medtrække den allerede udkrængede del som f0lge af friktion. I denne forbindelse er det ogsâ muligt at inkludere et smpremiddel, sâsom sæbe, i væsken for at fremme den imprægnerede beklædnings glidning ind i passagen.U.S. Patent No. 4,064,211 discloses a special method 20 for inserting an impregnated and shaped tube to facilitate its handling. It should be noted that when a reshaped covering containing a resin absorbent felt material is in the state where the resin material is thoroughly soaked with resin, the covering will be a very heavy object, especially if it is of great length, for example of the order of two or two. three hundred meters. The aforementioned US patent discloses that the tubular cladding can be inserted by anchoring one end thereof and by penetrating the cladding into the passage using a liquid. This liquid performs two functions in that it exerts the penetrated casing against the passage to be clad, and retains the garment in this state. Second, the density of the liquid is so adapted to the materials and resin material of the lining that the portion thereof which passes through the already penetrated portion is fluidly supported on the liquid, thereby ensuring that the heavy lining does not pass as it passes. into the already penetrated part of the garment, will include the already penetrated part as a result of friction. In this connection, it is also possible to include an adhesive, such as soap, in the liquid to promote the sliding of the impregnated garment into the passage.

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22

Den hidtil benyttede praksis i forbindelse med fremstilling af be-klædninger af den ovenfor nævnte type gâr ud pâ at udforme et separat r0r af det harpiksabsorberende materiale samt et separat rpr af det ui-gennemtrængelige membranmateriale. Denne praksis har imidlertid fort til 5 problemer af flere ârsager.The practice so far used in the manufacture of coatings of the above-mentioned type is to form a separate tube of the resin-absorbent material as well as a separate tube of the impervious membrane material. However, this practice has led to 5 problems for several reasons.

For det fprste er det selvsagt en vanskelig procedure at îndsætte et meget langt rpr i et andet langt rpr, og da den ovenfor kort omtalte udkrængningsteknik benyttes i de fleste tilfælde, er det npdvendigt, at det harpiksabsorberende materiale anbringes inden i den separate mem-10 bran, hvilket selvsagt er vanskeligere end at îndsætte en let fleksibel membran i det tungere, tykkere og mindre fleksible harpiksabsorberende materiale.First, it is of course a difficult procedure to insert a very long rpr into another long rpr, and since the above-mentioned extrusion technique is used in most cases, it is necessary that the resin absorbent material be placed within the separate mem-10. bran, which is of course more difficult than inserting a slightly flexible membrane into the heavier, thicker and less flexible resin absorbent material.

For det andet er der, da der i praksis er bTevet benyttet separate rpr til udformning af beklædningen, mulighed for, at der kan dannes 15 luftlommer mellem de to rpr, nemlig det harpiksabsorberende materiale og membranen, ogsâ selv om det harpiksabsorberende materiale er gennemvædet med den hærdbare harpiks, og tilstedeværelsen af sâdanne luftlommer kan skabe problemer, nâr den ovenfor omtalte udkrængningsteknik benyttes.Secondly, since in practice, separate rprs have been used to form the cladding, it is possible for 15 air pockets to be formed between the two rprs, namely the resin absorbent material and the membrane, even though the resin absorbent material is soaked with the curable resin, and the presence of such air pockets can create problems when using the above-mentioned intrusion technique.

Anvendelse af specielle materialer til specielle absorberende har-20 piksmaterialer og membraner giver anledning til særlige problemer. Nâr en foring eller beklædning installeres ved brug af et polyester-harpiks-imprægneret filtmateriale og en separat udspilingsmembran af poly-urethanfilmen med betegnelsen "Tuftane", der har gode styrkeegenskaber og er tilstrækkelig elastisk til at optage den·strækntng, som er npdven-25 dig i foringen, for at denne kan tilpasse sig efter de tværsnitsvaria-tioner, som normalt optræder, vil der ske en nedbrydning af "Tuftane"-polyurethanfilmen - ligesom elastomere materialer, der har været forspgt anvendt - nâr filmen udsættes for styren i polyesterharpîksen, og denne nedbrydning vil ske i en sâdan udstrækning, at filmen ikke kan gen-30 bruges, da den ikke binder til filtmaterialet, og filmen mâ udtages efter hver installeringsoperation og kasseres. Da denne films pris er hpj, har dette resulteret i et meget afgprende omkostningshensyn.The use of special materials for special absorbent resin materials and membranes gives rise to particular problems. When a liner or lining is installed using a polyester resin-impregnated felt material and a separate roll-out membrane of the polyurethane film designated "Tuftane" which has good strength properties and is sufficiently elastic to absorb the stretch which is nd you in the liner so that it can adapt to the cross-sectional variations that normally occur, the "Tuftane" polyurethane film will break down - just as elastomeric materials that have been predicted are used when the film is exposed to styrene in the polyester resin, and this degradation will occur to such an extent that the film cannot be reused as it does not bind to the felt material and the film must be removed after each installation operation and discarded. As this film's price is hpj, this has resulted in a very farcical cost consideration.

Med de foringer eller beklædninger, som benyttes i produktion, er det endelig npdvendigt at danne separate spmme i membranen og det har-35 piksabsorberende materiale.Finally, with the linings or linings used in production, it is necessary to form separate springs in the membrane and resin absorbent material.

Pâ baggrund af ovennævnte problemer er det den foreliggende opfin-delses formâl at tilvejebringe en fremgangsmâde til fremstilling af et beklaedningsmateriale, der er velegnet til brug i forbindelse med de o-In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a process for the manufacture of a coating material suitable for use in connection with the o.

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3 venfor skitserede metoder, og soin især er velegnet til brug i forbin-delse med den ovenfor skitserede udkrængningsmetode, og hvori frembrin-gelse af luftlommer vil være i det væsentlige elimineret.3 are outlined methods, and so are particularly suitable for use in connection with the above-described invasion method, in which the generation of air pockets will be substantially eliminated.

Fremgangsmâden ifdlge opfindelsen er ejendommelig ved det i den 5 kendetegnende del af krav 1 angivne. If0lge opfindelsen belægges det harpiksabsorberende materiale med en letflydende forbindelse, der binder til overfladen af det harpiksabsorberende materiale og hærder til dan-ne!se af en fluidumimpermeabel membran. Belægningen kan pâfpres ved brug af en eller flere af fplgende metoder: kalandrering, pâspr0jtning, dyp-10 ning, pâmaling, og belægningen kan pâf0res i flere lag for at opbygge en membran af den fornpdne tykkelse.The method according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing part of claim 1. According to the invention, the resin absorbent material is coated with a light-flowing compound which binds to the surface of the resin absorbent material and cures to form a fluid impermeable membrane. The coating can be pressed using one or more of the following methods: calendering, spraying, dipping, painting, and the coating can be applied in several layers to build a membrane of the aforementioned thickness.

I en foretrukken udfprelsesform formes det harpiksabsorberende materiale til et r0r, og dettes yderside belægges med belægningsmaterialet til dannelse af membranen herpâ.In a preferred embodiment, the resin absorbent material is formed into a tube and its outer surface is coated with the coating material to form the membrane thereon.

15 Hvis det harpiksabsorberende materiale, som det foretrækkes, er et filtmateriale, sâsom nâlefilt, kan materialet formes til et rpr ved vik-1 ing omkring en dorn og ved sammenfdjning af de overlappende dele, og mens rpret fpres fra dornen, kàn det belægges med belægningsmaterialet til dannelse af membranen. Hvis der skal pâlægges flere belægningslag, 20 kan der arrangeres flere pàfdringsstationer i rækkefdlge. Efter pâfdrin-gen af belægningsmateriale eller hvert lag af belægningsmateriale kan dette udsættes for en varmebehandling for at fremkalde hærdning.If the resin absorbent material it prefers is a felt material such as needle felt, the material may be formed into a ridge by wrapping around a mandrel and by joining the overlapping portions and while rubbing it from the mandrel, it may be coated with the coating material to form the membrane. If multiple coating layers are to be applied, 20 additional feeding stations can be arranged in order. After the application of coating material or each layer of coating material, this may be subjected to a heat treatment to induce curing.

Ved at pâfore belægningsmaterialet i væskeform undgâr man spmme i forings- eller beklædningsmaterialets membran i de tilfælde, hvor det 25 absorberende materiale pâ forhând er udformet til et rpr. Nâr det absor-berende materiale er plant, og belægningen pâfpres i denne tilstand, er det nddvendigt at benytte en enkelt spm, der sammenfdjer det absorberende materiale og membranen til dannelse af et rprformet absorberende lag belagt med et rorformet membran!ag, men under aile omstændigheder er mu-30 ligheden for dannelse af luftlommer mellem membranen og filtmaterialet reduceret eller helt elimineret pâ grund af, at belægningsmaterialet pâ-f0res i tyndtflydende form.By applying the coating material in liquid form, it avoids stress in the membrane of the lining or lining material in cases where the absorbent material is previously formed into a rpr. When the absorbent material is flat and the coating is pressed in this state, it is necessary to use a single spun which joins the absorbent material and the membrane to form a tubular absorbent layer coated with a tubular membrane, but below all In circumstances, the possibility of forming air pockets between the membrane and the felt material is reduced or completely eliminated due to the coating material being applied in a thin liquid form.

I et foretrukket arrangement bringes et r0r af harpiksabsorberende materiale til at passere ned gennem en cirkulær pâfpringsenhed eller ap-35 plikator, som danner en brpnd eller et réservoir, hvori der indeholdes en vis mængde af belægningsmaterialet, sâledes at den udvendige overfla-de af det absorberende rprmateriale stryger mod belægningsmaterialet i reservoiret og derved danner et lag pâ det nedad bevægende absorberendeIn a preferred arrangement, a tube of resin absorbent material is passed down through a circular sealing device or applicator forming a well or reservoir containing a certain amount of the coating material so as to externally surface the absorbent rip material sticks to the coating material in the reservoir, thereby forming a layer on the downwardly absorbing absorbent

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4 materiale.4 material.

I et andet eksempel pâfprer et sprpjtehovede belægningsmaterialet pâ overlappende lag af filtmateriale, der er sammenfpjet til dannelse af en rdrformet struktur, og dette sprpjtehovede bringes til at rotere 5 rundt om den aksialt bevægede rprformede struktur.In another example, a spray-headed coating material prints on overlapping layers of felt material joined together to form a tubular structure, and this spray head is rotated about the axially movable tubular structure.

I et andet arrangement udformes filtmaterialet til en rprformet struktur ved, at materialet fpres ind pâ en roterende dorn under en vin-kel, sâledes at vindingerne af filtmaterialet overlapper hinanden, og ved overlapningerne sammenbindes eller sammensys vindingerne og derefter 10 pâfpres belægningsmaterialet pâ ydersiden af den sâledes dannede rdrfor-mede struktur af filtmateriale ved hjælp af en af ovennævnte metoder, og mens det dannede og belagte beklædningsmateriale kommer fri af dornens ende, aflægges det i en roterende beholder for at neutralîsere den sno-niiig, som materialet ville blive udsat for som fplge af rotation sammen 15 med dornen.In another arrangement, the felt material is formed into a shaped structure by the material being pressed into a rotating mandrel during an angle, such that the windings of the felt material overlap, and in the overlaps the windings are joined together or joined together and then the coating material on the outside of the thus, the red-shaped structure of felt material is formed by one of the above methods, and while the formed and coated cladding material is released from the end of the mandrel, it is deposited in a rotating container to neutralize the snow to which the material would be exposed. due to rotation together with the mandrel.

Som en anden mulighed kan filtrpret simpelthen neddyppes i et bad af belægningsmaterialet og derefter optages herfra, sâledes at filtrpret optager et lag pâ det absorberende materiales yderside.As another option, filter prints can simply be immersed in a bath of the coating material and then absorbed therefrom, so that filter prints take up a layer on the outside of the absorbent material.

I aile tilfælde vil det absorberende materiale derefter kunne im-20 prægneres med harpiksmateriale til dannelse af den endelige passagefo-ring ved at injicere en vis mængde harpiks i foringens indre og ved at indarbejde harpiksmaterialet hen langs rprets længde, eksempelvis ved brug af klemvalser.In all cases, the absorbent material may then be impregnated with resin material to form the final passageway by injecting a certain amount of resin into the interior of the liner and by incorporating the resin material along the length of the rope, for example by using clamping rollers.

I det fplgende skal opfindelsen forklares nærmere under henvisning 25 til den skematiske tegning, hvor fig. 1 illustrerer, hvorledes en rprformet struktur kan udformes ud fra en plan bane af harpiksabsorberende materiale, fig. 2 illustrerer en fprste metode, hvormed den rprformede struk-30 tur if0lge fig. 1 kan belægges ved dypning, fig. 3 illustrerer en anden metode til kontinuerlig fremstilling af en rprformet struktur af harpiksabsorberende materiale samt til be-lægning heraf, fig. 4 endnu en metode til belægning af en rprformet struktur af 35 harpiksabsorberende materiale, fig. 5 illustrerer endnu en metode til fremstilling af en rprfor-met struktur af harpiksabsorberende materiale ud fra en materialebane, og hvor der ogsâ vises, hvorledes den dannede rdrformede struktur belæg-In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the schematic drawing, in which fig. 1 illustrates how a tubular structure can be formed from a planar web of resin absorbent material; FIG. 2 illustrates a first method by which the tubular structure of FIG. 1 can be coated by dipping; FIG. Figure 3 illustrates another method for continuous fabrication of a resin-shaped structure of resin absorbent material and for coating it; 4 shows another method for coating a tubular structure of 35 resin absorbent material; FIG. 5 illustrates yet another method for producing a reshaped structure of resin absorbent material from a web of material and also showing how the formed tubular structure is formed.

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5 g es, fig. 6 er en illustration til forklaring af den i fig. 5 illustre-rede metode, fig. 7 er et sidebillede visende en anden metode til pâf0ring af 5 belægningsmateriale pâ en flad bane af harpiksabsorberende materiale, fig. 8 er et forstprret snitbillede visende et filtmateriale med en belægning pâfprt herpâ, og figurerne 9 og 10 er respektive illustrationer af to fremgangsmâ-der til indsætning af forings- eller beklædningsmaterialet i en passage.5 g es, fig. 6 is an illustration for explaining the embodiment of FIG. 5 illustrated, FIG. 7 is a side view showing another method of applying coating material to a flat web of resin absorbent material; FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view showing a felt material with a print on it, and Figures 9 and 10 are respective illustrations of two methods of inserting the lining or lining material into a passage.

1010

Der henvises fprst til fig. 8, som viser et harpiksabsorberende filtmateriale 10, som er pâfprt en belægning 16 i væskeform, idet denne belægning er af et materiale, som hærder og derved bindes til filtmate-rialeoverfladen, mens filtmaterialet forbliver frit og kan absorbere en 15 hærdbar harpiks med henblik pâ den efterfplgende anbringelse af materiale pâ en flade, der skal beklædes, som det vil blive forklaret senere.Referring first to FIG. 8, which shows a resin absorbent felt material 10 applied to a liquid 16 coating, this coating being of a material which cures and thereby binds to the felt material surface while the felt material remains free and can absorb a curable resin for the purpose of the subsequent application of material to a surface to be coated, as will be explained later.

Opfindelsen vedrprer fremstilling af materialer som det i fig. 8 illustrerede, og to eksempler pâ, hvorledes rprformede foringer kan in-stalleres, gives i det fplgende.The invention relates to the manufacture of materials such as that of FIG. 8 are illustrated, and two examples of how well-formed bushings can be installed are given below.

20 I det i fig. 7 illustrerede arrangement pâfdres belægningsmateria- let pâ en plan filtbane 10 ved hjælp af en kalandervalse antydet ved 12.20 In the embodiment of FIG. 7 illustrates the coating material is sprayed onto a flat felt web 10 by means of a calender roller indicated at 12.

Kalandervalsen 12 er indrettet til at pàf0res belægningsmaterialet i væskeform fra et bad 14, sâledes at der dan nés en tynd film 16 pâ den af filtbanens sider, hvor kalandervalsen 12 befinder sig. Belægningen pâf0-25 res under vanne og tryk, sâledes at der dannes et sammensat materiale som det i fig. 8 illustrerede. Ved brug af kalandervalsen 12 i dette ek-sempel fâr den resulterende film 16 en glat pverste flade. For at omdan-ne et materiale fremstillet i overensstemmelse med eksemplet i fig. 7 til et rprformet forings- eller beklædningsmateriale er det npdvendigt, 30 at de langsgâende frie kanter bringes til at overlappe. De overlappende kanter kan limes, sys, varmeforsegles eller sammenfpjes pâ anden mâde, og sammenfdjningen kan overdækkes ved hjælp af en strimmel af et materiale i lighed med materialet i membranen 16.The calender roll 12 is arranged to apply the coating material in liquid form from a bath 14, so that a thin film 16 is formed on that of the sides of the felt web where the calender roll 12 is located. The coating is applied under water and pressure to form a composite material like the one shown in FIG. 8 illustrated. Using the calender roll 12 in this example, the resulting film 16 has a smooth pervious surface. In order to convert a material prepared in accordance with the example of FIG. 7 for a tubular lining or cladding material, it is necessary that the longitudinal free edges be overlapped. The overlapping edges can be glued, stitched, heat-sealed or otherwise bonded, and the joint can be covered by a strip of a material similar to the material of the membrane 16.

Nâr materialet sâledes er omdannet til et rer, imprægneres filtma-35 terialet 10 grundigt med en hærdbar harpiks i en sâdan grad, at filtmaterialet bliver fuldstændigt indlejret i harpiksen, og mens denne endnu er vâd, dvs. fpr den hærder, bringes foringen pâ plads i den passage, som skal beklædes, idet membranen 16 tjener som et middel, hvormed denWhen the material is thus transformed into a tube, the felt material 10 is thoroughly impregnated with a curable resin to such an extent that the felt material is completely embedded in the resin and, while still wet, ie. before curing, the liner is brought into place in the passage to be coated, the membrane 16 serving as a means by which

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6 r0rformede foring kan udspiles ved brug af gas eller væske til kontakt med den flade, sont skal beklædes.6 tubular linings can be played out using gas or liquid to contact the surface that is to be coated.

Figurerne 9 og 10 viser, hvorledes gennemvædede forings- eller be-klædningsmaterialer fremstillet som beskrevet ovenfor kan anbringes pâ 5 passageflader til dannelse af passageforinger. I det i fig. 9 viste arrangement er den r0rformede foring vist midlertidigt lukket, i det mind-ste ved den ene ende 20, og den r0rformede foring er udspilet ved hjælp af gas under tryk, sâledes at foringen tvinges an mod passagefladen som antydet ved pile 22. Foringen formgives pâ denne mâde, mens filtmateria-10 let 10 er imprægneret med harpiks som beskrevet ovenfor, og foringen holdes i denne position i kontakt med passagen, indtil harpiksen hærder, hvorefter det af gassen ud0vede tryk kan fjernes, og den rprformede forings ender kan renskæres. Nâr harpiksen hærder, bliver foringen til en fritstâende in situ beklædning, hvori membranen 16 danner en glat inder-15 side, og filtmaterialet giver slagstyrke for foringen som helhed.Figures 9 and 10 show how soaked lining or lining materials prepared as described above can be applied to 5 passageways to form passageways. In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the tubular liner is shown to be temporarily closed, at least at one end 20, and the tubular liner is spouted out by gas under pressure to force the liner against the passage surface as indicated by arrows 22. The liner is shaped in this way, while the felt material 10 is impregnated with resin as described above and the liner is kept in contact with the passage until the resin cures, after which the pressure exerted by the gas can be removed and the ends of the shaped liner can be cleaned. As the resin hardens, the liner turns into a freestanding in situ lining wherein the membrane 16 forms a smooth inner side and the felt material provides impact resistance to the liner as a whole.

I det i fig. 10 viste arrangement opnâs det samme résultat, dog med den undtagelse, at den rerformede foring i dette tilfælde krænges ind i passagen som vist ved at forankre den ene ende af foringen og ved at fylde den indkrængede del af foringen med væske, som flydende under-20 stptter den tunge harpiksimprægnerede foring, mens denne passerer langs indersiden af den allerede udkrængede del af foringen. I denne forbin-delse er den valgte væske afpasset efter massefylden for foringen med harpiks, sâledes at den endnu indkrængede del af foringen oppebæres flydende og uden kontakt med den allerede udkrængede del af rpret. Dette er 25 vigtigt, da foringer fremstillet ved fremgangsmâden ifplge opfindelsen er meget tunge og vanskelige at hândtere, nâr de er imprægnerede med harpiks, og hvis der ikke fandtes en flydende underst0tning af foringen ved hjælp af væske, ville det være umuligt at indsætte harpiksimprægnerede foringer af den fornpdne længde, eksempelvis af stdrrelsesordenen 30 to eller trehundrede meter.In the embodiment of FIG. 10, the same result is obtained, with the exception that in this case the tubular liner is forced into the passageway as shown by anchoring one end of the liner and filling the penetrated portion of the liner with liquid as liquid underneath. 20, the heavy resin impregnated liner suppresses as it passes along the inside of the already extruded portion of the liner. In this connection, the liquid selected is adapted to the density of the liner with resin, so that the still penetrated portion of the liner is carried fluidly and without contact with the already penetrated portion of the liner. This is important as linings made by the process of the invention are very heavy and difficult to handle when resin impregnated and if liquid support of the lining was not found by liquid, it would be impossible to insert resin impregnated liners of the ancient length, for example of the order of 30 two or three hundred meters.

I visse tilfælde er det muligt at imprægnere det harpiksabsorbe-rende materiale 10 med harpiks, mens matériel et udkrænges indvendigt i passagen, men det er dog alligevel hensigtsmæssigt at indsætte foringen under brug af en væske som beskrevet ovenfor.In some cases, it is possible to impregnate the resin absorbent material 10 with resin while material is penetrated internally into the passage, but it is nevertheless convenient to insert the liner using a liquid as described above.

35 Flere andre arrangementer tager i hovedsagen sigte pâ at fremstil- le det samme materiale som illustreret i detaljer i fig. 8 til anvendel-ser i det væsentlige som illustreret i fig. 9 og 10, og sâdanne arrangementer er illustreret i fig. 1-6.35 Several other arrangements are mainly intended to produce the same material as illustrated in detail in FIG. 8 for applications substantially as illustrated in FIG. 9 and 10, and such arrangements are illustrated in FIG. 1-6.

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7 I fig. 1 vises, hvorledes en flade bane 30 af filtmateriale kan formes til en r0rformet struktur 32 ved at bringe de længste banekanter til at overlappe som antydet ved 34, og disse kanter sammenf0jes ved hjælp af et apparat 36. I fig. 2 vises, hvorledes den rprformede struk-5 tur 32, der er udformet som illustreret i fig. 1, belægges med et belæg-ningsmiddel 38 ved dypning i et bad af dette middel og ved lodret op-trækning herfra som vist i fig. 2. Straks efter at den belagte rprforme-de struktur 32 forlader badet 38, fpres strukturen ind i et opvarmnings-apparat 40, der tjener til at hærde belægningsmaterialet, sàledes at der 10 dannes en membran til udspilning af den rdrformede struktur under dennes installering som foring.7 In FIG. 1 shows how a flat web 30 of felt material can be formed into a tubular structure 32 by causing the longest web edges to overlap as indicated by 34, and these edges are joined together by an apparatus 36. In FIG. 2 shows how the shaped structure 32 formed as illustrated in FIG. 1, is coated with a coating agent 38 by dipping into a bath of this agent and by vertical drawing thereof as shown in FIG. 2. Immediately after the coated tubular structure 32 leaves the bath 38, the structure is pressed into a heater 40 which serves to cure the coating material so that a membrane is formed to play out the tubular structure during its installation as lining.

I arrangementet ifplge fig. 3 bliver en rulle af filt 42 rullet ud og viklet rund om en dorn 44, sàledes at vindingerne af filtmateriale overlapper hinanden som vist, og de overlappende viklinger sammenfpjet 15 ved hjælp af et apparat 46, der kan forbinde vindingerne ved hjælp af sting, sammensmeltning eller klæbemiddel. De forbundne vindinger danner derfor en rprformet struktur af harpiksabsorberende filt, der bevæger sig i retning af pilen 48 i fig. 3 under samtidig rotation, og den rpr-formede struktur passerer forbi et sprpjtehovede 50, hvorfra der ud-20 sprdjtes et belægningsmateriale til den endelige dannelse af laminatet.In the arrangement according to FIG. 3, a roll of felt 42 is rolled out and wound round a mandrel 44 so that the windings of felt material overlap as shown, and the overlapping windings intertwined 15 by means of an apparatus 46 capable of connecting the windings by stitching, fusion or adhesive. The associated windings therefore form a tubular structure of resin absorbent felt which moves in the direction of arrow 48 in FIG. 3 during simultaneous rotation, and the rip-shaped structure passes past a spray head 50, from which a coating material is sprayed for the final formation of the laminate.

Skont det ikke er vist, passerer den sàledes belagte rprformede struktur gennem et varmeapparat, der hærder belægningsmaterialet, og derefter lægges det fremstillede rdrformede forings- eller beklædningsmateriale i en roterende beholder, eksempelvis beholderen 52, sàledes at der tages 25 hensyn til den snoning, som den rprformede foring har været udsat for pâ grund af en rotation af filtmateriale pâ dornen 44.Although not shown, the thus-shaped tubular structure passes through a heater curing the coating material, and then the manufactured tubular lining or lining material is placed in a rotating container, such as the container 52, so as to take into account the twist which the tubular liner has been exposed due to a rotation of felt material on the mandrel 44.

I det i fig. 4 viste arrangement bringes filtrpret 52 til at bevæ-ge sig opad i retning af pilen 54 i fig. 4 og gennem en keglestubformet brpnd 56, der indeholder en vis mængde 58 af belægningsmidlet, sàledes 30 at det opadbevægende filtrpr 52 opsamler et lag 60 af belægningsmateriale pâ ydersiden, f0r filtrpret passerer gennem varmeapparatet 62 for at hærde materialelaget 60. En hovedtank til opretholdelse af overfladeni-veauet for belægningsmaterialet i brdnden eller reservoiret 56 er antydet ved 64 i fig. 4. I en modifikation af dette arrangement bevæger 35 filtrpret sig nedad.In the embodiment of FIG. 4, filter fun 52 is made to move upward in the direction of arrow 54 in FIG. 4 and through a cone-shaped well 56 containing a certain amount 58 of the coating agent 30 such that the upwardly moving filter sample 52 collects a layer 60 of coating material on the outside before filter prong passes through the heater 62 to cure the material layer 60. A main tank for maintaining the surface level of the coating material in the well or reservoir 56 is indicated at 64 in FIG. 4. In a modification of this arrangement, 35 filter ripples move downward.

I figurerne 5 og 6 illustreres et arrangement, hvor en rulle af filtmateriale svinges omkring en dorn 68, og samtidig aftages den sâle-des dannede rprformede struktur af filt aksialt fra dornen 68 som anty-Figures 5 and 6 illustrate an arrangement in which a roll of felt material is pivoted about a mandrel 68, and at the same time, the thus formed rip-shaped structure of felt is axially removed from the mandrel 68 as the

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8 det ved pilen 70 i fig. 5, og samtîdigt hermed pâsprdjter et sprdjteho-vede 72 belægningsmateriale pâ den dannede rprformede strukturs ydersi-de, idet sprpjtehovedet roteres omkring dornen 68 som antydet ved pilen 74 i fig. 5. Skpnt ikke vist i figurerne 5 og 6 vil der ogsâ her være et 5 varmeapparat til hærdning af belægningsmaterialet.8 shows the arrow 70 in FIG. 5, and at the same time sprays a spray head 72 coating material on the outside of the formed tubular structure, rotating the spray head around the mandrel 68 as indicated by arrow 74 in FIG. 5. Although not shown in Figures 5 and 6, there will also be a heater for curing the coating material.

I samtlige ovenfor beskrevne processer kan belægningsoperationen gentages for at opbygge tykkere lag af belægningsmateriale, eller der kan i den pâgældende procès indgâ. flere belægningstrin, ogsâ for at opnâ en pnsket tykkelse for belægningsmaterialet.In all the processes described above, the coating operation can be repeated to build thicker layers of coating material, or may be included in the process in question. several coating steps, also to obtain a desired thickness for the coating material.

10 Samtlige rdrformede forings- eller beklædningsmaterialer fremstil- let ved de i figurerne 1-6 illustrerede metoder er udelukkende til brug i forbindelse med en installationsmetode med krængning som illustreret i fig. 10, og normalt vil harpiksmaterialet blive tilsat ved injektion i det indre af foringen og ved at fore denne mellem klemvalser for at si k-15 re en ensartet fordeling af harpiksmaterialet, f0r foringen krænges. I visse tilfælde kan det være muligt at imprægnere filtmaterialet under krængningen og i passagen, men en foring fremstillet i overensstemmelse med metoderne if0lge figurerne 1-6 er mest velegnet til installation ved brug af krængningsteknikken.10 All tubular lining or cladding materials prepared by the methods illustrated in Figures 1-6 are for use solely in connection with an installation method of heeling as illustrated in Figs. 10, and usually the resin material will be added by injection into the interior of the liner and by passing it between clamping rollers to ensure a uniform distribution of the resin material before the liner is rolled. In some cases, it may be possible to impregnate the felt material during the heel and in the passage, but a liner made in accordance with the methods of Figures 1-6 is most suitable for installation using the heel technique.

20 Afhængigt af den retning, hvori materialet ifplge fig. 7 er foldet sammen, vil materialet være tilpasset efter installationsmetoden med krængning som vist i fig. 10 eller til den direkte udspilning som vist i fig. 9.20 Depending on the direction in which the material according to FIG. 7 is folded together, the material will be adapted to the installation method of heeling as shown in FIG. 10 or for the direct playback as shown in FIG. 9th

Relationen mellem belægningsmaterialet og det harpiksabsorberende 25 materiale, som benyttes, ma være sâledes, at belægningsmaterialet binder i væsentlig grad til overfladen af det harpiksabsorberende materiale u-den at trænge for dybt ind i dette, hvilket kunne skade materialets evne til at absorbere harpiks. Desuden mâ belægningsmaterialet vælges sâledes, at det ikke reagerer kemisk og ugunstigt med harpiksmaterialet, nâr 30 dette tilsættes.The relationship between the coating material and the resin absorbent material used must be such that the coating material binds substantially to the surface of the resin absorbent material without penetrating too deeply into it, which could impair the ability of the material to absorb resin. In addition, the coating material must be selected so that it does not react chemically and adversely with the resin material when added.

Generelt er det mest velegnede harpiksabsorberende materiale i forbindelse med fremgangsmâden if0lge opfindelsen et fi1tmateriale med syntetiske fibre, og det foretrækkes, at filtmaterialet er polyurethan-filt eller polyesterfilt.In general, the most suitable resin absorbent material in connection with the process of the invention is a synthetic fiber adhesive material, and it is preferred that the felt material be polyurethane felt or polyester felt.

35 Filtmaterialerne kan være fremstillet ved at lægge tyndere lag o- ven pâ hinanden og ved at sy lagene sammen.35 The felt materials can be made by laying thinner layers on top of each other and by sewing the layers together.

Hvad angâr belægningsmaterialerne, har det vist sig, at det poly-urethanbelægningsmateriale, som kendes under betegnelsen "Tuftane”, erWith regard to the coating materials, it has been found that the polyurethane coating material known as "Tuftane" is

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9 særdeles velegnet.9 very suitable.

I et specielt arrangement er det harpiksabsorberende materiale et polyesterfiltmateriale, og harpiksmaterialet er en polyesterharpiks. Filtmaterialet spger at stabilisere polyurethanen dimensionsmæssigt, og 5 polyurethanen forbliver en de! af den installerede passageforing. Pâf0-ring af polyurethan som en belægning bidrager ogsà til en eliminering af den sâkaldte pinhole effekt, der undertiden optræder, antageligevis for-di polyesterfibrene fastholder fugt, der giver anledning til damp under harpiksmaterialets eksoterme hærdning. Denne effekt elimineres antage-10 ligvis ogsâ ved brug af polypropylenfibre, der har langt mindre perme-abîlitet end polyester, og brug af polypropylenfilt foretrækkes derfor.In a particular arrangement, the resin absorbent material is a polyester felt material and the resin material is a polyester resin. The felt material speaks to stabilize the polyurethane dimensionally and the polyurethane remains one de! of the installed passage lining. The application of polyurethane as a coating also contributes to the elimination of the so-called pinhole effect which sometimes occurs, presumably because the polyester fibers retain moisture which gives rise to steam during the exothermic curing of the resin material. This effect is also presumably eliminated by the use of polypropylene fibers having far less permeability than polyester, and the use of polypropylene felt is therefore preferred.

En anden fordel ved belægningen i sammenligning med kendte arran-gementer med separate rpr opstâr, nâr lange passageforinger installeres ved krængning. En polyurethannedbrydning viser sig som en opsvulmning i 15 materialet, og nâr der er taie om en fri membran, bliver denne længere end selve det absorberende materiale, og under en krængning kan en sâdan fri membran danne rynker og derved give anledning til harpiksrynker pâ passageforingens overflade.Another advantage of the coating compared to known arrangements with separate rprs occurs when long passageways are installed at heel. A polyurethane breakage appears as a swelling in the material, and when there is a tight membrane, it becomes longer than the absorbent material itself, and during a roll, such a free membrane can form wrinkles, thereby giving rise to resin wrinkles on the surface of the passage liner. .

En yderligere fordel ved belægningsmaterialet er den betragtelige 20 fordgelse af materialestyrken, der muliggpr brug af hpjere vand- eller væsketryk under installationen ved krængning, og dette bidrager til en forpgelse af den længde forings- eller beklædningsmateriale, som kan bringes pâ plads i en operation.A further advantage of the coating material is the considerable increase in the material strength which allows the use of higher water or liquid pressure during the installation during rolling, and this contributes to an overgrowth of the length of the lining or cladding material which can be put in place in an operation.

I korte træk bevirker det belagte materiale en væsentlig reduktion 25 af de samlede materialeomkostninger under en samtidig forbedring af styrken, og det er kun enderne, som mâ fjernes, sâledes at materiale-spildet er mindst muligt.Briefly, the coated material significantly reduces the total material cost while simultaneously improving the strength, and it is only the ends that must be removed so that the material waste is minimized.

Belægningsmaterialets tykkelse vil afhænge af anvendelsen, men kan eksempelvis ligge i intervallet fra 0,2 til 1,3 mm.The thickness of the coating material will depend on the application, but may, for example, range from 0.2 to 1.3 mm.

3030

Claims

A process for producing a flexible rope comprising a layer of resin absorbent fibrous material and a substantially fluid-impervious membrane and intended for lining rpr and channels, characterized in that a resin absorbent sheet or web material is coated with a thin-liquid mixture which adheres to the surface of the resin absorbent material and hardens to form the substantially fluid-impermeable membrane, the liquid mixture 10 being either pressed onto the material while in a flat state and subsequently molded to a rpr and a seal pressed onto it. the collecting spun to seal the coating at the spike edges, or the material is formed into a rpr whose outer surface is coated with the liquid mixture.

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating is applied in several layers.

3. A method according to claims 1-2, characterized in that it has a pixel-absorbent material which is formed into a tube by winding 20 on a mandrel and by joining overlapped parts.

4. A method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that ratchets of resin absorbent material are passed through a circular plunger which forms a reservoir for the coating agent, in such a way that the outside surface of ratchet is brushed against the coating mat. space in the reservoir.

5. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the rope of resin absorbent material is coated by means of a spray head caused to rotate about the axially moving rpr.

6. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the windings are bonded or sewn together by the overlaps, that the coating material is pressed and that the pipe is placed in a rotating container as it is released from the end of the mandrel to neutralize the twisting which is correct. exposed as a result of rotation along with the mandrel. DK 156163 B

7. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the filter is submerged in a bath of coating material and then removed from it, to include a layer of coating material on the outside of the ripper. 5 10