DK151753B - CLUTCH TO SYNCHRONIZE A FREE-FLING OSCILLATOR - Google Patents
CLUTCH TO SYNCHRONIZE A FREE-FLING OSCILLATOR Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK151753B DK151753B DK411777AA DK411777A DK151753B DK 151753 B DK151753 B DK 151753B DK 411777A A DK411777A A DK 411777AA DK 411777 A DK411777 A DK 411777A DK 151753 B DK151753 B DK 151753B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- oscillator
- free
- harmonic
- mixing stage
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/20—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a harmonic phase-locked loop, i.e. a loop which can be locked to one of a number of harmonically related frequencies applied to it
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/24—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal directly applied to the generator
Landscapes
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
- Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
Description
DK 1517 5 3 BDK 1517 5 3 B
Opfindelsen angår en kobling til synkronisering af en fritsvingende oscillator på et i en kvartsoscillator frembragt referencesignal med betydeligt lavere frekvens, efter hvilken oscillator der i en gren er indkob-5 let en første frekvensomsætter og et filter og i en yderligere gren en anden frekvensomsætter, i hvilken kobling filtrets udgangssignal og den frit svingende oscillators udgangssignal tilføres et blandingstrin, og den i blandingstrinnet udvundne mellemfrekvens over et 10 filter tilføres en efterreguleringskobling, som indeholder en overvågningskobling for synkroniseringen, og som tillige får tilført en udvalgt frekvens af den anden frekvensomsætter, og hvis udgangssignal tilføres en til regulering af den fritsvingende oscillator tjenende ind-15 stillelig reaktans.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to a coupling for synchronizing a freely oscillating oscillator to a reference signal produced in a quartz oscillator at a significantly lower frequency, after which an oscillator is connected in a branch to a first frequency converter and a filter, and in a further branch to a second frequency converter. which coupling the output of the filter and the output of the freely oscillating oscillator is applied to a mixing step and the intermediate frequency recovered in the mixing step is applied to a post-regulation coupling which contains a monitoring coupling for the synchronization, and which also receives a selected frequency of the second frequency and Output signal is provided with an adjustable reactance serving to control the free-swinging oscillator.
Bærebølgegeneratorer til frembringelse af mikrobølger bliver i udstrakt grad bygget op af fritsvingende oscillatorer, som synkroniseres ved hjælp af særlige efterreguleringskoblinger med et referencesignal med en 20 betydeligt lavere frekvens. Herved stilles der særlige krav til efterreguleringskoblingen. Denne skal nemlig indeholde så få, enkle komponenter som muligt, behøve et så ringe opbud som muligt til trimning såvel som udmærke sig ved støjsvaghed, frihed for parasitsvingninger 25 samt et enkelt frekvensskifte.Microwave generating generators are extensively built up of free-swinging oscillators, which are synchronized by special post-regulation couplings with a reference signal with a significantly lower frequency. This places special requirements on the post-regulation clutch. This must contain as few, simple components as possible, need as little supply as possible for trimming as well as be distinguished by silence, freedom from parasitic vibrations 25 and a single frequency change.
Disse krav opfyldes ikke i tilstrækkelig grad med bærebølgegeneratorer, hvor der med grundlag i en kvartsoscillator, der svinger med ca. 100 MHz, sker en direkte frekvensmultiplikation, med synkroniserede oscillatorer 30 på indtil f.eks. 2 GHz med en efterfølgende frekvensmultiplikator eller med en synkroniseret oscillator i bærefrekvensområdet, i hvilken der ved bærefrekvensen sker en frekvens- eller fasesammenligning.These requirements are not sufficiently met with carrier generators, where, based on a quartz oscillator, which oscillates by approx. 100 MHz, a direct frequency multiplication occurs, with synchronized oscillators 30 of up to e.g. 2 GHz with a subsequent frequency multiplier or with a synchronized oscillator in the carrier frequency range in which at the carrier frequency a frequency or phase comparison is made.
En kobling af den indledningsvis omhandlede art 35 kendes fra GB-PS-973 421. Her er der efter en kvartsoscillator, som frembringer et referencesignal, i en gren indkoblet en overtonegenerator med et filter og iA coupling of the type 35 initially disclosed is known from GB-PS-973 421. Here, after a quartz oscillator generating a reference signal, in a branch, a harmonic generator with a filter is connected and in
DK 151753BDK 151753B
2 en anden gren en frekvensdeler. Filtrets udgangssignal og udgangssignalet fra en fritsvingende oscillator, der skal synkroniseres, tilføres et blandingstrin. Den i blandingstrinnet udvundne mellemfrekvens bliver over et 5 lavpasfilter tilført en efterreguleringskobling, som desuden får tilført en udvalgt, fra den anden grens frekvensdeler aftaget subharmonisk af kvartsoscillatoren. Efterreguleringskoblingens udgangsspænding tilføres et reaktansrør, der er forbundet med den fritsvingende 10 oscillator.2 another branch a frequency divider. The output of the filter and the output of a free-swinging oscillator to be synchronized are applied to a mixing step. The intermediate frequency recovered in the mixing step is applied over a low-pass filter to a post-regulation coupling, which is additionally supplied to a selected, subharmonically derived from the second branch frequency divider by the quartz oscillator. The output voltage of the post-regulation coupling is fed to a reactant tube connected to the free-swinging oscillator.
. Fra "Electronics", 30. oktober 1959, siderne 56,57 og navnlig fig. 4 er det kendt, efter en frekvensomsætter (-deler) - under mellemkobling af et frekvensområde-indstillingsorgan - at indkoble en forstærker.. From "Electronics", October 30, 1959, pages 56.57 and in particular fig. 4, it is known, after a frequency converter (s) - during the interconnection of a frequency range setting means - to switch on an amplifier.
15 Opfindelsen har til opgave at forbedre en sådan kobling med hensyn til justeringsenkelhed og komponentomkostninger.The object of the invention is to improve such coupling in terms of alignment simplicity and component costs.
Denne opgave løses med en kobling af den indledningsvis omhandlede art ifølge opfindelsen ved, at 20 frekvensomsætteren i den første gren, efter hvilken der er indkoblet en forstærker, er en frekvensmultiplikator for det tilfælde, at den frekvens, der skal tilføres blandingstrinnet skal ligge over referencefrekvensen, og er en frekvensdeler for det tilfælde, at den frekvens, 25 der skal tilføres blandingstrinnet, skal ligge under referencefrekvensen, at blandingstrinnet er et med den fritsvingende oscillator forbundet overtoneblandingstrin med enThis task is solved by a coupling of the kind according to the invention according to the invention in that the frequency converter in the first branch, after which an amplifier is connected, is a frequency multiplier in case the frequency to be applied to the mixing stage must be above the reference frequency. , and is a frequency divider for the case that the frequency to be applied to the mixing step must be below the reference frequency, that the mixing step is one of the overtone mixing steps associated with the free-swinging oscillator.
Schottky-diode, hvilket overtoneblandingstrin frembringer en kam af overtoner af det blandingstrinnet aktive-30 rende signal, og at efterregulefingskoblingen får tilført den af overtoneblandingstrinnet udvundne mellem-. frekvens over en selektiv forstærker og direkte får tilført kvartsoscillatorens i den som frekvensmultiplikator eller frekvensdeler udformede anden frekvensomsætter 35 frembragte harmoniske eller subharmoniske, og at den indstillelige reaktans er en varaktordiode.Schottky diode, which produces a harmonic mixing step of a harmonic of the mixing stage activating signal, and that the post-regulation coupling is applied to the intermediate extracted by the harmonic mixing step. frequency over a selective amplifier and directly supplied to the quartz oscillator in the harmonic or subharmonic generated second frequency converter 35 as the frequency multiplier or frequency divider, and that the tunable reactance is a varactor diode.
DK 151753BDK 151753B
33
De særlige fordele som denne løsning ifølge opfindelsen indebærer er følgende;The particular advantages of this solution according to the invention are the following;
Referencesignalet behøver kun at være svagt og frembringes på særlig enkel måde. Det overtoneblandingstrin/ 5 der frembringer overtonerne og mellemfrekvensen, er ligeledes meget enkelt konstrueret; det består fortrinsvis af en simpel Schottky-diode i et glashus, som er indbygget i oscillatorens resonatordel. Trimning er herved ikke nødvendig. Fase- eller frekvenssammenligning, 10 der er mulig valgfrit for bærebølgeforsyninger med eller uden tjenestesamtalemodulation, sker i et nedre frekvensområde og er derfor særlig enkel og økonomisk gunstig at gennemføre. Endvidere kan der opnås meget store parasitsvingningsdæmpninger, nemlig 90 dB og derover.The reference signal need only be weak and produced in a particularly simple manner. The overtone mixing step / 5 which produces the overtones and intermediate frequency is also very simply constructed; it preferably consists of a simple Schottky diode in a glass housing built into the resonator portion of the oscillator. Trimming is not necessary. Phase or frequency comparisons, which are optionally optional for carrier supplies with or without service call modulation, occur in a lower frequency range and are therefore particularly simple and economically advantageous to carry out. Furthermore, very large parasitic attenuation can be obtained, namely 90 dB and above.
15 Trimningsopbudet er kun ringe, og man behøver ikke ved trimning af reguleringskredsene at tage hensyn til stabilitets- og støjproblemer, da der i multiplikatorerne kun anvendes Schottky-dioder og ikke multiplikatorer med kapacitetsdioder. Der kan opnås et entydigt frekvens-20 skift ved hjælp af et egnet valg af multiplikationsfaktor for den efter kvartsoscillatoren følgende frekvensmultiplikator eller ved indskrænkning af oscillatorens afstemningsområde til definerede frekvensbånd. Endvidere opnås der også høj pålidelighed på grund af regule-25 ringssløjfens ufølsomhed overfor tolerancer og på grund af den ringe belastning af komponenter og disses ringe antal. Også de fastlagte multiplikationsfaktorer i bærebølgegeneratorer, som indgår i bestående systemer, kan opnås ved et tilsvarende valg af multiplikationsfakto-30 rerne m og n og valg af mellemfrekvensen pf'^.15 The trimming range is only small, and you do not need to take into account stability and noise problems when trimming the control circuits, since the Schottky diodes use only Schottky diodes and not capacity diodes multipliers. A unique frequency shift can be obtained by a suitable choice of multiplication factor for the following quartz oscillator frequency multiplier or by limiting the tuning range of the oscillator to defined frequency bands. Furthermore, due to the insensitivity of the control loop to tolerances and due to the low load of components and their low number, high reliability is also obtained. Also, the determined multiplication factors in carrier generators included in existing systems can be obtained by a corresponding choice of the multiplication factors m and n and the choice of the intermediate frequency pf '.
Herved muliggøres også genanvendelse af allerede forhåndenværende kvartsoscillatorer.This also allows re-use of quartz oscillators already available.
Opfindelsen forklares nærmere nedenfor under henvisning til tegningen, hvor 35 fig. 1 viser en fritsvingende oscillator med et overtoneblandingstrin og en sammenligningskreds,, og fig. 2 frekvensspekteret for overtoneblandingstrinnet.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows a free-swinging oscillator with a harmonic mixing step and a comparator circuit, and FIG. 2 the frequency spectrum of the harmonic mixing step.
DK 151753BDK 151753B
4 I det i fig. 1 viste blokdiagram er en kvartsoscillator betegnet med 1, i hvilken referencesignalet tilvejebringes i det sædvanlige frekvensleje på 100 MHz. Dette signal multipliceres eller deles i en efterfølgen-5 de frekvensmultiplikator eller -deler 2 med en faktor m, (hvor m ikke behøver at være et helt tal). Signalet forstærkes i en efterfølgende forstærker 3, hvorefter der er koblet et båndpasfilter 7. Efter båndfilteret 7 følger der et overtoneblandingstrin 4' med en 10 Schottky-diode, som er integreret i en fritsvingende oscillator 4's resonanskreds. RF-oscillatoren 4 kan reguleres med en varaktordiode.4 In the embodiment of FIG. 1 is a quartz oscillator denoted by 1 in which the reference signal is provided in the usual frequency range of 100 MHz. This signal is multiplied or divided into a subsequent frequency multiplier or divider 2 by a factor m, (where m need not be an integer). The signal is amplified in a subsequent amplifier 3, after which a bandpass filter 7. A bandpass filter 7 is followed by a harmonic mixing step 4 'with a 10 Schottky diode integrated into the resonant circuit of a free-swinging oscillator 4. The RF oscillator 4 can be controlled by a varactor diode.
Til efterregulering eller styring af den frit-svingende oscillator 4 findes der en efterregulerings-15 kreds 6, hvori der kan ske en frekvens- eller fasesammenligning, og som eventuelt yderligere kan være udstyret med en overvågningskreds U. Efterreguleringskredsen 61 s ene indgang er over en frekvensmultiplikator eller -deler 8, i hvilken den ønskede harmo- 20 niske eller subharmoniske pf af oscillatoren frem- g bringes, forbundet med kvartsoscillatoren 1, medens den anden indgang via en selektiv forstærker 5 er forbundet med overtoneblandingstrinnet 4', og hvor efterreguleringskredsen 6's udgang er ført til den 25 fritsvingende oscillator 4's varaktordiode.For post-regulation or control of the freely oscillating oscillator 4, there is a post-regulation circuit 6 in which a frequency or phase comparison can be made, and which may be further equipped with a monitoring circuit U. The single input circuit 61 has one input frequency multiplier or parts 8, in which the desired harmonic or subharmonic pf of the oscillator is produced, connected to the quartz oscillator 1, while the second input via a selective amplifier 5 is connected to the harmonic mixing stage 4 ', and the output of the post-regulation circuit 6 is led to the 25 free-swinging oscillator 4's varactor diode.
I overtoneblandingstrinnet 4' fremkommer der et kamformet spektrum af overtoner fra det styrende signal mf (frekvensspektret for overtoneblandingstrinnet er g vist i fig. 2). Den fritsvingende oscillator 4 svin-30 ger i den regulerede tilstand f„, pf forskudt fra den n'te overtone i det styrende signal mf^. Multiplikationsfaktoren eller delingsfaktoren p vælges herved fortrinsvis til at være 1 eller 2, men behøver ikke at være et helt tal.In the harmonic mixing step 4 ', a comb-shaped spectrum of harmonics emerges from the controlling signal mf (the frequency spectrum of the harmonic mixing step is g shown in Figure 2). The free-swinging oscillator 4 oscillates in the controlled state f, pf offset from the ninth overtone in the controlling signal mf ^. The multiplication factor or division factor p is hereby preferably chosen to be 1 or 2, but need not be an integer.
3535
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2641949 | 1976-09-17 | ||
| DE2641949A DE2641949C3 (en) | 1976-09-17 | 1976-09-17 | Arrangement for synchronizing a free-running oscillator |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK411777A DK411777A (en) | 1978-03-18 |
| DK151753B true DK151753B (en) | 1987-12-28 |
| DK151753C DK151753C (en) | 1988-06-13 |
Family
ID=5988210
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK411777A DK151753C (en) | 1976-09-17 | 1977-09-16 | CLUTCH TO SYNCHRONIZE A FREE-FLING OSCILLATOR |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5338957A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU511519B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE858798A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2641949C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK151753C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2365238A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1529549A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE45589B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1087715B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU78128A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL174416C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE416256B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4113865A1 (en) * | 1991-04-27 | 1992-10-29 | Ant Nachrichtentech | Microwave oscillator with VCO and phase discriminator - has members relating reference and output frequencies for frequency band dividing |
| JPH0946225A (en) * | 1995-07-31 | 1997-02-14 | Sharp Corp | Microwave/mullimeter wave band phase locked loop oscillation circuit |
| JP6062841B2 (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2017-01-18 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Injection type phase locked loop |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB973421A (en) * | 1961-02-07 | 1964-10-28 | Marconi Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to variable frequency oscillators |
-
1976
- 1976-09-17 DE DE2641949A patent/DE2641949C3/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-07-26 GB GB31203/77A patent/GB1529549A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-29 FR FR7726201A patent/FR2365238A1/en active Granted
- 1977-09-15 IT IT27575/77A patent/IT1087715B/en active
- 1977-09-15 LU LU78128A patent/LU78128A1/en unknown
- 1977-09-15 NL NLAANVRAGE7710101,A patent/NL174416C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-09-16 BE BE180988A patent/BE858798A/en unknown
- 1977-09-16 JP JP11147677A patent/JPS5338957A/en active Pending
- 1977-09-16 SE SE7710398A patent/SE416256B/en unknown
- 1977-09-16 IE IE1899/77A patent/IE45589B1/en unknown
- 1977-09-16 AU AU28878/77A patent/AU511519B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-16 DK DK411777A patent/DK151753C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB973421A (en) * | 1961-02-07 | 1964-10-28 | Marconi Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to variable frequency oscillators |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2365238A1 (en) | 1978-04-14 |
| DE2641949A1 (en) | 1978-03-23 |
| DK411777A (en) | 1978-03-18 |
| DK151753C (en) | 1988-06-13 |
| IE45589B1 (en) | 1982-10-06 |
| AU2887877A (en) | 1979-03-22 |
| NL174416B (en) | 1984-01-02 |
| BE858798A (en) | 1978-03-16 |
| IE45589L (en) | 1978-03-17 |
| FR2365238B1 (en) | 1981-08-21 |
| NL7710101A (en) | 1978-03-21 |
| SE7710398L (en) | 1978-03-18 |
| GB1529549A (en) | 1978-10-25 |
| DE2641949C3 (en) | 1979-02-22 |
| JPS5338957A (en) | 1978-04-10 |
| NL174416C (en) | 1984-06-01 |
| DE2641949B2 (en) | 1978-06-29 |
| SE416256B (en) | 1980-12-08 |
| LU78128A1 (en) | 1979-05-23 |
| IT1087715B (en) | 1985-06-04 |
| AU511519B2 (en) | 1980-08-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |