DK151314B - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CYLINDRICAL LINING FRAME FRAME AND A PROCEDURE TO PROVIDE A TUNNEL LINING WITH SUCH LINING FRAME FRAME. - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A CYLINDRICAL LINING FRAME FRAME AND A PROCEDURE TO PROVIDE A TUNNEL LINING WITH SUCH LINING FRAME FRAME. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK151314B DK151314B DK192975AA DK192975A DK151314B DK 151314 B DK151314 B DK 151314B DK 192975A A DK192975A A DK 192975AA DK 192975 A DK192975 A DK 192975A DK 151314 B DK151314 B DK 151314B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- tunnel
- casing
- lining
- concrete
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000009482 yaws Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/086—Methods of making concrete lining segments
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
Description
151314151314
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til at fremstille en cylindrisk foringselementramme til brug ved opbygning af en tunnelforing.The present invention relates to a method of making a cylindrical casing frame for use in constructing a tunnel liner.
Fra f.eks. tysk offentliggørelsesskrift nr. 1.534.628 kendes et stålbetonrør til en tunnelkonstruktion, hvor de enkelte foringselementraramers endeplader holdes i en fikseret stilling ved hjælp af mellem disse forløbende og til disse svejsede buede stålstænger, og hvor der i foringselementrammernes indre er indlejret en af et særligt formet tætningselement bestående tætning, der deler stålbetonlegemet i to skaller og samtidigt forbinder disse, så de virker som en statisk enhed. Særskilte, specielt udformede slutstykker benyttes til at fuldføre hele den rundtgående foring. Sådanne foringselementrammer bestående af skaller og rør fremstilles på fabrikken, hvor deres dimension i tunnelforingens omkredsretning bestemmes endeligt. Fra DE-patentskrift 1.237.604 og DE-frem-læggelsesskrift 1.070.202 kendes buede, kasseformede foringselementrammer afgrænset af en stiv, kraftig, rektangulær ramme, hvis dimensioner i tunnelforingens omkredsretning og dermed i deres længde i denne retning er endeligt bestemt. Det er ikke muligt at efterregulere disse kendte foringselementrammer efter fremstillingen.From e.g. German Patent Specification No. 1,534,628 discloses a steel concrete pipe for a tunnel structure in which the end plates of the individual casing frame holders are held in a fixed position by means of these extending and to these welded curved steel rods, and where one of a specially shaped is embedded in the interior of the casing frame. sealing element consisting of a seal that divides the steel concrete body into two shells and at the same time joins them to act as a static unit. Separate, specially designed end pieces are used to complete the entire circumferential liner. Such casing element frames consisting of shells and tubes are manufactured at the factory, where their dimension in the circumferential direction of the tunnel liner is finally determined. From DE patent specification 1,237,604 and DE publication 1,070,202, curved, box-shaped casing frame frames are defined by a rigid, strong, rectangular frame whose dimensions in the circumferential direction of the tunnel lining and thus in their length in this direction are finally determined. It is not possible to re-regulate these known casing frame after manufacture.
Det er den foreliggende opfindelses formål at anvise en fremgangsmåde til at fremstille en cylindrisk foringselementramme, der er udformet således, at man derved nemt kan fremstille et foringselement, som ved brug af rammen i hvert enkelt tilfælde nemt kan tilpasses de reelle omkredsdimensioner uanset variationen af foringselementernes dimension hidrørende fra de fremstillingstolerancer, som man møder i forbindelse med støbning.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of producing a cylindrical casing member frame which is designed so as to easily produce a casing member which can be easily adapted in each case to the actual circumferential dimensions regardless of the variation of the casing elements. dimension arising from the manufacturing tolerances encountered in casting.
Dette formål tilgodeses ved, at den indledningsvis omtalte fremgangsmåde er ejendommelig ved det i den kendetegnende del af krav 1 anførte, Ved denne fremgangsmåde er det i modsæt^ 2 151314 ning til tidligere muligt at fremstille et enkelt,eventuelt stort,element med nøjagtigt til de foreliggende betingelser tilpassede dimensioner og med kun få dele, der ubehandlet kan leveres fra støberiet. Endvidere reduceres antallet af bolte, der eventuelt helt kan udelades. Endvidere undgår man at skulle benytte materiale til et udfylde mellemrummet mellem endepladerne. Under antagelse af at skabelonens dimensioner i omkredsretningen,som målt mellem endepladerne, er nøjagtigt lig med en given brøkdel af den komplette omkreds af den cylindriske foringsring, der skal fremstilles i tunnelen, udlignes den uundgåelige forskel i omkredslængden mellem de buede stænger, især hvis de sidstnævnte er fremstillet af f.eks. støbejern, automatisk ved at benytte den nævnte ele-mentramme med den givne udformning, idet man ved hjælp af gabet teleskopisk kan variere foringselementrammens længde inden for gabenes dybdemål. Betonen kan så tilføres på et senere trin. Herved sikrer man på enkel måde, at et antal foringselementrammer kan danne en komplet cirkulær tunnelforing uden mellemrum mellem foringselementrammernes endeplader.This object is met by the fact that the method mentioned in the introduction is characterized by the characterizing part of claim 1. In this method it is in contrast to previously possible to produce a single, possibly large, element with exactly the same. The present conditions are adapted to dimensions and with only a few parts that can be delivered untreated from the foundry. Furthermore, the number of bolts that may be completely eliminated is reduced. Furthermore, it is avoided to use material to fill the gap between the end plates. Assuming that the template dimensions in the circumferential direction, as measured between the end plates, are exactly equal to a given fraction of the complete circumference of the cylindrical casing ring to be made in the tunnel, the inevitable difference in circumferential length between the curved bars is offset, especially if the latter is made of e.g. cast iron, automatically by using said element frame of the given design, by means of the gap telescopically varying the length of the casing element frame within the depth measurements of the yaws. The concrete can then be added at a later stage. In this way, it is simply ensured that a number of casing element frames can form a complete circular tunnel liner without any spaces between the endplates of the casing element frames.
Ved at benytte kopformede huse anbragt på endepladernes ind-advendende flader får man i overensstemmelse med det i den kendetegnende del af krav 2 anførte en enkel mulighed for en korrekt placering af stængerne,samtidig med at det bliver lettere at fylde forbindelsesmaterialet ind i det af hvert hus afgrænsede gab.By using cup-shaped housings arranged on the inverted surfaces of the end plates, according to the characterizing part of claim 2, a simple possibility of correct placement of the rods is obtained, while at the same time facilitating filling of the connecting material into each of the house bounded gaps.
Det foretrækkes i overensstemmelse med det i den kendetegnende del af krav 3 anførte at benytte epoxyharpiks. Man har fundet, at dette materiale er særligt velegnet til at fylde gabene og fastgøre stængerne til pladerne.It is preferred to use epoxy resin according to the characterizing part of claim 3. It has been found that this material is particularly suitable for filling the gaps and attaching the rods to the plates.
Krav 4 angår en fremgangsmåde til at fremstille en cylindrisk tunnelforing ud fra foringselementer fremstillet ved fremgangsmåden ifølge krav 1-3, hvilken fremgangsmåde er ejendommelig ved, at et antal foringselementer samles i tunnelen, 3 151314 således at de i omkredsretningen støder an imod hinanden til dannelse af en fuldstændig ring, og at beton støbes mellem hver segmentrammes endeplader og om stængerne. Herved gøres det muligt i tunneludgravningen først at samle de med nøjagtig afmålt afstand mellem endepladerne fremstillede foringselementrammer til en korrekt tilpasset foringsring uden mellemrum mellem nabostillede rammers endeplader og senere foretage be-tonifyldningen på en i og for sig kendt måde, f.eks. ved hjælp af en glideforskalling. De med mellemrum anbragte stænger sikrer indtil betonindfyldningen mod nedfaldende blokke.Claim 4 relates to a method of producing a cylindrical tunnel liner from casing elements made by the method of claims 1-3, which is characterized in that a plurality of casing elements are assembled in the tunnel, so that they are circumferentially opposed to form. of a complete ring, and that concrete is cast between the end plates of each segment frame and about the bars. This makes it possible, in the tunnel excavation, to first assemble the casing element frames made with precisely measured distance between the end plates to a properly fitted casing without gap between the end plates of adjacent frames and later to make the concrete filling in a manner known per se, e.g. using a slide formwork. The intermittent bars secure until the concrete fill against falling blocks.
På grundlag af tegningen forklares den foreliggende opfindelse nærmere nedenfor. På tegningen viser fig. 1 set i perspektiv, en foringselexnentramme for foring af en tunnel i overensstemmelse med den foreliggende opfindelse, fig. 2 og 3 forstørrede diametrale snit af to detaljer ved denne foringselementramme, og fig. 4 et perspektivisk delbillede af en ændring af foringselementrammen ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse.On the basis of the drawing, the present invention is explained in more detail below. In the drawing, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a casing liner frame for lining a tunnel in accordance with the present invention; FIG. 2 and 3 are enlarged diametrical sections of two details of this casing frame; and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a change in the casing frame of the present invention.
I fig. 1 ses en hvælvingskile eller foringselementramroe formet som en sektor af en cylindrisk ring med en akse X-X og med to metalendepiader 1 og 2, f.eks. af sejt duktilt støbejern, der er parallelle med den underjordiske tunnels akse X-X. Pladerne 1, 2 er indbyrdes forbundet ved hjælp af buede Stænger 3a, 3^ ... af sejt duktilt støbej ern, der har en cirkulær eller en anden tværsnitsform, og som udgør en cylindrisk helhed med samme akse som tunnelen. Pladerne 1, 2 har fortrinsvis en i det væsentlige buet rektangulær form med to sider parallelle med aksen X-X og to sider orienteret i retning af en diameter af tunnelen, idet pladen 1 har en konveks yderflade 4, og pladen 2 en konkav yderflade 5.In FIG. 1, a vault wedge or casing element frame is seen as a sector of a cylindrical ring with an axis X-X and with two metal end pads 1 and 2, e.g. of tough ductile cast iron parallel to the underground tunnel axis X-X. The plates 1, 2 are interconnected by means of curved rods 3a, 3 ^ ... of tough ductile casting having a circular or other cross-sectional shape and forming a cylindrical whole with the same axis as the tunnel. The plates 1, 2 preferably have a substantially curved rectangular shape with two sides parallel to the axis X-X and two sides oriented towards a diameter of the tunnel, the plate 1 having a convex outer surface 4 and the plate 2 a concave outer surface 5.
Hver plade 1, 2 har på den indre flade koplignende huse med en forholdsvis lang sidevæg 6 af vilkårlig form, såsom cylin- 151314 4 drisk, keglestubformet eller en anden form og er støbt med den tilsvarende metalplade. Stængerne 3 , 3° har en endedel 7 med formindsket tværsnit, der samvirker med husene 6, men afgrænser med dette et', resterende gab 8, der udfyldes med et fylde- og fastgørelsesmateriale, såsom en epoxyharpiks eller et tilsvarende stof.Each plate 1, 2 has on the inner flat cup-like housings with a relatively long sidewall 6 of any shape, such as cylindrical, conical, or other mold, and is molded with the corresponding metal plate. The rods 3, 3 ° have a diminished cross-sectional end portion 7 which cooperates with the housings 6 but delimits with it a residual gap 8 which is filled with a filling and fixing material, such as an epoxy resin or similar substance.
Stængernes diameter er af størrelsesordenen på 1/3 af foringselementrammens tykkelse, og afstanden mellem stængerne opretholdes ved hjælp af afstandsholdere 9, der f.eks. består af par af bølgeformet profilerede ståldele, hvoraf den ene del forløber hen over og den anden hen under stængerne, og som er forbundet ved hjælp af bolte 10.The diameter of the rods is of the order of 1/3 of the thickness of the casing element frame, and the distance between the rods is maintained by spacers 9, e.g. consists of pairs of corrugated profiled steel parts, one of which extends over and the other below the rods and which are connected by means of bolts 10.
Pladen 1 har centreringstappe 11, og pladen 2 har dertil svarende og passende fordybninger og gennemstrømningsåbninger for indsprøjtning af materiale til at binde foringselementerne sammen og tætne dem eller til brug for indsprøjtning af ét udfyldningsmateriale uden for foringen.The plate 1 has centering pins 11 and the plate 2 has corresponding and appropriate recesses and flow openings for injecting material to bond and seal the lining elements or for the use of injection of one filling material outside the lining.
Hulrum 12 er endvidere tilvejebragt i betonmassen 12 til brug for en eventuel sammenboltning af foringselementerne.Cavity 12 is further provided in the concrete mass 12 for use in the eventual collapse of the casing elements.
Udragende dele 13 for forankring er tilvejebragt på den indre flade af pladerne 1, 2 for at fremme betonens forankring på disse.Protruding portions 13 for anchoring are provided on the inner surface of the plates 1, 2 to promote the anchoring of the concrete thereon.
En sådan foringselementramme samles og anbringes i stilling på følgende måde:Such a casing frame is assembled and positioned as follows:
De støbte metalplader 1, 2 anbringes på en skabelon G, hvis dimensioner svarer til den færdige dels dimensioner. Derefter indføres udfyldningsma- 9 Id terialet eller fyldstoffet i husene 6, og stængerne 3,3 ... anbringes i stilling, hvorpå afstandsholdeme 9 anbringes på plads. Dimensionstil- 5 151314 pasningen opnås ved hjælp af frigangen, der resterer i mellemrummet eller gabet 8 mellem enden 7 af stængerne 3 og huset 6. Det forbindelsesmateriale, der indføres i gabet 8, muliggør så overføring af store kompressionskræfter. I en anden udførelsesfonn kan stængerne 3 samles med pladerne 1, 2 ved at svejse enderne 7 til husene 6.The cast metal sheets 1, 2 are placed on a template G, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the finished part. Then, the filler material or filler is introduced into the housings 6, and the rods 3,3 ... are placed in position and the spacers 9 are placed in place. The dimensional fit is obtained by the clearance remaining in the gap or gap 8 between the end 7 of the rods 3 and the housing 6. The connecting material introduced into the gap 8 then allows the transfer of large compressive forces. In another embodiment, the rods 3 can be joined to the plates 1, 2 by welding the ends 7 to the housings 6.
Den således fremstillede metaldel transporteres derpå til bygningsstedet, hvor den belægges med udfyldningsmateriale 12, såsom beton eller mørtel. Betonstrømningen er begræn set ved hjælp af pladerne i retning af omkredsen og ved hjælp af enten en indre eller en ydre endevæg. For at lette håndteringen før betonen hældes, er det fordelagtigt at erstatte a nogle af boltene 10 med svejseringe 10 , hvoraf kun én er vist, uden fare for at deformere metalkonstruktionen, da spændingerne er strengt begrænset til deres minimalværdier.The metal part thus produced is then transported to the building site, where it is coated with filling material 12, such as concrete or mortar. The concrete flow is limited by means of the slabs in the direction of the circumference and by either an inner or an outer end wall. To facilitate handling before pouring the concrete, it is advantageous to replace a some of the bolts 10 with welding rings 10, only one of which is shown, without the risk of deforming the metal structure, as the stresses are strictly limited to their minimum values.
Ved en anden fremgangsmåde kan foringselementrammerne anbringes direkte i selve tunnelen ved at samle dem til en fuldstændig foringsring eller cylinder ved at lade den konvekse flade 4 af den ene ramme samvirke med den konkave flade 5 af den umiddelbart tilstødende ramme i omkredsretningen uden behov for hurtigt at udføre betonifyldningen. På grund af stængernes 3a, 3^ osv. tilstedeværelse opnås en god sikkerhed i tunnelen imod nedfaldende blokke til trods for, at der ikke er noget fyldmateriale, idet ifyldningen udføres senere in situ på kendt måde, f.eks. ved hjælp af en glideforskalling.In another method, the casing frame can be placed directly in the tunnel itself by assembling it into a complete casing ring or cylinder by letting the convex face 4 of one frame interact with the concave face 5 of the immediately adjacent frame in the circumferential direction without the need to quickly perform the concrete filling. Due to the presence of the rods 3a, 3 ^, etc., a good security is obtained in the tunnel against falling blocks, despite the fact that there is no filling material, the filling being carried out later in situ in a known manner, e.g. using a slide formwork.
Ved den i fig. 4 viste udførelsesform er kanterne af beton-massen også beskyttede ved hjælp af indre langsgående flanger a 14 og radiære flanger 14 , således at det ikke længere er nødvendigt at benytte bindingsforstærkninger for at udelukke betonbrud på grund af for høje kontakttryk frembragt ved, at føringen sættes under tryk. I realiteten er bindingen her frembragt ved tilstedeværelse på pladerne af for det første husene 6, hvori stængerne er anbragt og for det andet af flan-gerne 14-, 14°, som begrænser og forstærker betonen ved sammentrykning. Hvis det ønskes kan flangerne 14*5 omfatte boltIn the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the edges of the concrete pulp are also protected by internal longitudinal flanges a 14 and radial flanges 14, so that it is no longer necessary to use bonding reinforcements to exclude concrete fractures due to excessive contact pressure caused by the guide being set. under pressure. In fact, the bonding here is produced by the presence on the plates of firstly the housings 6, in which the rods are placed and secondly by the flanges 14-, 14 °, which limit and reinforce the concrete by compression. If desired, the flanges 14 * 5 may comprise bolt
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7418257 | 1974-05-27 | ||
| FR7418257A FR2273119B1 (en) | 1974-05-27 | 1974-05-27 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK192975A DK192975A (en) | 1975-11-28 |
| DK151314B true DK151314B (en) | 1987-11-23 |
| DK151314C DK151314C (en) | 1988-07-18 |
Family
ID=9139287
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK192975A DK151314C (en) | 1974-05-27 | 1975-05-02 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A CYLINDRICAL LINING FRAME FRAME AND A PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A TUNNEL LINING THROUGH SUCH LINING FRAME FRAME |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5822637B2 (en) |
| AR (1) | AR204358A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT348578B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE829470A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7503299A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1016760A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH585340A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE7516342U (en) |
| DK (1) | DK151314C (en) |
| ES (1) | ES437956A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2273119B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1501430A (en) |
| IN (1) | IN144866B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1038278B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7506252A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO144835C (en) |
| OA (1) | OA05011A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL106211B1 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE405746B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA753365B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2446376A1 (en) * | 1979-01-15 | 1980-08-08 | Pont A Mousson | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ASSEMBLING TUNNEL COVERS |
| JPS5948599A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1984-03-19 | 都築 純一 | Tunnel covering construction structure |
| US4477204A (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1984-10-16 | Clarence J. Rohde | Cast concrete element for underground tubular structure |
| GB2149833B (en) * | 1983-11-18 | 1986-03-26 | Coal Ind | Cast concrete segments and assemblies comprising such segments |
| FR2669259A1 (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1992-05-22 | Tuyaux Bonna | Process for the manufacture of prefabricated arch units |
| DE10114615A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-02 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Tubbing, especially high-performance tubbing |
| CN113374510B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-12-01 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Construction method for controlling stability of vertical formwork of reinforcement cage of cast-in-situ lining side wall of tunnel |
| CN113550765B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-12-12 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Construction method for preventing high cantilever tunnel side wall lining reinforcement cage from inward tilting by using section steel |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1070202B (en) * | 1959-12-03 | Hochtief A G fur Hoch- und Tief bauten vorm Gebr Helfmann Essen | Reinforced concrete tubbing for tunnels or manholes | |
| DE1237604B (en) * | 1964-07-09 | 1967-03-30 | Torkret G M B H | Tuebbing for tunnels, galleries and shafts |
| DE1534628A1 (en) * | 1965-08-06 | 1970-03-05 | Philipp Holzman Ag | Reinforced concrete slab for tunnel construction |
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1974
- 1974-05-27 FR FR7418257A patent/FR2273119B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-01-01 AR AR258832A patent/AR204358A1/en active
- 1975-04-29 GB GB17703/75A patent/GB1501430A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-04-30 IN IN875/CAL/1975A patent/IN144866B/en unknown
- 1975-05-02 CH CH569575A patent/CH585340A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-02 DK DK192975A patent/DK151314C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-20 IT IT23517/75A patent/IT1038278B/en active
- 1975-05-20 AT AT383075A patent/AT348578B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-22 DE DE7516342U patent/DE7516342U/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-23 NO NO751822A patent/NO144835C/en unknown
- 1975-05-26 BE BE156692A patent/BE829470A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-05-26 CA CA227,790A patent/CA1016760A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-26 OA OA55509A patent/OA05011A/en unknown
- 1975-05-26 ZA ZA00753365A patent/ZA753365B/en unknown
- 1975-05-26 PL PL1975180702A patent/PL106211B1/en unknown
- 1975-05-26 BR BR4220/75A patent/BR7503299A/en unknown
- 1975-05-27 JP JP50062587A patent/JPS5822637B2/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-27 ES ES437956A patent/ES437956A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-05-27 NL NL7506252A patent/NL7506252A/en unknown
- 1975-05-27 SE SE7506062A patent/SE405746B/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1070202B (en) * | 1959-12-03 | Hochtief A G fur Hoch- und Tief bauten vorm Gebr Helfmann Essen | Reinforced concrete tubbing for tunnels or manholes | |
| DE1237604B (en) * | 1964-07-09 | 1967-03-30 | Torkret G M B H | Tuebbing for tunnels, galleries and shafts |
| DE1534628A1 (en) * | 1965-08-06 | 1970-03-05 | Philipp Holzman Ag | Reinforced concrete slab for tunnel construction |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1016760A (en) | 1977-09-06 |
| BR7503299A (en) | 1976-04-27 |
| CH585340A5 (en) | 1977-02-28 |
| NL7506252A (en) | 1975-12-01 |
| JPS5124038A (en) | 1976-02-26 |
| DE2522789A1 (en) | 1975-12-04 |
| NO144835C (en) | 1981-11-18 |
| SE405746B (en) | 1978-12-27 |
| IN144866B (en) | 1978-07-22 |
| AR204358A1 (en) | 1975-12-22 |
| FR2273119B1 (en) | 1980-11-28 |
| DK151314C (en) | 1988-07-18 |
| ES437956A1 (en) | 1977-01-01 |
| ATA383075A (en) | 1978-07-15 |
| NO751822L (en) | 1975-11-28 |
| PL106211B1 (en) | 1979-12-31 |
| GB1501430A (en) | 1978-02-15 |
| NO144835B (en) | 1981-08-10 |
| BE829470A (en) | 1975-11-26 |
| AU8098775A (en) | 1976-11-11 |
| SE7506062L (en) | 1975-11-28 |
| IT1038278B (en) | 1979-11-20 |
| DK192975A (en) | 1975-11-28 |
| ZA753365B (en) | 1976-04-28 |
| OA05011A (en) | 1980-12-31 |
| JPS5822637B2 (en) | 1983-05-10 |
| FR2273119A1 (en) | 1975-12-26 |
| DE2522789B2 (en) | 1977-04-28 |
| AT348578B (en) | 1979-02-26 |
| DE7516342U (en) | 1978-01-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |