DK142905B - R PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING MULTI-LAYER INSULATION WINDOWS - Google Patents

Description

(w \ Ra, OD PUBLICATION NOTICE 1 ^ -2905 DENMARK (51), nt · Cl · 3 c o3 c 27/10 // e 06 b 3/66 '(21) Application No 3976/72 (22) Filed on 11 · 9-Ug · 1972 (24) Day of Life 1 Aug. 1, 1972 (44) The note presented and the certificate of submission published on 23 · barrel · 1 9o1

DIRECTORATE OF

PATENT AND TRADE MARKET (30) Priority gassed from it

Aug 14 1971, 2140834, DE

(71) METALLGESELLSCHAFT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, Reuterweg 14, 6 Frankfurt, DE.

(72) inventor: Friedrich Wilhelm Bergmann, Eichetrasee 1, 605 Offenbach, DE:

Klaus Henrich, Im Herrenwald ~ 11 a, 6235 Kelkheim, DE: Manfred Kue = ber, Seckbacher Landstr. 33, 6 Frankfurt, DE: Guenter Hinck,

Herzogstr. 1, 6 Frankfurt am Main-Niederrad, DE.

(74) Plenipotentiary in the proceedings:

The engineering company Budde, Schou & Co.

(54) Process for making multi-layer insulating glass panes.

The present invention relates to a process for producing multilayer insulation glass panes with moisture-free spaces between the individual layers by connecting the single layers via spacers and edge sealing, which serve as water vapor barrier and to hold the individual layers together, which consist of elastomers which are placed as heated flowably mass or in the form of extruded profiles. Optionally, the elastomeric substance is mixed with additional fillers and additives.

It is known to produce a double-layer glass pane by connecting profiles of thermoplastic resin to a frame by welding, and this frame is shrunk on the glass pane after heating (cf. German Patent Specification No. 1,055,195 and German Patent 142905 2 No. 1,131,371). . Furthermore, it is known by means of a multilayer insulating glass pane to keep the glass pane at a certain distance at the rim through an intermediate stage of elastomeric polysiloxane masses (cf. German Pat. No. 1,169,639 and German Patent No. 1,013,819). These are reactive systems that are easily cross-linked. For the same purpose, the use of organic polysulfide polymers is also known, as is the use of heat processable systems based on polyisobutylene or polybutene. The space between the individual glass layers in the panes is kept moisture free in a known manner by an introduced desiccant, e.g. silica gel.

Thus, it is known to use thermoplastic rubber jaws for profiling moldings to hold several glass panes at a certain distance from one another, thus these moldings serve as spacers located along the edges of the panes. Such chewing gum is disclosed in e.g. U.S. Patent No. 3,265,765. In this patent, only general information on the usefulness of the polymerisers can be found, for example. that they can be used in injection molded articles, extruded material, for coatings and in adhesives. From US Patent No. 3,265,765 itself, it cannot be assumed that such materials should be applicable in the field of manufacture of multilayer insulating glass.

The specification for Danish patent application no. 2645/71 relates to a dry element designed as a spacer for multilayer units. This drying element consists of a water-absorbing material or adsorbent such as zeolite distributed in a matrix of moisture-permeable material. It is especially noted that high water vapor transmission is prescribed so that the material becomes highly moisture permeable. From the information in the said Danish description, it can thus be calculated that the water vapor transmission 2 is 50-55 g / 24 h / m. This high water vapor transmission of the material allows the moisture to be extracted from the air located in the space between the glass panes, through the rim seal and absorbed into the adsorbent. Then, around the outer edge of the known device, a further edge strip is laid, namely as a seal in the form of a moisture-resistant material, thereby protecting the unit constructed of several glass panes from the moisture of the external environment. Obviously, this is a primary seal and a secondary seal of this known device, around which is finally applied yet another circumferential metal case of U-shaped cross section. This serves as edge protection, and only upon application of this metal latch does the multi-layer unit achieve the necessary stable construction which permits safe handling and assembly.

Obviously, the object of the above-mentioned Danish application is to provide a spacer for the individual glass layers in the production of non-standard insulated glass units, which spacers can easily bend and adapt to any contours of such multilayer units. To this end, a spacer of water vapor permeable and adsorbent-containing thermoplastic rubber is provided, which also takes over the normally used metallic material and the task of desiccant hollow profiles. According to the available Danish description, the multilayer unit is further provided with a secondary seal at the rim made of conventional moisture resistant material. Thus, since a moisture-permeable matrix is used as the material of which the spacer according to the description of the said Danish application is constructed, this material is obviously not suitable for useful sealing at the edge of multilayer units. Whether the polymerisates according to the above-mentioned United States patent are water vapor-permeable is not clear from this specification, which, as already mentioned, shows no suggestion towards using these polymers as an edge seal.

The prior art methods exhibit various disadvantages, e.g. that the spacer of thermoplastic material does not exhibit sufficiently good elastic behavior that stresses or influences from outside of the assembly can be safely absorbed, or that the heat-treatable materials used so far have insufficient long-term elasticity so that over time they become too rigid and / or make them cumbersome processing methods necessary at the point of application.

The invention now has the object of alleviating these and other disadvantages and of providing a simple and economically sound manufacturing method for multilayer insulating glass panes, particularly suitable for continuous operation.

The method according to the invention also relates to the manufacture of a multilayer unit which is provided with a usual profiled metallic spacer and also contains the desiccant in known manner, but a special edge seal can now be used which can be applied or applied in a simple and economically convenient manner but which highly moisture resistant, and which further exhibits the particular benefit of absorbing stresses without affecting the assembly.

Accordingly, the process of the invention is characterized in that as a waterproofing, a water vapor-tight mixture of 40-80% by weight of styrene / butadiene / styrene and / or styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer is used until 40% by weight of thermoplastic polymerate is selected. from polyamides, olefin homo- or copolymers or halogen-containing vinyl polymerisates, up to 35% by weight, optionally modified natural resin and / or synthetic resin or resin-like compounds, and 20-60% by weight of additives and / or fillers. Thus, it is both a new purpose and a new composition, thereby obtaining a material having a water vapor transmission of only approx. 0.1 g / 24 ti-2 mer / m, and which has the advantageous technological processability that is normally only obtained with thermoplastics, but which also has the advantageous elastic properties normally associated with vulcanized rubber jugs. To clarify this connection, it can be mentioned that in practice in the manufacture of multilayer units, commonly used polysulfide rubber sugars have water vapor transmissions of approx. 1 g / 24 h / m. This is shown below, cf. See point 1 of the Comparative Test for Polysulfide Rubber Sugar, which is otherwise also the material normally used for this purpose, see above.

Thus, the technical progress achieved by the process according to the invention must firstly be seen in the advantageous properties of the multilayer glazing in the direction of good stress absorption, but also in a number of technological advantages of their manufacturing method, which have now been able to be highly rationalized. This is in particular related to the use of the special elastomeric substances which combine the easy technological applicability and workability of the thermoplastics with the good elastic properties of vulcanized rubbers. Since the thermoplastic rubber does not need vulcanization, it can also be processed on machines and plants already technically used for processing common thermoplastic resins. Thus, it is a considerable technical advance that multilayer insulating glass panes can now be made using extruder and injection molding machines, whereby the melt-flowing material introduced into the joint between the panes solidifies over a few minutes to a hermetically dense edge closure which exhibits fine rubber molding properties immediately. . This combination requires processing properties that allow unprecedented mechanization of the multilayer glass insulation pane's manufacturing method and final processing. In addition, the subject thermoplastic rubber has exceptionally good water vapor density and weather resistance which together with its elastic and mechanical strength enable the rim seal to ideally absorb the alternating loads of both mechanical and chemical nature that can occur. with windows.

The edge of the panes can in a manner known per se be enclosed in a metal cover or edge protection then applied.

The thermoplastic rubber used in the process according to the invention is a block copolymer of the styrene / butadiene / styrene type and / or styrene / isoprene / styrene. Such block copolymers are known per se. In the thermoplastic rubber, the properties of vulcanized elastomers combine with the workability of the thermoplastics.

Therefore, according to the method according to the invention, according to a particular embodiment, the thermoplastic rubber or the mass containing this thermoplastic rubber, due to the thermoplastic nature, can be processed on extrusion apparatus and formed as pre-finished strips or profiles which require only a surface heating at the application site. to approx. 170 ° C to adhere and seal the glass panes arranged via the spacers. Suitable profiles have e.g. T or E shape. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thermoplastic rubber yarn or the mass containing it can also be processed as heated liquid masses and the pane arrangement is glued and sealed directly therewith. Hereby a temperature of approx. 180 ° C is sufficient to make the mass flowable while after cooling it goes into the rubbery elastic state. In the process of the invention, the thermoplastic rubber is used in admixture with any modified natural resin and / or synthetic resin or resin-like compounds. As natural resins, e.g. root and balm resins such as rosin are suitable for incorporation, and furthermore, modifying natural resins such as esters of natural resins and esters of modified natural resins are suitable. Suitable synthetic resins are e.g. phenolic, urea or melamine resins, hydrocarbon resins, coumarone-containing resins, epoxy resins or resin esters.

Furthermore, it has been found advantageous to additionally introduce thermoplastic polymerisates selected from polyamides, olefin homo- and copolymers and halogen-containing vinyl polymers in the thermoplastic rubber based masses used in the process of the invention. Such thermoplastic polymerisates are e.g. polyamides, polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, especially atactic polypropylene, polyisobutylene and polyvinyl chloride. Copolymerates of ethylene and polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate or ethylene and acrylic acid esters are also suitable for this purpose.

The resins or resinous compounds, as well as the thermoplastic polymerisates, which are preferably incorporated into the thermoplastic rubber used in the process of the invention, serve to increase the adhesive properties of the melt, to improve the adhesion, and to adjust the melt ratio and control the melt properties and melt flow properties. Furthermore, these products may also serve to induce better compatibility with additional additives, e.g. to provide better mixability between the individual components. The resins or resinous compounds may be contained in the mixture containing the thermoplastic rubber, in an amount up to 35%, while the thermoplastic polymerisates may be contained in the mixture in an amount up to 40%.

In addition, in order to delay the masses used in the process according to the invention in economical terms, fillers or additives are added. The amount of these additives varies between 20 and 60%. For example, inorganic and / or organic fillers are added to the pulp to affect the pulp technologically favorable for various applications, e.g. For example, high-dispersion fillers such as high-dispersion silicic acid may be introduced to prevent dripping from the pulp in liquid melting state, and further, fibrous fillers such as asbestos, glass fibers or organic fibers may be introduced which enhance the mechanical strength of the pulp.

As fillers, they are suitable for use in rubber processing, such as chalk, clay, titanium dioxide and soot. Finally, by incorporating pigments, the pulp can be dyed in the desired manner, and in addition, processability can be improved by the addition of plasticizers or processing aids such as metal soaps.

In order to increase the aging resistance of the thermoplastic rubber jaw, suitable anti-aging agents are suitably incorporated. Such antioxidants are known per se from rubber processing. Finally, the adhesion of the thermoplastic rubber squeegee to the glass surfaces can be further enhanced by the simultaneous use of adhesives. These adhesives can be incorporated either in the thermoplastic rubber or in the mixture with a content thereof or applied to the substrate. Such 7 1 42905 adhesives are e.g. organic substituted silanes which are substituted by unsaturated groups such as vinyl or allyl groups, and further can be aminoalkylsilanes, as well as peroxyorganosubstituted silanes, e.g. vinylmethyl bis-tert.butylperoxysilane is used.

In order to provide a good combination of the above-mentioned properties in economic and technological terms, the optimum working range has been found to be achieved when, according to the invention, a mixture of 40-60% styrene / butadiene / styrene and / or styrene is suitably used. isoprene / styrene block copolymers, 5-30% thermoplastic polymerate selected from polyamides, olefin homo- or co-polymerisates or halogen-containing vinyl polymerisates, 5-30% natural resin, 20-40% filler, 1-4% anti-aging agent, 0.1-5 % pigment and optionally up to 5% processing aids and adhesives.

Specifically, the best weather resistance and elasticity and strength are obtained when suitably using a blend consisting of 27% styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer, 27% styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer, 25% inorganic filler, 11% rosin resin, 5% polyamide resin, 2.7% antioxidant, 2% adhesive agent 0.3% pigment.

Example

For carrying out the method according to the invention, the thermoplastic rubber yarn as specified above is heated to 140-180 ° C and extruded in a conventional extrusion apparatus for profiles, strips or beads of the required dimensions, in particular E-profiles which are inserted cold on all sides. over the edges of the spaced glass panes. A dense edge barrier is formed by heating, by electro-induction, in one experiment, and by infrared radiation in another experiment.

In a third test, the thermoplastic rubber blend and additional additions are used in the heated, flowable state and introduced by injection molding between the edges of the single-pane panes to be joined. For this purpose, the temperature of the mixture is raised to approx. 180 ° C and the mixture is introduced by means of an extruder of conventional construction, the nozzle being passed along the edges of the glass layers arranged for a desired multilayer pane. This is done in a vacuum chamber.

8 142905

The method according to the invention is also carried out in such a way that conventional distance profiles, e.g. metallic spacer profiles at right angles or other thread cross sections are made on at least 2 facing surfaces by providing rigidly adhered strips of thermoplastic rubber, and these pre-made joint elements are joined to the glass layers under heat application as described above.

A spacer is manufactured as a U-shaped profile of the above thermoplastic rubber mesh by extrusion in endless lengths and is used as a pre-made sealing strip to assemble multilayer glass insulation panes by the method of the invention.

The process according to the invention has hereby shown various advantages by virtue of the elastomeric materials used, which exhibit the advantageous technological workability of the thermoplastic resins and have the elastic properties of the vulcanized chewing gum.

The above-specified thermoplastic rubber yoke used in the method according to the invention thus has good water vapor density and chemical resistance as well as weather resistance. The glass and elastomeric joint made of the thermoplastic rubber has a high resistance to alternating mechanical loads, such as those of e.g. appear in windows. The water vapor density of the sealing compound built on the basis of the thermoplastic rubber has a decisive effect on the long service life of the multilayer insulating glass panes thus described. It has thereby been found that the sealing compositions in question with regard to water vapor density are considerably more favorable compared to other products used for the same purpose, e.g. polysulfide rubber and silicone rubber.

By the same test in accordance with DlN standard 53 122, the following values for water vapor transmission are obtained: 2 1. Polysulfide bubbly: approx. 1 g / m x day (at 1 cm thickness) 2 2. Silicone rubber: approx. 10 g / m x day (at 1 cm thickness) 3. Elastomeric substance used in the process of the invention: 2 approx. 0.1 g / m x day (at 1 cm thickness).