DE974746C - Semi-automatic electrical testing device for multi-core cables with automatic optical error display - Google Patents

Description

Semi-automatic electrical test device for multi-core cables with automatic visual error display In electrical engineering are in large Extent of moving cables required for making electrical connections. This applies in particular to electronic accounting computing devices controlled by punched cards and the like. B. on the sockets provided control panel with the help the necessary connections are made by moving multiple cables to the To run arithmetic or accounting operations according to a specific program.

These multiple cables are usually manufactured in the Kind that the corresponding number of two, three, four, five or more single wires is summarized in an elastic sleeve made of rubber or plastic to the To make conditions on the control panel clear. It is special here It is important that the individual wires are not interrupted, and also among each other are not interchanged and are mutually sufficiently isolated so that one another there is no conclusion. Especially for the functioning of computing devices, the flawless The condition of the cables is of considerable importance.

As a result, there is an ongoing control that is as economical as possible this electrical, which can be changed by the mechanical stresses during use Properties of the multi-core cable required.

It is known to test multiple cables by checking each one Veins ringing out. This method is dingt a great time and thus cost expenditure, which is all the more important than the number of computing devices used multiple cords is very large.

Compared to this costly manual test method, various more or less automatically working test devices for multi-core Lines suggested. So are test facilities for multiple specialist lines, in particular stationary type, known in telecommunications systems, the individual wires of many smaller Wire groups automatically one after the other for several types of errors (interruption and Line or earth fault) and possibly simultaneously operationally connected Switching devices (lever dial or preselector with control relay) to ensure that they are in perfect working order Check function by removing the individual wires and, if necessary, the connected Switching elements are connected in series with test relays, preferably by the previously effective test relay and the working or non-working the test relay optical display devices for the type and location of the fault or the simultaneous one Control interruption of the test.

Furthermore, a device for automatically successive Testing of a larger number of lines or other two-pole connections, each automatically in succession to two types of errors, namely to interruption by means of a series-connected test relay and for earth fault by means of high voltage and a tube indicator for the earth current, and with a visual display of the type of fault and location is suggested if the exam is interrupted at the same time.

Also is an automatic test facility for multi-pole electrical Networks, in particular electron tubes, are known to have deviations from the nominal values the effective resistances between the individual tube connections by means of a Series connection of an alternating current source and a Wheatstone ash Bridge determined and visually displayed.

The bridge circuits are each with a bridge point at one Tube connection and control in the event of interruption of the heater and electrode connections the optical fault location display via tube bridge branches.

The semi-automatic test device for multi-core cables according to The present invention now makes it possible both in the production control as multi-core more flexible even with ongoing maintenance checks of larger quantities Lines to the automatically successive tests for several types of errors by means of test relays connected in series with the individual wires with automatic optical error display in the absence of a permanent error with practically no loss of time, z. B. Before removing the test item, a manual test for the very unpleasant, so-called wobble errors that only occur temporarily in the event of mechanical stress to connect. This is achieved in the test device according to the invention by that they have a single series connection in the last automatic test step for permanent errors from all line cores and all associated test relays, namely from alternately each of a line core and a test relay produces several types of faults (Interruption, termination) determined simultaneously for all wires, and that these relays control a display device in such a way that this is only temporarily when subsequent mechanical test stress on the cables (e.g. by hand when changing the test object manually) shows occurring errors (loose contact, loose connection). This permanent error display is therefore in the event of short interruptions of any wires through all of the named Series test relay, in the event of brief contact with two wires through one or more this test relay, the windings of which are short-circuited by the wire short-circuit, triggered.

The concept of the invention is illustrated below using a few exemplary embodiments on the basis of drawings, namely on an electrical test facility for already Errors that occurred during cable production, explained in the case of the final Automatic test for short-term errors in the event of manual mechanical test stress consecutive and only if an error is present with an optical error display interrupted tests for permanent interruption, interchangeability and permanent closure precede, and also on a testing facility for wear and tear in use Error in the automatic tests before the test for so-called wobbly errors for permanent insulation faults by means of high voltage as well as permanent interruption.

The exemplary embodiments shown are intended for testing five resp. four-core flexible cables can be set up, however, by appropriate Expansion or restriction or switching of any larger or smaller number of wires be adjusted.

Of the drawings, FIG. I shows a circuit diagram of an inventive Test device for the initial test of multiple lines using mains voltage separate display of all error locations and types of errors, Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a Simplified test facility for surveillance tests using mains voltage simple error display, Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an additional device for additional automatic final test using high voltage for the test device according to Fig. 2, FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of the high-voltage power supply unit for the additional device according to FIG. 3.

The test device particularly suitable for production control with the circuit according to Fig. I leads after plugging in the multiple cable to be tested initially automatically, one after the other, three tests for the following permanent errors of Cores: I. interruption, 2. interchanging and 3. termination, through, provided that not one of these errors is present and the establishment is under maintenance and Display of the respective test status reached is stopped. Runs the device however, if the cable is free of defects, all three test steps fail, the third test status remains, which is also used for the determination of short-term Interruptions and conclusions is suitable during the subsequent mechanical test stress on the cables exist by hand. The test item only becomes a test item if there is no error here either exchanged for the next.

The operation of this test device according to FIG. 1 during the individual test steps is the following: I. Test for continuous interruption by Inserting the cords into the socket pairs I ... 5, the relays RI ... R5 in Series connected with one wire each and contacts A and B mechanically at the same time closed. This energizes relay VR so that contacts VRa are closed and the above-mentioned series connections of the relays RI ... R 5 and the associated Connect wires I ... 5 in parallel to voltage. This will activate the relay via R ... R5c PR energized, whose contacts PRc and PRa are closed. Are all lines in OK, all contacts Rid ... Rsd are opened at the same time, so that not the error relay FR, but the good lamp GL, z. B. green, responds. Are against it If one or more lines are interrupted, the corresponding contacts remain of RId ... R 5 d closed, energize the error relay FR, which is held by FRc and switch off the good lamp GL with FRa. At the same time the excitation is over FRd maintained by VR. This relay switches the error lamp with its contact VRb FL I, e.g. B. red, a. Furthermore, one or more relay contacts remain in the event of a fault Ri b ... Rgb closed, and one or more of the Number lamps L ... L 5, e.g. B. knows, switched on, which is the location of the interruption Show.

The arrangement remains in this state until the error has been eliminated or the cable is removed. If, on the other hand, there is no interruption error, then VR drops out with a delay, since PRd opens and FRd is not closed, and switches with VRc via the other contacts R6d, PR c, VRE 1 a rest side and VRE 2 the relay R 13, which automatically initiates the next test process.

2. Check for interchanging the individual wires The relay R 13 holds himself over R 13 a. At the same time it closes the contacts RI3b and R13c and excited ring. The latter switches the test relay through its contacts RIsb and R 15c R 10 in series with wire 5 connecting the pair of sockets 5. Are their connections If the two connectors are not interchanged, relay R 10 responds and switches off relay R 15 with its contacts RIoa or RIob and RIod its own hold circuit or the next pair of sockets 4 in series with the test relay R 9. This relay responds via the non-swapped connections of wire 4, switches on its own hold circuit via R 9 a and wire 5 together with RIO from and at the same time via Rgb and Rgd the following pair of sockets 3 with the relay R8 in series.

About the correct, d. H. Do not switch connected wires that have been interchanged all test relays RIO to R6 turn on one after the other. In the absence of interchanges Finally, R 6 switches off the previous test relays and conducts the third one automatic test process.

If, on the other hand, there is an exchange, i. H. consists z. B. between the sockets 4 no connection, then Rg does not respond, and the excitation of R 10 remains. Since the relays VRE I via R I3 d, PR via R I3 d and VRE I b as well as FR via R 6 d, PR c and VREIa working side are excited the wire lamp L 4 via R I OC, VREr h and R 4 b and the fault lamp FL2 via R. 6 d, FRC and VREI c switched on, while the good lamp GL switched off by FR a will. This switching state of the test device also remains until it is removed of the cable.

3. Check for permanent short between the wires. Relay R 6 switches Relay VRE 2 via R 6 c, which is itself via the work side of VRE2 a holds. At the same time, R 13 is switched off and thus VRE I is also de-energized, which the contacts R I3 c resp.

Open VRE e and thus de-energize R 6 again.

The now closed contacts VRE 2b are all wire and Socket pairs I ... 5 and the relays RI ... R5 connected in series. For the The case of a short between the first and fifth wire is in the series connection a protective resistor W is also provided. Is there any conclusion between two lines so the relay (s) between them will not be energized. Consequently receive the error relay FR via its d-contact and a VRE2 contact and then The fault lamp FL 3 current via FR c and another VRE2 contact, likewise the associated wire lamp via the b-contact of the relevant test relay, the VREIh contact chain and FRb. If, on the other hand, there is no fault, the OK lamp GL lights up. In both In this case, the relevant (error or good) display and this last test circuit remain persist until the cable is removed.

The test procedures described above for the determination of permanent defects run completely automatically. The time for this permanent error check is up depends on the inertia of the relay and is only a fraction of a second. Everyone Permanent errors are made immediately by the standstill of the test facility in the relevant one Test step noticeable.

In the absence of a permanent fault in the cable to be tested the operator can therefore already immediately, with practically no loss of time after inserting the cable with its mechanical test stress by hand, z. B. by bending back and forth and pulling, begin to determine thereby any temporary errors that occur, namely brief wire interruptions or short circuits between two wires. Occurs during this mechanical stress a temporary wire interruption occurs in the cable, so fall in the still existing Series connection of all wires and test relays R 1 ... R 5 all of these test relays briefly and solve with their d-contacts in the manner already described a permanent error display by the lamp FL3.

The contacts light up only as long as the interruption lasts RIb ... Rsb also all wire lamps LI ... L 5 briefly on.

If, on the other hand, the mechanical test stress is temporary If there is a conclusion between two veins, those between the two veins fall short-circuited test relay briefly and also solve the permanent error display through FL 3. During the end, only those corresponding to these test relays light up Vein lamps on briefly.

After this automatic check for permanent errors and subsequent semi-automatic check for the very unpleasant so-called wobble by removing the tested cable, contacts A and B are opened and thereby the entire test facility de-energized, d. H. returned to the initial state.

For many purposes, especially the ongoing controls of the in use located flexible multiple cable, has a small, simplified embodiment the test device according to FIG. 2 has proven its worth. Since these are to be monitored at intervals If the test items are cables that have already been tested, the interchangeability test can be applied can be dispensed with, and only permanent or temporary checks are required Wire breaks or short circuits between the wires. A summary of these four controls for permanent interruption, permanent closure, wobbling interruption and loose connection is now in a simple manner with that during the third test step the arrangement according to Fig. I existing series test circuit possible. She shows immediately after switching on permanent interruptions and permanent closings or during the immediately mechanical test stress on the cable to be connected, including short-term wobbly interruptions and connections. This test circuit therefore allows the first to be dispensed with two test steps according to FIG. I and then this is a significant simplification compared to this of the device according to FIG. 2. A further simplification results from the omission to a display of the error location and the type of error. This device according to Fig. 2 therefore only shows whether there is an error or whether the test item is free of errors. In the version shown, it is used to test four-core cables, but it can can also be easily adapted to any number of cores.

In order to make the device ready for operation, first the socket pairs a2-c2, c3-c4, c5-c6, a4-a5, a6-a7 and c7-c8 by the connections shown in dashed lines short-circuit. If you plug in the four-wire after applying the mains voltage Put a cord into the test socket pairs I to 4, this mechanically makes the contacts A and B closed. You switch on the relay R 6, which via its contacts R 6 a to R 6 d voltage is applied to the two sockets I and 4 as well as to the relay Rg. The latter switches all four wires of the device cord with its contact R 5 b one behind the other, via the windings 1 of the test relays RI, R2 and R3. Lies no continuous interruption and no continuous circuit before, the windings 1 of the current flowing through said relay. At the same time, the windings are also II of the relays Rr to R3 via the switched contact R 5 a live. Whose The direction of the winding is opposite to that of the windings I, so that in the end effect the relays R 1 to R 3 do not respond. As a result, contacts R 1 remain a to R 3 a open, and the fault relay R 4 is not energized. The good lamp GL lights up and indicates that there is no error. If, on the other hand, there is an error, then so if one or more of the relay windings R 1/1 to R3 / I remain de-energized, compensate so not the windings II of the relay or relays that respond. In this case, the fault relay is activated via one or more of the contacts R 1 a to R 3 a R 4 energizes, which is held by its contact R4a and with R4b the error lamp FL turns on.

If there is no permanent error, then as with the device according to FIG the manual mechanical test stress of the multiple cable connected. Has If they temporarily cause a vein interruption or a termination, then they will be one or more test relay windings I briefly de-energized, so that the respond briefly to the relevant relay via its windings II. This will the persistent error relay is energized and thus the permanent error display continues FL initiated.

For many purposes, the test is with a mains voltage of 110 or 220 V. not sufficient to find insulation faults. Also write the VDE regulations perform a test with increased voltage. For this purpose, as a further embodiment of the inventive concept, a high-voltage auxiliary device according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is provided, which together with the device just described according to FIG. 2, the automatically successive Check every multiple cable for permanent insulation faults between all wire pairs by means of high voltage (of e.g. l2ooVolt) as well as permanent interruption and permanent closure and then the semi-automatic test for loose interruptions and loose ends allowed.

For this combined automatic test with high and mains voltage the short-circuit connections listed in the above description of FIG between the different contacts a and c can be removed again. Instead of this these contacts are to be connected to the correspondingly designated contacts in FIG. 3. A single combination plug is advantageously used for this purpose. The mode of action the combined circuit of FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 is as follows: After connection the power supply line (Fig. 2) by plugging in the multiple cable to be tested into the test socket pairs I. . . 4 again the contacts A and B and thus the following Excitation circuit for relays HPI and HP2 closed: mains (Fig. 2) - socket a 1 (Fig. 3) - contact Sa - parallel relay windings HPI and HP 2 - socket C 2 (Fig. 2) - Contacts A and B - network. The relay HP2 disconnects through its normally closed contacts HP2a. . . HP 2 e the circuits between the sockets c3-c4, c5-c6, a4-a5, a6-a7, c7-c8 on. The HPI relay initiates the high-voltage test via HP a and HPI c.

First the relay N is energized via: socket aI (Fig. 2 and 3) -Sa - HPIa - Xa -Pa winding NI -C 1 (Fig. 2). Next is the high voltage relay HS excited via: al (Fig. 3) -ALa -HPIc and winding HS - cI. The contacts HSa and HSc apply high voltage to the switch arms I and III of a rotary selector. The production the high voltage takes place in a special part of the device, which is shown in FIG and is described below. The high voltage is initially across the contact Pc short-circuited, which equates to a conclusion error that occurs in the amplifier (Fig. 4) the fault relay F is energized.

The energized relay F closes the relay X via its contact Fa at. The relay X has a follow-up contact Xa, c, whose rest side a only opens, after the working side c is already closed. As a result, it holds up Relay N via the holding winding NII in the circuit ar -Sa - HP Ia - Xc - Nb - winding NII - cl. At the same time, the relay P is energized as follows: al -Sa -HPIa -Xc Winding P -cI. The holding winding of the relay P is excited in the following circuit: a 1 - holding winding PH - Ub - Pd -cI. The energized relay P opens the contact Pc, d. that is, the artificial error is eliminated. So the high voltage is on the on the idle contacts o switching arms I and 3 of the rotary selector. In this Circuit, there is a preliminary check of the test device itself up to the contact path of the Rotary selector.

If there is no breakdown, the fault relay F (see Fig. 4), which means that relay X is no longer energized. The relay P still holds, however with its holding winding via Pd; Pa is open, so that relay N also falls off. This opens Nd and the relay HS drops out. Remove as a result the contacts HSa and HSc the high voltage again from the switch arms of the rotary selector. At the same time, the contact HSb switches the rotary selector magnet DW on in the following Circuit: aI -ALa-HSb -Pb - Na - Ua, rest side - winding DW - cl turn the rotary selector to the next switch position 1. Switches at the same time the contact DWa of the rotary selector, the relay U parallel to its winding DW, the thereupon with its contact Ua the magnet DW switches off again and its own Holding circle closes. With its contact Ub it also makes the holding winding of the Relay P de-energized. The relay P drops out and energizes the relay N via contact Pa again, which now initiates the high-voltage test on switching step 1. In this Selector position 1 then apply the high voltage to the switch arms I and III at the test sockets a3 or c5 and thus to wires I and 2 (Fig. 2). Is the isolation between These two cable cores work properly, so flows according to the one already described repeated opening of the contact Pc no unacceptably high insulation current, then falls the fault relay F in turn and initiates the renewed disconnection of the high voltage as well as switching the rotary selector to the next switch position 2. These If all wires are properly insulated, the test processes are repeated until In the present embodiment in selector position 6 all wires with high voltage are checked. In each position of the voter two different high-voltage cable cores are used checked for sufficient isolation or conclusion against each other, namely in voter position I wire I against wire 2, voter position 2 wire I against wire 3, voter position 3 wire I against wire 4, selector position 4 wire 2 against wire 3, selector position 5 wire 2 against Wire 4, selector position 6 wire 3 against wire 4.

If, on the other hand, there is an insulation fault between two wires, then it runs the test process in the relevant voter position as follows: The over the Contact Pa and its winding I responding relay N energizes that with contact Nd Relay HS. As a result, the high voltage is sent to the switching arms I and via HSa and HSc III is switched on, but is initially short-circuited via contact Pc. Thus speaks the fault relay F on, which energizes the relay X via its contact Fa. On the Contact Xc responds to relay P and holds relay N at the same time Fault relay F can despite the removal of the short circuit via the opening Contact Pc does not fall off because the fault continues through the faulty cable. In this case the relay AL responds with a delay via the contacts Pd and Xb, its contacts ALe and ALd switch the buzzer 5 "and the error lamp FL (Fig. 2) a. The open contact ALa prevents the rotary selector from switching DW, d. i.e. the test will not continue.

Rather, you have to remove the faulty cord from the socket pairs I to 4 pull out. This activates the relays by means of contacts A and B (Fig. 2) HP I, HP2 and AL and thus also the error lamp and the buzzer via ALd and ALe switched off again.

Excited at the same time via the voter arm IV, which is still in the test position the contact HPI d the relay P via its winding H, whereby the selector magnet via Pb DW receives power and is moved to the next switch position. The voter switches Via DWa the relay U on, this with Ua the selector magnet DW and with Ub the winding PH again. Pb causes U to drop again and thereupon Ub again to respond to PH. In this way, the relays P and U switch each other and the magnet DW alternately off and on and thus the voter back to its basic position o, in which the circuit for PH is interrupted.

If the automatic insulation test runs correctly, the rotary selector finally advanced from position 6 to position 7, in which The relay S is energized via its switching arm II (Fig. 3). This switches with Relays HPI and HP 2 from his contact Sa and thus terminates the high-voltage test. The rotary selector DW runs in the manner just described in its zero position. Above the contacts HPI b and Sd is now the relay R 6 (Fig. 2) energized, which in the the manner already described with reference to FIG. 2 via its contacts R 6 a to R 6 e initiates the automatic test for continuous interruption with mains voltage. At this also immediately closes the semi-automatic check for wobble interruption and loose connection of wires with mains voltage.

The high voltage part for the insulation test with increased voltage is shown in FIG. The transformer TR is connected to the mains AC voltage, on its secondary side a known multiplier circuit consisting of valves and capacitors. The high voltage is at their terminals HS + and HS- from Z. B.

I200 V is available and is connected to the terminals with the same designation the arrangement of FIG. 3 connected. Between the high voltage terminals HS + and HS- a voltage divider is provided, which consists of the resistors WI and Wg as well as the stabilizer tube SV consists. An amplifier tube is located parallel to the stabilizer tube V, in the anode circuit of which the fault relay F is switched via a limiting resistor W6 is.

The mode of operation of this arrangement is as follows: As long as the high voltage is present at terminals HSf and HS-, d. H. so there is no insulation fault is and therefore no current flows between the high-voltage terminals, is the amplifier tube V blocked, namely by the voltage drop occurring across the resistor WI, the Via the normally currentless resistors W4 and W3 as a reverse voltage on the grid the tube V comes into effect. The screen grid of this tube is given by the stabilizer tube a constant tension. However, if any insulation fault occurs in the test set-up or between the respectively tested two cable cores, then flows between the High-voltage terminals HS- and HS + a current that is applied to the protective resistors W2 and W4 generates a voltage drop. The partial voltage arising at W4 is the on WI I generated reverse voltage in the opposite direction and more or less cancels it. If this voltage drop at W4 is equal to or greater than the reverse voltage, so the tube V is accordingly live. This energizes the fault relay F, and the effects described in connection with FIG. 3 occur.

The dimensioning of the high voltage part is chosen so that the between the terminals HS + and HS- is a maximum of 1 mA and thus is completely harmless if accidentally touched.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS: I. Semi-automatic electrical testing device for multi-core cables with automatic successive tests for several Types of error by means of test relays and connected in series with the individual wires with automatic optical error display, characterized in that it is when last automatic test step for permanent errors off a single series connection all wires (I ... 5 or 1 ... 4) and all associated test relays (RI ... R 5 resp. RI ... R3), namely from alternating one I, line vein and a test relay that produces several types of errors (interruption, termination) determined simultaneously for all cores, and that this relay has a display device (Relay FR resp. R4, lamp FL3 or FL) so that they are only temporary when the cables are subsequently subjected to mechanical testing (e.g. by hand errors (loose contact, loose connection) continuously displays. 2. Arrangement according to claim I, characterized in that with short interruptions any wires (r ... 5) all test relays (RI ... R5), for short contacts each two wires one or more test relays, their windings (RI ... R 5 or RI / I ... R3 / I) are short-circuited, trigger the permanent error display. 3. Arrangement according to claims I and 2, characterized in that that of the automatically successive tests for manufacturing defects the one for wire breaks in a single work step through parallel connection all cores (I ... 5) in series with one test relay (R I... R5) each, the one to swap the wire connections in successive work steps through continuity testing of one wire (1 ... 5) each using a test relay (R 6 ... RIo) a continuous relay chain and the one on wire connection by means of the alternating series connection of all wires (1 ... 5) and the first-mentioned test relays (R .... Es) according to claim I. 4. Arrangement according to claims I and 2, characterized in that that of the automatically successive tests for wear life errors the one for insulation faults in successive work steps by applying of high voltage between each wire (1 ... 4) and all not yet tested Cores (e.g. by means of rotary selector DWI, DIVIl) as well as by displaying excessively high insulation current by means of tube (V) and display element (lamp FL, buzzerS) and that on Wire interruption by means of the alternating series connection of all wires (r ... 4) and all test relays (RI ... R3) according to claim I. Publications considered: German Patent Specifications No. 446 556, 462 157, 639 677; U.S. Patent Nos. 2,434,336, 2,584,680.