DE950028C - Process for the extraction of therapeutically active substances from conifers - Google Patents

Description

Process for the extraction of therapeutically active substances from conifers Ronifer oils, especially the high-boiling components, are used in France in Increasingly used for room disinfection, especially against tubercle bacilli. The effectiveness of the southern hand oils is said to be superior to that of the Nordic countries be.

So far there is no information about an active body in these oils known. The use of these oils in Germany is not only expensive, but depends on imports, which depend on the respective economic situation, because in-house production is very low in Germany.

It was therefore obvious to rely on the German raw material sources on their To investigate effectiveness in order to possibly find an active body in the German softwoods to find.

It has now been found that the domestic softwoods, in particular the spruce, are rich in an active substance that is independent of the turpentine oils Can be obtained and an effective remedy for various tuberculous diseases Represents organs, with beneficial effects on the spleen and liver.

It is a solid chemical compound that has a constant Shows melting point and can be crystallized. The solubility of this Body is cheap, it dissolves in most organic solvents, in particular in alcohol and partly in water.

This ensures a wide range of uses.

As a starting material for the production of these active bodies are suitable the needles and cones or fruits of these conifers, which are present in infinite quantities. Even the wood, especially the root wood, can be extracted, however is the yield is much lower.

A cheap and economical process could be found which enables the desired active body to be recovered in just a few work steps. Green or dried cones and needles, after crushing, become small branches included, in direct extraction with alcohols, hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, Ethers, esters, ketones, preferably with methanol (possibly also with water) exhaustively extracted, whereupon the solvent is partly driven off and out of the A precipitate effective against tuberculosis is obtained in the cold.

If you want to get the pure active body, the extract is complete Evaporated to dryness and with a different solvent than the first time extracted, whereby for the second extraction preferably chlorinated hydrocarbons or Ether come into consideration, whereupon then concentrated and the dablei won The precipitate is recrystallized with alcohol or ethyl acetate.

The second extraction can be done in the cold or in the warm. Recrystallization can also take place from mixtures of alcohol and ethyl acetate.

The yellowish powder of the main extract contains after extraction of the active lung body nor active nerve and liver bodies, which are also characterized by special Solvents can be dissolved out, leaving behind an inorganic residue.

Example I 3000 g of pine needles are refluxed with 5 l of methanol exhaustively extracted. After 2 hours, the mixture is filtered warm and the partially concentrated The filtrate was placed in the refrigerator for some time. There are 165 g of extract substances in this solution solved, that is 5.30 / 0 of the amount used.

The flaky precipitate that fell out in the refrigerator is considered to be the partial yield of the active pulmonary body.

The clear filtrate becomes complete in vacuo at a low bath temperature concentrated to dryness. 150 g of a yellow dry powder are obtained, which in a Soxhlet in the warmth, or better in the cold, by digesting it with chloroform treated for a few hours.

A pale yellow solution is obtained which contains the active body of tuberculosis in contains fairly pure form.

It is again concentrated to dryness in a vacuum and the slightly sticky one dissolves Powder in a mixture of ethanol and ethyl acetate to complete purity.

If you use the same amount of pine cones instead of spruce needles in the green or half-dried state, 6.9 O / M S of extractive substances are obtained. The work-up can be carried out in the same way as with the needles.

Example 2 5 kg of spruce needles are mixed with 7.5 kg of water at 70 to soO digested for 2 hours. The yellowish solution becomes completely dry in a vacuum concentrated, 150 g of residue are obtained. The yellow powder is in the Soxhlet with ether exhaustively extracted. The lung-active body goes into solution, remains in the residue in addition to inorganic components of the nerve and liver active bodies.

Example 3 10000 g of crushed pine needles become exhaustive with acetone extracted. The light yellow solution is again brought to dryness and the dry one Powder extracted with trichlorethylene.

The pulmonary body goes into solution, the nerve body remains undissolved. The active lung body is obtained in solid form by constriction.

It can be further cleaned by dissolving it in ethanol or ethyl acetate and crystallize.

PATENT CLAIM: I. Process for the production of therapeutically effective substances Substances from the constituents of the conifers belonging to the series of conifers, characterized in that especially the needles and seed heads with alcohols, Hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, ketones, preferably exhaustively extracted with methanol, optionally also with water, whereupon the Solvent partly driven off and from the residue in the cold one against Tuberculosis effective precipitation is obtained.

Claims (1)

2. The method according to claim I, characterized in that the extraction takes place in the cold or in the warmth. 3. Modification of the method according to claim I and 2, characterized in that that the extract is completely evaporated to dryness and with a different solvent is extracted than the first time, with chlorinated hydrocarbons being preferred for the second extraction or ether come into consideration, whereupon subsequently concentrated and the thereby gained The precipitate is recrystallized with alcohol or ethyl acetate. Publications considered: Meyers Konversationslexikon I897, p. 299.