DE9302258U1 - Flat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomers - Google Patents
Flat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomersInfo
- Publication number
- DE9302258U1 DE9302258U1 DE9302258U DE9302258U DE9302258U1 DE 9302258 U1 DE9302258 U1 DE 9302258U1 DE 9302258 U DE9302258 U DE 9302258U DE 9302258 U DE9302258 U DE 9302258U DE 9302258 U1 DE9302258 U1 DE 9302258U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- flat
- flat seals
- fibre
- filled elastomers
- flat gaskets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K3/1025—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers characterised by non-chemical features of one or more of its constituents
- C09K3/1028—Fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
- F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
- F16J15/12—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering
- F16J15/121—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement
- F16J15/122—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing with metal reinforcement or covering with metal reinforcement generally parallel to the surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2003/1034—Materials or components characterised by specific properties
- C09K2003/1053—Elastomeric materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/02—Inorganic compounds
- C09K2200/0278—Fibres
- C09K2200/0282—Carbon fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0607—Rubber or rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0615—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09K2200/0635—Halogen-containing polymers, e.g. PVC
- C09K2200/0637—Fluoro-containing polymers, e.g. PTFE
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2200/00—Chemical nature of materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2200/06—Macromolecular organic compounds, e.g. prepolymers
- C09K2200/0692—Fibres
- C09K2200/0695—Polyamide fibres
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
Description
Flachdichtungen auf Basis fasergefüllter ElastomereFlat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomers
Die Neuerung betrifft Flachdichtungen auf Basis fasergefüllter Elastomere.The innovation concerns flat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomers.
Flachdichtungen auf Basis fasergefüllter Elastomere haben einen weiten Einsatzbereich, denn diese sogenannten Weichstoffdichtungen können für geringe bis sehr hohe Flächenpressungswerte ausgelegt werden, sind thermisch bis über 100° belastbar und sind, je nach Art des verwendeten elastomeren Matrixmaterials relativ beständig gegen chemische Einflüsse. Der Haupteinsatzbereich liegt im chemischen Apparatebau, beim Gasleitungs- und Rohrleitungsbau sowie in der Schiffahrt.Flat seals based on fiber-filled elastomers have a wide range of applications, because these so-called soft material seals can be designed for low to very high surface pressure values, can withstand thermal loads of up to 100° and, depending on the type of elastomer matrix material used, are relatively resistant to chemical influences. The main area of application is in chemical equipment construction, gas pipeline and piping construction, and in shipping.
Wichtig bei der Verwendung solcher Flachdichtungen ist natürlich deren Leckagefreiheit, bei der Prüfung nach DIN 3535 Teil 6 beträgt die Gasdurchlässigkeit etwa 0,01 cm3 min"-'·. Diese Gasdurchlässigkeitswerte sind allerdings nicht für alle Anwendungszwecke hinreichend, so daß noch ein Bedürfnis nach hochgradig flüssigkeits- und gasdichten Flachdichtungen besteht.When using such flat gaskets, it is of course important that they are leak-free; when tested according to DIN 3535 Part 6, the gas permeability is approximately 0.01 cm 3 min"-'·. However, these gas permeability values are not sufficient for all applications, so that there is still a need for highly liquid- and gas-tight flat gaskets.
Zur Lösung der Aufgabe werden Flachdichtungen auf Basis fasergefüllter Elastomere vorgeschlagen, die dadurch gekennzeichnet sind, daß das Dichtungsmaterial mit auf der Ober- und Unterseite versetzten sinuswellenförmigen Rillenprofilen vorverpreßt ist.To solve the problem, flat seals based on fiber-filled elastomers are proposed, which are characterized in that the sealing material is pre-pressed with sinusoidal wave-shaped groove profiles offset on the top and bottom sides.
überraschenderweise hat sich jetzt herausgestellt, daß sich die Dichtigkeit- bzw. Leckagewerte bei Flachdichtungen auf Basis fasergefüllter Elastomere wesentlich verbessern lassen, wenn das Dichtungsmaterial nach dem Zuschnitt vorverpreßt wird, so daß sich insgesamt ein sinuswellenförmiges Rillenprofil ergibt, da Wellenberg und Wellental auf der Ober- bzw. Unterfläche um etwa den Betrag A/2 versetzt sind.Surprisingly, it has now been found that the tightness and leakage values of flat seals based on fiber-filled elastomers can be significantly improved if the sealing material is pre-pressed after cutting, so that an overall sinusoidal wave-shaped groove profile is obtained, since the wave crest and wave trough on the upper and lower surfaces are offset by approximately the amount A/2.
Die Herstellung solcher Dichtungen erfolgt, indem das Dichtungsmaterial nach dem Zuschnitt mit einem speziellen Preßwerkzeug unter hohem Durck vorverformt wird, so daß sich auf der Ober- und Unterseite gegeneinander versetzte Rillen bilden, die insgesamt ein sinuswellenförmiges Profil für die Dichtung ergeben. Die Dicke des Dichtungsmaterials nimmt dabei etwa um 10-15% ab, trotzdem verlieren die Dichtungen durch die Vorverformung aber nicht ihre Kompressibilität, die zum Ausgleich von Unebenheiten auf den Dichtflächen benötigt wird.Such seals are manufactured by pre-forming the sealing material after cutting it to size using a special pressing tool under high pressure, so that offset grooves form on the top and bottom, which overall create a sine wave-shaped profile for the seal. The thickness of the sealing material decreases by around 10-15%, but the seals do not lose their compressibility due to the pre-forming, which is needed to compensate for unevenness on the sealing surfaces.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Flachdichtungen können, falls erwünscht, mit einer Metalleinlage aus einem Streckmetall versehen sein, beispielsweise aus Stahl. Eine solche Metalleinlage stört die Vorverformung der Dichtung nicht, aber sie verbessert unter bestimmten Bedinungen die Handhabbarkeit und Formstabilität der Dichtung. Ebenso ist es möglich, daß der Rand am Innendurchmesser der in der Regel ringförmigen Dichtungen mit einer Metallblechbördelung versehen wird.The flat seals according to the invention can, if desired, be provided with a metal insert made of expanded metal, for example made of steel. Such a metal insert does not interfere with the pre-deformation of the seal, but under certain conditions it improves the handling and dimensional stability of the seal. It is also possible for the edge on the inner diameter of the seals, which are usually ring-shaped, to be provided with a metal sheet flange.
Die neuerungsgemäßen Dichtungen sind in der Regel ringförmig ausgestaltet, aber es ist auch möglich, je nach geplanten Anwendungszwecken elliptische, quadratische oder anders gestaltete Dichtungen herzustellen.The seals according to the new design are usually ring-shaped, but it is also possible to produce elliptical, square or other shaped seals depending on the intended application.
Das für die Dichtungen eingesetzte Elastomermaterial kann aus unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen bestehen, vorzugsweise werden SBR- oder NBR-Kautschuke oder PTFE benutzt, da diese eine gewisse thermische Belastbarkeit und für die meisten Fälle eine hinreichende Resistenz gegen chemische Einflüsse aufweisen. Das Faserfüllmaterial kann ebenfalls unterschiedlich sein, besteht aber für die häufigsten Anwendungszwecke aus relativ inertem Material wie Kohle- oder Aramidfasern. Bei Aramiden handelt es sich um aromatische Polyamide, die daneben teilweise Imidstrukturen aufweisen.The elastomer material used for the seals can consist of different plastics, preferably SBR or NBR rubber or PTFE, as these have a certain thermal resilience and, in most cases, sufficient resistance to chemical influences. The fiber filling material can also be different, but for the most common applications it consists of relatively inert material such as carbon or aramid fibers. Aramids are aromatic polyamides, some of which also have imide structures.
Untersuchungen der Universität Karlsruhe haben ergeben, daß die neuerungsgemäßen Flachdichtungen bei der Prüfung der Gasdurchlässigkeit nach DIN 3535 Teil 6 eine etwa um den Faktor 10 höhere Leckagedichte als normale unverpreßte Flachdichtungen des selben Typs aufweisen.Investigations by the University of Karlsruhe have shown that the new flat gaskets have a leakage density that is approximately 10 times higher than normal unpressed flat gaskets of the same type when tested for gas permeability according to DIN 3535 Part 6.
Im folgenden wird die Neuerung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert: The innovation is explained in more detail below using the drawing:
Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Querschnitt durch eine neuerungsgemäße ringförmige Dichtung mit Metalleinlage.The drawing shows a cross-section through an innovative ring-shaped seal with metal insert.
Der Metallträger 1 ist auf seiner Ober- und Unterseite jeweils mit einer fasergefüllten Elastomerschicht 2a bzw. 2b bedeckt.
Diese Sandwichstruktur wird aufgrund der Vorverpressung mit in etwa sinuswellenförmigen Rillen 3a bzw. 3b versehen, die
von außen betrachtet auf der Ober- bzw. Unterfläche etwa um den Betrag &lgr;/2 gegeneinander versetzt sind. Gegebenenfalls
kann die Dichtung am Innenrand mit einer Metallbördelung 4
versehen sein.The metal carrier 1 is covered on its top and bottom with a fiber-filled elastomer layer 2a and 2b respectively. Due to the pre-pressing, this sandwich structure is provided with approximately sinusoidal wave-shaped grooves 3a and 3b, which, viewed from the outside, are offset from one another on the top and bottom surfaces by approximately the amount λ/2. If necessary, the seal can be provided on the inner edge with a metal flange 4
be provided.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9302258U DE9302258U1 (en) | 1993-02-17 | 1993-02-17 | Flat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9302258U DE9302258U1 (en) | 1993-02-17 | 1993-02-17 | Flat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE9302258U1 true DE9302258U1 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
Family
ID=6889498
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9302258U Expired - Lifetime DE9302258U1 (en) | 1993-02-17 | 1993-02-17 | Flat gaskets based on fibre-filled elastomers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE9302258U1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202016106105U1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-02-01 | Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh | Hydraulic system control plate, hydraulic control system and transmission |
-
1993
- 1993-02-17 DE DE9302258U patent/DE9302258U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202016106105U1 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-02-01 | Reinz-Dichtungs-Gmbh | Hydraulic system control plate, hydraulic control system and transmission |
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