DE908905C - Process for the production of artificial threads or fibers from vegetable protein optionally mixed with milk casein, especially soy casein - Google Patents

Description

(WiGBl. P. 175)

ISSUED APRIL 12, 1954

F354 IVc 129b

especially soy casein

The invention relates to the production of artificial threads or fibers from vegetable proteins, especially soy casein, which can be mixed with milk casein.

It has been proposed to make soy casein fibers. This known method exists in that a solution of soy casein in alkali in an optionally an organic Acid bath containing coagulants such as alcohol, formaldehyde and acetone is precipitated. at This process is not given any further details about the aftertreatment of the coagulated threads solely to achieve waterproof, soft and resilient, i.e. for the textile industry usable threads is necessary.

According to the invention, the acidic baths containing soluble salts are now coagulated Threads hardened with formaldehyde solutions, to which one or more to prevent thread damage several soluble salts have been added.

Such salts are soluble alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and aluminum salts, e.g. B. Sulphates, chlorides, formates, acetates, lactates and nitrates are possible. The salts must be neutral or be pissed off; alkaline reacting salts are excluded, as they are depending on the degree of alkalinity

Would cause loosening or damage to the threads; small amounts of alkaline reactants Salts can, however, optionally be used if they only serve to improve the properties of to neutralize the threads from the precipitation bath in the formaldehyde salt solution introduced acid.

The amount of salt to be added to the formaldehyde solution can vary within wide limits depends on the degree of swelling of the threads,

ίο that you want to achieve, the amount has to be like that be measured so that thread swelling is avoided. The amount of salt to be used can be easily determined by experiment. In general, it is preferable to use large amounts of salt, as can also be seen from the following examples.

The hardening of the threads with formaldehyde salt solutions can be a washing and / or a Deswelling of the threads with the above-mentioned salt solutions that are free of formaldehyde for this purpose be sent ahead. The aftertreatments can also be subjected to threads united to form an endless ribbon In such a case, the string of threads is continuously drawn through the salt solutions that the threads can produce cut into fibers at any stage of the aftertreatment and then further hardened will.

Working examples

i. 50 kg soy casein and 50 kg milk casein are mixed, swollen in water and then dissolved using 20 1 sodium hydroxide solution of 35 ⁰ Be, whereupon the solution is made up to 500 1. The solution is filtered several times and, after maturation, spun into a bath containing 90 g of sulfuric acid and 350 g of sodium sulfate per liter. The threads coming out of the coagulation bath are then combined into a continuous band and passed through the following baths under strong tension:

a) by a containing 200 g of sodium chloride per liter aqueous salt bath,

b) by an aqueous salt bath containing 150 g of sodium chloride, 200 g of aluminum sulfate, 50 g of aluminum paste with 10% Al ₂ O _{3 for each liter,}

c) by an aqueous salt bath of the composition according to b), but with the addition of 30 to 40 g 100% formaldehyde per liter;

d) the threads, now cut to the desired length, are then placed in the autoclave 7 hours in one of 90 g aluminum sulfate, 220 g sodium chloride, 40 g 100% formaldehyde treated per liter of existing aqueous bath;

e) the insolubilized fibers are washed out and finally with an aqueous solution treated containing 4 g of monosodium phosphate per liter of bath; then they are washed again and dried.

Temperature: 35 to 40 ° bath for a), 50 to 55 ° Bad b) and bathroom c) 70 to 75 ⁰ Bad d) and 35 to 40 ⁰ Bad e).

You can also work at low temperatures, but in order to give the fibers a greater resistance To impart against boiling dye baths, the fibers are then in at least one Formaldehyde bath at higher temperatures, e.g. B. 70 to 75 ° treated.

2. The procedure is as in Example 1: after bath b), however, the threads are cut and collected in a container containing bath c), in which they are treated for ^{3 to 4 hours at 35 to 40 01;} The threads are then treated in bath d) at 70 to 75 ° for 5 to 7 hours, and finally they are treated after bath e).

3. The coagulated threads will:

a) 5 immersed to 7 hours at 35 to 40 ⁰ in a liter of solution per 180 g sodium chloride, 160 g of aluminum sulfate, 30 to 40 g ioo ° / oiges formaldehyde-containing aqueous bath, then to be thrown off the fibers

b) 7 to 9 hours at 70 to 75 ⁰ in a bath containing 220 g sodium chloride, 90 g aluminum sulfate, 40 g 100% formaldehyde per liter solution, then they are washed and treated with 5 g monopotassium phosphate per liter bath, then washed and dried again.

After each work measure, alkali is added to baths a) and b) in order to reduce the amount in the baths neutralize introduced acid.

4. The procedure according to Examples 1, 2 and 3, but with the washing, deswelling and Hardening baths partially or completely through the aluminum sulfate and / or the sodium chloride other soluble neutral or acidic salts are replaced, which under the alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and aluminum salts are to be selected.

With the fibers, which consist only of soy casein, you work in the same way as with the with Milk casein mixed fibers.

Claims (5)

PATENT APPLICATION BOOK: ι. Method of making artificial Fibers or threads made from vegetable protein optionally mixed with milk casein, especially Soy casein, by spinning the alkaline protein solutions in acid, soluble salts containing coagulation baths, characterized in that the threads after coagulation can be aftertreated in one bath or in several baths that have one or more neutral or contain acidic aluminum and / or alkali or alkaline earth or ammonium salts, wherein the first salt bath and / or at least one of the subsequent salt baths Formaldehyde is added and optionally stack cutting at any stage of post-treatment or after drying he follows. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the one from the coagulation bath coming threads united into a continuous band and under more or less strong Voltage drawn at least by a salt solution optionally containing formaldehyde will. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the temperature of at least one of the aftertreatment baths is above 25 °, preferably at 70 ¹⁰ '. 4. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the filaments hardened at low temperature with 70 ⁰ hot formaldehyde solutions, which can also be salt-free, are aftertreated. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hardened Threads can still be treated with solutions of water-soluble phosphates. © 5904 4.