DE879275C - Process for gasifying or degassing and gasifying fuels - Google Patents

Description

Process for gasifying or degassing and gasifying fuels The invention relates to a vertical furnace for gasifying fuels, optionally with a previous degassing in the same furnace in which the fuel is steady sinks and in which the flushing agent is passed through the fuel in an overflow, the furnace chamber advantageously having an elongated rectangular horizontal cross-section has and the introduction of the flushing or gasifying agent on one long side of the Oven, on the opposite long side the evacuation of the generated gases takes place. In ovens of this type, the heating of the goods takes place indirectly, preferably by gas heating, in some cases directly, by making the flushing agent oxygen carrier contains or is appropriately preheated before it is introduced into the fuel. In such a furnace operation, there are levels of the same temperature, which extend from the upper end of the inlet wall to the lower end of the outlet wall of the gas. The flushing or gasifying agent entering the lower part of the furnace thus applies on fuel layers, the carbon of which has already been largely burned out and which are at high temperature. So in the lower part of the furnace this will be Rinsing or gasifying agent is heated considerably, whereby it reacts with still unused Fuel arrives. In the upper part of the oven the detergent must be used a considerable amount Temperature because it reacts immediately after entering the furnace comes.

According to the invention, these ratios are particularly economical Heat consumption of the furnace exploited by the flushing or gasifying agent, which is fed to the upper part of the furnace, a significantly higher preheating than that Rinsing or gasifying agent granted that is the lower part of the Furnace is fed. The inlet temperature therefore increases in the vertical direction of the flushing or gasifying agent from top to bottom. The upper part of the Rinsing or gasifying agent supplied to the furnace flows through it after its reaction the hot fuel, if it is only heated on one side from the gas supply wall becomes, colder fuel layers, in which it is cooled considerably before it reaches the gas exhaust. This results in a relatively low temperature the total withdrawn gas, d. H. a small loss of heat through the sensible Gas heat.

In the lower part of the oven, the significantly colder rinsing or gasification means the already consumed highly heated fuel on which the gas is heated, substantially cooled, so that the mean temperature of the discharged Good lies very low and also due to the sensible warmth of the combustion residue there is only a lower loss of heat.

The basic idea of the invention can be carried out in various ways depending on the way in which the flushing or gasifying agent is preheated he follows.

Finds the heating of the flushing or gasifying agent in the way instead of this being brought into an indirect heat exchange with the exhaust gases of the indirect furnace heating is, there is a particularly simple construction in that by the Recuperator the exhaust gases are led in a falling direction, so that the temperature the recuperator decreases from top to bottom; if the flushing or gasifying agent, which is to be preheated, pulls horizontally through the recuperator, naturally, it is heated more strongly at the top than at the bottom. You can do the rinsing or introduce gasification agent into the lower part of the recuperator, in this let it rise and branch off towards the furnace chamber; that in the lower part of the chamber Incoming flushing or gasifying agents take a shorter route within the recuperator back and comes only with already more strongly cooled burned gases in indirect Heat exchange, while the means introduced in the higher part of the chamber describes a longer path in the recuperator and with hotter burned gases comes into indirect heat exchange.

In the drawing are two embodiments of ovens for implementation of the method according to the invention, namely Fig. i is a vertical one Section through the furnace chamber and a part of the recuperator through which the exhaust gases flow; Fig. 2 is a vertical section parallel to that of Fig. I through one of the The recuperator part flowed through the flushing or gasifying agent in the case of one furnace shape; Fig. 3 is a corresponding section through a different furnace shape. -io is the vertical one Oven chamber, in which the flushing and gasifying agent after sufficient preheating is inserted on one long side, while on the opposite Side is a wall i i, through the obliquely rising openings 12 the at the purging or gasification resulting gas enters the gas collection chamber 13, from from which it is deducted in the template i ¢. Change perpendicular to the drawing plane. Recuperator parts from that for heating the recuperator and for preheating the flushing or gasifying agent to serve. Flue gases from the indirect furnace heating are introduced at 15 and flow down in vertical shafts 16 to get into the flue 17.

With the recuperator arrangement in Fig. 2, the flushing fluid to be preheated is or gasification agent introduced from below into the vertical channels 18, which are connected at the upper end to horizontal ducts which lead into the furnace chamber io lead. As the burnt gases falling in the shafts 16 gradually increase Lose heat, the warming up of the detergent in the upper part is greater than at the bottom. The temperature to which the flushing or gasifying agent warms up is, so decreases from the upper horizontal channels i g downwards.

The same effect is also found in the recuperator arrangement Fig. 3 instead, in which the flushing or gasifying agent in a vertical distribution channel 2o is introduced from below, from which it is fed through horizontal channels 21 into the furnace reaches: Here, too, the preheating temperature of the flushing or gasifying agent increases from top to bottom.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Method for gasifying or degassing and gasifying fuels in vertical furnaces of preferably elongated rectangular horizontal cross-section by cross-flow flushing, characterized in that the flushing or gasifying agent introduced into the upper furnace part is preheated more strongly than that introduced into the lower part. 2. Oven to carry out the procedure according to claim i with recuperative heat exchange between the exhaust gases of the indirect ones Oven heating and the rinsing or. Gasification agent, characterized by an education of the recuperator, in which it is separated from the exhaust gases in the downward direction and from the flushing or gasification agent is flowed through in the horizontal direction, the upper one Rinsing or gasifying agent flowing through the recuperator part to the upper part of the furnace, which flows through the lower recuperator part is fed to the lower furnace part. 3. Furnace for performing the method according to claim i with recuperative heat exchange between the exhaust gases of the indirect Furnace heating and the rinsing or gasification means, characterized by a design of the recuperator through which the exhaust gases flow in a falling direction, while the flushing or gasification agent is introduced into it below and discharged from it to the side, the flushing or gasifying agent to be supplied in the recuperator covers a shorter distance than that to be fed to the upper part of the furnace.