DE865318C

DE865318C - Fresh soil for growing mushrooms

Info

Publication number: DE865318C
Application number: DEP3431A
Authority: DE
Inventors: Erich Pabst
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1950-09-19
Filing date: 1950-09-19
Publication date: 1953-02-02

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Nährboden zum Züchten von Champignons. Bisher erfolgte das Züchten von Champignons auf dem Dünger von Pferden oder Eseln als Nährunterlage für den Pilzanbau. Es wird jedoch immer schwieriger, den erforderlichen Pferdedünger in der benötigten Menge und Qualität zu beschaffen. Selbst wenn dies möglich wäre, ist die Behandlung des Pferdedüngers und seine Zubereitung schwierig, zeitraubend und kostspielig. Auch lassen sich Rückschläge trotz sorgfältiger Vorbereitung und Zubereitung des Düngers aus noch nicht geklärten Gründen vielfach nicht vermeiden.The invention relates to a nutrient medium for growing of mushrooms. So far, mushrooms have been grown on the manure of horses or Donkeys as a nutrient base for growing mushrooms. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to get the required horse manure to procure in the required quantity and quality. Even if this were possible, treatment is of horse manure and its preparation are difficult, time consuming and costly. Let too Setbacks have not yet been resolved despite careful preparation and preparation of the fertilizer In many cases, reasons cannot be avoided.

Es sind bereits Versuche gemacht worden, die Pilze auch auf anderen Kompostarten zu züchten, jedoch hat es sich hierbei um Anbauversuche gehandelt, die mehr oder weniger zufällig zu Erfolgen führten, die aber meistens versagten, wenn man die angegebenen Methoden nacharbeiten will, da die Verfahren nicht hinreichend ausgearbeitet und geprüft sind.Attempts have already been made to grow the mushrooms on other types of compost, however it was a matter of cultivation attempts that more or less accidentally led to successes but mostly failed if you want to rework the specified methods, because the procedures do not are adequately elaborated and checked.

Es ist daher die allgemeine Auffassung im Kreise der Champignonzüchter, daß für eine wirtschaftliche Champignonzucht nur strohreicher Pferdedünger in Betracht kommt.It is therefore the general opinion among mushroom growers that for an economic Only straw-rich horse manure comes into consideration when cultivating mushrooms.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Nährboden zum Züchten von Champignons zu schaffen, welcher bei Vermeidung von Pferdedünger eine wirtschaftliche sichere Champignonzucht ermöglicht.The invention is based on the object of creating a nutrient medium for growing mushrooms, which enables economical and safe mushroom cultivation by avoiding horse manure.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird für die Champignonzucht ein Nährboden verwendet, der auf der Basis von Cellulose oder cellulosehaltigen Stoffen aufgebaut ist, die mit Abwasser aus der Stärkefabrikation, sogenannter Kornlauge, versetzt sind. Als cellulosehaltige Stoffe kommen z. B. Stroh, Dreschabfälle (Kaff), Sägemehl, Hobelspäne od. dgl. in Frage.According to the invention, a nutrient medium is used for mushroom cultivation, which is based on Cellulose or cellulose-containing substances is built up with wastewater from starch production, so-called Corn liquor, are added. As cellulosic substances come z. B. Straw, threshing waste (dump), sawdust, Wood shavings or the like in question.

Claims

Oat shells have proven to be a particularly good basis, as they are incurred as little usable waste in oat flake production. However, the waste water can also thickened state, for example, thickened up to 55 ° / ₀ of dry matter or as dry matter, come to use. If the wastewater is used in the form of a thickened lye or if it is obtained as a dry substance, it must first be diluted.

The solution is preferably allowed to ferment and the cellulose or the cellulose-containing substances are impregnated with this solution. Mineral fertilizers such as lime, potash, phosphoric acid, superphosphate or the like must also be added to the mixture. This mass prepared in this way is formed into beds in the usual way and inoculated with mushroom spawn. 20th

Embodiment

Cellulosic substances, e.g. B. Oat shells, sawdust or the like, are soaked up to 100% with corn liquor, which is diluted about the following analysis values contains:

Water 97.72%, dry matter 2.28 ° / _0, Organic substance 1.82 ° / _0, minerals 0.46%, nitrogen (total) 0.19 ° / _0, protein (NX 6.25) 1.19 %, 0.02% amino nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen 0.03%, free acid 7 cc n / i NaOH per 100 cc, ρκ 5, sugar detectable (less than 0.5 ° / _0), traces of potassium; Sodium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, chloride, sulfate, phosphate. In addition, up to 6% Ca, up to 4% NH ₄ NO ₃ H- (NHJ ₂ SO ₄ , up to 3% MgSO ₄

35 + 2 KCl -f 3 H ₂ O, to 6% CaH ₄ (PO ₄ ) ^ added.

The nutrient medium according to the invention does not need

to be prepared by each grower himself, but rather can be factory made and placed on the market, making another essential Simplification compared to the previous use of horse manure is achieved.

The method according to the invention offers mainly compared to the previously used method the following advantages: The one required for horse manure awkward, time-consuming and costly preparation and preparation of the fertilizer comes in Elimination. As soon as the consignment of substrate arrives, it can be packed in beds after being loosened up well.

This saves around 3 to 4 weeks of time. The plant cer beds can be three times a year, while it was previously only possible twice.

The forming of the beds is much faster and easier, as is the brood pecking, so that a considerable saving of time and money is also achieved here.

Diseases are prevented to the greatest possible extent, since the breeding ground according to the invention is more sterile than horse manure. The bed temperature remains higher than the room temperature for weeks, so that rapid growth of the brood is guaranteed even in cold rooms.

The regulation of the water balance is to a large extent Measures guaranteed, since the addition of moisture (water) is harmless at all times larger amounts are possible, which is known not to be the case with horse manure.

Failures, i.e. bad harvests, are impossible, as far as they are conditioned by the nutrient medium.

The average yields per square meter of bed area are significantly higher than with horse manure, they will also be much more secure achieved.

The raw materials for the nutrient medium are always available in sufficient quantities and are very economical Prices available. Finally, the invention enables mushrooms to be grown under certain circumstances and in rooms in which this was previously not possible, e.g. B. because of the odor nuisance.

Pate ν ta ν s pp. C c η ε:

ι. Nutrient medium for growing mushrooms, characterized in that it is made of cellulose or cellulosic substances, e.g. B. straw, threshing waste, sawdust, wood shavings or the like, consists, which are mixed with wastewater from starch production (so-called corn liquor).

2. Nutrient medium according to claim 1, characterized in that that he as a cellulosic substance go oat shells, especially mixed with sawdust, contains.

3. Nutrient medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is known per se mineral Fertilizers such as lime, potash, phosphoric acid, superphosphate or the like. Contains.