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DE854502C - Process for the production of durable formaldehyde solutions - Google Patents

Process for the production of durable formaldehyde solutions

Info

Publication number
DE854502C
DE854502C DED6316D DED0006316D DE854502C DE 854502 C DE854502 C DE 854502C DE D6316 D DED6316 D DE D6316D DE D0006316 D DED0006316 D DE D0006316D DE 854502 C DE854502 C DE 854502C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
formaldehyde
water
polymers
basic
formaldehyde solutions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DED6316D
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wendelin Schmaeche
Paul Dr Steinfuehr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Degussa GmbH filed Critical Degussa GmbH
Priority to DED6316D priority Critical patent/DE854502C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE854502C publication Critical patent/DE854502C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/51Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition
    • C07C45/55Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition of oligo- or polymeric oxo-compounds

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von haltbaren Formaldehydlösungen Bekanntlich besitzen die festen Polymere des Formaldehyds, wie der Paraformaldehyd des Handels, nur eine unwesentliche Löslichkeit in Wasser, selbst bei höheren Temperaturen. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, daB Paraformaldehyd in Wasser bei Gegenwart basisch wirkender Verbindungen wesentlich leichter löslich ist. Man hat hierfür als Zusätze u. a. auch Mengen um 0,2" " vorgeschlagen. Doch bilden derart erhaltene Lösungen nach längerem Stehen wieder Ausscheidungen.Process for the preparation of durable formaldehyde solutions is known have the solid polymers of formaldehyde, such as the paraformaldehyde of the trade, only insignificant solubility in water, even at higher temperatures. It it is also known that paraformaldehyde has a basic effect in the presence of water Compounds is much more soluble. One has for this as additives inter alia. also suggested amounts around 0.2 "". But reproduce solutions obtained in this way prolonged standing again excretions.

Es wurde nunmehr gefunden, daBman Formaldehydpolymere in vorteilhafter Weise in haltbare wäßrige Formaldehvdlösungen überführen kann, wenn man diese in Gegenwart von Wasser mit alkalisch bzw. basisch wirkenden Stoffen in Mengen von weniger als o,o5 % behandelt. An Stelle von Wasser kann man auch andere Sauerstoff- bzw. Hydroxylgruppen enthaltende Verbindungen, wie Methylalkohol, Äthylalkohol, Aceton oder auch Gemische derselben, unter sich bzw. mit Wasser verwenden. Zur Durchführung des vorliegenden Verfahrens genügt es, feste Polymere des Formaldehyds, wie Paraformaldehyd, Trioxymethylen od. dgl. mit der entsprechenden Menge Wasser bzw. mit den angeführten Lösungsmitteln zusammenzubringen, welche basisch wirkende Stoffe gelöst oder in Suspension enthalten, wie u. a. Natron- oder Kalilauge, Trimethylamin, Triäthanolamin, Bariumhydroxyd, Calciumhydroxyd, Magnesiumhydroxyd, Zinkhydroxyd u. dgl. Sofern die basisch wirkenden Stoffe sich in Suspension befinden, können sie nach Beendigung des Lösungsvorganges aus der klaren Formaldehydlösung wieder abgetrennt werden. Die Konzentration der basisch wirkenden Stoffe kann im übrigen beliebig gewählt werden. Wesentlich ist nur, daß diese Konzentration niedriger als 0,05 "/", bezogen auf die fertige Formaldehydlösung, beträgt. Dabei kann man die Konzentration vorteilhaft niedriger bis herunter auf 0,01'/" und weniger halten.It has now been found that formaldehyde polymers can advantageously be converted into durable aqueous formaldehyde solutions if they are treated in the presence of water with alkaline or basic substances in amounts of less than 0.05%. Instead of water, other compounds containing oxygen or hydroxyl groups, such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, acetone or mixtures thereof, can also be used with one another or with water. To carry out the present process, it is sufficient to combine solid formaldehyde polymers such as paraformaldehyde, trioxymethylene or the like with the appropriate amount of water or with the solvents listed, which contain basic substances dissolved or in suspension, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide solution , Trimethylamine, triethanolamine, barium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, etc. If the basic substances are in suspension, they can be separated from the clear formaldehyde solution after the dissolution process has ended. The concentration of the basic substances can also be selected as desired. It is only essential that this concentration is less than 0.05 "/", based on the finished formaldehyde solution. The concentration can advantageously be kept lower down to 0.01 '/ "and less.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführung des Verfahrens wählt man als basisch wirkende Stoffe solche, welche bezüglich der Hydroxylionenkonzentration eine puffernde Wirkung ausüben, wie alkalisch wirkende Phosphate oder auch Carbonate, Borate, Alkaliacetate u. dgl.After executing the process further, one chooses as basic Active substances those which have a buffering effect on the hydroxyl ion concentration Have an effect, such as alkaline phosphates or carbonates, borates, alkali acetates and the like

Wenn man die festen Formaldehydpolymere mit vorteilhaft warmem Wasser und geringen Mengen von alkalisch wirkenden Stoffen behandelt, so genügt es, diese Stoffe unter gelegentlichem Umrühren stehenzulassen, und man erhält dann im allgemeinen nach wenigen Stunden eine völlig oder nahezu völlige Lösung von Formaldehyd. Je nach der Menge von anzuwendenden Lösungsmitteln, wie z. B. Wasser, kann man auf diese Weise Formaldehydlösungen beliebiger Konzentration, vor allem auch handelsüblicher Konzentration, herstellen.When treating the solid formaldehyde polymers with advantageously warm water and small amounts of alkaline substances are treated, it is sufficient to use them Allowing substances to stand with occasional stirring, and one then generally obtains after a few hours a complete or almost complete solution of formaldehyde. Ever according to the amount of solvents to be used, such as. B. water, you can on In this way, formaldehyde solutions of any concentration, especially commercially available ones Concentration, establish.

Das vorliegende Verfahren war keineswegs naheliegend. Bekanntlich enthalten die festen Polymere des Formaldehyds Ameisensäure, die teils von der Herstellung herstammt, teils sich auch beim Lagern nachgebildet hat. Wenn man nun so geringe Mengen alkalisch wirkender Stoffe zusetzt, so war zu erwarten, daß hierbei diese geringen Mengen alkalisch wirkender Stoffe durch den Ameisensäuregehalt unter Bildung von Formiaten neutralisiert und damit unwirksam gemacht würden, und es ist erwiesen, daß Salze der Ameisensäure oder ähnlicher starker Säuren nicht imstande sind, den erfindungsgemäßen Effekt auszulösen. Die bei oben beschriebener Erfindung sich abspielenden Vorgänge sind noch nicht geklärt. Man kann jedoch annehmen, daß die geringen Mengen alkalisch wirkender Stoffe mit den festen Polymeren sorptiv in Verbindung treten und somit den Lösungsvorgang der Polymere bewirken oder einleiten und erst nachträglich durch die gleichzeitig anwesenden Mengen Ameisensäure abgestumpft werden. Da erfindungsgemäß nur sehr geringe Mengen an alkalisch wirkenden Stoffen erforderlich sind, so erübrigt es sich, in den meisten Fällen die Fremdstoffe abzutrennen. Erfindungsgemäß hergestellte Lösungen sind praktisch reine Formaldehydlösungen und können unmittelbar weiteren Verwendungszwecken zugeführt werden. Beispiel Als Ausgangsmaterial wurde fester Paraformaldehyd des Handels mit einem Gehalt von 96,5 "/" CH, O verwendet. Dieser Paraformaldehyd löst sich beim Behandeln mit kaltem Wasser praktisch überhaupt nicht; beim längeren Behandeln mit heißem Wasser nur etwa 18 °/".The present proceedings were by no means obvious. It is well known that the solid polymers of formaldehyde contain formic acid, which partly originates from the production process and partly was also formed during storage. If such small amounts of alkaline substances were added, it was to be expected that these small amounts of alkaline substances would be neutralized by the formic acid content with the formation of formates and thus rendered ineffective, and it has been proven that salts of formic acid or similar are stronger Acids are incapable of triggering the effect according to the invention. The processes taking place in the above-described invention have not yet been clarified. However, it can be assumed that the small amounts of alkaline substances come into contact with the solid polymers sorptively and thus cause or initiate the dissolution process of the polymers and are only subsequently blunted by the simultaneously present amounts of formic acid. Since only very small amounts of alkaline substances are required according to the invention, it is unnecessary in most cases to separate off the foreign substances. Solutions prepared according to the invention are practically pure formaldehyde solutions and can be used directly for other purposes. EXAMPLE Solid paraformaldehyde commercially available with a content of 96.5 "/" CH, O was used as the starting material. This paraformaldehyde practically does not dissolve at all when treated with cold water; when treated with hot water for a long time only about 18 ° / ".

31,1 g fester Paraformaldehyd wurde mit 68,9 g Wasser und Natronlauge oder auch Trinatriumphosphat in einer Menge entsprechend 0,004'/" bezogen auf die fertige Endlösung, bei 8o° digeriert. Nach 2o Minuten war der Paraformaldehyd zu Zoo "/" gelöst. Es wurde eine klare, entsprechend der im Ansatz verwendeten Menge Wasser und Paraformaldehyd, 30°/" ige Lösung erhalten. Die Menge des hier verwendeten Zusatzmittels ist so gering, daß diese Lösung praktisch für alle Zwecke als reine Formaldehydlösung direkt weiterverwendet werden kann.31.1 g of solid paraformaldehyde was mixed with 68.9 g of water and sodium hydroxide solution or trisodium phosphate in an amount corresponding to 0.004 '/ "based on the final solution, digested at 80 °. After 20 minutes the paraformaldehyde was closed Zoo "/" solved. It became a clear one corresponding to the amount used in the batch Water and paraformaldehyde, 30% solution obtained. The amount of that used here Additive is so small that this solution is considered pure practically for all purposes Formaldehyde solution can be used directly.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von haltbaren Formaldehydlösungen aus dessen festen Polymeren durch Einwirkung geringer Mengen basischer Verbindungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Polymere des Formaldehyds in Gegenwart von Lösungsmitteln, wie Wasser, Alkohol oder Ketonen, mit basisch wirkenden Mitteln in Mengen von weniger als 0,05'/" bezogen auf die fertige Lösung, vorteilhaft in der Wärme behandelt. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. A process for the preparation of durable formaldehyde solutions from its solid polymers by the action of small amounts of basic compounds, characterized in that the polymers of formaldehyde in the presence of solvents such as water, alcohol or ketones, with basic agents in amounts of less as 0.05 '/ " based on the finished solution, advantageously treated in the heat. 2. Ausführungsform des Verfahrens nach Anspruch Z, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als basisch wirkende Stoffe solche mit puffernden Eigenschaften, wie z. B. Alkalicarbonate oder Alkaliphosphate, verwendet. Angezogene Druckschriften Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 434 830, 589 776, 641 993, 648 398; USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 1 143 1Z4.2. Embodiment of the method according to claim Z, characterized in that one as basic substances those with buffering properties, such as. B. alkali carbonates or alkali phosphates are used. Attached publications German patents No. 434 830, 589 776, 641 993, 648 398; U.S. Patent No. 1 143 1Z4.
DED6316D 1940-07-12 1940-07-13 Process for the production of durable formaldehyde solutions Expired DE854502C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED6316D DE854502C (en) 1940-07-12 1940-07-13 Process for the production of durable formaldehyde solutions

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0006316 1940-07-12
DED6316D DE854502C (en) 1940-07-12 1940-07-13 Process for the production of durable formaldehyde solutions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE854502C true DE854502C (en) 1952-11-04

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DED6316D Expired DE854502C (en) 1940-07-12 1940-07-13 Process for the production of durable formaldehyde solutions

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DE (1) DE854502C (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2201241A1 (en) * 1972-01-12 1973-07-26 Basf Ag PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FORMALDEHYDE
WO2000024699A1 (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-05-04 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Aqueous formaldehyde solutions with a low tetroxane content

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1143114A (en) * 1914-06-01 1915-06-15 Nat Electrolytic Company Formaldehyde solution.
DE434830C (en) * 1923-05-06 1926-10-06 Chem Fab Von Heyden Akt Ges Fa Process for the preparation of paraformaldehyde-free solutions of polymeric formaldehyde in monohydric or polyhydric alcohols
DE589776C (en) * 1931-05-27 1933-12-14 Degussa Process for the production of a solid, water-soluble, formaldehyde-containing preparation
DE641993C (en) * 1932-11-30 1937-02-25 Degussa Process for the production of solid, easily soluble formaldehyde
DE648398C (en) * 1934-04-27 1937-08-02 Du Pont Process for the production of easily soluble paraformaldehyde preparations

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1143114A (en) * 1914-06-01 1915-06-15 Nat Electrolytic Company Formaldehyde solution.
DE434830C (en) * 1923-05-06 1926-10-06 Chem Fab Von Heyden Akt Ges Fa Process for the preparation of paraformaldehyde-free solutions of polymeric formaldehyde in monohydric or polyhydric alcohols
DE589776C (en) * 1931-05-27 1933-12-14 Degussa Process for the production of a solid, water-soluble, formaldehyde-containing preparation
DE641993C (en) * 1932-11-30 1937-02-25 Degussa Process for the production of solid, easily soluble formaldehyde
DE648398C (en) * 1934-04-27 1937-08-02 Du Pont Process for the production of easily soluble paraformaldehyde preparations

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2201241A1 (en) * 1972-01-12 1973-07-26 Basf Ag PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FORMALDEHYDE
WO2000024699A1 (en) * 1998-10-27 2000-05-04 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Aqueous formaldehyde solutions with a low tetroxane content

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