DE8106020U1 - DEVICE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF GASEOUS FUELS - Google Patents

Description

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M.A.N. MASCHINENFABRIK AUGSBURG-NÜRNBERG Aktiengesellschaft

Munich, March 24, 1982

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The innovation relates to a device for the extraction of Gaseous fuels from raw materials, especially waste materials containing hydrocarbons contain components and electrically conductive components or are electrically non-conductive, with the hydrocarbon-containing components being degassed by the action of heat will.

The increasing price increases and those for the near future

The already foreseeable shortage of liquid and gaseous fuels has meant that in many places the Further development of this has been ready for a long time Known procedure was resumed to get out of re Generable raw materials to produce gaseous fuels. Many other starting materials have proven to be suitable and usable for this process biological waste and residues and those that one not be made available for any other use

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such as waste from industrial and commercial operations, household waste, low-value fossil materials such as Peat, oil shale and oil sands and land and water plants, those suitable for the purpose of generating energy

Cultures are grown.

The known processes of this type have in common that under the action of heat on the starting material, among other things, gaseous decomposition products of different types Quality is created, the mixture of which can be used as fuel after cooling and cleaning. Depending on Process concept, the gasification process is either supplied with the heat from the outside, e.g. by heating, or it the starting material itself ignites and its

^ partial combustion provides the necessary process heat * The fuel that can be obtained with such previously known gasification processes is usually one of the so-called lean gases with only a low calorific value, especially if the starting material is part of the

^ζυ in it contained energy for maintaining the Process heat is withdrawn. In most cases, it is primarily the volatile, high-quality hydrocarbons that burn and form inert gases, which explains the often disappointingly low calorific value of the gaseous fuel. The previously known one is also a disadvantage Process often long residence time of the starting material in the process vessel; it requires relatively large volumes for a given degassing performance and, moreover, leads to - because of the different high decay temperatures of the

Starting material - to inconsistencies in the produced gas quality, which is why for some applications the degassing process is a gas recooling and filtering as well the gas quality compensating storage connected downstream must become. Last, but not least, is when the

Process heat from the outside required considerable energy expenditure.

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To avoid all these disadvantages, a device according to the invention is proposed according to claim 1 or Z, with which the necessary for degassing Warm in the electrically conductive parts of the Starting material by electromagnetic induction generated or generated dielectrically by microwaves in the starting material.

The advantages of the innovation are as follows:

- The starting material intended for degassing is extremely quickly and intensely imbued with warmth. The result is that all thermochemical decomposition reactions take place almost simultaneously and the gas obtained is qualitatively extraordinarily homogeneous.

Neither your raw material nor the gas obtained energy is withdrawn for process heat recovery, so the result is a higher quality fuel.

That by means of induction or by dielectric means The rapid penetration of process heat that can be achieved leads to an increase in the specific performance of the process per unit volume, i.e. the devices can be built smaller compared to the previously known ones for the same performance.

Since both induction and microwaves generate the required heat in the raw material, the adjacent components of the device are not or only slightly heated. This reduces the required process heat requirement, increases

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the efficiency of the procedure and makes the attachment No need for thermal insulation. The gaseous fuel does not need to be re-cooled.

Advantageous refinements of the invention are the subject matter of the subclaims.

In the following the invention is illustrated by means of two exemplary embodiments explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

Show it

1 shows a device for inductive heating de · .; Starting material, according to a variant of the method according to the invention in strong schematic representation and

2 shows a device for heating the starting material by dielectric means according to the second variant of the method according to the invention in a highly schematic representation.

Induction heating is used for such raw materials into consideration that contain electrically conductive components such as 3. Cable scraps (copper), coated Sheet metal (aluminum, steel, etc.) If there are no electrically conductive components in the starting material?

tied, electrically conductive additives can be added to the starting material, if necessary then be separated again.

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-δι The device shown in Fig. 1 schematically is, consists essentially of a cylindrical container 1, in which waste material to be degassed 2, and a ring-shaped induction coil 3, which is arranged coaxially around the container 1.

A magnetic field 4 is generated in the induction coil 3 in generated in a known manner by means of alternating current. The frequency of the alternating current is usually in the range between 500 Hz and 10 kHz.

When the device is in operation, the electromagnetic penetrate Waves in the electrically conductive charge, the most favorable for energy consumption Penetration depth optimized by means of frequency control can be. In the further course of the process, inductive currents arise, which the electrically conductive waste material opposes a resistance, with warmth

^ is procreated. This heat, which is also called Joule heat acts on the waste material and heats it up. The resulting gas is not through funds shown discharged from the container.

2 * The dielectric heating of a substance is based on the fact that acting voltage and current occur out of phase due to dielectric losses. The power converted into heat is directly proportional to the material type-related dielectricity

constant, the effective excitation frequency as well as the square of the field strength, oscillating in the MHz range electrical alternating fields (microwaves) therefore cause a particularly intensive heating of the waste material. The mock-up method is suitable for

1 live , especially electrically non-conductive

Waste materials.
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To carry out this process variant are suitable especially two constructions. One, which is shown schematically in Fig. 2, consists of a degassing container 1, which is cylindrical and in the upper part is conical in the lower part. At the lower end of the degassing container there is an opening in which a grate 2 is arranged. Below the Grate 2 is a discharge device 3. In the cylindrical part of the degassing container 1 are two Turntable 4 arranged one above the other. On these turntables 4 lies the one to be degassed in thin layers Waste material 5. A high-frequency generator 6 is arranged on the degassing container 1 and is used to generate the alternating current required for heating. The high frequency generator 6 is two-way opposing poles 7 connected, between which the turntable 4 can rotate. Of the Space between the two poles 7 is in operation

Device the heating zone. 20th

The slowly rotating turntables 4 pass through the heating zone, and the waste material to be degassed falls from one Drenteller to the other. The remaining residues 8, which are in the conical part of the degassing Collect container 1, are finally removed from the degassing container 1 via the grate 2 and the discharge device 3. The gas produced in the degassing container 1 is removed by means not shown. ^leads

The other construction, the 1n Fig. 3 schematically shown 1st, consists of several conveyor belts 1, which are arranged so that the waste to be degassed cascade from one conveyor belt to the other falls. Each conveyor belt 1 is a degassing container 2, in which there is a heating zone

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det, between two opposing poles that are connected to a high frequency generator 3, is formed. In operation, the waste to be degassed is transported on the upper conveyor belt through the first Heating zone promoted and then falls on the one below Conveyor belt with which it moves through the next heating zone.

In both of the devices described above, the waste material is continuously degassed.

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-11-gii / sd

M.A.N. MASCHINENFABRIK AUGSBURG-NÜRNBERG Aktiengesellschaft

Munich, March 24, 1982

summary

Device for obtaining gaseous fuels from raw materials, in particular waste materials, the hydrocarbonaceous components and electrical contain conductive components or are electrically non-conductive, the hydrocarbon-based components being degassed by warning effects. The heat required for degassing in the electrically conductive components of the starting material that are mixed in,

if they are not present from the beginning, 20

electromagnetic induction or by dielectric means thus generated by microwaves in the starting material.

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Claims (1)

»· Rmt · « ft · t ι ι y ~ " -1- 3 · tte ttss ι · »· '· t ·« ft · k ι ι gii / sd M.A.N. MASCHINENFABRIK AUGSBURG-NÜRNBERG Aktiengesellschaft Munich, March 24, 1982 Protection claims 10 1. Device for the extraction of gaseous Fuels made from hydrocarbon sharks and materials containing electrically conductive components with a container for Receiving the starting material, characterized in that the container is surrounded by an induction coil. 2. Device for the production of gaseous fuels from hydrocarbon shark and materials containing electrically conductive components, with a container for receiving the starting material, thereby indicates ^ that a container for receiving of the resulting gaseous fuel and a movable carrier for the starting material are provided, and the carrier Hochfreqjenzgenerator is assigned. 30th 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the carrier as one or more Turntables arranged one above the other are formed 1st. 35 7.2044 * · Til * -2- Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the carrier as one or more is formed below or next to each other arranged conveyor belts. 7.2044 March 24, 1982